JP2001103836A - Mat for raising plant and method for greening artificial ground - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mat for raising plants which can be placed directly on an artificial ground to be planted and also is applicable to an existing building, and to provide a method for greening an artificial ground by using the same mat. SOLUTION: The mat 1 for raising plants on which plants can be raised is formed in such a way that a water resistant layer 2 which water does not permeate, a drainage layer 4 placed above the layer 2 and discharging extra water, a water retention layer 5 placed above the layer 4 and retaining water, and an artificial ridging layer 6 placed above the layer 5 and being lighter than a natural ridging layer are unified with one another in a layered form.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant growing mat for growing plants, especially ground covering plants, provided on an artificial ground such as a roof of a house or a building, and a method of greening the artificial ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when plants are planted on a place having a flat laying surface such as a roof of a house or a building, a terrace, or a veranda, a waterproof layer is formed or a waterproof sheet is laid.
Soil was piled on top of it, and ground cover plants such as lawns, plants and vegetables were planted. However, when the soil is laid as described above, the load applied to the laying surface by carrying in a large amount of soil becomes enormous. For this reason, there is a problem that a building reinforcement design is required, and construction costs are increased. In addition, in the case of natural soil, there is also a problem that insects are easily propagated because the soil contains a lot of various bacteria.

[0003] In order to solve such a problem,
For example, the invention disclosed in JP-A-11-172706 is known. The invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-172706 discloses a method of combining a plant which is durable and non-soilable and which can grow in soil-free on a medium material in advance and grows to a transplantable level. The greening unit, which is the body, is attached to the greening target surface. The greening target wall is made of porous concrete.

[0004]

However, in the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-172706, the plant to be planted is limited and the plant must be transplanted. There is a problem that is.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a plant growing mat that can be installed directly on artificial ground and planted, and can be applied to existing buildings. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for greening artificial ground using the plant growing mat.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is, for example, a plant growing mat 1 capable of growing plants, as shown in FIG. A non-waterproof layer portion 2, a drainage layer portion 4 provided above the waterproof layer portion 2 and discharging excess moisture, and a water retention layer portion 5 provided above the drainage layer portion 4 and holding moisture. ,
It is characterized in that an artificial soil cultivation layer 6, which is provided above the water retention layer 5 and is lighter than natural soil cultivation, is integrally formed in a layered manner.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the waterproof layer 2, the drainage layer 4, the water retaining layer 5, and the artificial soil layer 6 are integrally formed in a layered manner from the lower layer. Therefore, it becomes a mat excellent in water retention, air permeability, and drainage required for plant growth, and can be directly installed on the artificial ground G such as the roof of a building, so that the artificial ground G can be easily greened. In particular,
Since the artificial cultivation layer 6 is lighter than the natural cultivation, it is suitable as a plant growing mat 1 for greening on the artificial ground G such as the roof of an existing building. More specifically, the water-retaining layer 5 allows the plant growing conditions to be suitably maintained even when the artificial soil layer 6 serving as a medium for growing plants is thinned, and the artificial soil itself is lighter than natural soil. As a result, the weight of the entire plant growing mat 1 can be reduced. Therefore, since the weight of the entire plant growing mat 1 is not so bulky, it is better to place the plant growing mat 1 on the artificial ground G of an existing building and grow the plants directly on the artificial ground G. It can be easily done, and the plant to be planted can be selected in a wide range. In addition, since artificial soil is used, the number of germs is reduced and the occurrence of pests is reduced.

Here, the artificial cultivation is, for example, a compound cultivation formed by mixing peat moss, vermiculite, or the like, or a water-soluble sheet swelling with water or a superabsorbent polymer as described in claim 2. Anything that is lighter than the soil can be used.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the plant growing mat 1 according to the first aspect, a root-preventing layer portion 3 having water permeability but not penetrating the root is formed on the waterproof layer portion 2. It is characterized by:

According to the second aspect of the invention, it is needless to say that the same effect as the first aspect of the invention can be obtained. In particular, when the root prevention layer 3 is formed on the waterproof layer 2, Therefore, it is possible to prevent the roots from entering the gaps of the artificial ground G and damaging the artificial ground, and at the same time, the roots can be extended to the very minimum thickness of the plant growing mat 1, so that the growth of the plants is maximized. Get better.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the mat for growing a plant 1 according to the first or second aspect, the artificial soil layer portion 6 comprises
It is characterized by being made of a water-soluble sheet or a highly absorbent polymer swelling with water.

According to the third aspect of the invention, it is needless to say that the same effect as the first or second aspect of the invention is obtained. In particular, the artificial soil layer portion 6 is formed of a water-soluble sheet which swells with water. Or since it consists of a superabsorbent polymer, the artificial soil layer part 6 which can always supply water and nutrients sufficiently can be formed.

Here, the water-soluble sheet which swells with water is
For example, it is a sheet mainly composed of carboxymethylcellulose and methylcellulose, and the superabsorbent polymer particles are, for example, polyalkali oxygen and starch.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the plant growing mat 1 according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the water retaining layer portion 5 is provided.
Is characterized in that it is a molded body having a mesh structure having voids of a predetermined size or a molded body having a fibrous structure.

