JP2001161842A - Fire smoke control device jointly equipped with smoke discharging system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire smoke control device jointly equipped with a smoke discharging system, which can continuously perform a mechanical smoke discharging when a fire occurs, and prevent fire smoke from dispersing. SOLUTION: For this fire smoke control device 41 jointly equipped with a smoke discharging system, the smoke discharging system 25, a smoke discharging port 27, and a fine water mist spraying nozzle 29 for the smoke discharging port are provided. In this case, the smoke discharging system 25 makes compressed air flow into an attached chamber 5 inserted between an evacuation staircase 1 and a residence chamber 3 by a pressurized air feeding fan 19, pressurizes the attached chamber 5 to a higher pressure than the adjacent residence chamber 3, and prevents smoke from flowing from the residence chamber 3 to the attached chamber 5. The smoke discharging port 27 is opened on the ceiling surface 3a of the residence chamber 3, and discharges smoke in the upper layer in the residence chamber to the outside. A plurality of the fine water mist spraying nozzles 29 are arranged on the ceiling surface 3a of the residence chamber 3 in a manner to surround the smoke discharging port 27, and emit a fine water mist in the residence chamber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire and smoke control system combined with a smoke control system for preventing a fire from spreading and spreading in a building provided with a smoke control system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a building fire or the like, the generated smoke forms a smoke layer in the upper part of the fire room, and this smoke layer gradually goes down, and when the smoke reaches a position lower than the upper end of the opening of the living room, this opening is formed. Begins to flow out of the department into the annex room located between the evacuation staircase and the living room. For this reason, it is required that the fire room is isolated from the building by a fire door, a fire prevention smoke prevention shutter, and the like, and that the smoke can be discharged outside the building by a natural smoke outlet or a mechanical smoke exhaust system.

[0003] As this type of smoke exhaust system, there is a pressurized smoke exhaust system in which a high pressure air is supplied from a pressurized air supply fan to a supplementary room in the event of a fire. In this smoke exhaust system, the amount of air supplied is controlled, the pressure in the ancillary room is increased to be higher than the pressure in the room where the fire occurred, and the smoke in the room suppresses the rise in the pressure in the adjacent room. The smoke generated by the fire in the living room can be prevented from flowing into the auxiliary room, and the diffusion of the smoke can be prevented.

[0004]

However, the conventional smoke exhaust system, when the fire spreads and the smoke exhaust temperature rises,
The smoke exhaust damper is closed and stopped to prevent failure due to temperature rise. In such a case, the temperature and pressure of the firebox rises, and the fire smoke leaks out of the fire doors and smoke shutters, etc., and may be diffused into the building. Fire fighting by fire brigade also became difficult. In addition, since the duct used for smoke exhaust passes through a high-temperature fire heat flow and is exposed to high temperatures, it has been necessary to perform heat insulation treatment. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a smoke smoke control device combined with a smoke smoke system that can continuously perform mechanical smoke smoke in the event of a fire, and reduces the pressure increase in a fire room or fire prevention compartment. The purpose is to control and prevent the spread of fire smoke.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire and smoke control apparatus with a smoke exhaust system according to the present invention. A smoke exhaust system that pressurizes air pressure to a higher pressure than the living room adjacent to the living room and prevents the inflow of smoke from the living room to the living room; and a smoke exhaust outlet that exhausts the upper smoke of the living room to the outside. And a plurality of fine water spray nozzles for the smoke outlet, which are disposed on the ceiling surface of the living room and surround the smoke outlet and discharge the fine water spray into the living room.

In this fire smoke control device combined with a smoke exhaust system, the heat capacity of the discharged fine water spray is small,
Due to its large surface area ratio, it instantaneously evaporates when it comes into contact with fire airflow, and cools the high-temperature fire airflow to a temperature free of danger. Since the exhausted fire heat flow is cooled, a rise in the temperature of the smoke exhaust duct is prevented, and continuous smoke exhaust is possible. This prevents the fire smoke from leaking to a place other than the firebox in the building. At the same time, the heat insulation treatment of the smoke exhaust duct can be simplified.

