JP2001353205A - Soil disinfecting method and self-advancing earth burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive and easily operable soil disinfecting method and a self-advancing earth burner for a general farmer for eliminating damage to farm products by disease and insect pests by enhancing a disinfecting effect by burning earth by radiating flame by rolling and staying soil in the air while self-advancing on a paddy field. SOLUTION: These soil disinfecting method and self-advancing earth burner for disinfecting the soil by continuously springing up the soil into a cover member 7 by a cultivating rotary 6 of a reelby tractor body 1, putting the soil in a state of staying in the air for a short time by rolling and fining this soil by an agitating rotary 8 arranged in the cover member 7 raises temperature of the soil by the earth buring action of the flame by simultaneously radiating the flame toward the soil from a flame radiating port 13 of a high temperature oil burner 10 to disinfect the sail.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soil disinfecting method in which a soil is rolled and stayed in the air while radiating a flame while self-propelled in a field or the like for disinfecting the soil, thereby burning the soil. The present invention relates to a method and a self-propelled earthmoving apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Damage of pests has conventionally been a major problem in the production of agricultural crops, and particularly in the cultivation of facility horticulture, facility vegetables, open-field ginger, etc., the amount of labor and capital invested is large. It often sounds loud. Therefore, it is an important issue how to prevent pest damage from crops. Above all, it is difficult to control soil-borne pests in many cases, and as a countermeasure, disinfection of soil by means of avoiding continuous cropping, using resistant varieties, renewing floor soil, and using chemicals is generally performed.

[0003] Among the above-mentioned various methods, a method using a drug, for example, methyl bromide, which is known as a versatile pesticide for horticultural soil disinfection, has extremely high weed removal and pest control effects, and is simple to use and cost effective. It is widely used because it is inexpensive. For example, in cultivation of open-field ginger, a method is used in which vinyl is put on the whole field, a cylinder of methyl bromide is installed inside, and the house is sealed and sprayed into the facility with a timed device. It is said to be harmless to farmers and crops. On the other hand, it has been pointed out that almost half of the amount of methyl bromide used for horticultural use is released into the atmosphere, and some public opinion is concerned about the effect on the ozone layer.

[0004]

In recent years, as a part of global environmental protection, various regulatory frameworks have been applied to drugs conventionally used. For example, the above-mentioned methyl bromide, which is known as the most effective all-purpose soil disinfectant, has been determined to be totally abolished by the international conference in 1997 at the international conference in 1997 as being the next ozone-depleting substance in addition to specific freon gas. At present, production is gradually decreasing.

[0005] Dazomet, carbum, chlorpicrin and the like as agents which substitute for methyl bromide have been found to be effective against weeding and soil pests, and to be used at substantially the same cost as methyl bromide. However, if these alternative chemicals are used, it takes one month to degas after disinfection, and it is difficult to respond to crops such as melons and lilies that are managed three times a year by cropping. There is a problem.

[0006] For the crops of the above-mentioned cropping system three times a year, it is necessary to disinfect the soil in about seven days from the viewpoint of management efficiency, and a steam disinfection method can be considered as a means for solving this problem. The disinfection device is expensive, and there is a problem that it cannot be introduced by ordinary farmers in view of cost. Furthermore, steam disinfection is a method that utilizes the latent heat released when steam condenses through the steam directly into the soil.In order to increase the disinfection efficiency, avoid places with a high moisture content in the soil and well till the soil. It is necessary to make it easy to pass steam by flattening, and to perform tillage work to remove gas in the soil even after disinfection.
Therefore, it is necessary to perform the disinfection and disinfection for 10 to 40 minutes on a certain farmland, and to repeat the same operation after moving to the next farmland, requiring much time and labor until the work is completed. Problem. In some cases, the soil on the farmland to be disinfected is partially removed and the disinfected safe soil is replaced as flooring, but this method also has the disadvantage of requiring a lot of time and labor. .

Further, there is a research result that maintaining the soil at a high temperature for a long time is not preferable because of the soil.
That is, it has been reported that steam disinfection decomposes organic matter and generates nitrate ammonia (NH ₃ -N), and the amount of the generated fertilized land increases, and lime is sprayed on the soil. It has been pointed out that the amount of production also increases. Therefore, it is necessary to pay close attention to fertilizer management after steam disinfection. As described above, steam disinfection requires nearly three times as much time, labor and labor as disinfection by chemicals, is expensive, and includes the above-mentioned negative element, so that there is much room for improvement.

