JP2002112626A - Block construction structure for growing plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a block construction structure for growing plants, capable of forming a space (biotope) for growing animals and plants on slop of liver or land, river bed or on water surface or under the water of lake, marsh, etc., and contributing to conservation of nature. SOLUTION: This block construction structure for growing plants is constituted by housing a root-supporting material for spreading root N of a plant S, e.g. soil dressing into an internal space formed by combining a plurality of blocks made of concrete having internal spaces and comprises a combination of a planting block 2 by which plants are planted and root-growing blocks 3 for growing root N of the plant S planted in the planting block 2, and an opening 4 for buds or stems for protruding bud or stem M to the outside and an opening 5 for growing root installed on contact surface with the root-growing blocks 3 are formed in the planting block 2, and a root-introducing opening 8 for introducing root N of the plant S which goes out of the opening 5 for growing root of the inside is formed in the each root-growing block 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant breeding block construction structure, the object of which is to cover slopes and river beds of rivers and roads,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a plant breeding block building structure that can create a living space (biotope) for animals and plants on a water surface such as a lake or a swamp, and contribute to natural environment conservation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, concrete blocks, for example, as shown in FIG. 67, are piled up manually on a slope such as a ground or an embankment as shown in FIG. The low retaining wall is constructed by empty loading without backfill concrete, and the high retaining wall is constructed by backfill concrete and backfilled crushed stone with slightly lower slope, and JIS-compliant 35cm long building blocks. Is common. Also, slopes such as rivers and waterways are often constructed by stacking similar concrete blocks for the purpose of revetment, and rivers and waterways are scoured by floods in addition to such slopes. In most cases, the riverbed has a so-called three-sided structure in which even the riverbed is concreted. Such a structure plays an important role in protecting our daily lives by preventing the collapse of slopes and flooding of rivers, but on the other hand, it is not favorable as a habitat for animals and plants, and the existing ecological It would destroy the system.

[0003] Plants play an extremely important role in ecosystems. For example, plants growing in rivers and waterways, drained plants such as reeds, and submerged plants such as lotus absorb nitrogen and phosphorus from their rhizomes. Purified eutrophic water quality, submerged plants such as chromo and fusamo have become spawning grounds and living spaces for fish, and the actions performed by these plants have been essential to the survival of animals living together. . It is well known that photosynthesis by plants on the ground is effective in reducing CO _{2 to} prevent global warming, and that transpiration is effective in suppressing temperature rise. Therefore, the recent decrease due to the deterioration of the plant growth environment has spurred global warming, and was very alarming from the viewpoint of the human living environment. Reflections from concrete buildings and asphalt ground in urban areas are one of the main causes of the so-called heat island phenomenon in summer.However, the existence of natural rivers and waterways creates a cool air path through cool air passages. It is known that it is effective in alleviating the heat island phenomenon, and in that sense, protection of lakes and rivers and the plants that grow there is important.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned situation, concrete blocks for the purpose of greening slopes and the like have already been created and actually constructed in various places. However, the existing blocks for greening slopes, etc.
Due to their large surface area and depth, they become very expensive slopes, and the roots of planted plants cannot grow sufficiently long inside. In addition, since the surface shape and size are completely different from the pile blocks constructed on the existing slope (for example, those shown in FIG. 67), the present invention is applied to the slopes on which the pile blocks have already been constructed. The slope could not be greened, in which case the entire building block had to be replaced. In addition, there has not been a block that incorporates a soil or the like that is considered for the growth of a water-extracted plant or a submerged plant in water.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, when installed on a slope or riverbed such as a river or a road, not only plays an original role as a revetment or a retaining wall, but also at an installation site. An object of the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation block construction structure that can cultivate plants and create an ecosystem of animals and plants and can also be applied to existing construction block construction sites.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 is
A block building structure for plant cultivation, comprising a root support material for extending a root of a plant such as a soil in an inner space formed by combining a plurality of concrete blocks having an inner space, A combination of a planting block in which a plant is planted and a root growing block for extending the roots of the planting planted in the planting block, wherein the planting bud or stem is outside the planting block. Stem opening for projecting toward the root, and a root extension opening provided at the interface with the root growing block, wherein the root growing block has a plant that has emerged from the root growing opening. The present invention relates to a plant cultivation block construction structure, which is provided with a root introduction opening for guiding roots of the plant to the inside. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that at least one of the root growing blocks is provided with an opening for root extension for guiding a plant root to another root growing block. A plant cultivation block construction structure according to claim 1. The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the planting block or the root growing block is provided with a knockout portion that can be punched out as necessary, and the knockout portion is punched out to form an opening for root extension. The structure for constructing a plant growing block according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building structure for constructing a slope such as a river or a road, wherein the blocks are stacked so as to form a wall on the back side, and roots enter the backing portion. 4. The structure for constructing a plant cultivation block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the structure is a structure for preventing plant growth. The invention according to claim 5, wherein the height and width of the square surface located on the front side of the slope of the block are set to the same dimensions as the existing building blocks to be piled by human power, and the river constructed from the existing building blocks. 5. The plant cultivation block construction structure according to claim 4, wherein the construction can be applied in place of part or all of the pile blocks on the slopes of roads and roads. The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that at least one of the blocks is provided with a drainage opening for draining water accumulated in the block, wherein the plant is cultivated according to claim 4 or 5. Related to block construction structure. The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that at least one of the blocks is provided with an opening with a lid for replanting planted plants.
A plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of the above.
The invention according to claim 8 is provided with a water guide member for guiding rainfall or the like into the block, and the water guide member includes a water guide gutter that receives rain or the like and a water guide pipe that guides water from the water guide gutter into the block. The present invention relates to a plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of claims 4 to 7.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a part of the planting block is formed so as to protrude from another block constituting a slope, and the protruding portion is provided with an opening for a bud stem. The present invention relates to a plant growing block construction structure according to any one of claims 4 to 8. The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that a lid for preventing the backfill concrete from entering the inside of the block is attached to the open surface of the block, wherein the plant growing block according to any one of claims 4 to 9. Concerning the construction structure. The invention according to claim 11 is
The plant according to any one of claims 4 to 10, wherein a rear surface protruding portion is provided on a surface opposite to a side forming a slope of the block, the rear surface protruding portion protruding toward the backing concrete placing position. It relates to a breeding block construction structure. Claim 12
The invention according to the invention, on a slope composed of many blocks,
5. A plant growing block area comprising a set of blocks containing the root support material in an internal space and a reinforcing block area comprising a set of blocks injected with concrete in the internal space are provided in a mixed manner. And a plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction structure wherein a plurality of blocks are stacked and integrated to constitute a weir such as a river or a waterway. And a structure for building a plant breeding block. The invention according to claim 14 is a plant growing block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is a building structure in which a plurality of blocks are stacked and integrated to constitute a head work such as a river. Concerning the construction structure. Claim 1
The invention according to claim 5 relates to a plant growing block building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the building structure is a building structure in which a plurality of blocks are closely attached to each other and installed on a riverbed surface such as a river. The invention according to claim 16 is characterized in that the plurality of blocks are integrated.
5. A plant growing block construction structure according to item 5. Claim 1
7. The invention according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of blocks are combined with a buoyant object to be integrated, and the building is a floating structure floating on the water surface such as a lake, a swamp, a dam or the like, or a construction structure stopped at a constant water depth. 4. A plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of (1) to (3). The invention according to claim 18 is characterized in that a partition wall is formed in a space in the block, and a hollow portion communicating with the outside and not containing the root support is formed in the block by the partition wall. A plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of claims 13 to 17.

