HK1067573A1 - Perfuming or flavouring microcapsules comprising afireproofing agent - Google Patents

Perfuming or flavouring microcapsules comprising afireproofing agent

Info

Publication number
HK1067573A1
HK1067573A1 HK05101067A HK05101067A HK1067573A1 HK 1067573 A1 HK1067573 A1 HK 1067573A1 HK 05101067 A HK05101067 A HK 05101067A HK 05101067 A HK05101067 A HK 05101067A HK 1067573 A1 HK1067573 A1 HK 1067573A1
Authority
HK
Hong Kong
Prior art keywords
perfuming
microcapsules
agent
afireproofing
flavouring microcapsules
Prior art date
Application number
HK05101067A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Guenter Holzner
Andre Moser
Original Assignee
Firmenich & Cie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Firmenich & Cie filed Critical Firmenich & Cie
Publication of HK1067573A1 publication Critical patent/HK1067573A1/xx

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/11—Encapsulated compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/70—Fixation, conservation, or encapsulation of flavouring agents
    • A23L27/72—Encapsulation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/24—Phosphorous; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/25—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/31—Hydrocarbons
    • A61K8/315—Halogenated hydrocarbons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K8/494—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q13/00—Formulations or additives for perfume preparations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/04—Making microcapsules or microballoons by physical processes, e.g. drying, spraying
    • B01J13/043—Drying and spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/50—Perfumes
    • C11D3/502—Protected perfumes
    • C11D3/505—Protected perfumes encapsulated or adsorbed on a carrier, e.g. zeolite or clay
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/41—Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
    • A61K2800/412—Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/56—Compounds, absorbed onto or entrapped into a solid carrier, e.g. encapsulated perfumes, inclusion compounds, sustained release forms

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
HK05101067A 2001-11-22 2005-02-08 Perfuming or flavouring microcapsules comprising afireproofing agent HK1067573A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IB0102210 2001-11-22
PCT/IB2002/004749 WO2003043728A1 (en) 2001-11-22 2002-11-11 Perfuming or flavouring microcapsules comprising a fireproofing agent

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
HK1067573A1 true HK1067573A1 (en) 2005-04-15

Family

ID=11004213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
HK05101067A HK1067573A1 (en) 2001-11-22 2005-02-08 Perfuming or flavouring microcapsules comprising afireproofing agent

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (2) US7204998B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1450941B1 (zh)
JP (2) JP2005509698A (zh)
CN (1) CN100411724C (zh)
AT (1) ATE353029T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2002347442A1 (zh)
BR (1) BR0206271B1 (zh)
DE (1) DE60217973T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2278984T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1067573A1 (zh)
MX (1) MXPA03006636A (zh)
WO (1) WO2003043728A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1523339B2 (en) † 2002-07-11 2011-12-14 Firmenich SA Composition for controlled release of perfumes and flavours
US20060127425A1 (en) * 2002-12-10 2006-06-15 Venture Management Alliance, Llc Encapsulated material released to generate perceivable sensorial indicia of discrete event occurrence
GB0310673D0 (en) * 2003-05-09 2003-06-11 Givaudan Sa Alginate matrix particles
CN100569211C (zh) * 2004-10-01 2009-12-16 弗门尼舍有限公司 含有抑爆剂的加香或调味微胶囊
DE102004050562A1 (de) * 2004-10-15 2006-05-04 Henkel Kgaa Aufnahmefähige Partikel
MX2007009167A (es) * 2005-02-03 2007-08-14 Firmenich & Cie Composiciones secadas por atomizacion y sus usos.
