JP4105350B2 - Fire protection compartment formation method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the case of a fire in a building, without using a fire shutter or a fire door, etc., a display window constituting a sales floor is used as a fire prevention structure to form a fire prevention zone and to prevent fire expansion. It is about the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The fire prevention section is formed by dividing the inside of the building into a plurality of parts in order to prevent the fire from spreading to the entire building.
Conventionally, such a fire prevention section has a fireproof structure of a building frame, that is, a slab that divides each level and a wall that divides the space of each level, and among these, an entrance / exit opening provided in the wall (fire protection wall) Provided a fire protection compartment by providing a fire shutter and the like so that it could be closed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The purpose of the fire prevention compartment is to confine the heat and smoke generated by the fire inside the compartment and prevent it from flowing out of the compartment. For this reason, when a fire breaks out, the inside of the compartment becomes high temperature, and the fire wall constituting the fire prevention compartment becomes high temperature, which may be an obstacle to evacuation and fire fighting. In addition, the fire protection area was filled with black smoke due to fire and the visibility was poor, so it was impossible to know the state of the fire protection area and it became an obstacle to evacuation and fire fighting. Furthermore, when an object is placed on the closed part of the fire shutter or fire door, the shutter cannot be closed completely, so that a fire prevention zone is not formed, and there is a risk that the fire spreads. In addition, since the fire shutter and fire door are fixed facilities with large weight and dimensions, the burden on the building frame is large, and it was not possible to flexibly cope with the layout change inside the building.
The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and by using a show window or a shelf constituting a sales floor as a fire wall in a building, a fire prevention section can be formed without using a fire shutter, a fire door, or the like. Provided is a method for forming a fireproof compartment.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the fire zone forming method according to claim 1 of the present invention is surrounded by a fire wall and a show window made of a glass plate, and the fire wall or the show window has an entrance / exit opening. A fire prevention compartment forming method for forming a predetermined space provided with a portion in a fire prevention compartment, wherein a fireproof sheet that can be stored along the opening for the entrance is attached, and a plurality of fine water sprays are attached to the ceiling of the predetermined space. In the event of a fire, the fireproof sheet is expanded and the predetermined space is surrounded by the fireproof sheet, the fire wall, and the show window, and then the fine water spray is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle. Thus, a fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness is formed along the fireproof sheet and the show window.
[0005]
And fine water spray discharges water with an average particle diameter of 50-400 micrometers. Moreover, the range of 0.1-10 Mpa becomes suitable for a water discharge pressure.
[0006]
In this fire zone forming method, when a fire occurs, the entrance / exit opening is closed by the fireproof sheet, and the predetermined space is surrounded by the fireproof sheet, the fire wall, and the show window. Thereafter, the fine water spray is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle, whereby a fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness is formed along the fireproof sheet and the show window. By shutting off the heat flow and radiant heat, the fireproof sheet and the show window act as a fireproof structure, and a predetermined space in the building becomes a fireproof section.
[0007]
The fire prevention section forming method according to claim 2 is a fire protection section forming method in which a passage space sandwiched between glass windows is formed in a fire prevention section, and a predetermined passage portion of the passage space is separated from other passage spaces. A partitionable fire-resistant sheet is attached to the ceiling of the predetermined passage portion, and a plurality of nozzles for spraying fine water are provided on the ceiling of the predetermined passage portion. In the event of a fire, the fire-resistant sheet is expanded to expand the predetermined passage portion. Is surrounded by the fireproof sheet and the show window, and then the fine water spray is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle to form a fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness along the fireproof sheet and the show window. It is characterized by that.
[0008]
In this fire protection section forming method, when a fire occurs, a predetermined passage portion of the passage space is closed by a fireproof sheet, and the predetermined passage portion is surrounded by the fireproof sheet and the show window. Thereafter, the fine water spray is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle, whereby a fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness is formed along the fireproof sheet and the show window. By shutting off the heat flow and radiant heat, the fireproof sheet and the show window act as a fireproof structure, and the predetermined passage portion of the passage space becomes a fireproof section.
