JP2001002483A - Compost production apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compost production apparatus which is capable of efficiently executing the production of compost with a smaller space. SOLUTION: This compost production apparatus obtains the compost by preparing a plurality of fermentation tanks, successively transferring compost raw materials to the plurality of fermentation tanks and progressing the fermentation process in the respective fermentation tanks. The apparatus described above has the upper fermentation tank 1, the lower fermentation tank 2, a dispersion and transfer device 4 which is disposed between the upper fermentation tank 1 and the lower fermentation tank 2 and transfers the compost raw materials from the upper fermentation tank 1 to the lower fermentation tank 2 while dispersing the compost raw materials and a lower fermentation tank moving device 8 which moves the lower fermentation tank 2 to a horizontal direction with respect to the dispersion and transfer device 4. The compost may be moved while the horizontal position where the compost is transferred to the lower fermentation tank is successively changed and the transferred compost raw materials may be made into a porous state in the entire parts of the lower fermention tank that the air is sufficiently included therein by adopting the constitution described above.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composting apparatus, and more particularly, to a composting apparatus for producing a compost by fermenting and ripening perishable organic waste such as garbage, sludge, and food residue.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of composting the above putrefactive organic waste, a fermentation product is mixed with the putrefactive organic waste, and then the mixed compost raw material is piled up in a pile. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a method of performing fermentation by performing so-called turning back using a shovel loader, a tractor, or the like.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned conventional method for producing compost has the following problems. (A) Odor is a problem. The odor caused by fermentation gas generated in the process of compost production spreads and is an environmental problem.
It is also conceivable to store the compost materials in the warehouse and segregate them.However, when putting the compost materials into the warehouse or carrying out the compost produced by fermentation from the warehouse, the odor is still emitted. At present, it is difficult to create a facility equipped with a composting device near a city. (B) To increase the compost generation capacity, it is necessary to increase the compost storage area of the warehouse. Since the method of simply stacking compost raw materials is adopted, it is necessary to increase the area of the warehouse in order to increase the compost production capacity, and the land acquisition area increases, thereby increasing the compost production cost.

(C) The fermentation state of a large amount of compost raw material cannot be controlled with high accuracy. In the above-mentioned conventional technology, when producing compost, it is necessary to cut back the compost raw material deposited in a belt shape using a shovel loader or a tractor in order to reduce fermentation unevenness. In this case, even if the progress of fermentation changes depending on the position of the compost material deposited in a belt shape, the partial difference in the progress of fermentation cannot be taken into account, and the return is performed uniformly by scanning. In such a method, there is a problem that an optimal fermentation state cannot be controlled over the entire area of the strip-shaped compost material. (D) In the conventional reversing operation, it is difficult to make the compost raw material porous enough to contain air. As shown in FIG. 11, the compost material piled up is compressed by the weight of the compost material on the air excess region 56 where the air is present close to the surface, where there is excess air, the fermentation suitable region 57 where the air and temperature are in a good range. And a compression region 58 in which air is insufficient. The fermentation state inside the compost materials piled up in this way differs in each region. Therefore, at the time of the cutback operation, it is necessary to make the fermentation state uniform by mixing the compost in each area. However, the method of mixing using a conventional shovel loader or tractor has a problem that a portion where mixing is good and a portion where mixing is not easy are easily formed. Further, when a shovel loader, a tractor, or the like is used as a mixing means, the compost material 3
Over pressure or kneading,
There is a problem that the subsequent compost fermentation process is adversely affected.

(E) The fermentation operation largely depends on human perception, and it is difficult to keep the compost quality within a certain range. The work of loading compost on the floor of a warehouse and turning the compost back with a shovel loader in accordance with the fermentation state often depends on human cans, and it is difficult to maintain high quality compost produced. Further, when any failure occurs in the fermentation process, there is a problem that the whole compost piled up in the warehouse becomes defective. (F) There is a problem that the fermentation time required to obtain compost from the compost raw material becomes long. Due to the reasons (C) to (E) described above, a large amount of compost material cannot be efficiently fermented, so that the fermentation completion time of the entire system is prolonged and the processing capacity cannot be increased. is there.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compost manufacturing apparatus which can solve the above problems. An example of a specific purpose is as follows. (a) To provide a compost manufacturing apparatus capable of efficiently composting in a small space. It should be noted that the problems of the invention other than those described above and the means for solving the problems will be described in detail in the description in the following specification.

[0007]

According to the present invention, for example,
A description will be given based on FIGS. 1 to 10 showing an embodiment of the present invention, which is configured as follows. In the first invention, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of fermenters are prepared, and compost raw materials are sequentially transferred to the plurality of fermenters, and the fermentation process is performed in each fermenter to form a compost. In the obtained compost production apparatus, an upper fermenter 1 and a lower fermenter 2
And the lower fermenter 2 provided between the upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2 while pulverizing the compost material from the upper fermenter 1.
And a relative moving means for relatively moving the crushing transfer device 4 and the lower fermenter 2 in the horizontal direction. The second invention is characterized by comprising a plurality of upper fermenters 1 and a plurality of lower fermenters 2.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of fermenters whose fermentation conditions are not influenced by each other, information detecting means 72 for detecting information related to compost generation in the fermenter, and the information detecting means 72 are provided. A compost monitoring device 26 that moves its position relative to the plurality of fermenters,
The compost monitoring device 26 is moved to a position corresponding to each fermenter, and the information regarding the compost generation of each fermenter is detected using the information detecting means 72. The fourth invention includes a plurality of fermenters whose fermentation states are not influenced by each other, information detecting means 72 for detecting information on compost generation in the fermenter, and a porous material for composting the compost material 3 in the fermenter. The fermentation tank includes a composting means 73 and a porous treatment control means 74, and based on the information on compost generation detected by the information detection means 72, the porous treatment control means 74 mixes air of compost raw material in each fermenter. It is determined whether or not it is necessary to perform a porosification process, and the compost raw material of the fermenter that is determined to be necessary is subjected to the porosification process using the porous processing means 73, and is determined to be unnecessary. The compost material used in the fermenter is not subjected to a porous treatment. In addition, as the porous processing means 73, various kinds of switching means, a pulverizing device 14 described later, and the like can be exemplified.

The fifth invention comprises a plurality of fermenters whose fermentation conditions are not influenced by each other, information detecting means 72 for detecting information on compost generation in the fermenters, and a fertilizer from the plurality of fermenters. Crusher 14 for crushing and dropping raw materials
, A water spray device 76, and a spray control device, wherein the information detecting device 72 detects the water content of the compost material, and the spray control device detects the water spray device 76 based on the detected water content. Is operated to spray water onto the compost material 3 crushed and dropped by the crusher 14 to increase the moisture content of the compost material 3. Sixth
The invention is characterized in that the information detecting means 72 is fixedly provided for each fermenter. The seventh invention relates to a plurality of upper fermenters 1
, A lower fermenter disposing unit 29 in which a plurality of lower fermenters 2 are disposed, and a lower fermenter while pulverizing the compost material from the upper fermenter 1. 2 and a traveling space 23 for moving the pulverizing transfer device 4 between the upper fermenter disposing unit 28 and the lower fermenter disposing unit 29.

