HRP960400A2 - New carbonic acid derivatives, their preparation and their use - Google Patents
New carbonic acid derivatives, their preparation and their use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- HRP960400A2 HRP960400A2 HR19533025.0A HRP960400A HRP960400A2 HR P960400 A2 HRP960400 A2 HR P960400A2 HR P960400 A HRP960400 A HR P960400A HR P960400 A2 HRP960400 A2 HR P960400A2
- Authority
- HR
- Croatia
- Prior art keywords
- image
- alkyl
- methyl
- phenyl
- alkylthio
- Prior art date
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- -1 C1 -C4-alkylthio Chemical group 0.000 claims description 136
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000000229 (C1-C4)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen dioxide Chemical compound O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004520 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N allene Chemical group C=C=C IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004619 benzopyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 34
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 27
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 102000002045 Endothelin Human genes 0.000 description 19
- 108050009340 Endothelin Proteins 0.000 description 19
- ZUBDGKVDJUIMQQ-UBFCDGJISA-N endothelin-1 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)[C@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]2CSSC[C@@H](C(N[C@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N2)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](N)CSSC1)C1=CNC=N1 ZUBDGKVDJUIMQQ-UBFCDGJISA-N 0.000 description 19
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000004992 fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 16
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 101800004490 Endothelin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 102100033902 Endothelin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 102000010180 Endothelin receptor Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108050001739 Endothelin receptor Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 6
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- REDVYVVPIKMRHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-diphenylbutanoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC(O)=O)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 REDVYVVPIKMRHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 4
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 3
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- DWSUJONSJJTODA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(chloromethyl)-1,3-benzodioxole Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 DWSUJONSJJTODA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940118365 Endothelin receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonine Natural products C1C(C(C2)C=C)CCN2C1C(O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002308 endothelin receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N (-)-ephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003626 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group Chemical group [*]N1N=C([H])N=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004173 1-benzimidazolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=NC2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C2N1* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000069 2-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006176 2-ethylbutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000006024 2-pentenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QMYGBLKCIWTVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-bis(4-methoxy-3-methylphenyl)butanoic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C)C(OC)=CC=C1C(C)(CC(O)=O)C1=CC=C(OC)C(C)=C1 QMYGBLKCIWTVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HTMFGABBGCMGAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)butanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(C)(CC(O)=O)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 HTMFGABBGCMGAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006050 3-methyl-2-pentenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
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- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000700199 Cavia porcellus Species 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 2
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N Quinine Chemical compound C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C2)C[N@@]1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000001647 Renal Insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010047139 Vasoconstriction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910000095 alkaline earth hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VIROVYVQCGLCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N amobarbital Chemical compound CC(C)CCC1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O VIROVYVQCGLCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004978 chinese hamster ovary cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- KMPWYEUPVWOPIM-KODHJQJWSA-N cinchonidine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C([C@H]([C@H]3[N@]4CC[C@H]([C@H](C4)C=C)C3)O)=CC=NC2=C1 KMPWYEUPVWOPIM-KODHJQJWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMPWYEUPVWOPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonidine Natural products C1=CC=C2C(C(C3N4CCC(C(C4)C=C)C3)O)=CC=NC2=C1 KMPWYEUPVWOPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-ephedrine Natural products CNC(C)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D213/63—One oxygen atom
- C07D213/64—One oxygen atom attached in position 2 or 6
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/08—Vasodilators for multiple indications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C57/00—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C57/30—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C57/00—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C57/30—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C57/38—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing six-membered aromatic rings polycyclic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
- C07C59/58—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/64—Unsaturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups containing six-membered aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Description
Predloženi izum odnosi se na nove derivate karbonskih kiselina, njihovu proizvodnju i upotrebu.
Endotelin je peptid izgraden od 21 aminokiseline, kojeg sintetizira i oslobađa vaskularni endotel. Endotelin postoji u tri izomerna oblika, ET-1, ET-2 i ET-3. U nastavku se jedan ili svi izomerni oblici endotelina označavaju kao "endotelin" 111 "ET". Endotelin je jaki vazokonstriktor i ima jak utjecaj na tonus krvnih žila. Poznato je da tu vazokonstrikciju uzrokuje vezanje endotelina na njegov receptor (Nature, 332, 411-415, 1988; FEBS Letters, 231, 440-444, 1988 i Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 154, 868-875, 1988).
Povišeno ili nenormalno oslobađanje endotelina uzrokuje trajnu kontrakciju žila u perifernim, renalnim i cerebralnim krvnim žilama, koja može dovesti do bolesti. Kako je poznato iz literature, povišena razina endotelina u plazmi bila je pronađena kod pacijenata s hipertonijom, akutnim infarktom miokarda, pulmonalnom hipertonijom, Raynaudovim sindromom, aterosklerozom i u dišnim putevima astmatičara (Japan J. Hypertension, 12, 79, (1989), J. Vascular Med. Biology 2, 207 (1990), J. Am. Med. Associatlon 264, 2868 (1990).
Prema tome, tvari koje inhibiraju specifično vezanje endotelina na receptor, antagoniziraju gore navedene različite fiziološke efekte endotelina i stoga predstavljaju dragocjene lijekove.
Sada je bilo pronađeno, (WO 94/02474), da su određeni derivati karbonskih kiselina opće formule Q dobri inhibitori receptora endotelina.
[image]
Ovdje se međutim uzimaju u obzir pretežno spojevi s dvostrukorn vezom u molekuli. Pored RA i RB na β-središtu dopušta se najviše jedan vodikov atom.
Sada je iznenađujuće pronađeno, da se taj vodikov atom može nadomjestiti s alkilnim ostatkom. Pri tome nastaje kvaterno β-središte, čime se istovremeno postiže veliko povećanje učinkovitosti prema receptorima endotelina (vidi primjere).
Predmet izuma su derivati karbonskih kiselina formule I
[image]
u kojoj
R1 predstavlja tetrazol, nitril, skupinu COOH ili ostatak koji hidrolizira u COOH, a preostali supstituenti imaju slijedeće značenje:
R2 i R3 (jednaki ili različiti) mogu biti:
fenil ili naftil, koji mogu biti supstituirani s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka: halogen, cijano, NO2, hidroksi, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi, fenoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, amino, benziloksi,
C1-C4-alkilamino ili C1-C4-dialkilamino;
ili
fenil ili naftil, koji su međusobno povezani u orto položaju preko jedne izravne veze, metilenske, etilenske ili etenilne skupine, jednog kisikovog ili sumpornog atoma;
R4 može biti fenil ili naftil, metilendioksifenil, etilendioksifenil, indalil, indolil, piridil, benzo-piranil, furanil, benzofuranil, izooksazolil, izotiazolil, 1,3,4-tiadiazolil, pirimidinil, 2,3-dihidrobenzofuranil, benzotienil, kinolinil, C3-C7-cikloalkil, tienil, oksazolil, tiazolil, koji mogu biti supstituirani s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka: halogen, cijano, hidroksi, NO2, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi, fenoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, amino, benziloksi, C1-C4-alkilamino ili C1-C4-dialkilamino, pri čemu alkilni ostaci mogu zajedno tvoriti prsten;
R5 je C1-C8-alkil, C3-C6-alkenil, C3-C6-alkinil ili C3-C8-cikloalkil, pri čemu ti ostaci mogu ponekad biti jednostruko ili višestruko supstituirani s halogenim, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, C1-C4-alkilamino, di- C1-C4-alkilamino, fenil, benzil, 1-metilnaftil, 2-metilnaftil ili naftil koji može biti supstituiran s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka: halogenim, cijano, hidroksi, amino, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, fenoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, dioksometilen ili dioksoetilen;
n je 1-2.
Spojevi, a također i međuproizvodi za njihovu proizvodnju, kao npr. Va, mogu imati jedan ili više asimetrično supstituiranih ugljikovih atoma. Takovi spojevi mogu postojati kao čisti enantiomeri, odnosno čisti diastereomeri ili kao njihova mješavina. Kao aktivna tvar upotrebljava se ponajprije enatiomerno čisti spoj.