According to the invention described in claim 4, claims 1 to
Needless to say, the same effects as those of the invention described in any one of 3 are obtained. In particular, the water-retaining layer portion 5 is a molded article having a mesh structure having voids of a predetermined size, or a molded article having a fibrous structure. Therefore, an appropriate amount of water can be held in the space, and excess water can be discharged, so that the water can be optimized for plant growth.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for greening an artificial ground G, wherein the plant growing mat 1 according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is arranged on the artificial ground G, and then the plant growing mat is provided. It is characterized in that plants are planted in the artificial cultivation layer part 6 of (1).

According to the invention described in claim 5, claims 1 to
4, the plant growing mat 1 is placed on the artificial ground G, and then the plant is planted in the artificial cultivation layer 6 of the plant growing mat 1. Therefore, the plant growing mat 1 is placed. Therefore, other facilities are not required, and greening of the artificial ground G can be easily achieved. Also, since the plants are grown on the plant growing mat 1 including artificial soil, which is lighter than natural soil, application to existing buildings is easier than growing plants by natural soil.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to the drawings, an embodiment of a plant growing mat according to the present invention and a greening method using the plant growing mat will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of a plant growing mat according to the present invention. FIG.
Is a mat for growing plants on the artificial ground G. Its structure is a waterproof layer portion 2 composed of a waterproof sheet laid on the lowermost layer in a sectional view.
A root protection layer 3 composed of a root protection sheet provided in a layer on the upper surface of the waterproof layer 2 and a drainage layer 4 provided in a layer on the upper surface of the root protection layer 3. A water retention layer portion 5 provided in a layer on the upper surface of the drainage layer portion 4 and an artificial soil layer portion 6 provided in a layer on the upper surface of the water retention layer portion 5. It is formed integrally. The size of the plant growing mat 1 is arbitrary, and may be appropriately set according to the artificial ground G to be placed, or may be used by connecting a plurality of plant growing mats 1 together. good.

The waterproof layer 2 is for preventing water from entering the artificial ground G on which the plant growing mat 1 is placed, and is not limited to a waterproof sheet, and is made of a material having waterproof properties. If so, it may be changed as appropriate. The root prevention layer 3 is made of a material having water permeability but not allowing plant roots to pass therethrough, for example, a nonwoven fabric. The root prevention layer 3 can prevent a problem that the artificial ground G is damaged by growing to the artificial ground G on which the root is placed.

The drainage layer section 4 is for quickly discharging excess water to the outside, and uses, for example, Enkadrain (trade name). The drainage layer portion 4 is formed of a space having a void of 90% or more, and is formed by bending a plastic or metal linear material 41 to support the nonwoven fabric 42.

The water retaining layer 5 is for retaining water necessary for growing plants. This water retention layer part 5
The growth conditions of the plant can be suitably maintained even if the artificial cultivation layer 6 serving as a medium for growing the plant is thinned due to the presence of. The water-retaining layer portion 5 is made of, for example, a molded article having a mesh structure having a passage space of 0.2 to 0.3 mm, a fibrous molded article of a synthetic polymer or a natural product having a thickness of 20 to 100 μm, or the like. As the fibrous formed body, for example, a plant made of humus such as coconut hulls collected from 6 months to 18 months after collection or a coconut hull mat humified for 2 years or more is used. Yashigara mat 4 has a pH of 6.0 or more and 6.5 or less (5.5 or less).
The sterilization treatment or the disinfection treatment is performed with a chemical solution or a low temperature (for example, about 70 ° C. to 90 ° C.). Since the palm mat 4 contains humus, it becomes a hotbed of soil microorganisms, and has water retention and moderate strength.

The artificial soil layer 6 is made of a material that has good water retention and can supply sufficient nutrients, such as a water-soluble sheet or a highly water-absorbing polymer particle that swells with water. Here, the water-soluble sheet swelling with water is
For example, it is a sheet mainly composed of carboxymethylcellulose and methylcellulose, and the superabsorbent polymer particles are, for example, polyalkali oxygen and starch.

In the artificial cultivation layer 6, for example, dikandra, which is a ground cover plant, is planted. Daikandra is a semi-evergreen or evergreen perennial native to North America and has a height of about 3 cm. It has the characteristics that it does not wither in the winter, does not need to be pruned, and does not cause a fire unlike Japanese grass. It can be used for landscapes of parks where people cannot enter, such as various green spaces, Western style,
It is also used as a ground covering for gardens regardless of Japanese style. By planting Daikandra, greening of the artificial ground G is facilitated.

Next, a method of greening the artificial ground G using the plant growing mat 1 will be described. First, the plant growing mat 1 is placed on the artificial ground G, and then the plant is grown on the artificial cultivation layer 6 of the plant growing mat 1 by supplying a suitable amount of water and nutrients.