The eighth invention is characterized in that the upper fermenter disposing section 28,
The lower fermenter disposing portion 29 is characterized in that it can be hermetically sealed. In the ninth invention, a crushing device 14 for crushing compost raw materials is disposed below an end of a conveyor device 18,
By dropping the compost raw material from the compost raw material holding means arranged above, the compost raw material 3 is piled up on the conveyor device 18 in a mountain shape, and by driving the conveyor device 18, the compost raw material 3 is conveyed from the end of the conveyor. Is vertically dropped into the crushing device 14 so as to be sliced vertically. A tenth invention is characterized in that the fermenter is provided with fermentation adjusting means for adjusting a fermentation state.

[0011]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the provision of the relative moving means allows the relative movement of the pulverizing / transferring device and the lower fermentation tank in the horizontal direction. When the compost material is crushed and transferred, the compost material can be moved while sequentially changing (scanning) the horizontal position to be transferred to the lower fermenter, and the compost material can be moved in a state where the compost material is sufficiently contained in air. Therefore, it is possible to uniformly deposit the compost raw material in a porous state over the entire area of the lower fermentation tank and to allow the subsequent fermentation process to proceed favorably. By arranging the fermenters vertically, compost can be produced in a small space. According to the second aspect, since a plurality of upper fermenters and a plurality of lower fermenters are provided, a large number of fermenters can be arranged in a space-saving manner. Also, compared to the conventional method of turning over the entire compost raw material, if any inconvenience occurs in the fermentation process, only the compost raw material in the inferior fermenter out of a plurality of fermenters needs to be discarded. We can deal with adaptation.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of fermenters whose fermentation conditions are not influenced by each other and information detecting means for detecting information on compost generation in the fermenters are provided, a large amount of fermenters is provided. Even when fertilizer raw materials are manufactured as compost, it is possible to detect the state of fermentation in each fermenter, and to change the subsequent processing for each fermenter, and to determine the fermentation state of a large amount of compost raw material. Fine control. Further, when acquiring information on compost production of the plurality of fermenters,
Since the compost monitoring device can be relatively moved to the corresponding position of each fermenter, it is not always necessary to provide information detecting means for each fermenter. Therefore, the state of the plurality of fermenters is changed to, for example, 1
It is also possible to detect with a compost monitoring device, and it can be constructed at low cost. According to the fourth aspect, based on the information on compost production detected by the information detection means, the porous treatment control means determines whether or not a porous treatment for mixing air into the compost material in the fermenter is necessary. Since the compost raw material of the fermenter determined to be necessary is subjected to the porous treatment using the porous processing means, and the compost raw material of the fermenter determined to be unnecessary is not subjected to the porous treatment, so that each fermentation is performed. Detecting the temperature of the compost material in the tank, etc., only the fermentation tank that needs the porosification treatment can perform the cut-back processing, pulverization processing, etc. for the porous treatment. Optimal processing can be performed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the spray control means operates the water spray device based on the detected moisture content, and sprays spray water on the compost raw material pulverized and dropped by the pulverizing device. Since the fermenter is configured to increase the moisture content, even if there is a compost raw material with a low moisture content for some reason in each fermenter, it is possible to increase the moisture content by selecting the compost raw material, Can be set to a value most suitable for fermentation.
In addition, since the water spray device is used to spray water onto the compost material that has been pulverized and dropped, water can be supplied evenly around the fine compost material that has been pulverized. However, the subsequent fermentation step can be performed uniformly and well. According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the information detecting means is fixedly provided for each fermenter, it is possible to detect information regarding compost production in a continuous manner with respect to the compost raw material in each fermenter.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the pulverizing / transferring device can be moved in the traveling space, when the compost material is pulverized and transferred to the lower fermenter, the horizontal position to be transferred to the lower fermenter is sequentially changed. (Scanning), and can be uniformly deposited in the entire area of the lower fermentation tank in a porous state containing sufficient air in the compost raw material, thereby facilitating the subsequent fermentation process. Can be. By arranging the fermenters vertically, compost can be produced in a small space. Further, when the compost raw material is transferred from the upper fermenter disposing section to the lower fermenter disposing section, the pulverizing and transferring apparatus moves in the traveling space, so that the pulverizing and transferring apparatus is at least one.
A table is sufficient, and the production cost can be reduced when a large amount of compost is produced in a large number of fermenters. According to the eighth aspect, since the upper fermenter disposition portion and the lower fermenter disposition portion are configured to be hermetically sealable, it is possible to suppress the malodor of each fermenter disposition portion from leaking to the outside. According to the ninth invention, a crushing device for crushing the compost material is disposed below the end of the conveyor device, the compost material is dropped from the compost material holding means disposed above, and the compost material is piled on the conveyor device. The compost raw materials can be mixed without applying excessive pressure to the compost raw materials of the compost raw material holding means. Furthermore, by slicing the stacked compost material vertically from the conveyor end by driving the conveyor device, by dropping to the crushing device, the air excess area, good fermentation possible area, The compost raw material in each region of the compression region can be dropped into the crushing device in a state where they are mixed at a preferable ratio. In other words, according to the ninth invention, each region of the compost material that has been stacked can be mixed at a preferable ratio without applying excessive pressure to the compost material, and fermentation can be performed as compared with the conventional method of turning back. It can proceed uniformly and well. According to the tenth aspect, since the fermentation adjusting means adjusts the fermentation state of the compost raw material, it is possible to create desired fermentation conditions according to the function and use of each fermenter in each fermenter.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, in the first to tenth aspects of the present invention, a preferred configuration and the operation and effect when the configuration is adopted will be described. (Structure 1) The relative moving means is constituted by making the crushing and transferring device 4 movable in the horizontal direction with respect to the fixed lower fermenter 2. With this configuration, the upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2 can be fixed. (Structure 2) The relative moving means is constituted by allowing the lower fermenter 2 to move in the horizontal direction with respect to the fixed crushing and transferring device 4. By moving the lower fermenter 2 like a container, the degree of freedom of the fermentation system of a plurality of fermenters can be increased. (Configuration 3) Means are provided for moving the upper fermenter 1 relatively to the crushing and transferring device 4 in the horizontal direction. By providing this means, the location where compost moves from the upper fermenter 1 to the crusher / transfer device 4 can be appropriately controlled, and the transfer of compost raw material from the upper fermenter 1 to the crush / transfer device 4 can be performed smoothly. I can do it.