Predmet izuma je nadalje upotreba gore navedenih derivata karbonskih kiselina za proizvodnju lijekova, osobito za proizvodnju inhibitora receptora endotelina.
Spojevi formule I mogu se proizvesti tako, da se najprije keton tipa II kemijski pretvori s fosfonoesterom formule III u prisutnosti baze u spoj formule IV.
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Kao otapala služe aprotička polarna otapala kao npr. DMF ili THF.
Kao baza može poslužiti alkalijski i zemno alkalijski hidrid kao natrijev hidrid, kalijev hidrid ili kalcijev hidrid, karbonat ili karbonat alkalijskog metala, npr. natrijev ili kalijev karbonat, hidroksid alkalijskog ili zemno alkalijskog metala, kao natrijev ili kalijev hidroksid, metaloorganski spoj kao butil-litij, alkalijski alkoholat ili kalijev tetrabutanolat ili alkalijski amid kao litijev diizopropilamid.
Pri tome reakcija se provodi ponajprije u temperaturnom području izmedu 0°C i vrelišta otapala odnosno mješavine otapala.
Spojevi tipa IV mogu se zatim s aromatskim spojevima, u prisutnosti katalizatora, kemijski pretvoriti u derivate karbonskih kiselina opće formule Va.
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Pri tome kao katalizatori u obzir dolaze jake anorganske kiseline, te Lewisove kiseline. To su primjerice, između ostalih, sumporna kiselina, aluminijev triklorid, cinkov klorid ili željezni triklorid, tako se slobodna kiselina može dobiti izravno.
Alternativno simetrični derivati karbonskih kiselina formule Vb mogu se dobiti iz p-dikarbonilnog spoja VI i aromatskog spoja u prisutnosti katalizatora.
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Pri tome kao katalizatori u obzir dolaze jake anorganske kiseline, te Lewisove kiseline. To su primjerice, između ostalih, sumporna kiselina, aluminijev triklorid, cinkov klorid ili željezni triklorid (vidi također: Gogte G.R. et al., J. Univ. Bombay, Sect. A, 27, 1958, 41).
Daljnja mogućnost za proizvodnju spojeva tipa Va može poći od ketona VII
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koji se s kiselinom, u prisutnosti baze kao piridina ili natrijevog hidrida, može pretvoriti u spoj tipa VIII
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Ako se spojevi tipa VIII kemijski pretvaraju u dietileteru s Grignardovim reagensom opće formule IX
R3-Mg Y
Y = Br, CI, J (IX)
dobiju se spojevi tipa X
[image]
pri čemu korisna može biti dodatna upotreba bakrenih soli, kao bakrenog klorida, bakrenog bromida, bakrenog jodida ili bakrenog cijanida. i prisutnost Lewisove kiseline kao trimetilsililklorida ili bortrifluorideterata.
Hidrolize spojeva formule X s mineralnim kiselinama, kao što su solna kiselina ili sumporna kiselina, mogu dovesti do spojeva Va (R = OH).
Daljnje mogućnosti za proizvodnju spojeva Va mogu se provesti analogno propisima opisanim u Zimmermann H.E. et al., J. Ain. Chem. Soc. 83. 1961 ili Yu A.J. et al., J. Org. Chem. 23, 1958, 1004.
Spojevi formule Va i Vb mogu se prevesti u anion (odnosno dianion za R = H) pri temperaturi od -78°C do sobne temperature s jakom bazom kao npr. butil-litijem ili litijevim diizopropilamidom u inertnom otapalu kao npr. dietileteru ili tetrahidrofuranu i u atmosferi dnertnog plina kao dušiku ili argonu. Taj anion reagira sa sredstvima za alkiliranje tipa VII pri temperaturama od -78°C do sobne temperature. Nakon gašenja reakcije s konc. NH4Cl ili s razrijeđenom mineralnom kiselinom kao što je HCl dobiju se spojevi formule I
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Spojevi tipa 1 sa R1 = triazol mogu se sintetizirati počevsi od karbonske kiseline 1 (R1 = COOH). U tu svrhu karbonska kiselina kemijski se mijenja s tionilkloridom pri sobnoj temperaturi u kiselinski klorid i na kraju s vodenom otopinom amonijaka u kiselinski amid formule XII.
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Amidi formule XII mogu se kemijski promijeniti u nitrile formule XIII s oksalilkloridom ili fosfornim oksikloridom ili anhidridom trifluoroctene kiseline u DMF-u ili piridinu pri temperaturi od 0°C do sobne temperature.
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Kemijska pretvorba nitrila formule XIII s natrijevim azidom ili trimetilsililazidom u prikladnom otapalu, kao što su dimetilformamid, tetrahidrofuran ili l-metil-2-pirolidon, u prisutnosti katalizatora, kao amonijevog klorida (vidi također: Bernstein P.R. et al., Synthesis, 1987, 1133), pri sobnoj ili povišenoj temperaturi, daje tetrazole XIV
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Spojevi formule I mogu se proizvesti također i tako da se pođe od odgovarajućih karbonskih kiselina, tj. spojeva formule I u kojima R predstavlja COOH, i njih se najprije na uobičajen način prevede u aktivirani oblik, kao kiselinski halogenid, anhidrid ili imidazoiid i taj se zatim kemijski pretvara s odgovarajućim hidroksilnim spojem HOR. Ta kemijska pretvorba može se provesti u uobičajenim otapalima i često zahtjeva dodatak baze, pri čemu u obzir dolaze gore navedene baze. Oba postupka mogu se primjerice pojednostaviti tako da se karbonsku kiselinu u prisutnosti sredstva za odcjepljenje vode, kao karbodimida, pusti djelovati na hidroksilni spoj.
Osim toga, spojevi formule I mogu se proizvesti i tako da se pođe od soli odgovarajućih karbonskih kiselina, tj. spojeva formule I, u kojima R1 predstalja skupinu COR, a R predstalja OM, pri čemu M može biti kation alkalijskog metala, ili ekvivalent kationa zemno alkalijskog metala. Te soli mogu se dovesti u reakciju s mnogim spojevima formule R-A, pri čemu A predstavlja uobičajenu nukleofilnu polaznu skupinu, primjerice halogen kao klor, brom, jod ili po potrebi s halogenim, alkilom ili halogenalkilom supstituirani aril- ili alkilsulfonil kao npr. toluol-sulfonil i metilsulfonil ili neku drugu ekvivalentnu polaznu skupinu. Spojevi formule R-A su poznati ili se mogu lako dobiti na osnovi općeg stručnog znanja. Ta kemijska pretvorba može se provesti u uobičajenim otapalima i korisno uz dodatak baze, pri čemu u obzir dolaze one gore navedene.
Enantiomerno čisti spojevi formule I mogu se dobiti tako da se s racemičnim, odnosno diasteremernim spojevima formule VI provede klasično cijepanje racemata s prikladnim enantiomernim bazama, kao što su npr. brucin, strihnin, kinin, kinidin, kinkonidin, kinkonin, johimbin, morfin, dehidroabijetilamin, efedrin (-)/ (+), dezoksi-efedrin (-), (+), treo-2-amino-1-(p-nitrofenil)-1,3-propandiol (-), (+), treo-2-(N,N-dimetilamino)-1-(p-nitrofenil)-1,3-propandiol (+), (-), treo-2-amino-1-fenil-1,3-propandiol (+), (-), a-metilbenzilamin (+), (-), α-(1-naftil)etilamin (+), (-),α -(2-naftil)etilamin (+), (-), aminometilpinan, N,N-dimetil-1-feniletilamin, N-metil-1-feniletilamin, 4-nitrofeniletilamin,
pseudoefedrin, norefedrin, norpseudoefedrin, derivati aminokiselina, derivati peptlda.