[0010] The invention according to claim 19 is a construction structure which is installed on the roof of a building, near a wall of a private house, or the like so that a part of the building is greened with plants.
A plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of the above.
The invention according to claim 20 is characterized in that it is constructed by laminating or arranging a square tube, a substantially concave cross section, and a square square block as appropriate.
9. A plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of (9) to (9). The invention according to claim 21 is constructed by stacking hexagonal cylindrical blocks.
20. A plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of claims to 20. The invention according to claim 22 is the plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein a large number of irregularities are formed on a surface of the block other than a contact surface with another block. About. According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, a thin plate made of a rubber plate or the like is interposed between adjacent blocks to prevent roots from entering the backfill portion or to prevent root support materials such as soil from flowing out into water. A plant cultivation block construction structure according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized by being mounted.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a structure for constructing a plant growing block according to the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a constructing structure).
Preferred embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
The plant cultivation block construction structure according to the present invention is configured by housing a root support material for extending plant roots such as soil in an internal space formed by combining a plurality of concrete blocks without gaps. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a plant growing block construction structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view thereof.

The concrete block used in the present invention is manufactured by a method in which a reinforcing material such as a reinforcing steel bar or an iron wire is introduced into concrete and subjected to centrifugal force, vibration or the like to be integrated with the concrete. . At this time, recycled aggregate obtained by pulverizing concrete waste into fine particles may be used as a raw material for the block. In addition, as the root support material housed inside the block in the present invention, besides ordinary soil, soil suitable for growing plants such as fertilizer-mixed soil or mulch can be mentioned as a suitable example. . In addition, a configuration in which a water retention agent is mixed with soil to prevent the soil from drying can be preferably employed. Furthermore, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which clay, sand, gravel, coconut fiber, or the like is housed in the block in addition to or in place of soil as a root support material.

The construction structure according to the first embodiment is a construction structure constituting a slope of a river, a road, or the like, and a plurality of blocks each having a substantially concave cross section are laid with the open surface facing upward. It is constituted by things. The blocks can be stacked with the open side of the block facing down. The block is a planting block (2) in which the plant (S) is planted and the root (N) of the plant (S) planted in the planting block (2).
And a root cultivation block (3) for extending the roots, and a combination of these blocks constitutes a construction structure according to the present invention. In addition, basically, the root growing block (3) is disposed without a gap at a position below or on a side of the planting block (2).

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of the planting block (2). The planting block (2) has a bud stem opening for allowing the buds or stems of the plant (S) to project outward. (4) and a root extension opening (5) provided at a boundary surface between the root growing block (3) and allowing plant roots to enter the inside of the root growing block (3). . The bud stem opening (4) is provided on one side wall (6) of the block having a substantially concave cross section.
When the side wall (6) is arranged on the front side of the slope, the buds or stems (M) of the plant (S) project outward as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Will be able to do it. The bud stem opening (4) also serves as a water introduction hole for introducing rainwater and the like into the block, and also as a maintenance hole for replanting the plant (S) and replacing soil. It's done. When the soil is replaced, a method of muddy the soil from this opening and repeatedly pouring it with a watering can or the like can be adopted. FIG.
Is a hole for detachably attaching a lid (not shown) made of a surface grid or the like. Incidentally, such a hole for maintenance can of course be provided in a block of another shape described later. The root extension opening (5) is provided on the bottom surface (7) of the substantially concave block, whereby the plant is planted in the bud stem opening (4) of the planting block (2). The root (N) of (S) does not stop growing in the planting block (2), but penetrates into the inside of the root growing block (3) adjacent below through the opening (5) for root elongation. Will be able to do it.

FIGS. 4 and 5 are perspective views showing an example of the root growing block (3). FIG. 5 is a block located at the lowermost part in the construction structure of the present invention, and FIG. The block located. Root growing block (3)
Is provided with a root introduction opening (8) for guiding plant roots coming out of the root elongation opening (4) of the planting block (2) into the inside. The introduction opening (8) consists of an open top part sandwiched between two side walls of the concave block. An outside drainage opening (13) for draining water accumulated in the block to the outside to prevent root rot of the plant is provided on one side wall located on the front side of the slope.
Is provided. In addition, this outside drainage opening (13)
Can also take in air and water into the soil in the block. Reference numeral (29) in the drawing is a knockout portion for forming a through-hole by punching as necessary. The specific configuration of the knockout section (29) will be described later. The root growing block (3) shown in FIG. 4 has another root growing block (FIG.
(See the block shown) is provided with a root elongation opening (9) for guiding the roots of the plant.

At least one of the root growing blocks (3) has a hole (14) formed in a side wall located on the back side of the slope as shown in FIG. An outer drain pipe (15) is provided from the part (11) to the outer drain opening (13) through the hole (14). This makes it possible to drain water remaining in the backing portion (11) of the blocks stacked without gaps to the outside, thereby preventing collapse of a retaining wall or the like constructed by the blocks.

The size, number, shape and position of the openings provided in the blocks (2) and (3) are as follows.
It is not limited to the form of the illustrated example, and can be appropriately changed according to the type of plant to be planted and the like. Further, it is preferable to cover each opening with a fine net or the like in order to prevent the outflow of soil. In addition, it is necessary to plug and close the opening in which ready-mixed concrete may flow into the block during construction in order to prevent this. Examples of the stopper used include a rubber stopper, a metal stopper, a wooden stopper subjected to a preservative treatment, and the like. Also, a hole located on the surface side of the slope, for example, a hole for inserting the soil can be plugged after the soil is inserted to prevent the outflow of the soil.

Each of the openings in these blocks (2) and (3) may be formed in a through hole in advance, but as a knockout portion (29) which can be later punched out with a hammer or the like to form a through hole. It may be formed and punched out as needed at the construction site to form a through hole. FIG.
7 is a sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the knockout portion (29). In this example, a knockout portion (29) that can be punched out is formed by a concave portion (29a) provided from the inner side or the outer side of the block. Is formed. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the knockout portion (29). In this example, a pipe (29b) is embedded from the inner side to the outer side of the block, and concrete in the pipe is removed. A knockout portion (29) is formed by being punchable. As shown in FIG. 10, the pipe (29b) has a hollow cylindrical shape and has a plurality of small through holes (29c) formed in a peripheral surface thereof. When such a pipe (29b) is integrally molded so as to be embedded in the block, concrete enters into the pipe (29b) through the small through-hole (29c) and hardens as shown in the diagram on the left side of FIG. In this state, the concrete inside the pipe is connected to the concrete outside the pipe via the small through-hole (29c). Is broken, and a through hole is formed as shown in the right-side view of FIG. FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the knockout portion (29). In this example, the configurations of the above two examples are combined, and a concave portion (29a) is inserted from the inner surface side or the outer surface side of the block into a pipe (29b) embedded from the inner surface side to the outer surface side of the block. ) Is formed. As the pipe (29b), a vinyl chloride pipe, a steel pipe, or the like is suitably used, and these pipes are buried in connection with a reinforcing bar (not shown) embedded in the block. A female screw is formed on the inner surface of the pipe (29b), and after punching out the knockout portion (29) to form a through hole, a plug having a male screw on the outer surface is screwed into the female screw to close the through hole. You can also. The knockout portion (29) having the above-described configuration can be applied to an opening of a block having another shape described later.

The side wall (10) located on the back side of the slope of each of the blocks (2) and (3) is not provided with an opening in principle (except for the one for drainage), and the blocks are in close contact. By being stacked without gaps, a wall is formed on the back side, whereby the roots (N) of the planted plant (S) enter the backing portion (11) (see FIG. 2) and are blocked by the block. It prevents the collapse of the constructed retaining walls. In addition, this construction structure can be applied to both cases with and without backing concrete. In other words, in the case of block stacking with a low height or block stacking with a gentle slope, backing concrete may not be necessary, but the present invention can be applied to such a case. As shown in FIG. 2, a thin plate (2) is provided on the contact surface of each of the blocks (2) and (3).
By interposing 7), each block (2), (3)
It is possible to enhance the adhesiveness between them, and to reliably prevent the root from entering the backfill part and the water from entering the backfill part. Such a configuration is particularly preferably used when there is no backing concrete as in FIG. As the material of the thin plate material (27), an elastic member such as rubber is preferably used, and trifluorolarine (chemical name: α, α, α-trifluoro-2,6-
It is also possible to use a biobarrier (trade name: manufactured by Nisso Green Co., Ltd.) in which pellets composed of dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-para-toluidine), polyethylene and carbon black are integrated with a polypropylene nonwoven fabric. Trifluralin acts on the root growth point of the plant to stop the growth, so that the root can be reliably prevented from entering the backfill.