On the other hand, disinfection by the clay method has been recently studied, and a lisapet soil-burning machine has been put into practical use. By using this Lisapet soil-burning machine, the synergistic effect of the effective fertilizer absorption and the control effect of soil-borne pests,
Both the plant height and the number of nodes are 10c in the treated area compared to the untreated area
Good results have been reported with a win of m to 20 cm. However, the treatment with the Lisapet soil-burning machine uses a fuel burner attached to the equipment, while the operator carries the fuel tank, pulls it with human power, adjusts the depth with the soil-stirring claws, and plows the soil. Is used to cover soil with a ridge.
To work while spraying a 200 ° C flame and heating the soil to 80 ° C, work for 5 hours a day for 20 tsubo (soil 25
(Tons), and it is not widely used because it is a low-efficiency and labor-intensive disinfection method.

Further, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 62-172305 discloses a soil disinfecting device in which a kerosene burner is attached to the rear of a claw of a cultivator so that a flame and hot air are blown into the soil. However, since this soil disinfector simply blows flame and hot air into the soil immediately after cultivating the surface of the soil with the cultivator's nails, the soil disinfection effect is not perfect, and the damage of the crop by the pests that occur after disinfection is not sufficient. The problem remains that it cannot be completely eliminated.

Therefore, the present invention solves the above problems,
Rolling and retaining soil in the air while self-propelled in a field, etc., radiating fire and burning soil, enhancing disinfection effect and eliminating damage to crops by pests, and not existing in the conventional agricultural machine market An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and easy-to-operate soil disinfection method and a self-propelled sintering device for farmers.

[0011]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the soil is continuously jumped up into a cover member by a cultivating rotary of a riding tractor body, and the soil is disposed in the cover member. It is rolled and refined by a rotary to stay in the air for a short time, and at the same time, a flame is radiated toward the soil from the flame emission port of the high-temperature oil burner, and the soil is heated by the burning action of the flame. The basic method is a soil disinfection method and a self-propelled sintering device.

More specifically, the rotating force is transmitted from the driving source of the riding tractor body to the tillage rotary to continuously flip up the soil into the cover member, and the soil is lifted in the space defined by the cover member and the bottom plate. Rolled and refined by the stirring rotary and kept in the air for a short time while being conveyed in the rear direction, and directed toward the soil from the flame emission port of the high-temperature oil burner provided on the upper wall surface of the cover member. The flame is radiated, and the soil is heated and disinfected by the burning soil effect of the flame. A high-temperature fan is provided on the upper wall surface of the cover member to dissipate high-temperature air toward the soil, thereby enhancing the effect of raising the soil.

[0013] Further, a soil-burning device is constituted by the cover member, the stirring rotary and a high-temperature fan and a high-temperature oil burner disposed on the upper wall surface of the cover member, and the soil-burning device is used as an attachment of the self-propelled riding tractor body. To equip.
Instead of the riding tractor, a manual tiller having an operation rod may be used.

According to the soil disinfection method and the self-propelled earthmoving apparatus, when the operation of the riding tractor main body is started in the agricultural land to be disinfected, the cultivation rotary is rotated by the driving source of the riding tractor main body and the soil is rotated. Is continuously rolled up to the stirring rotary side, and while the soil is conveyed in the rear direction by a plurality of stirring rotaries in the space defined by the cover member and the bottom plate, the soil is rolled and refined, and the soil is left in the air for a short time It will be in a state of stay. At this time, the flame is radiated toward the soil from the flame radiating port of the high-temperature oil burner arranged on the upper wall of the cover member. You can do it. At this time, high-temperature air is radiated from the high-temperature fan to enhance the soil jumping action.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Specific embodiments of a soil disinfection method and a self-propelled earthmoving apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a rear side view of FIG. In the figure, 1 is a passenger tractor body, 1a is a driver's seat, 1b is a driver's seat 1a.
The engine generator 2 and the refueling tank 3 are arranged on the gantry 1b. A drive shaft 4 projects from the riding tractor body 1 obliquely downward on the rear R side.
A tillage rotary 6 is rotatably attached to a lower end portion of a connecting rod 5 coupled to the tiller.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a cover member having a hollow portion,
The cover member 7 is fixed to the connecting rod 5 and has a substantially mountain-shaped bottom plate 7a. The cultivation rotary 6 is located inside the cover member 7 on the front side of the bottom plate 7a. As shown in FIG. 2, the right and left ends 6b and 6c of the support rod 6a supporting the cultivation rotary 6 are cover members. 7 is pivotally supported.