(Structure 4) Three or more fermenters are arranged in the vertical direction, and the crushing and transferring device 4 and the relative moving means are provided between the upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2, respectively. Features. By stacking the fermenters in multiple layers, multi-stage fermentation is possible, and in this case, the horizontal installation space of the fermenters can be reduced. (Arrangement 5) The transfer of compost from the upper fermenter 1 to the lower fermenter 2 includes a transfer step by gravity. No special power is required to move the compost, and the compost can be configured simply and inexpensively. (Configuration 6) The crushing and transferring apparatus 4 has a storage tank 12 such as a hopper for temporarily storing compost moving from the upper fermenter 1. The provision of the storage tank 12 for temporarily storing allows control of the cutout amount and the like, and facilitates adjustment of the degree of pulverization. (Configuration 7) A compost outlet 15 is provided at the end of the storage tank 12. When the compost is transferred to the lower fermenter 2, the moving distance of the crushing and transferring device 4 can be shortened. (Configuration 8) Compost outlets 15 are provided at both ends of the storage tank 12.
As will be described in a second embodiment described later, by providing the compost outlets 15 at both ends, when transferring compost while scanning to the lower fermenter 2, not only the forward movement of the crushing and transporting device 4 in the horizontal direction but also The compost can be transferred even in reverse.

(Structure 9) The crushing and transferring device 4 includes a transporting device 13 for sending out the compost, and a crushing device 14 for crushing the sent out compost. (Arrangement 10) The crushing and transferring device 4 includes a water spraying device 76 for spraying water to the compost material being crushed and dropped by the crushing device 14 in a spray state. The water content of the compost material can be adjusted as needed. (Configuration 11) In the crushing transfer device 4, the crushing device 14
Is provided below the compost outlet 15 of the storage tank 12.
The compost coming out of the compost outlet 15 can be efficiently pulverized. (Configuration 12) A transport device 13 for transporting the compost in the storage tank 12 to the compost outlet 15 is provided. By providing the transport device 13, the compost in the storage tank 12 can be easily removed from the compost outlet 15.
Can be transported to (Configuration 13) The transport device 13 transports a certain amount of compost. Since the transport device 13 can transport a certain amount of compost, the degree of pulverization by the pulverizer 14 can always be kept in a favorable state.

(Arrangement 14) The crushing device 14 includes a rotary drum 17 provided with blades around it. With a configuration in which compost is pulverized by the rotating drum 17 having blades,
Inexpensive and high-quality pulverization can be performed. (Configuration 15) The bottom wall 9 of the fermenter has an openable structure.
The discharge of compost from the upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2 can be performed by opening the bottom wall 9. (Configuration 16) The bottom wall 9 of the fermenter is an opening / closing door having an inward opening structure. Since the opening and closing door has an internal opening structure, there is no need for a space where the door opens to the outside, and the upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2
In the vertical direction can be reduced. (Arrangement 17) The upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2 are provided in a line in the upper and lower rows, and have the same horizontal width. In a horizontal space, the upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2 can be arranged with a minimum width. (Configuration 18) Each fermenter is provided with air supply means. The degree of fermentation can be controlled. It should be noted that, of the above-mentioned first invention, each of the constitutions 1 to 18, except for those which cannot be physically and logically combined,
A new invention can be configured by combining at least two configurations.

(Structure 19) The present invention is characterized in that compost materials are spatially separated and deposited in a single fermenter to function as the plurality of fermenters. (Configuration 20) An opening for transferring compost material is formed in the bottom wall 9 by tilting the bottom wall 9 of the fermentation tank upward so as to bend inside the fermentation tank, and keeping the bottom wall 9 horizontal. The information detecting means 72 is attached to the member 78 so as to extend in the vertical direction. Since the information detecting means 72 is attached to the horizontal holding member 78 of the bottom wall 9 so as to extend in the vertical direction, the information detecting means 72 receives from the compost raw material 3 when the compost raw material is charged or discharged into the fermenter. The force can be reduced, and the failure and breakage of the information detecting means 72 can be suppressed. (Configuration 21) The fermenter is used as a compost storage tank. A large amount of compost can be stored individually while controlling the condition of the compost. (Configuration 22) The fermenter has a fermentation adjusting means for adjusting the fermentation state. With the fermentation adjusting means, the production of compost can be individually controlled according to the fermentation state of each fermenter.

(Structure 23) The information on compost production includes at least one of information on compost raw materials into the fermenter, date and time of introduction of the raw materials, temperature of the fermenter, and water content. (Configuration 24) The fermenter is fixed, and the compost monitoring device 26 moves. (Configuration 25) The compost monitoring device 26 is fixed, and the fermenter moves. (Arrangement 26) The bottom wall 9 of the fermenter has an openable structure, and the compost monitoring device 26 opens and closes the bottom wall 9. The compost monitoring device 26 can perform the operation of discharging the compost from the fermenter. (Structure 27) A central management device 54 for managing the production state of the plurality of fermenters is provided, and an information transmission unit for transmitting information on compost generation detected by the information detection unit 72 to the central management device 54 is provided. Each fermenter can be centrally managed by the central control device 54.

(Constitution 28) In response to the central control device 54 detecting the state of the compost in the fermenter by the information detecting means 72, a step of transferring the compost to the downstream fermenter is performed. It is characterized in that either one of returning the compost raw material in the fermenter to the previous step as a defective compost is selected. (Structure 29) The compost monitoring device 26 travels on a traveling path of the porous processing means 73. (Structure 30) The porous treatment means 73 is constituted by a switching means capable of individually switching the compost raw material of each fermenter. (Configuration 31) The porous processing means 73 includes the pulverizing device 14.

(Structure 32) Spray water is sprayed from the side of the compost material 3 which is pulverized by the pulverizer 14 and falls. (Structure 33) Regarding the seventh invention, the above structure 1 to structure 18
At least one of the configurations described above. (Configuration 34) Upper fermenter disposition unit 28, Lower fermenter disposition unit 2
At 9, the fermenters are arranged two-dimensionally. (Configuration 35) The two-dimensional configuration is configured by arranging the fermenters in at least two rows. (Configuration 36) The two-dimensional configuration is configured by arranging the fermenters radially. (Structure 37) The compost monitoring device 26 as well as the pulverizing / transporting device 4 is mounted in each traveling space 23. Since the traveling space can be shared, the arrangement space can be reduced.

(Constitution 38) A crushing / transporting device retreating section is provided so that the crushing / transporting device 4 can be retracted from the fermentation gas generation space. By retreating to the crushing / transporting device evacuation section, it is possible to prevent the crushing / transporting device 4 from being damaged by fermentation gas, heat or the like. (Configuration 39) A compost monitoring device evacuation section is provided so that the compost monitoring device 26 can be retracted from the fermentation gas generation space. By retreating to the compost monitoring device evacuation section, it is possible to prevent the compost monitoring device 26 from being damaged by fermentation gas, heat, and the like. (Structure 40) Elevating means for raising and lowering the pulverizing transfer device 4 to each layer (for example, corresponding to three, five and seven layers in FIG. 6) are provided. The pulverizing transfer device 4 can be moved to a plurality of layers. Further, the pulverizing transfer device 4
When a failure occurs, the pulverizing / transporting device can be easily taken out through the elevating device.