The structure in which the thin plate (27) is interposed on the contact surface of the block in this manner is not limited to a construction structure on land, but also a construction in which a part or all of the block described later is underwater. It is also suitably adopted in the structure (for example, see FIG. 15). In water, the thin plate material (27) plays a role in preventing water from entering through gaps between blocks and muddy and transporting internal soil and the like.

A projecting step (17) having the same shape is formed on the bottom surface (7) of each of the blocks (2) and (3), and as shown in FIG. 2 using the projecting step (17). It is possible to stack a plurality of blocks without causing any misalignment.

The substantially concave blocks (2) and (3) used in the above-described construction have a back surface on a side wall (10) located on the back side of the slope as shown in FIGS. It is preferable to provide a configuration in which the protrusion (30) is provided. The rear projecting portion (30) shown in FIG. 12 is provided with two flat projecting portions at an interval, and the rear projecting portion (30) shown in FIG. Two parts are provided at an interval so as to face each other symmetrically. The rear projection (30) shown in FIG. 14 is provided with one I-shaped planar projection in the center at the center, and a through hole (31) is provided at the center of the projection (30). Is provided.
By providing such a rear projection (30),
When the backing concrete (31) is cast, as shown in FIG.
It becomes possible to firmly fix the blocks fixed by 2) and stacked. FIG. 15 shows a case where a slope of a water channel is constructed, and W indicates a water surface.
Further, a through hole (31) is provided as in the back surface protruding portion (30) shown in FIG. 14, and the adjacent blocks are connected by inserting a reinforcing bar (28) into the through hole (31) as shown by a dashed line. It is possible to do. Further, if the back surface protruding portion (30) shown in FIG. 12 is provided at a position where the width direction of the block is divided into three equal parts, the back surface protruding portion (30) may be turned up and down when the blocks are laid as shown in FIG. Since the blocks are continuous, the blocks can be stacked reliably and easily. It should be noted that, instead of the above-described configuration in which the back surface protruding portion (30) is formed from a part of the block itself, a reinforcing bar (28) is protruded from the back surface of the block as shown in FIG. May be adopted. FIG. 17 shows an example of a method for forming the back surface protruding portion (30) using the reinforcing bar (28). In this example, the reinforcing bar (28) is bent into a channel shape, and both ends thereof penetrate the side wall of the block. Note that this configuration can be applied to blocks of other shapes. FIG. 18 shows a rectangular cylindrical block to be described later with a rear projection (3) formed by a reinforcing bar (28).
The state where the slope has been constructed by applying the configuration of 0) is shown.

As shown in FIG. 19, a configuration in which a large number of irregularities are formed on both side surfaces of the blocks (2) and (3) can also be preferably employed. In the illustrated example, unevenness in the length direction is continuously formed on both side surfaces of the block in a streak shape. The irregularities may be formed by a molding die,
When a block is formed from porous concrete using aggregate having a particle size of about 0 mm, irregularities are naturally formed on the surface. Among the irregularities, the irregularities located on the surface side of the slope create shade on the slope, so that a rise in the temperature of the block surface, the soil, and the like can be prevented. Further, the unevenness creates an environment suitable for growing plants and insects. Moreover, the unevenness located on the back side improves the adhesion to the backing concrete (32). Further, as in the fourth to seventh embodiments described below, when the construction structure according to the present invention is installed in water, algae and moss in the water adhere to the unevenness, and it is easy to grow, Incoming arthropod insects can easily go up and down. In addition, by removing an appropriate portion of the unevenness with a hammer or the like, an irregular unevenness or a rough surface is formed as shown in FIG. 20, and the effect is further improved. Further, as will be described later, a configuration in which similar unevenness is provided can also be preferably adopted when the block is formed in a square cylindrical shape or a square square shape (for example, see FIG. 23). Although the illustrated example shows an example in which the uneven surface is provided on both side surfaces of the block, it may be provided on only one of the surfaces.

In the construction structure according to the present invention, the number of root growing blocks (3) used in combination with one planting block (2) is not particularly limited, and is appropriately determined according to the type of plant to be planted. The number can be set. For example, when planting a plant having long roots, the number of root growing blocks (3) may be increased. What is necessary is just to reduce the number of 3). For example, in the construction structure according to the first embodiment, in the case of planting a plant whose root does not grow very much, it is possible to cope with a combination of only the blocks of the forms shown in FIGS. When planting a long plant, it is necessary to increase the number of root growing blocks (3) downward or laterally by combining blocks of all the forms shown in FIGS.

In the construction according to the present invention, FIG.
Instead of the block having a substantially concave cross section as shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 5, a square bottom surface as shown in FIG. 21 to FIG. Can be used. The block shown in FIG. 21 is an example of a block used as a planting block (2), and has an opening for a bud stem by cutting off the upper side of one side located on the front side of the slope in a square shape. (4) is formed, and a root extension opening (5) is formed on the bottom surface and two side surfaces arranged in contact with the root growing block. The block shown in FIG. 22 is an example of a block used as a root growing block (3), and has two side openings arranged in contact with a planting block or another root growing block. (8) and a root extension opening (9) are formed.
Also, a rear surface protruding portion (30) for fixing the block with backfill concrete is provided on the surface located on the back side of the slope.
Are formed. The block shown in FIG. 23 is an example of a block used as the planting block (2), and has a large number of irregularities formed on a surface located on the front side of the slope. The root extension openings (5) and (9) in these blocks (2) and (3) may be appropriately provided on a necessary surface as needed. Alternatively, a through hole may be formed in advance, but a through hole may be formed as a punchable knockout portion as shown in FIGS. 6 to 11, and a through hole may be formed as necessary. In addition, the shape of the internal space of the block is not limited to a quadrangular prism shape, and may be, for example, a cylindrical shape as shown by a dashed line in FIG.

The above-described square block (2), (3)
May be arranged with the bottom face down and the open face up, but it is also possible to arrange the face upside down with the open face down. In the case of arranging with the open surface facing upward, the open surface of the block located at the uppermost stage is shown in FIG.
The cover (18) as shown in (1) above may be covered to prevent intrusion of backfill concrete from the open surface and outflow of the soil. In this case, the open surface of the root growing block (3) other than the top row plays a role as the root introducing opening (8). In the case of disposing the opening face down, the bottom faces of the blocks (2) and (3) located at the uppermost level play a role as the cover (18), so the cover (18) is unnecessary. Becomes In addition, the open surfaces of the blocks (2) and (3) located at the uppermost stage are root extension openings (5),
Since it plays the role of (9), the root extension openings (5) and (9) on the bottom surface are unnecessary. On the other hand, in the root growing block (3) other than the top row, the root elongating opening (9) serves as a root introducing opening (8).

Further, in the construction structure according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 25, it is also possible to use a block having a combination of a block having a substantially concave shape in cross section and a block having a quadrangular square shape (here, called a half square shape). It is possible. The half square block has a shape obtained by removing one side surface of the square square block. Also, as shown in FIG. 26, a block having a circular cross section inside and having an outer shape of a regular quadrangular prism is cut and divided as indicated by a dashed line to form four blocks having a substantially concave cross section. A configuration can also be preferably employed. At this time, the blocks used for division include, for example,
One having an external dimension of cm × 50 cm × 80 cm in length can be mentioned.