Numerals 8 and 8 denote a plurality of stirring rotaries provided inside the cover member 7 above the bottom plate 7a. The left and right ends 8b and 8c of the support rod 8a for supporting the stirring rotary 8 are the same. At one end of the cover member 7.

A high-temperature fan 9 and high-temperature oil burners 10, 10 are provided on the upper wall surface of the cover member 7,
It is configured to emit high-temperature air and flame toward the inside of the cover member 7. The cultivating rotary 6 is capable of cultivating farmland by transmitting a rotational force from a driving source of the riding tractor body 1 by a driving force transmitting mechanism such as a chain (not shown).

The earthenware apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a cover member 7, a stirring rotary 8 and a high-temperature fan 9 and a high-temperature oil burner 10 disposed on the upper wall surface of the cover member 7 as main components. One of the features of the present invention is that the soil device is provided as an attachment to the self-propelled riding tractor body 1.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the structure of the high-temperature oil burner 10, and FIG.
Reference numeral 0 denotes a high-output burner that does not consume electric power for preheating the fuel.
1, which burns oil supplied in an oil supply pipe 12 led out from the oil supply tank 3 to burn the flame emission ports 13, 1 of the high-temperature oil burners 10, 10.
3 is configured to emit a flame. The direction in which the flame is emitted from the flame emission ports 13 is adjustable.

FIGS. 6 to 9 show a first stirring rotary 8d, a second stirring rotary 8e,
FIG. 7 is an external view showing a configuration example of a third stirring rotary 8f and a fourth stirring rotary 8g. In a first stirring rotary 8d shown in FIG. 6, cylindrical bodies 14 are arranged around a support rod 8a. Stirring blades 15, 15 are provided on the outer wall surfaces of the cylindrical bodies 14, 14 in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the riding tractor body 1.
Has been fixed. Second stirring rotary 8e shown in FIG.
A plurality of annular blades 16, 16 are arranged around the support rod 8a, and the stirring blades 17, 17 are fixed to the outer wall surfaces of the annular blades 16, 16 in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. In a third stirring rotary 8f shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of annular bodies 18 are arranged around a support rod 8a.
Agitating blades 1 on the outer wall surface 18 in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction.
9 and 19 are fixed. A fourth stirring rotary 8g shown in FIG. 9 includes a plurality of flanges 2 fixed to a support rod 8a.
The rods 21 and 21 are arranged between the circumferences of 0 and 20 and the stirring blades 2 are arranged on the rods 21 and 21 in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction.
2, 22 are fixed.

The operation of the self-propelled earth-burning apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the schematic operation diagram of FIG. First, the driver's seat 1 of the riding tractor body 1 in the farmland where the soil is disinfected.
The operator sits on a and starts driving. Then, the rotational force is transmitted from the drive source of the riding tractor body 1 to the tillage rotary 6 by a drive force transmission mechanism such as a chain via the drive shaft 4 and the connecting rod 5, and the tillage rotary 6 is indicated by an arrow A. To rotate the soil continuously toward the stirring rotary 8 in the cover member 7.

The stirring rotary 8 is composed of the first stirring rotary 8d, the second stirring rotary 8e, the third stirring rotary 8f, and the fourth stirring rotary 8g as described above. 8e, 8f, 8g are rotating clockwise as indicated by arrows B, B, respectively.
And the rear R while rolling by the respective stirring rotary units 8d, 8e, 8f and 8g in the space defined by the bottom plate 7a.
While transported in the direction, it is finely divided and stays in the air for a short time.