Ostatak R1 u formuli I široko je varijabilan. R1 primjerice predstavlja skupinu
[image]
u kojoj R ima slijedeće značenje:
a) sukcinilimidoksi skupina;
b) peteročlani heteroaromat povezan preko dušikovog atoma kao pirolil, pirazolil, imidazolil i triazolil, koji može nositi jedan do dva halogena atoma, osobito fluor i klor i/ili jedan do dva slijedeća ostatka:
C1-C4-alkil kao metil, etil, 1-propil, 2-propil, 2-metil-2-propil, 2-metil-l-propil, 1-butil, 2-butil; C1-C4-halogenalkil, osobito C1-C4-halogenalkil kao primjerice fluormetil, difluormetil, trifluormetil, klor-difluormetil, diklorfluormetil, triklormetil, 1-fluoretil, 2-fluoretil, 2,2-difluoretil, 2,2,2-trifluoretil, 2-klor-2,2-difluoretil, 2,2-diklor-2-fluoretil, 2,2,2-trikloretil i pentafluoretil;
C1-C4-halogenalkoksi, osobito C1-C2-halogenalkoksi kao difluormetoksi, trifluormetoksi, klordifluormetoksi, 1-fluoretoksi, 2-fluoretoksi, 2,2-difluoretoksi, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoretoksi, 2,2,2-trlfluoretoksi, 2-klor-1,1,2-tri-fluoretoksi i pentafluoretoksi, osobito trifluormetoksi;
C1-C4-alkoksi kao metoksi, etoksi, propoksi, 1-metiletoksi, butoksi, 1-metilpropoksi, 2-metilpropoksi, 1,1-dimetiletoksi, osobito metoksi, etoksi, 1-metiletoksi;
C1-C4-alkiltio kao metiltio, etiltio, propiltio, 1-metiletiltio, butiltio, 1-metilpropiltio, 2-metil-propiltio, 1,1-dimetiletiltio, osobito metiltio i etiltio;
c) R predstavlja nadalje ostatak
[image]
u kojem m predstavlja 0 ili 1, a R7 i R8, koji mogu biti jednaki ili različiti, imaju slijedeće značenje:
vodik;
C1-C8-alkil, osobito C1-C4-alkil kao što je gore navedeno;
C3-C6-alkenil kao 2-propenil, 2-butenil, 3-butenil, 1-metil-2-propenil, 2-metil-2-propenil, 2-pentenil, 3-pentenil, 4-pentenil, 1-metil2-butenil, 2-metil-2-butenil, 3-metil-2-butenil, 1-metil-3-butenil, 2-metil-3-butenil, 3-metil-3-butenil, 1,1-dimetil-2-propenil, 1,2-dimetil-2-propenil, 1-etil-2-propenil, 2-heksenil, 3-heksenil, 4-heksenil, 5-heksenil, 1-metil-2-pentenil, 2-metil-2-pentenil, 3-metil-2-pentenil, 4-metil-2-penteil, 3-metil-3-pentenil, 4-metil-3-pentenil, l-metil-4-pentenil, 2-metil-4-pentenil, 3-metil-4-pentenil, 4-metil-4-pentenil, 1,1-dimetil-2-butenil, 1,1-dimetil-3-butenil, 1,2-dimetil-2-butenil, 1,2-dimetil-3-butenil, 1,3-dimetil-2-butenil, 1,3-dimetil-3-butenil, 2,2-dimetil-3-butenil, 2,3-dimetil-2-butenil, 2,3-dimetil-3-butenil, 1-etil-2-butenil, 1-etil-3-butenil, 2-etil-2-butenil, 2-etil-3-butenil, 1,1,2-trimetil-2-propenil, 1-etil-1-metil-2-propenil i 1-etil-2-metil-2-propenil, osobito 2-propenil, 2-butenil, 3-metil-2-butenil i 3-metil-2-pentenil;
C3-C6-alkinil kao 2-propinil, 2-butinil, 3-butinil, 1-metil-2-propinil, 2-pentenil, 3-pentinil, 4-pentinil, 1-metil-3-butinil, 2-metil-3-butinil, 1-metil-2-butinil, 1,1-dimetil-2-propinil, 1-etil-2-propinil, 2-heksinil, 3-heksinil, 4-heksinil, 5-heksinil, 1-metil-2-pentinil, 1-metil-3-pentinil, 1-metil-4-pentinil, 2-metil-3-pentinil, 2-metil-4-pentinil, 3-metil-4-pentinil, 4-metil-2-pentinil, 1,1-dlmetil-2-butinil, 1,1-dimetil-3-butinil, 1,2-dimetil-3-butinil, 2,2-dimetil-3-butinil, 1-etil-2-butinil, 1-etil-3-butinil, 2-etil-3-butinil 1 1-etil-1-metil-2-propinil, ponajprije 2-propinil, 2-butinil, 1-metil-2-propinil i l-metil-2-butinil, osobito 2-propinil;
C3-C8-cikloalkil, kao ciklopropil, ciklobutil, ciklo-pentil, cikloheksil i cikloheptil, ciklooktil, pri čemu te alkilne, clkloalkilne, alkenilne i alkinilne skupine ponekad mogu nositi jedan do pet halogenih atoma, osobito fluor ili klor i/ili jednu do dvije od slijedećih skupina:
C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi kao prethodno navedene, C3-C6-alkeniloksi, C3-C6-alkeniltio, C3-C6-alkiniloksi, C3-C6-alkiniltio, pri čemu u tim ostacima prisutni alkenilni i alkinilni sastojci ponajprije odgovaraju gore navedenim značenjima;
C1-C4-alkilkarbonil kao osobito metilkarbonil, etil-karbonil, propilkarbonil, 1-metiletilkarbonil, butil-karbonil, 1-metilpropilkarbonil, 2-metilpropilkarbonil, 1,1-dimetiletilkarbonil;
C1-C4-alkoksikarbonil kao metoksikarbonil, etoksi-karbonll, propiloksikarbonil, 1-metiletoksikarbonil, butiloksikarbonil, 1-metilpropiloksikarbonil, 2-metil-propiloksikarbonil, 1,1-dimetiletoksikarbonil;
C3-C6-alkenilkarbonil, C3-C6-alkinilkarbonil, C3-C6-alkeniloksikarbonil i C3-C6-alkiniloksikarbonil, pri čemu su alkenilni, odnosno alkilnilni ostaci definirani ponajprije kao što je prethodno navedeno u pojedinostima;
fenil, po potrebi jednostruko ili višestruko, npr. jednostruko do trostruko supstituiran s halogenim, nitro, cijano, C1-C4-alkilom, C1-C4-halogenalkilom, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi ili C1-C4-alkiltio kao primjerice 2-fluorfenilom, 3-klorfenilom, 4-bromfenilom, 2-metilfenilom, 3-nitrofenilom, 4-cijanofenilom, 2-tri-fluormetilfenilom,
3-metoksifenilom, 4-trifluoretoksi-fenilom, 2-metiltiofenilom, 2,4-diklorfenilom, 2-metoksi-3-metilfenilom, 2,4-dimetoksifenilom, 2-nitro-5-cijano-fenilont, 2,6-difluorfenilom;
di- C1-C4-alkilamino, kao osobito dimetilamino, di-propilamino, N-propil-N-metilamino, N-propil-N-etilamino, dlizopropilamino, N-izopopil-N-metilamino, N-izopropil-N-etilamino, N-izopropil-N-propilamino;
R7 i R8 mogu nadalje biti fenil, koji može biti supstituiran s jednim ili viče, npr. s jednim do tri od slijedećih ostataka: halogen, nitro, cijano, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi ili C1-C4-alkiltio, kao osobito gore navedeni;
ili R7 i R8 tvore zajedno jedan C4-C7-alkilenski lanac zatvoren u prsten, proizvoljno supstituiran npr. s C1-C4-alkilom, koji može intati jedan heteroatom odabran iz skupine koju čine kisik, sumpor ili dušik, kao -(CH2)4-,
-(CH2)5-. -(CH2)6-. -(CH2)7-. -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-.