In the above construction according to the present invention,
The height and width of the square surface located on the front side of the slopes of the blocks (2) and (3) are set to the same height and width as those of the conventional stacking block (see FIG. 67, for example) which is piled by human power. Preferably. By setting in this way, a part of the existing stacking block already stacked on the slope can be removed and replaced with the building structure according to the present invention, and required portions of the existing slope can be easily and inexpensively reduced. This is because greening is possible. It should be noted that, in addition to the conventional construction of the stacking block and the construction of the present invention, the entire construction of the slope can be constructed by the construction of the invention.

FIG. 27 is a schematic sectional view showing a modification of the construction structure according to the first embodiment. The point that the construction structure according to this example is different from that of the above embodiment is that a part of the planting block (2) is constructed so as to protrude from another block (root cultivation block (3)) constituting a slope. The point is that the protruding portion is used as the bud stem opening (4). FIG.
Is the planting block (2) used in this modification.
In this example, a surface of the block having a substantially concave cross section, which is located on the front side of the slope, is projected so as to widen the internal space. The projecting portion (34) projects from the slope to play a role as a bud stem opening (4). Therefore, in this example,
It is not necessary to form an opening for a bud stem as shown in FIG. 4 in the side wall (6) of the planting block (2).

FIGS. 29 to 32 show modified examples of the planting block (2) having the protruding portion (34). Each of these blocks (2) is an example in which a protruding portion (34) is provided in a square block, and any of the protruding portions (34) is provided.
Also, by projecting from the slope, it can also serve as a bud stem opening (4). In addition, these blocks are installed in appropriate combination with the lid (18) as described above.

FIG. 33 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the plant growing block construction structure according to the present invention. The building structure according to the second embodiment is also a building structure constituting a slope of a river, a road, or the like, and a plurality of substantially concave-shaped blocks are piled up with an open surface obliquely upward or downward. It is constituted by. The block includes a planting block (2) in which the plant (S) is planted, and a root growing block (3) for extending the root (N) of the plant (S) planted in the planting block (2). ), And the construction structure according to the second embodiment is also configured by these combinations. The blocks (2) and (3) can be the same as those in the first embodiment.

In the construction structure according to the second embodiment, measures must be taken to prevent backfill concrete from entering the inside of the block from the upper end face of the block during construction. For example, in the case where the blocks without reference numerals in the retaining wall shown in FIG. 33 are conventional stacking blocks as shown in FIG. 67, backfill concrete invades from the upper end or the lower end during construction. As a countermeasure, there is adopted a method in which the lid (18) is closed on the upper end surface or the lower end surface of the block into which the backfill concrete may enter (see FIG. 34). Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to shorten the length of the block to which the lid (18) is applied. Further, in the construction structure according to the second embodiment, the provision of the protruding step portion (17) on the block rather obstructs the stacking, so that the protruding step portion (17) is not necessarily provided. In addition, the guest soil is 1
After the block or several blocks are piled up, they are inserted using the root extension opening (9) or the like. Since other configurations are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, the same configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

In the construction structure according to the present invention, in order to reliably connect the stacked blocks, FIG.
As shown in the figure, holes (1
9a) and a steel guide pin (19) having a shape in which a cone is vertically symmetrically overlapped with the hole (19a).
By fitting b), the vertically overlapping blocks can be reliably connected.

In the present invention, a square cylinder as shown in FIGS. 36 and 37 is used instead of the substantially concave block or square block used in the first and second embodiments. It is also possible to use shaped blocks. In this block, the outer shape of the cylinder may be a square prism, and the inner shape may be a circular cross section as shown in the drawing or a rectangular cross section as shown by a dashed line in FIG.
In addition, it is also possible for the external shape to be a square pillar shape other than a regular square pillar. The concrete block used in the present invention may be appropriately chamfered or rounded at its corners or corners in order to prevent chipping during transportation or installation.

The block shown in FIG. 36 is a planting block (2).
And corresponds to the block of FIG. 3 shown in the first embodiment. The bud stem opening (4) is provided on one side surface (20) of the block, and by arranging this side surface (20) on the front side of the slope, the buds or trunks of the plant are directed outward. To be able to protrude. The root elongation opening (not shown) is provided on the bottom surface (21) of the block, whereby the roots of the plants planted in the bud stem opening (4) of the planting block (2) are planted. Planting block (2)
It is possible to penetrate the inside of the root growing block (3) adjoining downward through the root elongation opening without stopping the growth in the inside. Further, a convex portion (35) continuous in the length direction is formed on the upper surface (37) of the block, and a concave portion (36) continuous in the length direction is formed on the bottom surface (21). By combining these irregularities, it is possible to obtain a strong stacked structure that is not easily collapsed even by an earthquake or the like and is not washed away during a flood. Although not shown, a configuration in which such irregularities are provided on the left and right side surfaces and the irregularities of the blocks adjacent to the left and right are combined can also be preferably adopted.
Further, such unevenness does not necessarily need to be provided at the center of the surface as shown in the figure, but may be provided near the end.

The block shown in FIG. 37 is the root cultivation block (3) located at the bottom in the construct of the present invention, and corresponds to the block shown in FIG. 5 shown in the first embodiment. This root growing block (3) is provided with a root introduction opening (8) for guiding the roots of the plant that has exited from the root extension opening (4) of the planting block (2) to the inside on the upper surface. And one side (20) located on the front side of the slope has
An outside drain opening (13) for draining water accumulated in the block to the outside is provided. In the case of the root cultivation block (3) which is not located at the bottom, in the block shown in FIG. 37, the root of the plant is guided to another root cultivation block (a block having the shape of FIG. 37) on the bottom surface. For elongating the root.

As shown in FIG. 38, a plurality of knockout portions (39) are previously provided in a range where an opening is required (a portion shown by a dotted line) as shown in FIG. ) Is formed, and the knockout portion (39) is punched out as necessary at the time of construction. At this time, as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to vary the size and shape of 9) individually. Note that this configuration is naturally applicable to blocks of other shapes.

FIG. 39 is a perspective view showing a state in which cloth is stacked using a square tubular block, and FIGS.
Is a front view and a perspective view showing a state in which the planting blocks (2) are protruded from the slope using a square tubular block and are piled up (FIGS. 42 and 43 are so-called fourth piles). is there. In these figures, peripheral blocks are not shown. When projecting the planting block (2) from the slope using a square tubular block, as shown in FIGS. 41 and 43, the upper part of the projecting portion of the block is cut off to open the upper surface of the projecting portion. The opening (4) for the bud stem may be formed by forming a surface. In addition, also in this case, in order to prevent the backfill concrete from flowing into the block and the soil from flowing out, both end surfaces in the length direction of the planting block (2) are closed with a lid or the like in principle. When the planting block (2) reaches the crushed stone layer on the back side of the backfill concrete, the end surface opposite to the surface of the slope can be opened and used as an opening for inward drainage. it can. Although not shown in the drawings, the ends of the blocks (3) and (4) that are not in contact with other blocks are closed by a lid (18) as shown in FIG.

When a rectangular cylindrical block having a cubic external shape is used, the blocks may be stacked by simply changing the direction of the protruding blocks as shown in FIGS. 42 and 43. In the case of using a rectangular cylindrical block of the type described above, merely changing the direction of the protruding block does not work well around the block, and as shown in FIG. 40 and FIG. It is necessary to protrude the planting block (2) in a suitable form. In this case, the shape of the planting block (2) may be previously set to a shape obtained by crossing rectangular blocks in a cross shape.

In the construction structure according to the present invention, the cloth or the valley is stacked by using only one of the above-described blocks having a substantially concave cross section, a square block, and a square tubular block. However, it is also possible to carry out cloth or valley stacking by appropriately combining these three types of blocks. In the following, some examples of combinations will be illustrated and described, but for the sake of simplicity of the drawing, a substantially concave cross section block is denoted by a symbol (A) in the reference numeral, and a square square block is denoted by a reference numeral (( The branch symbol of (B) is attached, and the symbol of the square cylindrical block is assigned the symbol of (C). Also,
In all figures, illustration of surrounding blocks is omitted, and the roots of the plant (S) stretched in the blocks are indicated by solid lines. The illustration of the opening is omitted except for a part.