Power is supplied from the engine generator 2 to the electric blower 11 disposed on the upper wall of the cover member 7 at the same time as the operation of the riding tractor body 1 is started. Burner 10,1
The fuel is burned in the space 0 and the flame is radiated from the flame radiating ports 13 and 13 toward the soil in the cover member 7. The soil is tumbled and refined so that it absorbs heat most easily. The soil is heated to a predetermined temperature by the burning action of the flame, and the desired soil is continuously disinfected. At this time, high-temperature air is radiated from the high-temperature fan 9 to enhance the soil jumping action.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a rear side view of FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. This is an example in which the earth-burning apparatus according to the present invention is applied to a manual cultivator 24 having an operating rod 23. That is, the drive shaft 4 protrudes obliquely downward on the rear R side from the cultivator main body 25 having the front wheels 25a, and the cultivation rotary 6 is rotatably attached to the connecting rod 5 coupled to the drive shaft 4. ing. Further, the cover member 7 formed in a cylindrical shape
Is integrally formed with the connecting rod 5, and a support rod 26 is rotatably supported inside the cover member 7. The support rod 26 is provided with a spiral screw-shaped stirring rotary 27.
Are fixed in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction. A high-temperature oil burner 10 is provided on the upper wall surface of the cover member 7, and is configured to emit a flame toward the inside of the cover member 7. Rotational force is transmitted to the cultivator rotary 6 from a drive source of the cultivator body 25 by a drive force transmission mechanism such as a chain. The illustration of the engine generator 2 and the fuel tank 3 used in the first embodiment is omitted.

According to the second embodiment, when an operator starts the self-propelled operation of the cultivator main body 25 by gripping the operation rod 23 in the agricultural land where the soil is disinfected, the cultivator main body 2 is started.
Rotational force is transmitted from the drive source 5 to the tillage rotary 6 via the drive shaft 4 and the connecting rod 5, and the tillage rotary 6 rotates counterclockwise to flip up the soil into the cover member 7. . The soil that has been flipped up by the cultivation rotary 6 is refined while being conveyed in the rear R direction while being rolled by the stirring rotary 27 in the space defined by the cover member 7 and stays in the air for a short time. State.
At this time, oil is supplied from a refueling tank (not shown) to a high-temperature oil burner 10 disposed on the upper wall surface of the cover member 7 and burns, and a flame is radiated from the flame radiating port 13 toward the soil. The temperature is raised to a predetermined temperature, and the target soil is continuously disinfected by the burning soil effect.

[0027]

As described above in detail, according to the method for disinfecting soil and the self-propelled earthmoving apparatus according to the present invention, the operation of the riding tractor main body on the farmland to be disinfected allows the riding to be carried out. The earth-burning device installed as an attachment to the tractor body works, and the soil that has been continuously flipped up by the cultivating rotary of the riding tractor body is rolled and refined while being transported by the stirring rotary and stays in the air. In this case, the target soil can be continuously disinfected by the flame radiated from the flame radiating port of the high-temperature oil burner. Accordingly, crop damage caused by pests can be completely eliminated.

According to the present invention, it is possible to sufficiently cope with the present invention without using methyl bromide, which is an effective universal soil disinfectant but is known as an ozone depleting substance.
It is very effective against weeding and soil pests. In addition, a lot of time and labor are not required as in the case of moving the soil of the farmland to be disinfected and replacing the safe soil as floor soil, the operation of the operator is simple and special skill is required. do not do. Even if a manual cultivator having an operation rod is used in place of the riding tractor, the manual cultivator runs on its own, so that a large amount of labor is not required for the operator.

In the disinfection by the burning method, the nitrogen and potassium phosphates in the soil are remarkably effective, the absorption of fertilizer is promoted, the effect of removing weed seeds is high, and viruses, bacteria, It is effective against soil-borne diseases caused by filamentous fungi and nematodes.

In addition, since the degassing operation after disinfection is not required as in the case of using a chemical substitute for methyl bromide, for example, dazomet, carbum, chlorpicrin, etc., the time required for the operation to be completed is shortened, and The efficiency is improved, and it is particularly effective when applied to crops such as melons and lilies that are managed three times a year. Further, since the apparatus itself is not expensive as in the case of the steam disinfection method, ordinary farmers can easily introduce the apparatus even in consideration of cost.