(Structure 41) An elevating means for raising and lowering the compost monitoring device 26 in each layer is provided. The compost monitoring device 26 can be moved to a plurality of layers. Further, when the compost monitoring device 26 breaks down, the compost monitoring device 26 can be easily taken out through the elevating device. (Configuration 42) A transport device 49 for transporting the compost raw material to at least the uppermost layer crushing and transporting device 4 is provided. (Configuration 43) The transport device 49 supplies the compost raw material to the crushing and transporting device 4 at a predetermined position. (Configuration 44) At least the compost raw material is supplied via the pulverizing transfer device 4 corresponding to the uppermost fermenter. (Configuration 45) The pulverizing / transferring device 4 is used for transferring compost from the upper fermenter 1 to the lower fermenter 2. (Constitution 46) A discharge device 25 for separating compost discharged from the lowermost fermentation tank for each fermentation tank and discharging the compost is provided.

(Structure 47) The compost raw material holding means is constituted by the upper fermenter 1. (Configuration 48) The opening / closing operation tool 11 for changing the opening area of the bottom wall of the compost raw material holding means is provided. By changing the opening area of the bottom wall, the amount and speed of the fall of the compost material can be controlled. (Constitution 49) The compost raw material holding means is not provided with a compost feeding means (such as a screw conveyor) for applying pressure to the compost raw material, and the discharge of the compost raw material is performed simply by dropping the compost raw material. Since the compost is sent out of the compost raw material holding means by dropping the compost raw material, excessive pressure is not applied to the compost raw material. (Structure 50) The conveyor device 18 is the crushing and transferring device 4
And a conveyor device 13 therein.

(Configuration 51) A control mechanism 60 for controlling the amount of compost raw material falling from the end of the conveyor device 18 is provided. (Structure 52) The control mechanism 60 for controlling the amount of the compost material that falls falls in at least one of the conveying speed of the conveyor device 18 and the size of the compost outlet 15 of the storage tank 12. (Configuration 53) The compost raw material pulverized by the pulverizer 14 is stored in the lower fermenter 2.

(Structure 54) The fermentation adjusting means is means for controlling the temperature in the fermenter. (Configuration 55) The fermentation adjusting means is means for controlling the amount of oxygen in the fermenter. (Structure 56) The fermentation adjusting means is characterized by comprising intermittent air supply means for intermittently supplying air to the compost material in the fermenter. By providing the intermittent air supply means, the supply amount of air can be controlled to be small in the initial stage of fermentation, and the organic matter decomposition treatment of the compost raw material by the anaerobic microorganism can be efficiently performed. [Eleventh invention] A compost manufacturing apparatus is characterized by comprising a plurality of fermenters and information detecting means 72 for detecting information related to compost generation in the fermenters. The first invention to the tenth invention, the eleventh invention, the first to fifth configurations.
While being able to grasp each of the components 6 itself as an invention,
Except for those that cannot be logically and physically combined, at least one of the constituent elements can be appropriately combined to form a new invention.

[0028]

Specific embodiments of the first to tenth aspects will be described below with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and can be implemented with appropriate changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention. This compost manufacturing apparatus has a comprehensive system configuration. The basic system configuration is roughly classified as follows. (1) Apparatus and method for cutting and crushing compost raw material from upper fermenter to lower fermenter (2) Apparatus for monitoring compost condition in fermenter (3) When compost raw material is crushed and transferred Method of adjusting moisture content (4) Apparatus and method for accurately porosifying compost raw material according to fermentation state (5) Arrangement of each component for efficiently producing compost in compost manufacturing apparatus Cooperation work (6) Information processing system handled in compost manufacturing equipment

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic configuration diagram mainly showing the compost manufacturing apparatus according to the first, fifth, and ninth inventions. This compost production device is provided between the upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2, and the upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2.
And a relative transfer means for relatively moving the pulverizing / transferring device 4 and the lower fermenter 2 in the horizontal direction. The compost manufacturing apparatus is arranged in the structure 6 on the third floor, and
A lower fermenter 2 is provided on the floor, a crushing transfer device 4 is provided on the second floor, and an upper fermenter 1 is provided on the third floor. The upper fermenter 1, the crusher / transfer device 4, and the lower fermenter 2 are each configured to be sealed by an odor preventing wall 7.

In the first embodiment, the relative moving means is constituted by a lower fermenter moving device 8 for moving the lower fermenter 2 in the horizontal direction, and the crusher / transfer device 4 is fixed. The upper fermenter 1 and the lower fermenter 2 are configured in a tank shape with at least a bottom wall 9 and a side wall 10, and a lid wall (not shown) that can be opened and closed as necessary is used. The bottom wall 9 of each fermenter has a structure in which a door opens inward, and the opening and closing operation tool 11 can open and close the bottom wall 9 from above the fermenter. An air blowing pipe (not shown) is provided on the bottom wall 9 of each fermenter as necessary, so that the compost material attached to the bottom wall 9 can be easily dropped.

The pulverizing / transferring device 4 has a conveying device 13 for sending out the compost raw material 3 while the compost raw material from the upper fermenter 1 falls, and a pulverizing device for crushing the fed compost raw material and dropping it into the lower fermenter 2. At least a device 14 is provided. The storage tank 12 is provided so as to surround the transport device 13 so that the compost material dropped onto the transport device 13 is not excessively scattered. The conveying device 13 is constituted by various conveyor devices 18. The conveyor device 18 is installed at a lower position of the storage tank 12 and transfers the compost raw material 3 toward a compost outlet 15 formed at an end of the storage tank 12. Transport. The compost outlet 15 is provided on a side wall or a bottom wall of the storage tank 12. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the compost outlet 15 is configured such that the opening area thereof can be changed by adjusting the opening angle of the side plate 61 pivotally supported so as to be swingable.

The crushing device 14 is provided at a lower position where it can receive the compost material falling from the end of the conveyor device 18. The pulverizing device 14 has an upper wall and a bottom wall open, and a pair of rotary drums 17 are axially supported side by side in a cylindrical casing 16 composed of four side walls. On the peripheral surface of the rotary drum 17, blades (not shown) for crushing the compost material that has fallen into the crushing device 14 by finely crushing the material are provided upright. In addition, the compost raw material 3 transported from the conveyor device 18 and falling to the crushing device 14 is configured to have a substantially constant amount per unit time. A water spray device 76 for spraying spray water on the compost material 3 that has been pulverized and falls is provided on the side of the rotary drum 17.

FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram for easily explaining the configuration of a compost manufacturing apparatus provided with the water spraying apparatus. This compost production device includes a crushing device 14 for crushing and dropping the fertilizer raw material 3, a water spray device 76, and a spray control unit 77. The information detecting means 72 detects the moisture content of the compost raw material 3, and The control unit 77 operates the water spraying device 76 based on the detected moisture content, and sprays spray water on the compost material 3 that is pulverized and dropped by the pulverizing device 14 to increase the moisture content of the compost material 3. It is made to let. The simplest control of the spray control unit 77 is, for example, when the moisture content detected in the upper fermenter 1 is smaller than a predetermined moisture content, for example, when the moisture content is 3
In the case of 0% or less, the water spray device 76 is driven to spray the spray water on the compost material 3 during the pulverization transfer. Note that a substance that achieves a predetermined function can be dissolved in the spray water. Further, in this embodiment, the information detecting means 72 is permanently installed in the fermenter, and the bottom wall 9 of the fermenter is inclined upward so as to bend inside the fermenter, so that the bottom wall 9 has an opening for transferring compost material. The information detecting means 72 is attached to the horizontal holding member 78 of the bottom wall 9 so as to extend in the vertical direction. In the conceptual diagram shown in FIG. 10, a configuration in which a crushing device 14 is attached to a lower position of a hopper is shown as an example of a configuration of the crushing and transferring device 4. In FIG. 1, a deodorizing device 64 for reducing the odor of each floor is provided on the first floor.

The operation of the compost manufacturing apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 10. First, an organic material such as garbage (not shown) and a fermented product are mixed, adjusted for water content and mixed, and then a compost material is put into the upper fermenter 1 by a predetermined compost transport system. The primary fermentation is performed by the upper fermenter 1 with the compost raw material put therein. When the primary fermentation step is completed and it is time to move to the lower fermenter 2 where the secondary fermentation is performed, the opening and closing operation tool 11 opens the bottom wall 9 of the upper fermenter 1 and the pulverizing and transferring device 4 performs pulverization. The transfer is performed from the upper fermenter 1 to the lower fermenter 2 while performing. here,
The compost raw material 3 is dropped from the upper fermenter 1 disposed above and brought into a state where the compost raw material 3 is piled up on the conveyor device 18 (indicated by a two-dot chain line 62 in FIG. 1). In this state, the compost material 3 in the upper fermenter is mixed to some extent by natural fall. Further, by driving the conveyor device 18, the piled compost material 3 is vertically sliced from the end of the conveyor (the hatched area 63 in FIG. 1).
), The compost material in the upper, middle, and bottom portions accommodated in the upper fermenter 1 can be mixed well.

Further, since the lower fermenter 2 can be moved in the horizontal direction with respect to the position of the crusher 14 of the crusher / transfer device 4, the lower fermenter 2 matches the compost raw material 3 falling from the crusher 14. 2, the compost raw material 3 can be evenly loaded in the horizontal direction (the S direction in the figure) of the lower fermenter 2 in terms of the air content. Since the compost raw materials 3 are evenly stacked, the fermentation state can be made substantially uniform over the entire horizontal width of the lower fermenter 2. Further, in FIG. 10, when the spray control unit 77 determines that the water content in the upper fermenter 1 is low, the spray water is sprayed on the fertilizer raw material 3 that is pulverized and dropped by the water spray device 76, so that the lower fermentation is performed. Water can be evenly supplied to the fertilizer raw material 3 deposited in the tank 2.

[0036]

Second Embodiment FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a second embodiment. In the second embodiment, a plurality of primary fermenters 20, a plurality of secondary fermenters 21,
A plurality of tertiary fermenters 22 are provided. Secondary fermenter 21
Is the lower fermenter 2 for the primary fermenter 20,
The tertiary fermenter 22 is the upper fermenter 1. Also,
Upper side of primary fermenter 20, primary fermenter 20 and secondary fermenter 2
1, a traveling space 23 is provided between the secondary fermentation tank 21 and the tertiary fermentation tank 22 in which the crushing and transferring device 4 moves, and the crushing and transferring device is fixed to the fixed upper fermenter 1 and lower fermenter 2. 4 can be run. The compost material 3 is also supplied to the primary fermenter 20 (the uppermost fermenter) via the pulverizer / transfer device 4.

The crushing and transferring apparatus 4 according to this embodiment has a configuration in which compost outlets 15 are provided at both ends of the storage tank 12 in the horizontal direction, and crushers 14 are provided below the plurality of compost outlets 15. Taking as an example the crushing and transporting device 4a that moves in the running space 23 between the secondary fermenter 21 and the tertiary fermenter 22, the lower fermenter 2a located on the left side when viewed from the crushing and transporting device 4a has a left side. The crushing device 14a is used for crushing and dropping, and the lower fermenter 2b located on the right side of the crushing and transferring device 4a is crushed and dropped using the right crushing device 14b. Can be shortened.

[0038]

Third Embodiment FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of a compost manufacturing apparatus for explaining a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional plan view thereof, and FIG. FIG. 6 and FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams for explaining the division of each room in the height direction in the compost production apparatus. The third embodiment includes a plurality of upper fermenters and a plurality of lower fermenters, and the crushing and transferring device 4 moves a traveling space between the upper fermenter and the lower fermenter, and The basic configuration is to transfer the compost raw material from the fermenter to the lower fermenter while grinding it.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the compost production apparatus is divided into seven spaces (layers) in the vertical direction,
Each of the four layers 34 and the six layers 36 has a horizontal 3 as shown in FIG.
15 fermenters, 5 in length, are arranged in a fixed state. As shown in FIG. 3, the fermenters arranged in the six layers 36 are the primary fermenter 20, the fermenters arranged in the four layers 34 are the secondary fermenters 21, and the fermenter arranged in the two layers 32 is the tertiary fermenter. The fermenter 22 is provided. The volume of the fermenter is, for example, 10 m
It is about ³ to ³⁰ m ³ . In FIG. 3, three layers 33 and five layers 3
The fifth and seventh layers 37 are traveling spaces 23 in which the above-mentioned crushing and transferring device 4 moves. In this embodiment, the crushing and transferring device 4 moves along the running path 24 (see FIG. 4) in the running space 23. It is configured as follows.

The lowermost layer 31 is provided with a discharge device 25 for discharging compost from the tertiary fermentation tank 22. The discharge device 25 separates the compost discharged from the tertiary fermentation tank 22 for each fermentation tank. It is configured to discharge compost. In the case of the third embodiment, three layers 33, five layers 35,
By moving the crushing and transferring device 4 two-dimensionally in the seven layers 37, the transfer and crushing of the compost material from each primary fermentation tank to the secondary fermentation tank can be performed with a small number of crushing and transferring devices. Can be cheaper.

[0041]

Fourth Embodiment Next, a fourth embodiment, which is one configuration example of the third invention, will be described with reference to FIGS. The fourth embodiment acquires a plurality of fermenters, a compost monitoring device 26 that moves relatively to the fermenters at a position above the position where the fermenters are provided, and information on compost generation in each fermenter. Information detecting means (not shown), and relatively moving the compost monitoring device 26 to a corresponding position of each fermenter, and detecting information on compost generation of each fermenter using the information detecting means. Features. Referring to FIG. 3, the compost monitoring device 26 includes three layers 33, five layers 35,
The seven layers 37 are provided movably for each fermenter. The three layers 33, the five layers 35, and the seven layers 37 are configured to be able to move in the traveling space 23 also as the pulverizing / transporting device 4. The compost monitoring device 26 is provided with a fermenter opening / closing device 27 capable of operating the above-described fermenter opening / closing operation tool 11,
Each fermenter can also be opened and closed. The opening / closing operation tool 11 does not have a power source for opening and closing, and the compost monitoring device 26 has a power source for opening and closing the bottom wall 9.