FIG. 45 is a diagram showing an example in which a square block and a square tubular block are combined and laid up, and a square block is provided in the topmost planting block and the second root growing block. -Shaped blocks (2B) and (3B) are arranged with the open surface facing downward, and a square-shaped block (3B) is arranged with the open surface facing upward in the bottom center root growing block. A square tubular block (3C) is arranged in the breeding block. The end of the square tubular block (3C) on the side that is not in contact with another root growing block is closed by a lid (18).

FIG. 46 is a view showing an example in which a rectangular tubular block and a block having a substantially concave cross section are combined and laid. In this example, only the root growing block at the center of the lowermost stage is a block (3A) having a substantially concave cross section in which the open surface is arranged upward, and all other blocks are square tubular blocks (4) with a lid (18). 2C) and (3C).
In this stacking method, when the block shown in FIG. 37 is used as the root growing block (3), of the six openings indicated by the dotted lines, the opening exposed on the side face is closed by the lid (18). The opening exposed on the upper surface is preferably closed with the above-described plug. When the opening exposed on the upper surface is formed by punching out the knockout portion, the knockout portion need not be punched out.

FIG. 47 is a view showing an example in which a square block, a square tubular block, and a block having a substantially concave cross section are combined and laid. In this example, a square block (2B) is used as the topmost planting block. A square tubular block (3C) with a lid (18) is used as a root growing block at both ends of the second stage and the lowermost stage, and a substantially concave block (3A) is used as the root growing block at the center of the lowermost stage. ) Is used with the open side facing upward.

FIG. 48 is a view showing an example in which valleys are formed by combining a square block and a square tubular block. In this example, the topmost planting block and the bottom leftmost root growing block are square tubular blocks (2C) and (3C) with a lid (18), and the remaining root growing blocks are obliquely open. It is a square block (3B) arranged upward or obliquely downward.

FIG. 49 is a diagram showing an example in which valleys are formed by combining a square block, a square tubular block, and a block having a substantially concave cross section. In this example, the root growing block on the right side of the second stage is a substantially concave block (3A) having an open surface arranged obliquely downward, and the root growing block on the lower left end is a square having an open surface obliquely upward. The block is a square block (3B), and all the remaining planting blocks and root growing blocks are square tubular blocks (2) with lids (18).
C) and (3C).

FIGS. 50 and 51 are a front view and a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention. In these figures, other blocks around the slope are not shown. In the construction structure of the third embodiment, regular hexagonal cylindrical blocks are stacked in a honeycomb shape in close contact with each other, and each block is shown in FIG. 52 in order to prevent inflow of backfill concrete and outflow of soil. Both ends of the cylinder are closed by such a lid (18). However, on the surface located on the side of the slope of the root growing block (3) located at the bottom, the water accumulated in the block is drained to the outside, and air and water are taken into the soil in the block. (Not shown) for draining the outside. In the illustrated example, the planting block (2) has a tip protruding from the slope, and the upper part of the protruding portion is cut out to be an open surface, thereby forming a bud stem opening (4). I have. Although not shown, the planting block (2)
A root elongation opening (5) is provided on two surfaces below the root, and a root introduction opening is provided at a position corresponding to the root elongation opening (5) on the two surfaces above the root growing block (3). (8) is provided, the plant (S) planted in the planting block (2)
The root (N) can extend into the root growing block (3) through the root extension opening (5) and the root introduction opening (8).

In this embodiment, it is of course possible that the planting block (2) does not protrude its tip from the slope, in which case the end of the cylinder opposite to the slope surface is closed. It may be used as an inward drainage opening for discharging water accumulated in the block to the crushed stone layer or the like in the backing portion in a state of being opened or partially opened.

In the construction structure according to the present invention described above, it is preferable to provide a water guiding member (22) for guiding rainfall or the like in the planting block (2) as shown in FIG. In addition, it is good also as a structure which introduce | transduces rainfall etc. into the inside of the root growing block (3) instead of the planting block (2). The water guiding member (22) includes a water guiding gutter (22a) that is provided on a slope and receives rain or the like, and a water guiding pipe (22b) that guides water flowing through the water guiding gutter (22a) into the planting block. ). The water guide pipe (22b) has one end connected to the water guide gutter (22a) and the other end placed in the planting block (2), whereby rainwater or the like received by the water guide gutter (22a) is removed. The water can be guided into the planting block (2) by the water pipe (22b) to wet the soil inside. In addition, as shown by a dotted line, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the water guide pipe (22b) is branched in the middle and water is guided further into the root growing block (3) below.

FIG. 54 shows a method of discharging water accumulated in a block to prevent root rot in the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, an opening (23) for inward drainage is provided on the surface opposite to the surface of the slope of the root growing block (3), and an inward drainage pipe (24) is provided in the opening (23). By connecting, the water accumulated in the block may be drained to the crushed stone layer of the backing part (11) via the inner drain pipe (24). In this case, the inner drain pipe (2
If the protruding portion from the block in 4) is curved in a U-shape, water will always accumulate in the curved portion, so even if plant roots enter the inner drainage pipe (24), root rot will occur. And it does not reach the back crushed stone layer. In addition, when groundwater invades the backing part at the time of heavy rain, it is possible to drain water, and it is possible to prevent the entire block stack from collapsing. Further, as shown in FIG. 55, the root growing block (3) at the lowermost part is a block dedicated to draining, and a root extending opening (9) of the root growing block (3) above the root growing block (3) and the drain draining block (3). By arranging the outer drain pipe (15) so as to connect to the outer drain opening (13) of the block, the water accumulated in the block can be discharged to prevent root rot. .

In the present invention, in order to improve the strength of the building structure constituting a slope such as a river or a road, a slope constituted by blocks (2) and (3) is shown in FIG. As shown, a plant growing block area (X) composed of a set of blocks containing root storage material such as guest soil in the internal space and a reinforcing block area (Y) composed of a set of blocks injected with concrete in the internal space. A configuration in which they are provided in a mixed manner can be preferably employed. In the figure, the shaded area is the reinforcing block area (Y), and the remaining area is the plant growing block area (X). here,
Each plant growing block area (X) is composed of a combination of a planting block and a root growing block. However, the reinforcing block area (Y) can be composed of only one of the blocks. However, the internal space of each block constituting the reinforcing block area (Y) is in a state where they are communicated with each other by properly combining the root extension openings (5) and (9) and the root introduction opening (8). It is preferable that concrete can enter the internal space of all the blocks in a connected state. It is more preferable to connect the internal spaces with reinforced concrete because the strength is further improved. The method of providing the plant growing block area (X) and the reinforcing block area (Y) is not particularly limited. In addition to the configuration in which the reinforcing block areas (Y) are provided in a lattice shape as illustrated, the reinforcing block area (Y) A configuration in which vertical stripes or diagonal stripes are provided, a configuration in which reinforcing block regions (Y) are provided in a ring shape, and the like can be given. Further, in the illustrated example, a state in which the slope is constructed by cloth is shown, but this configuration is of course applicable to the above-described other stacking structures such as valley stacking.

The embodiment described above is a construction structure mainly constituting a slope of a river or a road. However, the construction structure according to the present invention is also applicable to a construction structure constituting a weir of a river or a waterway, a river or the like. It can also be applied to construction structures that compose head works, construction structures that are installed at the bottom of rivers and waterways, and constructions that are installed on water surfaces such as lakes, swamps, and dams, or that are installed to maintain a constant water depth. It is possible.