-CH2-S-(CH2)3-. -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)3-, -NH-(CH2)3-.
-CH2-NH- (CH2)2-. -CH2-CH=CH-CH2-, -CH=CH- (CH2)3-;
d) R može nadalje biti skupina
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u kojoj k može poprimiti vrijednost 0, 1 i 2, a p može biti 1, 2, 3 i 4, dok R8 predstavlja
C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C3-C6-alkenil, C3-C6-alkinil ili po potrebi supstituirani fenil, kao osobito gore navedeni;
e) R nadalje može biti ostatak OR9, u kojem R9 predstavlja:
vodik, kation alkalijskog metala kao litij, natrij, kalij, ili kation zemno alkalijskog metala kao kalcij, magnezij i barij, ili ekološki podnošljiv organski amonijev ion kao tercijarni C1-C4-alkilamonij il amonijev ion;
C3-C8-clkloalkil kao prethodno navedeni, koji može nositi jednu do tri C1-C4-alkilne skupine;
C1-C8-alkil kao osobito metil, etil, propil, 1-metil-etil, butil, 1-metilpropil, 2-metilpropil, 1,1-dimetil-etil, pentil,
1-metilbutil, 2-metilbutil, 3-metilbutil, 1,2-dimetilpropil, 1,1-dimetilpropil, 2,2-dimetilpropil, 1-etilpropil, heksil,
1-metilpentil, 2-metilpentil, 3-metilpentil, 4-metilpentil, 1,2-dimetilbutil, 1,3-di-metilbutil, 2,3-dimetilbutil,
1,1-dimetilbutil, 2,2-di-metilbutil, 3,3-dimetilbutil, 1,1,2-trimetilpropil, 1,2,2-trimetilpropil, 1-etilbutil, 2-etilbutil, l-etil-2-metil-propil, koji može nositi jedan do pet halogenih atoma, osobito fluor 1 klor i/ili jedan od slijedećih ostataka:
C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, cijano, C1-C4-alkil-karbonil, C3-C8-cikloalkil, C1-C4-alkoksikarbonil, fenil, fenoksi ili fenilkarbonil, pri čemu aromatski ostaci sa svoje strane ponekad mogu nositi jedan do pet halogenih atoma i/ili jedan do tri od slijedećih ostataka: nitro, cijano, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi i/ili C1-C4-alkiltio, kao osobito gore navedene;
jednu C1-C8-alkilnu skupinu kao gore navedenu, koja može nositi jedan do pet halogenih atoma, osobito fluor i/ili klor i jedan od slijedećih ostataka: jedan peteročlani heteroaromat koji sadrži jedan do tri dušikova atoma, ili jedan peteročlanl heteroaromat koji sadrži dušikov atom i kisikov atom ili sumporni atom, koji može nositi jedan do četiri halogena atoma i/ili jedan do dva od slijedećih ostataka:
nitro, cijano, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, fenil, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi i/ili C1-C4-alkiltio. Osobito se navode: 1-pirazolil, 3-metil-l-pirazolil, 4-metil-l-pirazolil, 3,5-dimetil-l-pirazolil, 3-fenil-l-pirazolil, 4-fenil-l-pirazolil, 4-klor-1-pirazolil, 4-brom-1-pirazolil, 1-imidazolil, 1-benzimidazolil, 1,2,4-triazol-1-il, 3-metil-l,2,4-triazol-l-il, 5-metil-l,2,4-triazol-1-il, 1-benztriazolil, 3-izopropilizooksazol-5-il, 3-metilizoksazol-5-il, oksazol-2-il, tiazol-2-il, imidazol-2-il, 3-etilizoksazol-5-il, 3-fenilizoksazol-5-il, 3-terc.butilizoksazol-5-il;
jednu C2-C6-alkilnu skupinu koja u položaju 2 nosi jedan od slijedećih ostataka: C1-C4-alkoksiimino, C3-C6-alkiniloksiimino, C3-C6-halogenalkeniloksiimino ili benzil-oksiimino;
jednu C3-C6-alkenilnu ili jednu C3-C6-alkinilnu skupinu, pri čemu ta skupina sa svoje strane može nositi jedan do pet halogenih atoma;
R9 nadalje može biti fenilni ostatak, koji može nositi jedan do pet halogenih atoma i/ili jedan do tri slijedeća ostatka:
nitro, cijano, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi i/ili C1-C4-alkiltio, kao osobito gore navedene;
jedan peteročlani heteroaromat, povezan preko dušikovog atoma, koji sadrži jedan do tri dušikova atoma, i koji može nositi jedan do dva halogena atoma i/ili jedan do dva slijedeća ostatka:
C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, fenil, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi i/ili C1-C4-alkiltio. Osobito se navode: 1-pirazolil, 3-metil-1-pirazoliil, 4-metil-l-pirazolil, 3,5-dimetil-l-pirazolil, 3-fenil-l-pirazolil, 4-fenil-l-pirazolil, 4-klor-l-pirazolil, 4.-brom-l-pirazolil, 1-imidazolil, 1-benzimidazolil, 1,2,4-triazol-1-il, 3-metil-l,2,4-triazol-l-il, 5-metil-l,2,4-triazolil-1-il, 1-benztriazolil, 3,4-diklorimidazol-1-il;
R9 može nadalje biti skupina
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u kojoj R10 i R11, koji mogu biti jednaki ili različti, predstavljaju:
C1-C8-alkil, C3-C6-alkenil, C3-C6-alkinil, C3-C8-cikloalkil, pri čemu ti ostaci mogu nositi jedan C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio i/ili jedan po potrebi supstituirani fenilni ostatak, kao osobito gore navedeni;
fenil, koji može biti supstituiran s jednim ili više, npr. s jednim do tri slijedeća ostatka: halogen, nitro, cijano, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi i/ili C1-C4-alkiltio, pri čemu ti ostaci osobito odgovaraju gore navedenima;
ili R10 i R11 zajedno tvore C3-C12-alkilenski lanac, koji može nositi jednu do tri C1-C4-alkilne skupine i imati jedan heteroatom iz skupine kisik, sumpor i dušik, kao sto su osobito navedeni kod R6 i R7;
f) R može nadalje biti ostatak
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u kojem R12 predstavlja:
C1-C4-alkil, C3-C6-alkenil, C3-C6-alkinil, C3-C8-cikloalkil kao osobito prethodno spomenute, pri čemu ti ostaci mogu nositi C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio i/ili fenilni ostatak kao što je gore navedeno;
fenil, po potrebi supstituiran, osobito kao što je gore navedeno.
g) R može biti ostatak
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u kojem R12 ima gore navedeno značenje.
R1 nadalje može biti:
tetrazol ili nitril.
Što se tiče biološkog djelovanja derivati karbonskih kiselina opće formule I jesu - kako kao čisti enantiomeri, odnosno čisti diastereomeri ili kao njihova mješavina -ponajprije oni u kojima supstituenti imaju slijedeće značenje:
R1 je tetrazol, COOH ili ostatak koji može hidrokizirati u COOH;
R2 i R3 (koji mogu biti jednaki ili različiti):
fenil ili naftil, koji mogu biti supstituirani s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka:
F, Cl, Br, J, cijano, NO2 hidroksi, metil, etil, propil, izopropil, trifluormetil, 2,2,2-trifluoretil, metoksi, etoksi, propoksi, izopropoksi, trifluormetiloksi, fenoksi, metiltio, etiltio, benziloksi, amino, metilamino, dimetilamino;
R4 može biti fenil, metilendioksifenil, etilen-dioksifenil, indalil, piridil, 2,3-dihldrobenzofuranil, benzofuranil, benzotienil, 2-pirimidinil, 4-pirimidinil, 2,3-dihidrobenzotienil, koji mogu biti supstituirani s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka: F, Cl, Br, J, cijano, NO2, metil, etil, propil, propil, izopropil, trifluormetil, metoksi, etoksi, propoksi, izopropoksi, butiloksi, terc.butiloksi, trifluormetiloksi, fenoksi, metiltio, etiltio, benziloksi, amino, metilamino, dimetilamino;
R5 je metil, etil, propil, izopropil, butil, 2-metilpropil, terc.butil, pentil, 3-metilbutil, heksil, pent-3-il, 4-metilpentil,
2-etilbutil, koji mogu biti supstituirani s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka:
cijano, metoksi, etoksi, propoksi, izopropoksi, butoksi, metiltic, etiltio, propiltio, izopropiltio, amino, metilamino, dimetilamino; alil, vinil, trifluormetil, 2,2,2-trifluoretil; fenil, benzil, koji može biti supstituiran s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka: F, Cl, Br, J, hidroksi, metil, etil, propil, izopropil, metoksi, etoksi, propoksi, izopropoksi, metiltio, etiltio, dioksometilen, dioksoetilen;
n je 1 - 2.