[0007] The fire smoke control device combined with a smoke exhaust system according to claim 2 is disposed on a ceiling surface of the living room near a fireproof wall dividing the living room and the attached room, and attached to an opening of the fireproof wall. And a fine water spray nozzle for the vestibule door that discharges fine water spray around the vestibule door.

[0008] In this fire smoke control device combined with the smoke exhaust system, the fine water spray nozzle for the vestibule door discharges the fine water spray around the vestibule door and cools the high temperature smoke layer. Is possible with a smaller air supply, and the smoke shielding of the smoke exhaust system is enhanced.

The fire smoke control device with a smoke exhaust system according to claim 3, wherein the fine water spray nozzle for the smoke exhaust port and the fine water spray nozzle for the vestibule door are other than the ceiling surface of the living room. A fine water spray nozzle for discharging the whole surface of the living room to the fine water spray nozzle.

[0010] In this fire smoke control system combined with the smoke exhaust system, the fine water spray is discharged to the entire section, and the fine water spray cools the fire airflow, while the fine water spray that has not been vaporized sinks while floating. Absorbs and scatters radiant heat to prevent flashover. This lowers the temperature in the fine water spray discharge section and facilitates continuous smoke removal or smoke suppression by pressurized smoke removal. Further, since the fine water spray has a large total surface area at the time of discharge and is floating, the fine water spray is exhausted while adsorbing smoke generated by a fire, and the efficiency of removing black smoke in the compartment is increased, and visibility is improved.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a smoke and smoke control apparatus combined with a smoke exhaust system according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fire smoke control device combined with a smoke exhaust system according to the present invention. An auxiliary room 5 is provided between the evacuation staircase 1 and the living room 3, and the auxiliary room 5 is partitioned from the evacuation staircase 1 and the living room 3 by a fireproof wall 7 which is a wall. A vestibule door 13 is provided on the fireproof wall 7, and the vestibule door 13 is provided at least between the living room 3 and the anteroom 5.
May be provided on the fireproof wall 7 between the attachment room 5 and the evacuation staircase 1. However, in any case, the vestibule door 13 is freely openable to the vestibule side.

An air supply port 15 is opened in the annex room 5, and the air supply port 15 is connected to a pressurized air supply fan 19 via an air supply duct 17. The pressurized air supply fan 19 is driven to supply the outside air to the auxiliary room 5 from the air supply port 15 as pressurized air.

Further, a smoke exhaust port 21 is opened in the annex room 5,
The smoke exhaust port 21 is connected to a smoke exhaust fan (not shown) via a smoke exhaust duct 23. When the smoke exhaust fan is driven, the smoke in the annex room 5 is sucked from the smoke exhaust port 21 and discharged to the outside. Note that the air supply amount of the smoke exhaust fan is set sufficiently smaller than the air supply amount of the pressurized air supply fan 19.

Accordingly, when compressed air is caused to flow in by the pressurized air supply fan 19, the auxiliary room 5 is pressurized to a higher pressure than the living room 3, and the inflow of smoke from the living room 3 to the auxiliary room 5 is prevented. ing. It should be noted that, in the auxiliary room 5 where the inflow of smoke is prevented by such a configuration, the smoke outlet 21 is provided in a state other than the normal state (for example, when the auxiliary room door 13 is open). This is for exhausting the smoke that has entered the annex room 5.

Annex room 5, fireproof wall 7, annex room door 13, air supply port 1
5. Smoke exhaust system 25 using pressurized air supply fan 19 as main component
Is configured.

A smoke outlet 27 is opened in the ceiling surface 3a of the living room 3, and the smoke outlet 27 exhausts the upper smoke in the living room 3 to the outside. In the illustrated example, the case where the smoke outlet 21 and the smoke outlet 27 are connected by the smoke exhaust duct 23 of the same system is shown as an example. The smoke exhaust port 27 may be of course connected to a smoke exhaust duct of another system.