FIG. 57 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention. In this construction structure, a planting block (2) composed of a square tubular block as shown in FIG. 36 and FIG. 37 and a root growing block (3) are stacked to have a constant height, and the length direction of the block corresponds to the river. It is installed on the riverbed so as to face in the transverse direction, and constitutes a weir for storing water (W) between the block and the slope (40) of the river (K). At this time, it is preferable that the entire block is integrally fixed using a fixing means such as a rope or a bolt, so that the block can be prevented from moving or collapsing due to a water flow. Further, in order to prevent the outflow of the soil in the blocks due to the water flow, a rubber plate or the like may be interposed between the contact surfaces of the blocks.

According to this construction, by extracting a water-extracted plant or a submerged plant in the planting block (2), excess water and nitrogen in the water are absorbed, the water quality is purified, and the spawning place of the fish is formed. And a living space, and can also be used as emergency fire extinguishing water in the event of a large earthquake or fire. In addition, this construction structure can be applied to a three-sided waterway or the like. In this case, the planting block (2) and the root growing block (3) may be stacked to have a certain height, and may be installed at right angles to the waterway to form a weir and store water. The irrigation canals of rice fields are often devoid of water after autumn, but providing such a weir to store water can protect underwater animals throughout the year in this water.

FIG. 58 is a view showing a fifth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention. This construction is shown in FIGS.
The planting block (2) consisting of a square tubular block as shown in Fig. 7 and the root growing block (3) are stacked to a certain height, and the lengthwise direction of the block is placed on the downstream riverbed where the river becomes steep. Is installed so that it faces the direction crossing the river,
It constitutes a head work. At this time, the entire block is integrally fixed using a fixing means such as a rope or a bolt to prevent the block from being moved or collapsed by a water flow. In addition, a rubber plate or the like is interposed between the blocks in order to prevent the outflow of the soil in the blocks due to the water flow. According to this construction structure, scouring of the riverbed is prevented, and the gradient of the river channel is stably maintained, and at the same time, the water quality is improved by planting the drainage plant and the submerged plant in the planting block (2). It will be purified and provide a place for spawning and living space for fish.

FIG. 59 is a perspective view showing a sixth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention. In this construction structure, a planting block (2) composed of a regular hexagonal cylindrical block and a root growing block (3) are stacked and placed completely underwater (W) at the bottom of a river. As shown in FIG. 60, these blocks (2) and (3) have internal spaces communicating with each other through an opening for root extension and an opening for root introduction, and the roots of the plant (S) are connected to the entire block. Can be stretched over. Although illustration is omitted, the same applies to the construction structure of other embodiments. At this time,
It is preferable that the entire block is integrally fixed using a fixing means such as a rope or a bolt, so that the block can be prevented from moving or collapsing due to water flow. Further, in order to prevent the outflow of the soil in the blocks due to the water flow, a rubber plate or the like may be interposed between the contact surfaces of the blocks. In addition, by forming a partition wall in the space inside the block, a hollow part communicating with the outside is formed in the cylinder, and this hollow part has a role as a fishing reef, or oyster shell etc. Helping them create an ecosystem where plants and animals naturally coexist.

FIGS. 61 and 62 show modifications of the sixth embodiment. In the construction according to these modifications, a plurality of blocks are combined so as to have an appropriate space between the blocks, and a rope or the like is used. The fixing means is integrated. In the example shown in FIG. 61, a hexagonal tubular block is used, and in the example shown in FIG. 62, a square tubular block is used. However, a hexagonal tubular block and a square tubular block may be used in combination. It is. According to the building structures according to these modified examples, the blocks themselves play a role of growing plants, and an appropriate space formed between the blocks plays a role of a fishing reef, so that plants and animals naturally become It can create a symbiotic ecosystem. Also, in the construction structure according to these modifications, a hollow portion communicating with the outside is formed in the cylinder by providing a partition wall in the space in the block, and this hollow portion has a role as a fishing reef, Alternatively, nitrogen or phosphorus, which is a cause of eutrophication, can be captured by microorganisms by inserting oyster shells or the like, and in this case, it is possible to create an even more diverse ecosystem.

FIG. 63 shows another modification of the sixth embodiment. The construction according to this modification is such that a plurality of blocks (2) and (3) are closely attached to each other and are laid side by side on the bottom of a river or waterway. In the illustrated example, this construction structure is applied to a three-sided waterway.
In this construction, the blocks can be erected, laid down, laid up in piles or valleys,
They can be arranged in any manner. Further, the blocks need not be fixed to each other, but are preferably fixed and integrated to prevent movement due to water flow. According to this construction structure, scouring of the riverbed is prevented by the plurality of blocks being closely arranged. In addition, by arranging large and small blocks, a suitable space is formed as a habitat for fish, and a turbulent flow at the lower end of the water depth creates a favorable environment for the growth of aquatic organisms. Also,
By putting oyster shell inside the block, the water quality is purified,
In addition, it can be used as a spawning ground for fish by adding sand and pebbles.
Further, if some blocks are provided so as to protrude from the water surface as shown in the figure, oxygen in the air enters together with the turbulent flow to purify the water quality. In addition, submerged plants can be grown in blocks that are underwater, and drawn plants can be grown in blocks that protrude from the water surface.

FIG. 64 is a perspective view showing a seventh embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention. In the construction structure according to the seventh embodiment, a plurality of blocks (2) and (3) are combined with a buoyant object (38) such as a bladder and integrated to form a floating island floating on the water surface such as a lake, swamp, or dam. Things. This floating island is
An anchor block (39) is installed at the bottom of a lake or the like, and is connected to the anchor block (39) by a rope (40) to prevent movement. The blocks used in this embodiment can be aerated or styrene foam pieces mixed with concrete. Since such a block has a small specific gravity and is lightweight, it has excellent workability in installing the block.
According to this construction structure, a drafting plant can be grown on the planting block (2) protruding from the water surface, and a submerged plant can be grown on the planting block (2) in the underwater part. It becomes possible to purify water quality by absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus. In addition, by living underwater animals such as shrimp and small fish living in shallow places, an ecosystem in which plants and animals coexist is established. Moreover,
It is also possible to create habitats for migratory birds on large lakes. Although not shown, a buoyant object (3
8) By increasing the weight of the anchor block (39) and adjusting the length of the rope (40), the blocks (2) and (3) can be installed in water at a depth of about 1 to 6 m. In such a block, a submerged plant capable of photosynthesis by sunlight can be grown. In addition, if installed in a deep place such as a dam, an effect of two or more birds per stone that significantly works on the water purification action and the food chain with underwater animals will be produced.

FIG. 65 and FIG. 66 are views showing an eighth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention. The construction structure according to the eighth embodiment is installed on the roof of a building, near a wall of a private house, or the like, so that a part of the building is greened with plants. Fig. 65
Fig. 66 shows a state in which the planting block (2) and the root growing block (3) are combined and installed on the roof of the building (B). Fig. 66 shows the planting block (2) and the root growing block (3). Are shown on the wall of a private house (M) in combination. In this construction, for example, assuming that a plant (S) is to be planted with ivy, the plant can be grown along a wall or a roof. According to this construction structure, the rise of the temperature of the roof or the wall is suppressed by the presence of the plant, and accordingly, the rise of the temperature in the room is also suppressed. Therefore, the operation time of the cooler in the summer of the office or home is reduced, and as a result, it is possible to contribute to the prevention of the heat island phenomenon.