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Spojevi predloženog izuma nude novu terapeutsku mogućnost za liječenje hipertonije, pulmonalnog visokog tlaka, infarkta miokarda, angine pectoris, akutnog otkazivanja bubrega, insuficijencije bubrega, cerebralnih vazospazmi, cerebralne ishemije, subarahnoidnih krvarenja, migrene, astme, ateroskleroze, endotoksičkog šoka, otkazivanja organa induciranih endotoksinom, intravaskularne koagulacije, restenoze nakon angioplastije, benigne hiperplazije prostate, ishemijskog i otkazivanja bubrega uzrokovanog intoksikacijom, odnosno hipertonijom.
Dobro djelovanje spojeva može se pokazati u slijedećim pokusima:
Proučavanje vezanja receptora
Za proučavanje vezanja koriste se klonirane eksprimirajuće CHO-stanice ETA-receptora i membrane malog mozga zamoraca s >60% ETB - u usporedbi prema ETA-receptorima.
Preparacija membrana
Eksprimirajuće CHO-stanice ETA-receptora razmnažaju se u F12-mediju s 10% fetalnog telećeg seruma, 1% glutamina, 100 E/ml penicilina i 0,2% streptomicina (Gibco BRL, Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Nakon 48 sati stanice se isperu s PBS-om i inkubiraju se 5 minuta s PBS-om koji sadrži 0,05% tripsina PBS 5. Nakon toga neutralizira se s F12-medijem i stanice se sakupe centrifugiranjem pri 300 x g. Za lizu stanica pelete se kratko isperu s puferom za lizu (5 mM tris-HCl, pH 7,4 s 10% glicerina) i nakon toga se inkubiraju 30 minuta pri 4°C u koncentraciji od 107-stanica/ml pufera za lizu. Membrane se centrifugiraju 10 minuta pri 20.000 x g i peleta se odloži u tekućem dušiku.
Mali mozgovi zamoraca homogeniziraju se u Potter-Elvejhemovom homogenizatoru i dobiju se diferenciranim centrifugiranjem 10 minuta pri 1.000 x g i ponovnim centrifugiranjem ostatka 10 minuta pri 20.000 x g.
Ispitivanja vezanja
Za ispitivanje vezanja ETA- i ETB-receptora membrane se suspendiraju u inkubacijskom puferu (50 mM tris-HCl, pH 7,4 s 5 nM MnCl2, 40 μg/ml bacitracina i 0,2% BSA) u koncentraciji od 50 μg proteina po ispitnoj smjesi i inkubiraju se pri 25°C s 25 pM 125J-ET1 (ispitivanje ETA-receptora) ili 25 pM 125J-RZ3 (ispitivanje ETB-receptora) u prisutnosti i odsutnosti ispitne tvari. Nespecifično vezanje određuje se s 10-7 M ET1. Nakon 30 minuta razdvoje se slobodan i vezani radioligand filtriranjem preko GF/B filtera od staklenih vlakana (Whatman, Engleska) na skupljaču stanica Skatron (Skatron, Lier, Norveška) i filter se ispere s ledeno hladnim puferom tris-HCl, pH 7,4 s 0,2% BSA. Radioaktivnost skupljena na filterima kvantificira se pomoću scintilacijskog brojača za tekućine Packard 2200 CA.
Sistem funkcionalnog ispitivanja in vitro za traženje antagonista receptora endotelina (podtip A)
Ovaj sistem ispitivanja je funkcionalno ispitivanje za receptore endotelina koje se temelji na stanicama. Određene stanice, kad su stimulirane s endotelinom 1 (ET1 pokazuju porast intracelularne koncentracije kalcija. Taj porast može se mjeriti u intaktnim stanicama koje nose bojila osjetljiva prema kalciju.
1-fibrolasti izolirani iz štakora, kod kojih je bio pronađen podtip A endogenog receptora endotelina, bili su obrađeni s fluoroscentnim bojilom Fura 2-an kako slijedi. Nakon tripsiniranja stanice su resuspendirane u puferu A (120 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 1,5 mM MgCl2 1 irM CaCl2, 25 mM HEPES-a, 10 mM glukoze, pH 7,4) do gustoće od 2 x 106/ml i inkubirane 30 minuta pri 37°C u mraku s Fura 2-an-om. (2 μM), Pluronics-om F-127 (0,04%) i DMSO-om (0,2%).
Nakon toga stanice su bile dva puta isprane s puferom A i resuspendirane na 2 x 106/ml.
Signal fluoroscencije od 2 x 105 stanica po ml pri Ex/Em 380/510 bio je kontinuirano registriran pri 30°C. K stanicama su dodane ispitne tvari i po isteku vremena inkubacije od 3 minute ET1 određena je maksimalna promjena fluoroscencije. Odgovor stanica na ET1 bez prethodnog dodatka ispitne tvari poslužio je kao kontrola i izjednačen je sa 100%.
Ispitivanje ET-antagonista in vivo
Mužjaci SD štakora težine 250 - 300 g narkotizirani su s amobarbitalom, umjetno su oplinjeni, vagotomizirani i despinalizirani. Arteria carotis i vena jugularis bile su katetizirane. U kontrolnim životinjama intravenozno davanje od 1 μg/kg ET1 dovelo je do jasnog porasta krvnog tlaka, koji se je održao tijekom duljeg vremena.
Pokusnim životinjama, 5 minuta prije davanja ET1, ubrizgani su ispitni spojevi i.v. (1 mg/kg). Za određivanje ET-antagonističkih svojstava porast krvnog tlaka pokusnih životinja bio je uspoređen s onim kod kontrolnih životinja.
"Iznenadna smrt" na miševima inducirana enfotelinom-1
Načelo ispitivanja sastoji se u suzbijanju iznenadne srčane smrti miša izazvane endotelinom, koja se vjerojatno temelji na sušenju krvnih žila osrčja, prethodnom obradom s anagonistima receptora endotelina. Nakon intravenozne injekcije od 10 nmolova/kg endotelina u volumenu od 5 ml/kg tjelesne težine u roku od nekoliko minuta nastupa smrt životinje.
Letalna doza endotelina-1 provjerava se uvijek na malom kolektivu životinja. Ako se ispitna tvar aplicira intravenozno, najčešće 5 minuta nakon toga slijedi injekcija letalnog endotelina-1 u referentnom kolektivu. Kod drugačijeg načina aplikacije produljuju se vremena davanja, po potrebi i do više sati.
Bilježe se preživjeli štakori i određuju se učinkovite doze koje 50% životinja štite 24 sata ili dulje protiv endotelinske srčane smrti (ED 50).
Funkcionalno ispitivanje krvnih žila za antagoniste receptora endotelina
Na odsječcima aorte kunića nakon prednapona od 2 g i vremena relaksacije od 1 sata u Krebs-Hensenleitovoj otopini pri 37°C i pH vrijednosti izmedu 7,3 i 7,4 izaziva se najprije K+-kontrakcija. Nakon ispiranja namješta se krivulja učinkovitosti doze endotelina do maksimuma.