Since disinfection by flame radiation does not maintain the soil at a high temperature for a long time, there is no generation of nitrate ammonia due to decomposition of organic substances, and no problem occurs even if lime is sprayed on the soil. Therefore, fertilization management after disinfection is facilitated.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the self-propelled earth-moving apparatus automatically rolls and stays the soil in the air while burning in the field and burns the earth by flame radiation, thereby generating harmful substances from the environmental aspect. It does not exist in the conventional agricultural machinery market, and it has general versatility that can be widely spread, including general facility horticulture farmers, open-field ginger cultivation farmers, and general farmers such as rice farmers. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and easy-to-operate soil disinfection method and a self-propelled sintering device that can eliminate damage beforehand.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a configuration of a high-temperature oil burner.

FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an operation schematic diagram of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an external view showing a first stirring rotary.

FIG. 7 is an external view showing a second stirring rotary.

FIG. 8 is an external view showing a third stirring rotary.

FIG. 9 is an external view showing a fourth stirring rotary.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a rear side view of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Riding tractor main body 2 ... Engine generator 3 ... Refueling tank 4 ... Drive shaft 5 ... Connecting rod 6 ... Tillage rotary 7 ... Cover member 7a ... Bottom plate 8, 27 ... Stirring rotary 8d ... First stirring rotary 8e ... First 2 stirring rotary 8f 3rd stirring rotary 8g 4th stirring rotary 9 high temperature fan 10 high temperature oil burner 11 electric blower 12 oil supply pipe 13 flame emission port 14 cylindrical body 15, 17, 19 , 22 ... stirring blade 16 ... annular blade 18 ... annular body 20 ... flange 21 ... rod 23 ... operating rod 24 ... manual cultivator reference number P3118

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. The soil is continuously jumped up into a cover member by a cultivating rotary of a riding tractor body, and the soil is rolled and refined by a stirring rotary arranged in the cover member and stays in the air for a short time. A method for disinfecting soil, characterized in that the flame is radiated from the flame emission port of the high-temperature oil burner toward the soil at the same time, and the soil is heated and disinfected by the burning action of the flame. 2. A rotary power is transmitted from a drive source of a riding tractor body to a tillage rotary to continuously flip up soil into a cover member, and the soil is agitated in a space defined by the cover member and a bottom plate. As a result of a short period of time being held in the air while being conveyed in the rear direction after being rolled and refined, the flame is directed toward the soil from the flame emission port of the high-temperature oil burner provided on the upper wall surface of the cover member. And disinfecting the soil by radiating water and raising the temperature of the soil by the burning soil effect of the flame. 3. A high-temperature fan is provided on an upper wall surface of the cover member to radiate high-temperature air toward the soil, thereby enhancing a jumping action of the soil. 3. The method for disinfecting soil according to item 1. 4. A tillage rotary is rotatably mounted on a lower end of a connecting rod connected to a drive shaft of a riding tractor body, and a plurality of agitation rotary is disposed inside a cover member fixed to the connecting rod. A self-propelled sintering apparatus characterized in that a high-temperature oil burner that emits a flame toward soil that has been rolled and refined by a stirring rotary is disposed on an upper wall surface of the cover member. 5. A lower end portion of a connecting rod which is provided with an engine generator and an oil supply tank in a riding tractor body, projects a drive shaft obliquely downward on the rear side from the riding tractor body, and is connected to the drive shaft. A cultivating rotary is rotatably mounted on the cover member, and a cover member connected to the connecting rod is provided with a mountain-shaped bottom plate, and a plurality of stirring rotaries are arranged inside the cover member and above the bottom plate. A self-propelled sinter, characterized in that a high-temperature fan and a high-temperature oil burner that radiate high-temperature air and flame toward the soil rolled and refined by the stirring rotary are arranged on the upper wall surface of the cover member. apparatus. 6. A sintering device comprising the cover member, a stirring rotary and a high-temperature fan and a high-temperature oil burner disposed on an upper wall surface of the cover member, and the sintering device is used as an attachment for a self-propelled riding tractor body. The self-propelled sintering apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the self-propelled sintering apparatus is provided. 7. A manual cultivator having an operation rod in place of the riding tractor.
Or the self-propelled sintering apparatus according to 6.