Although the information detecting means is mainly provided in the compost monitoring device 26, the information such as temperature and moisture content may be detected in each fermenter. According to the second embodiment, since the state of the plurality of fermenters can be obtained by relatively moving the compost monitoring device 26, it is simpler than the configuration in which the compost monitoring device 26 is provided for each fermenter. It is also possible to obtain information on the compost production state at low cost.

[0043]

Fifth Embodiment Next, a fifth embodiment, which is one configuration example of the seventh and eighth inventions, will be described with reference to FIG. 2 and FIGS. The fifth embodiment mainly relates to an arrangement configuration of a compost manufacturing apparatus. As shown in FIG. 2, in the fifth embodiment, an upper fermenter arranging section 28 in which a plurality of upper fermenters 1 are arranged and a lower fermenter in which a plurality of lower fermenters 2 are arranged. Unit 29, a pulverizing / transferring device 4 for transferring the compost raw material from the upper fermenter 1 to the lower fermenter 2 while pulverizing the compost material, an upper fermenter arrangement unit 28 and a lower fermenter arrangement unit 29
And a traveling space 23 for moving the pulverizing / transferring device 4 provided therebetween. Also, with reference to FIG. 3, if the upper fermenter disposing unit is a room (the six layers 36) in which a plurality of primary fermenters 20 are arranged,
A room in which a plurality of secondary fermenters 21 are arranged (the four-layer 3
4) corresponds to the lower fermenter disposing section 29.

The traveling space 23 is provided with the fermenter disposition sections 28 and 29
The pulverizing / transferring device 4 is formed so as to be able to travel with respect to all of the fermenters disposed in. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the traveling space 23 includes a horizontal traveling space 38 corresponding to the row direction and a vertical traveling space 39 corresponding to the vertical direction. The compost monitoring device 26 is also configured to be able to travel in the horizontal traveling space 38 and the vertical traveling space 40 in the same manner. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper fermenter disposition portion and the lower fermenter disposition portion are provided with a partition wall 41 and can be hermetically sealed. With the partition wall 41 that can be opened and closed, the vertical traveling space 39 functions as the crushing and transporting device retreating section, and the vertical traveling space 40 functions as the compost monitoring device retreating section. The partition wall 41 employs a double door system so that odor and sewage do not leak out of the compost manufacturing apparatus (compost manufacturing building). An elevator 42 is provided near the vertical traveling space 39 of the crushing and transporting device 4 as an elevating means capable of moving the crushing and transporting device 4 up and down to each floor.

[0045]

Sixth Embodiment FIG. 7 is an overall system diagram of a compost manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a simplified control system diagram. As shown in FIG. 7, the compost production device includes a garbage input hopper 43 serving as a main raw material, a sludge input hopper 44,
A garbage dry matter input hopper 65 is provided, and garbage and sludge are main compost materials. As raw materials, dried garbage and fermented product (compost) are used. The dried garbage is input from the garbage input hopper 65, and the fermented product is input from the compost input hopper 66. Is done. Garbage input hopper 43, sludge input hopper 44
When the main raw material is put in, the dried garbage and the fermented product are mixed in the mixer 46 to adjust the moisture,
It is stored in the compost raw material hopper 47. As means for adjusting the moisture in this way, a garbage dry matter input hopper 65,
By providing the compost input hopper 66, the compost circulates in the compost production device and all the processing is completed,
The water content can be adjusted easily and accurately.

The compost raw material stored in the compost raw material hopper 47 is weighed by a measuring device 48,
Is transferred to the primary fermenter 20. The above-mentioned pulverizing / transferring device 4 is used as a device for supplying a compost material from the transport device 49 to the individual primary fermenters 20. In the primary fermentation tank 20 and the secondary fermentation tank 21, those having a poor degree of fermentation are mixed by the pulverizing / transferring device 4 through a defective raw material hopper 50 provided facing the traveling space 23.
6 and the compost raw material hopper 50. In addition, a conveying device 25 is provided for separating the compost discharged from the tertiary fermenter 22, which is the lowermost fermenter, into each fermenter and discharging the compost. A part of the compost is returned to the compost input hopper 66 for reuse as an auxiliary material (fermented product).
At the time of mixing in the mixer 46, a fermentation promoter is supplied from the fermentation promoter input hopper 52 as necessary.

As shown in FIG. 8, the crushing / transferring device 4 and the compost monitoring device 26 are respectively connected to the central control device 54 and the communication means 6.
7. Further, information detecting means 72 such as a temperature sensor and a moisture content sensor fixed to each fermenter.
Is input into the centralized management device 54 by the signal transmission means 81. Furthermore, the central management device 5
4 sends the information such as the number of the fermenter to transfer the compost to the pulverizer / transfer device 4, and also sends the number of the fermenter to drop the compost to the compost monitoring device 26 and the number of the fermenter to detect the information related to the compost production. send. The centralized management device 54 also manages the transport device 25 that sorts the compost discharged from the lowermost fermentation tank for each fermentation tank and discharges the compost. Further, based on the information selected from the compost monitoring device 26, the compost of the fermenter to be returned to the defective weight loss hopper 50 (see FIG. 7) is determined. The central control device 54 determines whether or not to transfer the compost raw material of the upstream fermenter to the downstream fermenter based on information from the information detecting means 72 or the compost monitoring device 26 fixed to each fermenter. Is determined. Then, when the fermentation progress of the accumulated upper fermenter stagnates and it is judged that it is better to perform the porous treatment again and perform the fermentation, when transferring to the downstream fermenter, the compost raw material is removed. Porous processing is performed by pulverization. On the other hand, when it is determined that the fermentation progress of the deposited upper fermenter is still in the middle of the fermentation and the fermentation can be advanced in the upper fermenter, the fermentation progress in the upper fermenter is stopped until the fermentation progress is stagnated. Continue fermentation. By providing such a centralized management device 54, a system for producing compost completely unmanned becomes possible.

[0048]

Seventh Embodiment A seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the seventh embodiment, the crushing transfer device and the compost monitoring device are fixed, and the lower fermenter is a container whose bottom wall is openable and closable,
Move the container by itself or another force (such as a conveyor),
The compost manufacturing device is configured by being configured to be movable to the positions of the pulverizing transfer device and the compost monitoring device. In addition, the upper fermenter can also be configured to be movable with respect to the pulverization transfer device and the compost monitoring device. Further, as exemplified in FIGS. 3 to 5, in addition to the upper fermenter and the lower fermenter, the position of the pulverizing / transferring device or the compost monitoring device can also be configured to be movable.