Potencijalni antagonisti endotelina apliciraju se na druge preparate iste krvne žile 15 minuta prije početka krivulje djelovanja doze endotelina. Učinci endotelina računaju se u % K+-kontrakcije. Kod učinkovitih antagonista endotelina dolazi do desnog pomaka krivulje djelovanja doze endotelina.
Spojevi prema izumu mogu se davati na uobičajen način oralno ili parenteralno (subkutano, intravenozno, intramuskularno, intraperitonealno). Aplikacije se također mogu vršiti s parama ili sprejevima kroz šupljine nos-ždrijelo. Doziranje ovisi o starosti, stanju i težini pacijenta, te o načinu aplikacije. U pravilu dnevna doza aktivne tvari iznosi između 0,5 i 50 mg/kg tjelesne težine kod oralnog davanja i između 0,1 i 10 mg/kg tjelesne težine kod parenteralnog davanja.
Novi spojevi mogu se primijeniti u upotrebljivim galenskim oblicima aplikacija čvrsti ili tekući, npr. kao tablete, filmske tablete, kapsule, prašak, granule, dražeje, čepići, otopine, masti, kreme ili sprejevi. Oni se pripremaju na uobičajen način. Pri tome aktivne tvari mogu se preraditi s uobičajenim galenskim pomoćnim sredstvima kao vezivima tableta, punilima, konzervansima, sredstvima za rastvaranje tableta, sredstvima za regulaciju tecivosti, omekšivalima, mrežnim sredstvima, sredstvima za dispergiranje, emulgatorima, otapalima, sredstvima za produženo oslobađanje aktivne tvari, antioksidantima i/ili potisnim plinovima (usporedi H. Sucker et al.; Pharmazeutische Technologie, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1991). Tako dobiveni aplikacijski oblici sadrže aktivnu tvar normalno količinom od 0,1 do 90 mas. %.
Primjeri sinteze
Primjer 1
3,3-bis(4-metoksifenil)maslačna kiselina
a) Etilester (2E,Z) 3-(4-metoksifenil)but-2-en-kiseline (6,6 g, 30 mmolova) otopi se pri 0°C u anisolu (4,9 g, 45 mmolova), i oprezno se pomiješa s 50 ml 80%-tne H2SO4. Dvofaznu smjesu miješa se snažno 20 sati pri sobnoj temperaturi, zatim se prelije na led i proizvod se ekstrahira s etilesterom octene kiseline. Organsku fazu se osuši (Na2SO4), filtrira i zgusne, ostatak se preuzme u eter i etersku fazu se ekstrahira s 2N natrijevom lužinom. Alkalnu fazu se zakiseli s 2N HCl na pH 2 i proizvod se ekstrahira s etilesterom octene kiseline. Organsku fazu se osusi (Na2SO4), filtrira i zgusne i čvrsti ostatak se pomiješa s diizopropil eterom. Proizvod se odsisa i osuši. Ostane 5,1 g bijelog praha (56%). Talište: 161-164°C.
Matičnicu se može dalje obraditi pri čemu se dobije još 1,1 g (12%) kiseline. Alternativno kiselinu se može proizvesti i na slijedeći način:
b) Pri 0°C pomijesa se 32 ml anisola (294 mmola) s 33 ml etilestera octene kiseline (258 mmolova), i oprezno se pomiješa sa 150 ml 70%-tne H2SO4, i tako dobivenu dvofaznu mjesavinu jako se miješa 72 sata pri sobnoj temperaturi. Nakon toga reakcijsku smjesu se prelije na led i dalje obradi kao pod 1a. Ostatak se prekristalizira iz diizopropiletera. Ostane 15,3 g (35%) bijele čvrste tvari.
c) Analogno vrijedi za pripravu 3,3-difenilmaslačne kiseline (primjeri 3, 4)
Primjer 2
(2R,S)-3,3-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(3',4'-metilendioksibenzil)-maslačna kiselina
Otopinu od diizopropilamina (3,1 ml, 22 mmola) u 50 ml suhog tetrahidrofurana pomiješa se u atmosferi dušika pri -10°C s butil-litijem (13,8 ml, 22 mmola, 1,6 M u heksanu). Miješa se 5 minuta pri -10°C i zatim se pri 0°C dokaplje 3,3-bis(4-metoksifenil)maslačnu kiselinu (3,0 g, 10 mmolova) u 15 ml apsolutnog tetrahidrofurana. Po završenom dodavanju miješa se 1 sat pri sobnoj temperaturi, ohladi se na -20°C, doda se piperonilbromid (2,6 g, 12 mmolova) u 10 ml THF-a i na kraju se miješa 72 sata pri sobnoj temperaturi. Nakon toga se reakcijsku smjesu pogasi sa zasićenom otopinom NH4Cl, organsku fazu se odvoji i vodenu fazu se ekstrahira s etilesterom octene kiseline. Sjedinjeni organski ekstrakti se osuše (Na2SO4), filtriraju i zgusnu na rotacijskom uređaju za isparavanje. Smeđi ostatak kromatografira se na silika gelu (metanol/CH2Cl2 1:19), pri čemu se dobije 1,3 g (30%) proizvoda kao bijele pjene.
Talište: 137-140°C (iz diizopropiletera).
Primjer 3
Etilester 3,3-difenil-maslačne kiseline
Pri 0°C suspendira se 65 g AlClg (487 mmolova) u 500 ml benzola i polako se pomiješa sa 61,7 etilestera (2E,Z) 3-fenil-but-2-en-kiseline. Tamno crvenu otopinu miješa se 20 sati pri sobnoj temperaturi i zatim se prelije na smjesu led/konc. HCl. Organsku fazu se odvoji, a vodenu fazu se ekstrahira s etilesterom octene kiseline. Sjedinjene organske faze ekstrahiraju se s NaOH, zatim osuše (Na2SO4), filtriraju i zgusnu (66,8 g tamno smeđeg ulja).
Destilacijom 56,5 g tog ulja dobije se 46,3 g proizvoda kao bezbojnog ulja.
Primjer 4
3,3-difenil-maslačna kiselina
U 30 ml dioksana otopi se 4,9 g etilestera 3,3-difenilmaslačne kiseline (18,3 mmolova), pomiješa se sa 36 ml 1M KOH i miješa se 6 sati pri 60-70°C. Zatim se dioksan izvuče na rotacijskom uređaju za isparavanje, vodeni ostatak se razrijedi s vodom i ekstrahira s dietileterom. Na kraju se vodenu fazu namjesti na pH 1 i ekstrahira s etilesterom octene kiseline. Organsku fazu se osusi (Na2SO4), filtrira i zgusne. Zatim se čvrsti ostatak pomiješa s heptanom i dobije se 2,35 g bijelog praha (55%). Matičnicu se dalje više ne obrađuje.
Primjer 5
2R,S 3,3-difenil-2-(3',4'-metilendioksibenzil)maslačna kiselina
K otopini od 3,3-difenilmaslačne kiseline (2,4 g, 10 mmolova) u 40 ml apsolutnog THF-a dokaplje se pri -20°C 15 -ml butil-litija (24 mmola, 1,6 M u heksanu), i na kraju miješa se 1 sat između -10°C i -20°C. Zatim se doda piperonilklorid (2,2 g, 13 mmolova) u 10 ml THF-a, miješa se 16 sati pri sobnoj temperaturi i zatim se pogasi sa zasićenom otopinom NH4Cl. Organsku fazu se odvoji, vodenu fazu ekstrahira se etilesterom octene kiseline, zatim se sjedinjeni organski ekstrakti osuse (Na2SO4), filtriraju i zgusnu. Ostatak se kromatografira na silika gelu (CH2Cl2/MeOH 19:1), pri čemu se dobije 2,4 g željenog proizvoda (6b%).
Kiselinu se otopi u CH2Cl2 i izmućka sa zasićenom otopinom natrijevog karbonata. Organsku fazu se odvoji, osuši (Na2SO4), filtrira i zgusne. Dobije se 2,5 g natrijeve soli kiseline. Talište: 308-310°C.