On the ceiling surface 3a of the living room 3, a plurality of fine water spray nozzles 29 for the smoke outlet are arranged so as to surround the smoke outlet 27,
The smoke outlet fine water spray nozzle 29 is connected to the water supply pipe 31 to discharge the fine water spray around the smoke outlet 27 in the living room 3 in the event of a fire. As the fine water spray, for example, those having an average particle diameter of 50 to 400 μm are discharged.

On the ceiling surface 3a of the living room 3 near the refractory wall 7 that separates the living room 3 from the auxiliary room 5, a fine water spray nozzle 33 for the auxiliary room door is provided. Reference numeral 33 is connected to the water supply pipe 31 so as to discharge fine water spray around the vestibule door 13 in the event of a fire.

Further, a fine water spray nozzle 29 for a smoke exhaust port
A fine water spray nozzle 35 for the entire surface is provided on a ceiling surface portion other than the ceiling surface 3a of the living room 3 where the fine water spray nozzle 33 for the vestibule door is provided. It is connected to the water supply pipe 31 to discharge fine water spray to the entire living room 3 in the event of a fire.

Smoke exhaust system 25, smoke outlet 27, fine water spray nozzle 29 for smoke outlet, fine water spray nozzle 3 for vestibule door
3. The smoke and smoke control device 41 combined with the smoke exhaust system is constituted by using the fine water spray nozzle 35 for the entire surface as a main member.

Next, the operation of the fire smoke control device 41 with the smoke exhaust system configured as described above will be described. When a smoke and heat sensor (not shown) provided in the living room 3 detects a fire, the pressurized air supply fan 19 is started. When the pressurized air supply fan 19 is driven, compressed air flows into the auxiliary room 5, and the auxiliary room 5 is pressurized to a higher pressure than the adjacent living room 3.

At the same time, water is pressure-fed from a water supply means (not shown) to a water supply pipe 31, and the fine water spray nozzle 2
9. The fine water spray nozzle 33 for the vestibule door and the fine water spray nozzle 35 for the entire surface discharge the fine water spray.

When the fine water spray (micro fog) is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle 29 for the smoke discharge port to the periphery of the smoke discharge port 27, the fire heat flow is cooled, and the exhaust temperature is maintained at a level without danger. . That is, the fine water spray released by the micro fog has a small heat capacity and a large volume / surface area ratio, so when it comes into contact with a fire airflow, it instantaneously evaporates and cools the high-temperature fire airflow to a temperature without danger. . Therefore, since the fired heat flow to be exhausted is cooled, the temperature rise of the smoke exhaust duct 23 is prevented, and continuous smoke exhaust can be performed. This prevents the fire smoke from leaking to a place other than the firebox in the building. In addition, this makes it possible to simplify the heat insulation treatment of the smoke exhaust duct 23.

Further, when the fine water spray is released from the auxiliary room door fine water spray nozzle 33, the fine water spray is released around the auxiliary room door 13 and the high temperature smoke layer is cooled. This allows
Smoke shielding in the smoke exhaust system 25 is enabled with a smaller air supply amount, and smoke shielding is enhanced.

Further, when the fine water spray is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle 35 for the entire surface, the fine water spray is discharged to the whole section, and the fine water spray cools the fire air flow and the fine water spray which is not vaporized. However, they settle while floating, absorb and scatter radiant heat, and prevent flashover. This lowers the temperature in the fine water spray discharge section and facilitates continuous smoke emission or smoke suppression by pressurized smoke emission. In addition, since the fine water spray has a large total surface area at the time of discharge and is floating, it is exhausted while adsorbing smoke generated by fire, increasing the efficiency of removing black smoke in the compartment and improving visibility. Become.