[0009]
The fire protection zone forming method according to claim 3 is a fire protection zone forming method for forming an arbitrary space in a building into a fire protection zone, and a storable fireproof sheet for partitioning the arbitrary space from other spaces in the building is the optional A plurality of nozzles for spraying fine water are arranged in parallel on the ceiling of the arbitrary space along the fireproof sheet at a predetermined interval, and when the fire occurs, the fireproof sheet is developed to define the optional space. A fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness is formed along the fireproof sheet by discharging the fine water spray from the fine water spray nozzle after being surrounded by the fireproof sheet.
[0010]
In this fire protection zone forming method, when a fire occurs, an arbitrary space in the building is surrounded by a fireproof sheet. Thereafter, the fine water spray is discharged from the nozzle for fine water spray, so that a fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness is formed along the fireproof sheet, and the fire heat flow is caused by the floating and vaporization effect (action) of the fine water spray. By blocking radiant heat, the fireproof sheet acts as a fireproof structure, and an arbitrary space in the building becomes a fireproof section.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a fire protection compartment forming method according to the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a predetermined space in a building in which the fire protection compartment forming method according to the present invention is adopted.
[0012]
Shopping centers and underground malls often take the form of shops along the aisle. In many cases, the aisle surface of a store is a show window using glass or the like, and the other part is a fire wall. A fire prevention compartment forming apparatus for carrying out the fire prevention compartment forming method according to this embodiment is installed in a predetermined space 1 in a building. The predetermined space 1 is surrounded by a fire wall 3 and a show window 5 made of a glass plate, and an entrance / exit opening 7 is provided in the fire wall 3 or the show window 5 (show window 5 in the illustrated example). Yes. A smoke exhaust port 8 is provided in the ceiling of the predetermined space 1.
[0013]
A fireproof sheet 9, which can be deployed by, for example, a winding type, is attached to the ceiling of the predetermined space 1 along the entrance / exit opening 7, and the fireproof sheet 9 is opened at the entrance / exit by lowering the lower end and reaching the floor surface. The part 7 can be closed. The fireproof sheet 9 is lowered during a fire to close the entrance / exit opening 7 to prevent smoke from flowing out of the predetermined space 1 due to the fire.
[0014]
In addition, a plurality of fine water spray nozzles 11 are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals along the show window 5 and the fireproof sheet 9 serving as a store boundary portion on the ceiling of the predetermined space 1. (Two rows in the illustrated example). Specifically, a configuration in which fine water spray nozzles 11 having a single fine water spray nozzle are arranged in one or several rows at a pitch of 10 to 100 cm, or a fine water spray nozzle 11 in which a plurality of jet nozzles are formed. The structure which arranges these in 1 row or several rows with a 50-300 cm pitch is considered.
[0015]
A sprinkler water supply pipe 13 is installed in the predetermined space 1 in accordance with the Fire Service Law. The fine water spray nozzle 11 is connected to a spray pipe 15, and the spray pipe 15 is connected to a sprinkler water supply pipe 13 branched in front of the predetermined space 1 via an open / close control valve 17.
[0016]
Water discharge from the fine water spray nozzle 11 is performed in accordance with the operation of a fire fighting facility such as a sprinkler. Further, the water discharge from the fine water spray nozzle 11 is performed at the same time as the fire extinguishing equipment, or is operated by the information of smoke or heat detection sensor, or when the temperature in the vicinity of the fine water spray nozzle 11 exceeds 70 ° C. In addition, it can be performed according to the building conditions.
[0017]
A fire protection zone forming method using the fire protection zone forming apparatus configured as described above will be described.
When a fire occurs in the predetermined space 1, the entrance / exit opening 7 is first closed by the fireproof sheet 9, and the predetermined space 1 is surrounded by the fireproof sheet 9, the fire wall 3, and the show window 5.
Thereafter, the fine water spray is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle 11.
By spraying the fine water spray along the show window 5 and the fireproof sheet 9, a fine water spray layer 19 having a predetermined thickness is formed along the show window 5 and the fireproof sheet 9. By shutting off the fire heat flow and radiant heat by the effect (action), the show window 5 and the fireproof sheet 9 have fire resistance.