Primjer 6
3,3-bis(4-metoksi-3-metilfenil)maslačna kiselina
Priprava se odvija analogno primjeru Ib. Međutim u ovom slučaju izolira se uglavnom odgovarajući etilester, tako da je bila potrebna jos jedna naknadna saponifikacija (analogno primjeru 4). Talište: 121-124°C.
Primjer 7
(2R,S) 3,3-bis(4-metoksi-3-metilfenil)-2-(3',4'-metilen-dioksibenzil)maslačna kiselina
Priprava se odvija analogno primjeru 2.
Od 3,25 ml diizopropilamina (23 mmola), 15,6 ml butil-litija (23 mmola), 1,5 M u heksanu), 3,28 g 3,3-bis(4-metoksi-3-metilfenil)maslačne kiseline, 2,19 g pipronilklorida (13 mmolova) dobije se 4,1 g sirovog proizvoda. Kromatografijom na silika gelu (CH2Cl2/MeOH 19:1) dobije se 1,6 g proizvoda (35%). Talište: 152-153°C.
Primjer 8
(2R,S) 3,3-difenil-2-(3,4 -dimetoksibenzil)maslačna kiselina
Priprava se odvija analogno primjeru 5. Od 2,4 g 3,3-difenilmaslačne kiseline (10 mmolova), 15,6 ml butil-litija (23 mmola, 1,5 M u heksanu), 2,2 g 3,4-dimetoksibenzilklorida (13 mmolova) dobije se 3,8 g sirovog proizvoda. Čišćenjem na silika gelu (heptan/etilester octene kiseline 1:1) dobije se 2,1 g proizvoda (54%). Talište: 141-134°C.
Primjer 9
3,3 bis-(4-metoksiheksil)valerijanska kiselina
Etilester (2E,Z) 3-(4-metoksifenil)pent-2-kiseline (7,0 g, 30 mmolova) otopi se pri 0°C u anisolu (4,9 g, 45 mmolova) i oprezno se pomiješa s 50 ml 80%-tne H2SO4. Dvofaznu smjesu miješa se snažno 30 sati pri sobnoj temperaturi, zatim se prelije na led i proizvod se ekstrahira s metilenkloridom. Organsku fazu se osuši (Na2SO4), filtrira i zgusne, ostatak se preuzme u eter, ekstrahira s 2N natrijevorn lužinom i etersku fazu se odbaci. Alkalnu fazu se zakiseli s 2N HCl na pH 2 i proizvod se ekstrahira s etilesterom octene kiseline. Organsku fazu se osuši (Na2SO4), filtrira i zgusne i čvrsti ostatak se pomiješa s heptanom. Proizvod se odsisa i osuši. Ostane 6,8 g bijelog praha (72%). Talište: 136-139°C.
Primjer 10
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)valerijanska kiselina
K otopini od 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)valerijanske kiseline (6,2 g, 20 mmolova) u 100 ml apsolutnog THF-a dokaplje se pri -20°C 29 ml butil-litija (46 mmolova, 1,6 M u heksanu), i na kraju miješa se 1 sat pri sobnoj temperaturi. Zatim se pri -10°C doda piperonilklorid (4,4 g, 24 mmola) u 10 ml THF-a, miješa se 72 sati pri sobnoj temperaturi i zatim se pogasi sa zasićenom otopinom NH4Cl. Organsku fazu se odvoji, vodenu fazu se ekstrahira s etilesterom octene kiseline, zatim se sjedinjeni organski ekstrakti osuše (Na2SO4), filtriraju i zgusnu. Ostatak (11,2 g) se kromatografira na silika gelu (CH2Cl2/MeOH 24:1), pri čemu se dobije 3,1 g željenog proizvoda (34%). Talište: 84-86°C (izmiješano u heptanu).
Primjer 11
Metilester 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)kapronske kiseline
Anisol (6,6 g, 61 mmol) otopi se u 200 rnl dikloretana, pri 0°C doda se u obrocima aluminijev triklorid (12,3 g, 92 mmola) i na kraju se uz miješanje dokaplje metilester (2E,Z) 3-(4-metoksifenil)heks-2-en-kiseline (18 g, 61 mmol). Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se zatim jos 2 dana pri sobnoj temperaturi. Za obradu smjesu se prelije na ledenu vodu, ekstrahira se sa CH2Cl2 sjedinjene organske faze isperu se sa zasićenom otopinom NaCl i osuže preko MSO4. Otatak, koji zaostane nakon zgušnjavanja, očisti se kromatografijom na silika gelu (n-heptan/etilester octene kiseline 7,5%). Na taj način dobiveno je 5,2 g (25%) bezbojnog ulja.
1H-MMR (CDCl3), δ: 0,9 (m, 3H); 1,1 i 2,2 (svaki m, 2H) ;
3,08 (s, 2H); 3,4 (s, 3H); 6,8 i 7,1 (po m, 4H) ppm.
Primjer 12
3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)kapronska kiselina
Metilester 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)kapronske kiseline (5,2 g, 15,2 mmolova) stavi se u 20 ml dioksana, doda se KOH (1,05 g, 18,2 mmolova) i kuha se pribl. 1 sat. Smjesu se na kraju razrijedi s vodom, ispere s etilesterom octene kiseline, na kraju se vodenu fazu s HCl namjesti pH na 3 i ekstrahira se etilesterom octene kiseline. Organsku fazu ispere se zatim s otopinom NaCl, osuši preko MgSO4 i zgusne. Nakon kromatografije na silika gelu (CH2Cl2/metanol 3%) dobiveno je 4,1 g lakog žućkastog ulja (84%).
1H-NMR (CDCl3), δ: 0,9 (m, 3H); 1,1 i 2,2 (svaki m, 2H) ;
3,1 (s, 3H); 3,8 (s, 6H); 6,8 i 7,1 (svaki m, 4H) ppm.
Primjer 13
Slijedeći spojevi dobiveni su analogno primjeru 5.
(2R,S) 3,3-difenil-2-(metilnaft-2 -il)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 163-166°C
FAB-MS: 380 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-difenil-2-(3',5'-dimetilbenzil)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 141-143°C
FAB-MS: 358 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-difenil-2-(4'-benziloksi-3'-metoksibenzil)-maslačna kiselina
Talište: 163-166°C
FAB-MS: 466 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(4'-benziloksi-3 -metoksibenzil)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 137-140°C
FAB-MS: 526 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-difenil-2-(4'-hidroksi-3' -metoksibenzil)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 153-155°C
FAB-MS: 376 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(4'-hidroksi-3 -metoksi-benzil)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 157-160'°C
FAB-MS: 436 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksi-3-metilfenil)-2-(3,5-dimetil-benzil)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 150-152°C
FAB-MS: 446 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(metilnaft-2'-il)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 162-164°C
FAB-MS: 440 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(3,5'-dimetilbenzil)-maslačna kiselina
Talište: 125-128°C
FAB-MS: 418 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksi-3-metilfenil)-2-(3',4'-dimetoksi-benzil)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 155-157°C
FAB-MS: 478 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(3',4'-dimetoksibenzil)-maslačna kiselina
Talište: 148-150°C
FAB-MS: 450 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(5 -metoksi-3 , 4' -metilendioksibenzil)valerijanska kiselina
Talište: 138-141°C
FAB-MS: 478 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(5'-metoksi-3',4'-metilendioksibenzil)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 134-136°C
FAB-MS: 464 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-difenil)-2-(5 -metoksi-3', 4' -metilendioksi-benzil)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 135-138°C
FAB-MS: 464 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(3',4'-etilendioksi-benzil)valerijanska kiselina
Talište: 168-170°C
FAB-MS: 462 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(3',4'-etilendioksi-benzil)maslačna kiselina
Talište: 161-163°C
FAB-MS: 448 (M+)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(3',4'-metilendioksi-benzil)kapronska kiselina
Talište: 142-145°C (iz n-heptana)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(3',4'-etilendioksi-benzil)kapronska kiselina
Talište: 163-165°C (iz n-heptan/dietiletera)
(2R,S) 3,3-bis-(4-metoksifenil)-2-(3,4'-inetilendioksi-5' -metoksibenzil)kapronska kiselina
Talište: 180-182°C (iz n-heptan/dietiletera)
Primjer 14
Spojevi pripremljeni u primjerima 2 do 10 ispitani su po gore opisanim postupcima s obzirom na njihov afinitet prema receptorima endotelina. Kao usporedbena tvar upotrijebljen je spoj poznat iz WO 94/02474. Rezultat je opisan u slijedećoj tablici.