WO2007004094A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-11 Firmenich Sa Granulated fragranced foam control agents
US20070078071A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Kaiping Lee Spray dry capsule products and methods for preparing and using same
US7736549B2 (en) * 2006-02-16 2010-06-15 John Griem Flame retardant chemical composition
EP1991066B1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2010-09-15 Firmenich S.A. Process for the preparation of powders from slurries of fragranced aminoplast capsules
WO2008065563A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-06-05 Firmenich Sa Moisture resistant perfuming microcapsules comprising a water-soluble resin
US20090253612A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-08 Symrise Gmbh & Co Kg Particles having a high load of fragrance or flavor oil
DE102008047976A1 (de) * 2008-09-18 2010-04-01 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Mikrokapsel und Verbundstoff
US9186642B2 (en) 2010-04-28 2015-11-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Delivery particle
US9993793B2 (en) 2010-04-28 2018-06-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Delivery particles
US9332776B1 (en) 2010-09-27 2016-05-10 ZoomEssence, Inc. Methods and apparatus for low heat spray drying
US8939388B1 (en) 2010-09-27 2015-01-27 ZoomEssence, Inc. Methods and apparatus for low heat spray drying
US9320821B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2016-04-26 Firmenich Sa Method for counteracting ammonia malodor
KR102038245B1 (ko) * 2010-12-27 2019-10-29 디에스엠 아이피 어셋츠 비.브이. 분말형 비타민 e 제형
EP2694031B1 (en) 2011-04-07 2015-07-08 The Procter and Gamble Company Conditioner compositions with increased deposition of polyacrylate microcapsules
MX2013010980A (es) 2011-04-07 2013-10-30 Procter & Gamble Composiciones de limpieza personal con deposito mejorado de microcapsulas de poliacrilato.
JP5869663B2 (ja) 2011-04-07 2016-02-24 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブルカンパニー ポリアクリレートマイクロカプセルの付着が増大したシャンプー組成物
IN2014DN05954A (zh) * 2012-02-07 2015-06-26 Dsm Ip Assets Bv
CA2885381A1 (en) * 2012-09-20 2014-03-27 Jiten Odhavji Dihora Spray drying microcapsules
JP6427788B2 (ja) * 2013-07-26 2018-11-28 ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー．ブイ．Ｄｓｍ Ｉｐ Ａｓｓｅｔｓ Ｂ．Ｖ． 芳香環系を有する有機酸アミドの改良された粉末配合物
CN105899651B (zh) * 2013-10-04 2020-02-07 宝洁公司 基于苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物的包含有益剂的递送颗粒
BR112016012759B1 (pt) * 2013-12-20 2022-02-22 Philip Morris Products S.A Sistema de distribuição de sabor de zeolita encapsulado em cera para tabaco, seu uso, composição para fumar, artigo para fumar e método de formação de uma composição para fumar
CN104119676B (zh) * 2014-06-30 2017-04-26 惠州市集和光电科技有限公司 一种pa66用无卤素阻燃剂及由其制备的环保阻燃pa66材料
US10155234B1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-12-18 ZoomEssence, Inc. Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process
US10486173B2 (en) 2017-08-04 2019-11-26 ZoomEssence, Inc. Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process
JP7177136B2 (ja) 2017-08-04 2022-11-22 ズーメッセンス，インコーポレイテッド 超高効率噴霧乾燥装置及びプロセス
US9993787B1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-06-12 ZoomEssence, Inc. Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process
US9861945B1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-01-09 ZoomEssence, Inc. Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process
US11773328B2 (en) 2018-03-05 2023-10-03 Firmenich Sa Powdered composition comprising a fireproofing agent
US10569244B2 (en) 2018-04-28 2020-02-25 ZoomEssence, Inc. Low temperature spray drying of carrier-free compositions
WO2020067861A1 (es) * 2018-09-27 2020-04-02 Velazquez Mosqueda Jose Abel Dispositivo de fragancia de recarga encapsulado y método de elaboración
CN112194513A (zh) * 2020-09-22 2021-01-08 武汉鸿谷致远科技有限公司 一种生物除臭剂
WO2023186256A1 (en) 2022-03-28 2023-10-05 Symrise Ag Fireproofing agents
WO2024035547A1 (en) 2022-08-09 2024-02-15 International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. Fragrance-containing granules