As described above, according to the above-described fire smoke control device 41 combined with the smoke discharge system, the smoke discharge efficiency can be improved, the reliability of the smoke discharge system 25 can be improved, and the heat treatment of the smoke discharge duct 23 can be performed. Can be simplified. Also,
The smoke shielding in the smoke exhaust system 25 can be performed with a smaller air supply amount, and the smoke shielding performance can be enhanced. Furthermore, since the temperature rise in the whole room is prevented, visibility during evacuation, fire extinguishing and rescue activities can be improved.

[0027]

As described in detail above, the fire and smoke control apparatus combined with a smoke control system according to the present invention provides a smoke control system and a smoke control system which surrounds a smoke control opening and discharges fine water spray into a living room. With the fine water spray nozzle for mouth, the high-temperature fired heat flow exhausted is cooled to a temperature free from danger, and the temperature rise of the smoke exhaust duct can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to continuously emit smoke, and it is possible to prevent fire smoke from flowing out to a place other than the fire room in the building. As a result, the smoke exhaust efficiency can be improved, the reliability of the smoke exhaust system can be enhanced, and the heat insulation treatment of the smoke exhaust duct can be simplified.

According to the fire and smoke control device combined with the smoke exhaust system having the fine water spray nozzle for the vestibule door, since the fine water spray is discharged around the vestibule door, the high temperature smoke layer is cooled,
The smoke suppression in the smoke exhaust system can be performed with a smaller air supply amount, and the smoke shielding property can be improved.

Further, according to the fire smoke control device combined with the smoke exhaust system having the fine water spray nozzle for the entire surface, the fine particles which settle while floating block the radiant heat due to the fire and prevent the temperature rise in the whole room. Visibility during evacuation / extinguishing / rescue activities can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fire smoke control device with a smoke exhaust system according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Evacuation staircase room, 3: living room, 5: auxiliary room, 7: fire wall, 1
3 ... ancillary door, 19 ... pressurized air supply fan, 25 ... smoke exhaust system, 27 ... smoke exhaust port, 29 ... fine water spray nozzle for smoke exhaust port,
33 ... fine water spray nozzle for vestibule door, 35 ... fine water spray nozzle for entire surface, 41 ... fire smoke control device combined with smoke exhaust system

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hitoshi Kurioka 2-9-1, Tobita-Shi, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akimitsu Yoshikawa 1951 Nagamagomae, Kawachi-cho, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture Yamato Inside Protec Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Atsushi Shimizu 1951 Choganichimae, Kawachi-cho, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki Pref. Inside Yamato Protec Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masahiro Morita 1-23-1-3F, Hakusan-ku, Aso-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa F Terms (reference) 2E036 JA01 JA09 JA11 LA01 MA01 MA08 MA10 2E185 AA09 BA19 CA09 CB07 CB09 CC63 DA13

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. The air pressure of an annex room interposed between an evacuation staircase and a living room is pressurized to a higher pressure than the living room adjacent to the annex room, thereby preventing the inflow of smoke from the living room into the annex room. A smoke exhaust system for exhausting the smoke in the upper layer of the living room to the outside; and a plurality of smoke exhaust vents disposed on the ceiling surface of the living room surrounding the smoke exhaust port and discharging fine water spray into the living room. A smoke and smoke control device combined with a smoke exhaust system, comprising: a fine water spray nozzle for a smoke outlet. 2. A fine water spray is provided around a vestibule door that is disposed on a ceiling surface of the living room near a fireproof wall that partitions the living room and the vestibule, and is attached to an opening of the fireproof wall. 2. The smoke and smoke control device according to claim 1, further comprising a fine water spray nozzle for a vestibule door. 3. A fine water spray is applied to the entirety of the living room on a ceiling surface portion other than the ceiling surface of the living room in which the fine water spray nozzle for the smoke exhaust port and the fine water spray nozzle for the vestibule door are arranged. 3. The fire smoke control device with a smoke exhaust system according to claim 2, further comprising a fine water spray nozzle for discharging the spray.