That is, the show window 5 or the like, which has not been a fireproof structure due to heat destruction or the like in the past, acts as a fireproof structure, blocking fire heat flow, radiant heat, and smoke.
As a result, the predetermined space 1 in the building is formed as a fire prevention section regardless of the fire barrier 3, fire shutter, and fire door.
[0018]
In addition, the main cause of the expansion of fire is that combustibles in places other than the fire point become hot and ignite due to the hot air current and radiant heat generated from the fire. The above-mentioned fire protection zone forming method has a small heat capacity of the fine water spray discharged from the fine water spray nozzle 11 and a large volume / surface area ratio. Cool the airflow to a non-hazardous temperature.
[0019]
At the same time, fine water spray that has not been vaporized settles down while floating in the fire prevention area, thereby absorbing and scattering radiant heat, preventing flashover and reducing the temperature around the fire prevention area. Keep at no level. Thereby, even if the opening of the fire prevention compartment is an unclosed or glass compartment, the expansion of the fire can be prevented.
[0020]
In addition, the above-described method for forming a fire prevention compartment has an effect of improving visibility because the fine spray that settles while floating falls while adsorbing smoke generated by a fire and removes black smoke in the fire prevention compartment. Furthermore, in order to cool the fire airflow, the temperature of the smoke in the smoke exhaust duct 8a connected to the smoke exhaust port 8 is prevented from rising, enabling continuous smoke exhaustion and simplifying the duct heat insulation process. Become. Moreover, since the fine water spray can disperse the load points of weight as compared with the fire shutter and fire door, the load on the building frame can be reduced. Further, since the spraying pipe 15 can be arranged on the ceiling or wall surface with a thin pipe, it is not necessary to narrow the effective use space in the building. And since a fire prevention division can be easily set to a position and shape effective for disaster prevention and safety, the expansion range of smoke and firewood at the time of a fire can be reduced.
[0021]
Next, another embodiment of the fire protection compartment forming method according to the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the fire protection section forming method according to this embodiment is provided with a winding-type fireproof sheet 9 that partitions the predetermined passage portion 23 of the passage space 21 from the other passage space 21 on the ceiling of the predetermined passage portion 23. Install. A plurality of fine water spray nozzles 11 are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals on the ceiling of the predetermined passage portion 23 along the fireproof sheet 9 and the show window 5.
[0022]
When a fire occurs, the lower end of the refractory sheet 9 is made to reach the floor surface, and the predetermined passage portion 23 is surrounded by the refractory sheet 9 and the show window 5, and then the fine water spray is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle 11. A fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness is formed along the fireproof sheet 9 and the show window 5, and the fire water flow and radiant heat are blocked by the floating and vaporizing effect (action) of the fine water spray. The show window 5 has fire resistance. Thereby, it acts as a fireproof structure that blocks fire heat flow, radiant heat, and smoke, and a predetermined passage portion of the passage space becomes a fireproof section.
[0023]
In this fire protection zone forming method, when a fire occurs on the passage, the fireproof sheet 9 of the predetermined passage portion 23 where the fire has occurred is lowered in conjunction with the detection of the fire extinguishing equipment such as a thermal sensation. At the same time as blocking, water is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle 11 in the compartment to form a fire prevention compartment. The fine water spray in the predetermined passage portion 23 may be operated in conjunction with a fire in an adjacent store. As the interlocking method, in addition to interlocking with the operation of the fire extinguishing equipment, it is conceivable that the water discharge operation is performed by a separately attached sensor when the fine water spray nozzle 11 is discharged, after a set delay time.
[0024]
Next, still another embodiment of the fire protection compartment forming method according to the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the method for forming a fireproof section according to this embodiment, a roll-up fireproof sheet 9 that partitions an arbitrary space 31 in a building from other spaces 33 in the building is attached to the ceiling of the arbitrary space 31. . Then, a plurality of fine water spray nozzles 11 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval on the ceiling of the arbitrary space 31 along the fireproof sheet 9.