Family Cites Families (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1142147A (en) * 1965-05-28 1969-02-05 Glaxo Lab Ltd A process for making free-flowing gel particles
US3989852A (en) * 1974-04-16 1976-11-02 Edwin Palmer Method for encapsulating materials
JPS5919154B2 (ja) * 1976-10-04 1984-05-02 日本ペイント株式会社 粉体塗料組成物
US4342669A (en) * 1980-02-11 1982-08-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Fire-retardant insulating composition and its production
PH18554A (en) 1981-07-21 1985-08-09 Unilever Nv Encapsulation of volatile liquids
US4597959A (en) * 1982-04-30 1986-07-01 Arthur Barr Sustained release breath freshener, mouth and palate coolant wafer composition and method of use
US4908233A (en) * 1985-05-08 1990-03-13 Lion Corporation Production of microcapsules by simple coacervation
JPH0618635B2 (ja) * 1985-05-16 1994-03-16 トツパン・ム−ア株式会社 水溶性ドライカプセル
JPS62222001A (ja) * 1986-03-20 1987-09-30 Dowa Teppun Kogyo Kk 金属粉用発火防止剤
JPS63173568A (ja) * 1987-01-14 1988-07-18 Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd ２重被覆粉末油脂
US4812445A (en) * 1987-02-06 1989-03-14 National Starch And Chemical Corporation Starch based encapsulation process
US5098725A (en) * 1989-06-30 1992-03-24 Bio-Dar, Ltd. Heat stabilized flavoring agents coated with hydrogenated castor oil
AU7903191A (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-12-10 Danochemo A/S Process for preparing microcapsules containing a flavourant embedded in a matrix material and products prepared by using the process
GB9021061D0 (en) * 1990-09-27 1990-11-07 Unilever Plc Encapsulating method and products containing encapsulated material
US5332524A (en) * 1992-04-20 1994-07-26 Valkyrie Scientific Proprietary, L.C. Methods for dissolving water soluble polymers and compositions using same
JPH0631707A (ja) * 1992-07-17 1994-02-08 Araco Corp 木質ファイバの乾燥方法
DE4327063A1 (de) * 1993-08-12 1995-02-16 Kirsten Dr Westesen Ubidecarenon-Partikel mit modifizierten physikochemischen Eigenschaften
US6555098B1 (en) * 1994-12-09 2003-04-29 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Cosmetic deodorant products containing encapsulated bicarbonate and fragrance ingredients
US5585093A (en) * 1995-05-08 1996-12-17 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Cosmetic deodorant compositions containing encapsulated bicarbonate and liquid fragrance ingredients
US5614179A (en) * 1995-09-27 1997-03-25 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Cosmetic deodorant products containing a polymer/fragrance-encapsulated bicarbonate ingredient
JP3657007B2 (ja) * 1995-10-27 2005-06-08 ジボーダン−ルール（アンテルナシヨナル）ソシエテ アノニム フレーバー剤顆粒
JP3545148B2 (ja) * 1996-01-08 2004-07-21 味の素株式会社 食用マイクロカプセル及びそれを含有する食品
DE19600324A1 (de) * 1996-01-08 1997-07-10 Basf Ag Granulate für kosmetische und pharmazeutische Zubereitungen
US5861144A (en) * 1997-06-09 1999-01-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Perfumed compositions for reducing body odors and excess moisture
EP1064856B1 (en) * 1999-06-30 2005-04-06 Givaudan SA Encapsulation of active ingredients
ZA200003120B (en) * 1999-06-30 2001-01-02 Givaudan Roure Int Encapsulation of active ingredients.
DE19959288C2 (de) * 1999-12-09 2002-01-24 Clariant Gmbh Sicherheitstechnisch verbesserte Pigmentzubereitungen
US6369290B1 (en) * 2000-02-17 2002-04-09 Tyco Healthcare Retail Services Ag Time release odor control composition for a disposable absorbent article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60217973D1 (de) 2007-03-22
ES2278984T3 (es) 2007-08-16
MXPA03006636A (es) 2004-05-21
EP1450941B1 (en) 2007-01-31
US7204998B2 (en) 2007-04-17
JP2010138414A (ja) 2010-06-24
BR0206271B1 (pt) 2014-03-18
US20070155649A1 (en) 2007-07-05
BR0206271A (pt) 2003-12-30
EP1450941A1 (en) 2004-09-01
DE60217973T2 (de) 2007-11-08
CN100411724C (zh) 2008-08-20
WO2003043728A1 (en) 2003-05-30
JP2005509698A (ja) 2005-04-14
US20040022821A1 (en) 2004-02-05
AU2002347442A1 (en) 2003-06-10
ATE353029T1 (de) 2007-02-15
CN1491131A (zh) 2004-04-21
US7998494B2 (en) 2011-08-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
HK1067573A1 (en) Perfuming or flavouring microcapsules comprising afireproofing agent
WO2001072262A3 (en) New cosmetic, personal care, cleaning agent, and nutritional supplement compositions comprising bioactive glass and methods of making and using the same
BRPI9902623B1 (pt) composições em pó e em emulsão com vitaminas, comprimido efervescente, bebida e método de produção da composição em pó.
IL103866A0 (en) Stable vitamin and/or carotenoid products in powder form,and the preparation thereof
HUP0301146A3 (en) 2-chlor-5-nitrophenyl carboxamide derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use
NO993221D0 (no) FremgangsmÕte for fremstilling av matkrydder, matingrediens og matvaresammensetningskrydder og anvendelse herav
AU2003232211A8 (en) Aroma particle
IL123036A (en) 1-phenyl-8-substituted-1,3,8-triaza-spiro¬4.5¾decan-4-one derivatives their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
MXPA01004876A (es) Producto comestible refrescante de aliento.
WO2002080708A3 (en) A smoker's requisite
AU6484601A (en) Food slice consisting of two or more food items, and processes for making and packaging same
AU4073901A (en) Novel pharmaceutical or dietetic mushroom-based compositions
HUP0201717A3 (en) Food product cartridge, base part of it and baverage or food dispenser
HK1047554B (zh) 瓷製玩偶、可收藏物品和把要保存的材料包藏起來的方法
ZA200200039B (en) Composition comprising alkaline sphingomyelinase for use as a dietetic preparation, food supplement or pharmaceutical product.
GB2379855A (en) Dietary regime for companion animals
AU2552702A (en) Powdered fat composition and products made thereof
AU2002225527A1 (en) Powdered fat composition and products made thereof
SG91869A1 (en) Flavor compounds
ZA200106005B (en) A game-type flavouring agent.
AU2001282730A1 (en) Seal-oil-based pharmaceutical, cosmetic, dermo-cosmetic, hygiene, alimentary andpara-alimentary (food-supplements) products; their methods of preparation; thei r uses as preventive and/or as therapeutic agents
AU2003205710A1 (en) Use of anti-adhesive packaging materials for packaging chemicals and food
HUP0303195A3 (en) O-substituted 6-methyl-tramadol derivatives, process for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
MXPA01002408A (es) Productos alimenticios tipo granola y metodo para fabricarlos.
IL156532A0 (en) Lipid microparticles, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AM Amended specification (according sect 146 of patent law)

Free format text: CORRECTION OF THE NAME OF APPLICANT FROM FIRMENICH S.A. TO FIRMENICH SA.

Effective date: 20070316

PC Patent ceased (i.e. patent has lapsed due to the failure to pay the renewal fee)

Effective date: 20101111