[0049]

Eighth Embodiment Next, an eighth embodiment, which is an example of the configuration of the fourth invention, will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 (A) is a schematic perspective view of the compost production apparatus, and FIG.
(B) is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 9 (C) is a plan view. In this compost production apparatus, the accommodating space 70
The fermentation state is formed in a horizontally long fermentation groove 71 in which the fermentation conditions are not influenced by each other by separating the compost raw materials 3 by a predetermined distance and piled up. There is a configuration. Side wall 71a of fermentation ditch 71
The information detecting means 72 is configured to be able to be inserted and removed. The porosification processing means 73 for making each compost raw material 3 porous is constituted by a turning device 80, and the turning device 80 is configured to be able to travel above the fermentation groove 71 in the extending direction of the fermentation groove 71. . Switching device 8
The configuration of 0 is not particularly limited as long as each compost material 3 can be independently turned back.

The information on compost production detected by the information detecting means 73 can be exemplified by the temperature of the compost raw material 3, the moisture content of the compost raw material 3, and the like. The information detecting means 73 is the side wall 7
It is configured so that it can be inserted and removed from 1a so that there is no risk of damaging the information detecting means 72 in the compost material 3 when the switching device 73 turns over the pile of each compost material 3. . The information detecting means 72 is provided individually corresponding to each compost raw material 3 so that information on the compost raw material 3 can be always detected.

The information detected by the information detecting means 72 is input to the porous processing control section 74,
Based on the information on the compost generation detected by the above, the porosification processing control unit 74 determines whether or not a cut-back process for mixing the air of the compost raw material in each compost raw material is necessary, and it is determined that it is necessary. The compost material 3 is turned back using the turning device 80, and the compost material 3 determined to be unnecessary is not subjected to the turning process. For example, referring to FIG. 9 (B), when the temperature of the compost material 3a becomes constant and the fermentation is determined to be stagnant, the compost material 3a is turned back. When it is determined that the temperature of the compost raw material 3b is rising and the fermentation process is in progress, the switching device 73 runs on the compost raw material 3b so as not to perform the cutting process of the compost raw material 3b. I do. The arrangement space was reduced by vertically arranging the fermenters shown in FIG. 9, and the composting material was crushed during the transfer to the upper fermenter and the lower fermenter to perform the porous treatment. Is the embodiment shown in FIGS. That is, the fourth invention is preferably used in combination with the first invention or the seventh invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a compost production apparatus for explaining a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view of a compost production device according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged side sectional view of a compost production apparatus according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining division of each room in the height direction in the compost production apparatus.

FIG. 7 is an overall system diagram of a compost production apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a simplified control system diagram of the compost production apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view showing an eighth embodiment which is an example of the configuration of the fourth invention. FIG. 9 (A) is a schematic perspective view of the compost production apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 9C is a longitudinal sectional view and FIG.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining a fifth invention including a water spray device.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the internal state of the compost materials stacked.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... upper fermenter, 2 ... lower fermenter, 3 ... compost raw material, 4 ...
Crushing and transferring device, 9 bottom wall, 12 storage tank, 13 transporting device, 14 crushing device, 15 compost outlet, 18 conveyer device, 23 running space, 25 discharge device, 26 compost monitoring device, 28: Upper fermenter disposition unit, 29: Lower fermenter disposition unit, 42: Elevator, 49: Transport device, 54: Centralized control device, 60: Control mechanism, 73: Porous processing means, 74: Porous Processing control means, 76: water spray device, 77: spray control means.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Koji Kuroda, Inventor 1-25 Omasumachi, Ashiya-shi, Hyogo Global Environment Improvement System Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Nagahisa Kameda 1 Takamatsucho, Kosai-cho, Koga-gun, Shiga Prefecture F-term in reference

Claims (52)