[image]
Claims (1)
1. Derivati karbonskih kiselina formule I
[image]
naznačeni time, da
R1 predstavlja tetrazol, nitril, skupinu COOH ili ostatak koji hidrolizira u COOH, a preostali supstituenti imaju slijedeće značenje:
R2 i R3 (jednaki ili različiti) mogu biti:
fenil ili naftil, koji mogu biti supstituirani s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka: halogen, cijano, NO2, hidroksi, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi, fenoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, amino, benziloksi, C1-C4-alkilamino ili C1-C4-dialkilamino;
ili
fenil ili naftil, koji su međusobno povezani u orto položaju preko jedne izravne veze, metilenske, etilenske ili etenilne skupine, jednog kisikovog ili sumpornog atoma;
R4 može biti fenil ili naftil, metilendioksifenil, etilendioksifenil, indalil, indolil, piridil, benzo-piranil, furanil, pirimidinil, benzofuranil, izooksazolil, izotiazolil, 1,3,4-tiadiazolil, 2,3-dihidrobenzofuranil, benzotienil, kinolinil,
C3-C7-cikloalkil, tienil, oksazolil, tiazolil, koji mogu biti supstituirani s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka: halogen, cijano, hidroksi, NO2, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-halogenalkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-halogenalkoksi, fenoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, amino, benziloksi, C1-C4-alkilamino ili C1-C4-dialkilamino, pri čemu alkilni ostaci mogu zajedno tvoriti prsten;
R5 je C1-C8-alkil, C3-C6-alkenil, C3-C6-alkinil ili C3-C8-cikloalkil, pri čemu ti ostaci mogu ponekad biti jednostruko ili višestruko supstituirani s halogenim, C1-C4-alkoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, C1-C4-alkilamino, di- C1-C4-alkilamino,
fenil, benzil, 1-metilnaftil, 2-metilnaftil ili naftil koji može biti supstituiran s jednim ili više slijedećih ostataka: halogen, cijano, hidroksi, amino, C1-C4-alkil, C1-C4-alkoksi, fenoksi, C1-C4-alkiltio, dioksimetilen ili dioksietilen;
n je 1 - 2.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19533025A DE19533025A1 (de) | 1995-09-07 | 1995-09-07 | Neue Carbonsäurederivate, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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HRP960400A2 true HRP960400A2 (en) | 1998-04-30 |
HRP960400B1 HRP960400B1 (en) | 2001-08-31 |
Family
ID=7771490
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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HR960400A HRP960400B1 (en) | 1995-09-07 | 1996-09-03 | New carbonic acid derivatives, their preparation and their use |
Country Status (30)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6004988A (hr) |
EP (1) | EP0862550B1 (hr) |
JP (1) | JPH11512104A (hr) |
KR (1) | KR19990044455A (hr) |
CN (1) | CN1070841C (hr) |
AR (1) | AR003532A1 (hr) |
AT (1) | ATE197448T1 (hr) |
AU (1) | AU705956B2 (hr) |
BG (1) | BG63720B1 (hr) |
BR (1) | BR9610139A (hr) |
CA (1) | CA2228002A1 (hr) |
CO (1) | CO5040228A1 (hr) |
CZ (1) | CZ64198A3 (hr) |
DE (2) | DE19533025A1 (hr) |
ES (1) | ES2153124T3 (hr) |
GR (1) | GR3034797T3 (hr) |
HR (1) | HRP960400B1 (hr) |
HU (1) | HUP9802329A3 (hr) |
IL (1) | IL123213A (hr) |
MY (1) | MY132151A (hr) |
NO (1) | NO310651B1 (hr) |
NZ (1) | NZ316940A (hr) |
PL (1) | PL325398A1 (hr) |
PT (1) | PT862550E (hr) |
RU (1) | RU2175315C2 (hr) |
SI (1) | SI0862550T1 (hr) |
SK (1) | SK282082B6 (hr) |
TR (1) | TR199800410T1 (hr) |
WO (1) | WO1997009294A1 (hr) |
ZA (1) | ZA967537B (hr) |
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US7842727B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2010-11-30 | Errant Gene Therapeutics, Llc | Histone deacetylase inhibitors |
US7312247B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2007-12-25 | Errant Gene Therapeutics, Llc | Histone deacetylase inhibitors |
US8026280B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2011-09-27 | Errant Gene Therapeutics, Llc | Histone deacetylase inhibitors |
US6495719B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2002-12-17 | Circagen Pharmaceutical | Histone deacetylase inhibitors |
EP1511477A4 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2008-04-09 | Errant Gene Therapeutics Llc | HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS BASED ON ALPHA-KETO-EPOXYDE COMPOUNDS |
WO2004046104A2 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-03 | Errant Gene Therapeutics, Llc | Treatment of lung cells with histone deacetylase inhibitors |
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DE4224572C2 (de) * | 1992-07-24 | 1996-04-18 | Sfs Ind Holding Ag | Befestigungselement zum Einsatz in Beton oder dgl. Material |
US5686478A (en) * | 1993-07-20 | 1997-11-11 | Merck & Co. Inc. | Endothelin antagonists |
-
1995
- 1995-09-07 DE DE19533025A patent/DE19533025A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-08-29 EP EP96930125A patent/EP0862550B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-29 JP JP9510830A patent/JPH11512104A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 1996-08-29 DE DE59606132T patent/DE59606132D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-08-29 AT AT96930125T patent/ATE197448T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-29 RU RU98106478/04A patent/RU2175315C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-29 SI SI9630188T patent/SI0862550T1/xx unknown
- 1996-08-29 IL IL12321396A patent/IL123213A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-29 AU AU69295/96A patent/AU705956B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-08-29 US US09/029,447 patent/US6004988A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-08-29 HU HU9802329A patent/HUP9802329A3/hu unknown
- 1996-08-29 CZ CZ98641A patent/CZ64198A3/cs unknown
- 1996-08-29 KR KR1019980701703A patent/KR19990044455A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1996-08-29 PT PT96930125T patent/PT862550E/pt unknown
- 1996-08-29 WO PCT/EP1996/003793 patent/WO1997009294A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-08-29 CN CN96197840A patent/CN1070841C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-08-29 NZ NZ316940A patent/NZ316940A/xx unknown
- 1996-08-29 PL PL96325398A patent/PL325398A1/xx unknown
- 1996-08-29 CA CA002228002A patent/CA2228002A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-08-29 BR BR9610139A patent/BR9610139A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-08-29 ES ES96930125T patent/ES2153124T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-29 SK SK282-98A patent/SK282082B6/sk unknown
- 1996-08-29 TR TR1998/00410T patent/TR199800410T1/xx unknown
- 1996-09-03 HR HR960400A patent/HRP960400B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-04 MY MYPI96003669A patent/MY132151A/en unknown
- 1996-09-05 CO CO96047377A patent/CO5040228A1/es unknown
- 1996-09-06 ZA ZA9607537A patent/ZA967537B/xx unknown
- 1996-09-06 AR ARP960104272A patent/AR003532A1/es unknown
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1998
- 1998-03-06 NO NO19981002A patent/NO310651B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-24 BG BG102347A patent/BG63720B1/bg unknown
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2000
- 2000-11-09 GR GR20000402475T patent/GR3034797T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation
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