According to the plant growing mat 1 of the present invention described above, the waterproof layer 2, the drainage layer 4,
Since the water retaining layer 5 and the artificial cultivation layer 6 are formed integrally in a layered manner,
It becomes a mat excellent in air permeability and drainage, and can be directly installed on the artificial ground such as the roof of a building, so that the artificial ground G can be easily greened. In particular, the water retention layer 5 allows the artificial cultivation conditions to be maintained properly even when the artificial soil cultivation layer 6 serving as a medium for cultivating the plant is thinned, and the artificial soil itself is made of a material that is lighter than the natural soil. Therefore, the weight of the entire plant growing mat 1 can be reduced. Therefore, since the weight of the entire plant growing mat 1 is not so bulky, it is better to place the plant growing mat 1 on the artificial ground G of an existing building and grow the plants directly on the artificial ground G. It can be easily done, and the plant to be planted can be selected in a wide range. In addition, since artificial soil is used, the number of germs is reduced and the occurrence of pests is further reduced.

In addition, since the root prevention layer 3 is provided on the upper surface of the waterproof layer 2, it is possible to prevent the root from entering the gap of the artificial ground G and damaging the artificial ground, and to prevent the root from being damaged. The plant growing mat 1 can be stretched to the very minimum thickness, and the growth of the plant is maximized. Furthermore, since the artificial cultivation layer 6 is made of a water-soluble sheet or a high-absorbent polymer that swells with water, it is possible to form the artificial cultivation layer 6 that can always sufficiently supply water and nutrients. Further, since the water-retaining layer portion 5 is a molded body having a mesh structure or a fibrous structure having voids of a predetermined size, an appropriate amount of water is retained in the voids and excess water is discharged. Therefore, it can be optimized for plant growth. The plant growing mat 1 is placed on the artificial ground G, and then the dikandra is planted in the artificial cultivation layer 6 of the plant growing mat 1. Therefore, other equipment is required only by placing the plant growing mat 1. Not to be
Greening of the artificial ground G can be easily achieved.

The plant to be planted on the plant growing mat 1 according to the present invention is not limited to Daikandra.
It may be another ground cover plant such as turf or another plant.

[0028]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the waterproof layer, the drainage layer, the water retention layer, and the artificial soil layer are integrated in a layered manner from the bottom. Therefore, it becomes a mat excellent in water retention, air permeability, and drainage required for plant growth, and can be directly installed on an artificial ground such as a building roof, so that the artificial ground can be easily greened. In particular, since the artificial cultivation layer portion is lighter than natural cultivation, it is suitable as a plant growing mat for greening on artificial ground such as the roof of an existing building. In addition, since artificial soil is used, the number of germs is reduced and the occurrence of pests is further reduced.

According to the second aspect of the invention, it is needless to say that the same effect as the first aspect of the invention can be obtained. In particular, since the root prevention layer is formed on the waterproof layer, The roots can be extended to the very limit of the plant growing mat, and the roots can be prevented from entering the gaps of the artificial ground and damaging the artificial ground. Get better.

According to the third aspect of the invention, it is needless to say that the same effect as the first or second aspect of the invention can be obtained. In particular, the artificial soil layer portion is formed of a water-soluble sheet or a water-swellable sheet. Since it is made of a superabsorbent polymer, it is possible to form an artificial soil layer part that can always supply sufficient water and nutrients.

According to the invention described in claim 4, claims 1 to 1 are provided.
It is a matter of course that the same effect as the invention described in any one of 3 is obtained. In particular, the water-retaining layer portion is a molded body having a mesh structure having voids of a predetermined size or a molded body having a fibrous structure. Since there is an appropriate amount of water in the void,
Excess water can be discharged, which can be optimized for plant growth.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the first to fifth aspects are provided.
4. The plant-growing mat according to any one of 4) is placed on the artificial ground, and then the plant is planted on the artificial soil layer portion of the plant-growing mat. Is not required, and greening of the artificial ground can be easily achieved. Further, since the plants are grown on a plant growing mat including artificial soil, which is lighter than natural soil, application to existing buildings is easier than growing plants by natural soil.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a plant growing mat according to the present invention.

[Explanation of Signs] 1 Mat for growing plants 2 Waterproof layer 3 Root prevention layer 4 Drainage layer 5 Water retention layer 6 Artificial soil cultivation section G Artificial ground

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A mat for plant cultivation capable of cultivating plants, a waterproof layer portion that is impermeable to water, a drain layer portion provided above the waterproof layer portion and discharging excess moisture, A water retention layer that is provided at the top of the layer and retains moisture; and an artificial soil layer that is provided at the top of the water retention layer and that is lighter than natural soil, are integrally formed in a layered form. A mat for growing plants. 2. The mat for growing plants according to claim 1, wherein a root preventing layer portion having water permeability but not passing roots is formed on the waterproof layer portion. . 3. The mat for growing plants according to claim 1, wherein the artificial soil layer portion is made of a water-soluble sheet or high-absorbent polymer particles which swell with water. 4. The mat for growing plants according to claim 1, wherein the water-retaining layer is a molded article having a mesh structure having voids of a predetermined size, or a molded article having a fibrous structure. A mat for growing plants, characterized in that: 5. A plant growing mat according to claim 1, wherein the mat is arranged on an artificial ground, and then a plant is planted on an artificial soil layer portion of the plant growing mat. Greening method of artificial ground.