[Claims] A fertilizer producing apparatus comprising: preparing a plurality of fermenters, sequentially transferring a compost material to the plurality of fermenters, and performing a fermentation process in each fermenter to obtain a compost. And the lower fermenter (2) and the upper fermenter (1)
A crushing transfer device (4) provided between the lower fermenter (2) and the lower fermenter (2) for transferring the compost raw material from the upper fermenter (1) to the lower fermenter (2) while crushing. ) And a lower fermenter (2) in a horizontal direction. 2. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of upper fermenters (1) and a plurality of lower fermenters (2) are provided.
And a compost production apparatus comprising: 3. A plurality of fermenters whose fermentation conditions are not affected by each other, information detecting means (72) for detecting information on compost generation in the fermenter, and said information detecting means.
(72) is provided, and has a compost monitoring device (26) that moves its position relative to the plurality of fermenters, and moves the compost monitoring device (26) to a corresponding position of each fermenter. A fertilizer producing apparatus for detecting compost in each fermenter using the information detecting means (72). 4. A plurality of fermenters whose fermentation conditions are not influenced by each other, information detecting means (72) for detecting information on compost generation in the fermenters, and a compost material for the fermenters.
(3) has a porosification processing means (73), and a porosification processing control means (74), based on information on compost generation detected by the information detection means (72),
Porous treatment control means (74) determines whether or not a porous treatment for mixing the air of the compost raw material in each fermenter is necessary, and the compost raw material of the fermenter that has been determined to be necessary is the fermenter. Performing the porous treatment using the porous treatment means (73), characterized in that the compost raw material of the fermentation tank determined to be unnecessary is not subjected to the porous treatment,
Compost production equipment. 5. A plurality of fermenters whose fermentation conditions are not affected by each other, information detecting means (72) for detecting information on compost generation in the fermenters, and a fertilizer raw material from the plurality of fermenters. A crushing device (14) for crushing and dropping, a water spray device (76), and a spray control device (77), wherein the information detection device (72) detects the moisture content of the compost material, and the spray control device (77) operates the water spray device (76) based on the detected water content, and
A compost production apparatus characterized by increasing the water content of the compost material (3) by spraying spray water onto the compost material (3) which is pulverized and dropped by 4). 6. The compost production apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said information detecting means is provided for each fermenter.
(72) The compost production apparatus characterized by being fixedly provided. 7. An upper fermenter disposing section (28) in which a plurality of upper fermenters (1) are disposed, and a lower fermenter disposing section (29) in which a plurality of lower fermenters (2) are disposed. ), A pulverizing / transferring device (4) for transferring the compost raw material from the upper fermenter (1) to the lower fermenter (2) while pulverizing, and an upper fermenter disposition section (28) and a lower fermenter disposition. Department
And a traveling space (23) for moving the crushing and transferring device (4) between the (29) and (29). 8. The compost production apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the upper fermenter disposing section (28) and the lower fermenter disposing section are arranged.
(29) A fertilizer production apparatus characterized in that each of them is configured to be hermetically sealable. 9. A crusher (14) for crushing compost raw materials is disposed below an end of the conveyor device (18), and the compost raw material is dropped from a compost raw material holding means disposed above the conveyer raw material. The composting material (3) is piled up in a pile on the device (18), and the crushing device (3) is driven so as to vertically slice the piled composting material (3) from the end of the conveyor by driving the conveyor device (18). 14) A compost manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that it is configured to be dropped to 14). 10. The compost producing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a fermentation adjusting means for adjusting a fermentation state in the fermenter. 11. The compost manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crushing and transferring device (4) is movable in a horizontal direction with respect to the fixed lower fermenter (2), whereby the relative movement is performed. A compost manufacturing apparatus, characterized by comprising means. 12. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower fermenter (2) is movable in a horizontal direction with respect to a fixed crusher / transfer device (4), so that the relative movement is achieved. A compost manufacturing apparatus, characterized by comprising means. 13. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for moving the upper fermenter (1) relative to the crushing and transferring device (4) in a horizontal direction. , Compost production equipment. 14. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fermenters are vertically arranged in three or more layers, and each of the fermenters is disposed between the upper fermenter (1) and the lower fermenter (2). A compost manufacturing apparatus comprising a crushing and transferring device (4) and the relative moving means. 15. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper fermenter (1) is connected to the lower fermenter.
(2) The compost production apparatus, wherein the transfer of the compost to (2) includes a transfer step by gravity. 16. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crushing and transferring device (4) is an upper fermenter.
A compost manufacturing apparatus comprising a storage tank (12) such as a hopper for temporarily storing compost moving from (1). 17. The compost production apparatus according to claim 16, wherein a compost outlet (15) is provided at an end of the storage tank (12). 18. The compost production apparatus according to claim 16, wherein a compost outlet (15) is provided at both ends of the storage tank (12).
A compost manufacturing device, characterized by having a 19. The compost manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crushing and transferring device (4) includes a conveying device (13) for sending out the compost, and a crushing device (14) for crushing the sent out compost. ) And a compost manufacturing apparatus. 20. The composting apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the crushing and transferring device (4) sprays water in a spraying state on the compost material being crushed and dropped by the crushing device (14). ), Which comprises: 21. The composting apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the crushing and transferring device (4) includes a crushing device (14).
Is provided below the compost outlet (15) of the storage tank (12). 22. The compost production apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the compost in the storage tank (12) is discharged from a compost outlet (15).
Having a transfer device (13) for transferring to
Compost production equipment. 23. The compost manufacturing apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the conveying device (13) conveys a certain amount of compost. 24. The composting device according to claim 19, wherein the crushing device (14) includes a rotating drum (17) having blades around it. 25. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bottom wall (9) of the fermenter has an openable structure. 26. The fertilizer production apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the bottom wall (9) of the fermenter is an inwardly-opening door. 27. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper fermenter (1) and the lower fermenter (2) are provided in a line in the upper and lower rows, and have the same width in the horizontal direction. A compost manufacturing device, characterized in that: 28. The compost production apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the compost raw materials 3 are spatially separated and deposited in a single fermentation tank, so that the plurality of fermentations is obtained. A compost manufacturing device characterized by functioning as a tank. 29. The compost production apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the bottom wall of the fermenter is inclined upward so as to bend inside the fermenter, so that the compost material is formed on the bottom wall. An apparatus for producing compost, wherein an opening for transfer is formed, and the information detecting means (72) is attached to a horizontal holding member (78) on the bottom wall so as to extend in a vertical direction. 30. The compost production apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the information on compost production is information on compost raw materials in the fermenter, the date and time of the introduction of the raw materials, the temperature of the fermenter,
It is characterized by containing at least one moisture content of the compost material. 31. The compost production apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the fermenter is fixed and the compost monitor (26) moves. 32. The compost production apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the compost monitoring device (26) is fixed and the fermenter is moved. 33. The fertilizer manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the bottom wall (9) of the fermenter has an openable structure, and a compost monitoring device (26) opens and closes the bottom wall (9). A compost manufacturing device characterized by the following. 34. The compost production apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 6, further comprising a centralized management device (54) for managing a production state of the plurality of fermenters, and information detecting means.
(72) Centralized management device for information on compost generation detected
(54) A compost production apparatus, comprising: an information transmission unit for transmitting the information to (54). 35. The compost production apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the central control device (54) is provided with information detecting means.
In response to the detection of the state of the compost in the fermenter by (72), a step of transferring the compost to the downstream fermenter is performed, or the compost raw material in the fermenter is returned to the previous step as a defective compost. A compost manufacturing apparatus characterized by selecting either one of the above. 36. The compost production apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of fermenters are two-dimensionally arranged in a horizontal direction. 37. It has both the configuration of the compost production device according to claim 3 and the configuration of the compost production device according to claim 7, and only the pulverization transfer device (4) is provided in the traveling space (23). A compost monitoring device (26), and the compost monitoring device (26). 38. The compost production apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a pulverizing / transporting device retreating section is provided so that the pulverizing / transporting device (4) can be retracted from the fermentation gas generation space. Compost production equipment. 39. The compost production apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a compost monitoring device retreating section is provided so that the compost monitoring device (26) can be retracted from the fermentation gas generation space. Compost production equipment. 40. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an elevating means (42) capable of moving up and down the pulverizing / transporting apparatus (4) in each layer. Compost production equipment. 41. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 7, wherein at least a compost raw material is supplied via a pulverization transfer device (4) corresponding to the uppermost fermenter. A compost manufacturing device characterized by the following. 42. The compost production apparatus according to claim 41, wherein the compost raw material is at least a top layer pulverization transfer apparatus.
(4) A compost manufacturing device, comprising a transport device (49) for transporting the compost to (4). 43. The composting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the compost discharged from the lowermost fermentation tank is divided for each fermentation tank and the composting apparatus discharges compost.
5) A compost manufacturing apparatus characterized by the provision of 5). 44. The compost production apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said compost raw material holding means is constituted by an upper fermenter (1). 45. The compost production apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the compost raw material holding means does not include a compost feeding means for applying pressure to the compost raw material, and the discharge of the compost raw material is performed simply by dropping the compost raw material. A compost manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that 46. The composting device according to claim 1 and the composting device according to claim 9, wherein the conveyor device (18) is connected to the crushing and transferring device.
(4) A compost production apparatus characterized by comprising the conveyor apparatus (18) in (4). 47. The compost production apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a control mechanism (60) for controlling an amount of compost raw material falling from an end of the conveyor device (18). Compost production equipment. 48. The compost production apparatus according to claim 47, wherein the control mechanism (60) comprises a conveyor device (18).
Wherein at least one of the conveying speed of the container and the size of the compost outlet (15) of the storage tank (12) is changed. 49. The compost production apparatus according to claim 44, wherein the compost raw material pulverized by the pulverizer (14) is stored in a lower fermenter (2). . 50. The compost manufacturing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the water spraying device (76) sprays spray water from a side of the compost material (3) which is crushed and dropped. apparatus. 51. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fermenter is used as a compost storage tank. 52. The compost production apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said fermentation adjusting means is constituted by intermittent air supply means for intermittently supplying air to a compost material in a fermenter. Compost production equipment.