[0025]
When a fire occurs, the lower end of the refractory sheet 9 is made to reach the floor surface, and the arbitrary space 31 is surrounded by the refractory sheet 9, and then the fine water spray is discharged from the fine water spray nozzle 11. A fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness is formed along the fireproof sheet 9, and these fireproof sheets 9 have fire resistance by blocking fire heat flow and radiant heat by floating and vaporizing effect (action) of the fine water spray. It will be. Thereby, it acts as a fireproof structure that blocks fire heat flow, radiant heat, and smoke, and the arbitrary space 31 becomes a fireproof section.
[0026]
In addition, in each embodiment mentioned above, you may install a dripping wall instead of the fireproof sheet 9 for preventing the smoke outflow at the time of a fire.
In addition, the method for forming a fire prevention compartment according to the present invention is provided with a natural or mechanical smoke outlet 8 in the fire chamber or on the outer ceiling of the opening 7 for the entrance / exit, and exhausts at least equivalent to the smoke generated by the fire. You may use it in combination with the smoke exhausting method which prevents the outflow of high temperature smoke by performing by the opening | mouth 8.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the fire zone forming method according to the present invention does not require a fire wall, a fire shutter, and a fire door to form a fire zone, so it is free to meet customer demands. Disaster prevention design becomes possible. In addition, when a fire occurs in a fire prevention compartment, the fine water spray discharged from the fine water spray nozzle has an effect of cooling the fire space, and heat transfer such as radiation and convection heat transfer to the adjacent compartment Can be reduced. Also, in the fire prevention section, visibility can be improved and the amount of radiant heat can be reduced during initial evacuation and relief / fire fighting activities. Furthermore, since the water supply piping for sprinklers can be used, the ceiling height required for installation of equipment can be kept small, and the effective use space need not be narrowed. Moreover, since the high-temperature smoke at the time of a fire can be cooled, it becomes possible to increase the smoke emission capability and reduce the fire resistance of the smoke emission equipment.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a predetermined space in a building in which a fire protection compartment forming method according to the present invention is adopted.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a predetermined passage portion of the passage space in which the fire protection compartment forming method according to the present invention is adopted.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an arbitrary space in a building in which the fire protection compartment forming method according to the present invention is adopted.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Predetermined space, 3 ... Fire wall, 5 ... Show window, 7 ... Entrance / exit opening part, 9 ... Fireproof sheet, 11 ... Nozzle for fine water spray, 19 ... Fine water spray layer, 21 ... Passage space, 23 ... Predetermined Passage part, 31 ... Arbitrary space, 33 ... Other space in the building

Claims (3)

A fire zone forming method for forming a predetermined space surrounded by a fire wall and a show window made of a glass plate and having an opening for an entrance / exit in the fire wall or the show window in the fire zone,
A fire-resistant sheet that can be stored along the opening for the entrance is attached,
A plurality of fine water spray nozzles are provided on the ceiling of the predetermined space,
In the event of a fire, the fireproof sheet is expanded and the predetermined space is surrounded by the fireproof sheet, the fire wall, and the show window, and then sprayed with fine water from the nozzle for spraying fine water along the show window and the fireproof sheet. A method for forming a fireproof section, wherein a fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness is formed along the fireproof sheet and the show window by discharging water. A fire prevention zone forming method for forming a passage space sandwiched between glass window windows in a fire protection zone,
A storable refractory sheet that partitions the predetermined passage portion of the passage space from other passage spaces is attached to the ceiling of the predetermined passage portion,
A plurality of fine water spray nozzles are provided on the ceiling of the predetermined passage portion,
When a fire occurs, the fireproof sheet is expanded and the predetermined passage portion is surrounded by the fireproof sheet and the show window, and then the fine water spray is discharged along the show window and the fireproof sheet from the fine water spray nozzle. And forming a fine water spray layer having a predetermined thickness along the fireproof sheet and the show window. In the disaster prevention zone formation method in any one of Claim 1 or 2 ,
A method for forming a fire prevention zone, wherein smoke is discharged from the fire protection zone when a fire occurs.

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