[0060]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, by applying the present invention to a slope or a riverbed such as a river or a road, it can play its original role as a seawall or a retaining wall. In addition, the present invention has an excellent effect that various plants can be bred at the installation place to protect animals, and a living space (biotope) for animals and plants can be created. More specifically, for example, on the slope of the road can be planted trees such as ivy and azalea on the slope of the road, canopy plants such as willow on the river bank, and reeds, submerged plants and wetland plants in the water, The growth of these plants exerts the effect of reducing CO ₂ by photosynthesis, the effect of suppressing temperature rise by transpiration, the effect of purifying water quality by absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in water, and thus the prevention of global warming and the heat island phenomenon. Control of water and protection of aquatic organisms can be greatly contributed to the protection of the natural environment.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the root growing block is provided with a root elongation opening for guiding the plant root to another root growing block, the root of the plant is placed in the block. Can be extended sufficiently long in
Plants with long roots can be planted and grown in blocks. According to the invention according to claim 3, the block is provided with a knockout portion that can be punched as necessary,
Since the root elongation opening is formed by punching out the knockout part, a position where the root extends vertically and horizontally through the root elongation opening according to the type of plant to be planted and the installation location of the block, etc. Can be appropriately formed, and a block construction structure excellent in versatility can be obtained. Claim 4
According to the invention according to the above, various plants can be planted on the slopes of rivers, roads, and the like to be greened, and since the back side has a wall shape, the roots of the plants invade the backing portion and are held. The collapse of walls and the like can be prevented.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a part of a cloth or valley-retained retaining wall constructed by a conventional stacking block that is piled up by existing manpower is replaced, or a conventional stacking block is replaced with a conventional stacking block. It becomes possible to construct a new retaining wall or the like by hybridizing, and it is possible to very easily and economically expand a growing space for animals and plants. According to the invention according to claim 6, since the water accumulated in the block can be drained to the outside, it is possible to prevent collapse of the retaining wall and the like due to water pressure such as root rot of plants and underground water. According to the invention according to claim 7, when the planted plant withers, the plant can be easily replaced with a new plant, or refilling or replacing the soil or the like stored in the block can be easily performed. .

According to the invention of claim 8, it is possible to supply rainwater to the plants planted in the block, and to supply water to the plants by spraying water into the drainage gutter during the drought season in the summer, thereby Plants can be prevented from withering. According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the plant can be grown in a state where it protrudes on the slope, which is excellent in aesthetic appearance. In an emergency or the like, the projecting block is used as a foothold to easily go up and down the slope. be able to. According to the tenth aspect, the backfill concrete is prevented from entering the inside of the block from the open surface of the block. According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the back surface protruding portion is fixed by the backing concrete, and the stacked blocks can be firmly fixed. According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, the slope is reinforced by the reinforcing block region, so that the strength is excellent and the collapse of the retaining wall or the like can be prevented.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, a drafting plant or a submerged plant is planted in the planting block,
This will not only purify the water, but also provide a place for spawning fish and a living space. Further, the water stored by the weir can be used as emergency fire extinguishing water in the event of an earthquake, fire, or the like, or can be used during a drought period in summer. In addition, it can be installed at low cost on three-sided floor concrete, and the installation makes a shallow flute upstream of the weir, and the weir itself forms a stream, so that it is possible to constantly water. According to the invention according to claim 14, scouring of the riverbed is prevented, the slope of the river channel can be stably maintained, and the water quality is purified by the drainage plants and submerged plants vegetated in the block. . Claim 15
According to the invention, scouring of the riverbed can be prevented by the plurality of blocks closely mounted. In addition, the plants vegetated in the planting block absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to purify the water quality, so that the underwater plants can extend their roots long in the block. Furthermore, by providing an appropriate space between the blocks, a spawning place and a living space for fish are provided, and a diverse ecosystem is constructed.

According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, by integrating a plurality of blocks, the weight of the entire block as an integral member increases, and the block does not flow even during a severe flood. According to the invention according to claim 17, a water-extracted plant is formed on a water surface such as a lake, a swamp, or a dam.
In the water, submerged plants can be propagated in blocks constituting floating islands, respectively, and the water quality is purified by these plants. In addition, floating islands floating on large lakes and the like can be habitats for migratory birds to fly. Furthermore, in deep water dams, etc., it is possible to create a new underwater ecosystem by installing it in a location where it stops in water at a depth of about 1 to 6 m where sunlight required for submerged plants reaches. it can. According to the invention according to claim 18, the hollow portion formed in the block serves as a place where fish is laid or a spawning place, and furthermore, an oyster shell or the like is put in the hollow portion to further improve the water purification action by propagation of microorganisms. Becomes

According to the nineteenth aspect of the present invention, plants can be grown and greened on the roof or wall of a building or a private house, so that the temperature rise in the room in the summer can be suppressed and the operating time of the cooler can be reduced. In addition, power consumption is reduced, and an increase in outside air temperature due to exhaust heat from the outdoor unit is suppressed, which can also help prevent a heat island phenomenon in an urban area. According to the twentieth aspect of the present invention, since the block is formed by fabric or valley stacking a square tubular shape, a substantially concave cross-sectional shape, and a square-shaped block as appropriate, it is possible to provide the block at low cost. In addition, the stacking is easy, the workability is excellent, and the combination with the existing stacking block is also easy. Since the invention according to claim 21 is constructed by stacking hexagonal cylindrical blocks, the blocks can be stably stacked and the appearance after stacking is excellent.

According to the twenty-second aspect of the present invention, a large number of irregularities formed on the block or a rough surface lacking these irregularities with a hammer or the like appropriately creates a shade on a slope on land and raises the temperature of the soil. Creates an environment suitable for the growth of plants and insects, and in the water, algae and moss adhere to the irregularities, making it easier to propagate, and arthropod insects that reciprocate on land and underwater can easily use the irregularities Will be able to go up and down. According to the invention according to claim 23, the gap between the blocks is closed by a thin plate material such as a rubber plate, so that the retaining wall collapses due to the intrusion of the root into the backfill part, the outflow of the soil into the water, and the like. Can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a plant growing block construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a plant growing block construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a planting block having a substantially concave cross section.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a root growing block having a substantially concave cross section.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a root growing block having a substantially concave cross section.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a block provided with a knockout portion.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a block provided with a knockout portion.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a block provided with another form of knockout portion.

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state before and after punching of the knockout portion shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a pipe used in the knockout section shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a block provided with another form of a knockout portion.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a block having a rear surface protruding portion.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a block having a rear surface protruding portion.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a block having a rear surface protruding portion.

FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view showing a construction state of a block having a rear surface protruding portion.

FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a construction state of a block having a substantially concave cross-section having a rear surface protruding portion made of a reinforcing bar.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a block having a rear surface protrusion made of a reinforcing bar.

FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a construction state of a square tubular block having a rear surface protruding portion made of a reinforcing bar.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a block having unevenness on a side surface.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a state in which a part of the unevenness of the block having unevenness on the side surface is partially removed by a hammer or the like.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing an example of a square-shaped planting block.

FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing an example of a square-shaped root growing block.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing an example of a square-growing root growing block.

FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing an example of a lid attached to the upper open surface of the square block.

FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing a block in a form in which a substantially concave cross section block and a square block block are combined.

FIG. 26 is a view showing an example of how to make a block having a substantially concave cross section.

FIG. 27 is a schematic sectional view showing a modified example of the construction structure according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a perspective view showing an example of a planting block having a protrusion.

FIG. 29 is a perspective view showing an example of a planting block having a protrusion.

FIG. 30 is a perspective view showing an example of a planting block having a protrusion.

FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing an example of a planting block having a protrusion.

FIG. 32 is a perspective view showing an example of a planting block having a protrusion.

FIG. 33 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the plant growing block construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a perspective view showing a state in which a lid is applied to an upper end surface of a block having a substantially concave cross section.

FIG. 35 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a method of connecting blocks.

FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing an example of a square tubular planting block.

FIG. 37 is a perspective view showing an example of a square tube-shaped root growing block.

FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating an example of how to provide an opening.

FIG. 39 is a perspective view showing a state in which cloth is stacked using a square tubular block.

FIG. 40 is a front view showing a state in which the planting blocks are projected from the slope and are stacked in a valley using a rectangular tubular block.

FIG. 41 is a perspective view showing a state in which the planting blocks are projected from the slope and are stacked in a trough using a rectangular cylindrical block.

FIG. 42 is a front view showing a state in which the planting blocks are projected from the slope and are stacked in a valley using a rectangular tubular block.

FIG. 43 is a perspective view showing a state in which the planting blocks are projected from the slopes and valleys are piled up using a rectangular tubular block.

FIG. 44 is a perspective view showing a lid attached to the open end surface of the rectangular tubular block.

FIG. 45 is a perspective view showing a state in which a square square block and a square tubular block are combined and laid up.

FIG. 46 is a perspective view showing a state in which a rectangular tubular block and a block having a substantially concave cross section are combined and laid.

FIG. 47 is a perspective view showing a state in which a stack is performed by combining a square block, a square tubular block, and a block having a substantially concave cross section.

FIG. 48 is a perspective view showing a state in which valley stacking is performed by combining a square block and a square tubular block.

FIG. 49 is a perspective view showing a state in which valley stacking is performed by combining a square block, a square tubular block, and a block with a substantially concave cross section.

FIG. 50 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 51 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 52 is a perspective view showing a lid attached to an open end surface of a hexagonal cylindrical block.

FIG. 53 is a diagram showing an example of a water supply structure in the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a diagram showing an example of a drainage structure in the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 55 is a diagram showing an example of a drainage structure in the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 56 is a diagram showing a slope having a plant growing block area and a reinforcing block area.

FIG. 57 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 58 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 59 is a perspective view showing a sixth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 60 is a schematic sectional view of a construction structure of a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 61 is a perspective view showing a modification of the sixth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a perspective view showing a modification of the sixth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 63 is a perspective view showing a modification of the sixth embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a perspective view showing a seventh embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 65 is a perspective view showing a seventh embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 66 is a perspective view showing a seventh embodiment of the construction structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 67 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional stacking block.

FIG. 68 is a diagram showing a part of a retaining wall constructed by a conventional stacking block.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 2 Planting block 3 Root growing block 4 Bud stem opening 5 Root growing opening of planting block 8 Root introduction opening 9 Root growing opening of root growing block 11 Backing portion 13 Outside drainage opening Part 15 Outer drainage pipe 18 Lid 22 Water guide member 22a Water guide gutter 22b Water guide pipe 23 Inner drainage opening 24 Inner drainage pipe 25 Pipe 26 Small hole 27 Thin plate material 29 Knockout part 30 Backside projection 34 Projection A Sectional cross section Branch symbol of a concave block B Branch symbol of a square tubular block C Branch symbol of a square square block K River S Plant M Bud or stem N Root W Water (water surface) X Plant growing block area Y Reinforcement block area

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) A01G 31/00 604 A01G 31/00 604 606 606 E02D 17/20 102 E02D 17/20 102E 103 103H 29/02 304 29/02 304 311 311 312 312 E04C 1/39 E04C 1/39 KW (72) Inventor Rikako Wakabayashi 107-8 Oiwakecho 107, Kusatsu-shi, Shiga (72) Inventor Akiko Yamauchi 107, Oiwakecho 107, Kusatsu-shi, Shiga -8 F term (reference) 2B022 AB02 AB04 AB08 BA02 BA12 BA14 2B027 NC02 NC05 NC13 NC15 NC17 NC21 NC36 NC41 ND02 ND13 NE02 NE06 NE09 QA04 QA05 QB03 QB14 QB22 QC23 QC28 RA05 2B314 MA62 NA05 NA09 NA22 NC06 NC40 NC53 PC24 PCD 2D048 AA32 BA01 BA04 CA01 CA11

Claims (23)

[Claims] 1. A plant growing block comprising a plurality of concrete blocks each having an inner space and containing a root supporting material for extending a plant root such as soil in an inner space formed by combining a plurality of concrete blocks having an inner space. A building structure, comprising a combination of a planting block in which a plant is planted, and a root growing block for extending a root of the plant planted in the planting block, wherein the planting block includes a plant. An opening for a bud stem for projecting a bud or a stem outwardly, and an opening for root extension provided at a contact surface with the root growing block are provided, and the opening for root extension is provided in the root growing block. A plant breeding block construction structure comprising a root introduction opening for guiding the root of a plant that has exited from a part into the inside. 2. The root growing block according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the root growing blocks is provided with a root extension opening for guiding a plant root to another root growing block. The plant cultivation block construction structure according to the above. 3. The planting block or the root growing block is provided with a knockout portion that can be punched out as necessary, and the knockout portion is punched out to form a root extension opening. The plant cultivation block construction structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. A construction structure for constructing a slope such as a river or a road, wherein the blocks are stacked so as to form a wall on a back surface side and a structure for preventing roots from entering a backing portion. The structure for constructing a plant growing block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: 5. The height and width of a square surface located on the front side of the slope of the block are set to the same dimensions as existing blocks to be piled by manpower, and rivers and roads constructed from the existing blocks are provided. The plant cultivation block construction structure according to claim 4, characterized in that it can be applied in place of part or all of the pile blocks of the slope. 6. The plant growing block construction structure according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the blocks is provided with a drainage opening for draining water accumulated in the block. . 7. The plant growing plant according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the blocks is provided with an opening with a lid for replanting the planted plant. Block building structure. 8. A water guide member for guiding rainfall or the like is provided in the block, and the water guide member includes a water guide gutter receiving rainfall or the like and a water guide pipe for guiding water from the water guide gutter into the block. The structure for constructing a plant growing block according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: 9. The planting block according to claim 4, wherein the planting block is formed so as to protrude from another block constituting a slope, and the projecting portion is provided with an opening for a bud stem.
9. The structure for constructing a plant growing block according to any one of claims to 8. 10. The plant growing block construction structure according to claim 4, wherein a cover for preventing backfill concrete from entering the inside of the block is attached to an open surface of the block. 11. A back surface protruding portion is provided on a surface opposite to a side forming a slope of a block, the rear surface protruding portion being protruded toward a back concrete placing position. A structure for constructing a plant cultivation block according to Crab. 12. A plant growing block area comprising a set of blocks accommodating the root support material in an internal space and a reinforcement comprising a set of blocks in which concrete is injected into an internal space, on a slope composed of a large number of blocks. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the block areas are provided in a mixed manner.
2. The structure for constructing a plant cultivation block according to any one of 1. 13. The plant growing block building structure according to claim 1, wherein the building structure is a building structure in which a plurality of blocks are stacked and integrated to constitute a weir such as a river or a waterway. . 14. The plant cultivation block construction structure according to claim 1, wherein the construction structure is such that a plurality of blocks are stacked and integrated to constitute a head work such as a river. 15. The plant cultivation block construction structure according to claim 1, wherein the construction structure is a construction structure in which a plurality of blocks are closely attached to each other and installed on a riverbed surface such as a river. 16. The structure according to claim 15, wherein the plurality of blocks are integrated. 17. A structure in which a plurality of blocks are combined with a buoyant object to be integrated, and a floating island floating on the water surface such as a lake, a swamp, a dam, or the like, or a construction structure stopped at a constant water depth. 3. The structure for constructing a plant growing block according to any one of 3). 18. A partition wall is formed in a space in the block, and a hollow portion communicating with the outside and not containing the root support member is formed in the block by the partition wall. 18. The structure for constructing a plant growing block according to any one of claims 17 to 17. 19. The plant cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the plant is constructed on a roof of a building, near a wall of a private house, or the like, so that a part of the building is greened with plants. Block building structure. 20. The plant according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the plant is constructed by laminating or arranging square blocks, substantially concave cross sections, or square square blocks as appropriate. Training block construction structure. 21. The plant growing block construction structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is constructed by stacking hexagonal cylindrical blocks. 22. The plant growing block construction structure according to claim 1, wherein a number of irregularities are formed on a surface of the block other than a surface in contact with another block. 23. A thin plate made of a rubber plate or the like is interposed between adjacent blocks to prevent roots from penetrating into the backfill part or to prevent root support materials such as soil from flowing out into water. The structure for constructing a plant growing block according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that: