GB2473931A

GB2473931A - Carding element for a carding machine

Info

Publication number: GB2473931A
Application number: GB201015664A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Joachim Breuer; Christoph Farber
Original assignee: Truetzschler GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Truetzschler GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2009-09-23
Filing date: 2010-09-20
Publication date: 2011-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-20
Also published as: CH701850B1; BRPI1003539A2; DE102009042464A1; IT1400780B1; CN102021681B; CH701850A2; GB2473931B; CN102021681A; ITMI20101690A1; GB201015664D0

Abstract

A carding element for a flat card or roller card has an elongate body for covering the cylinder. The body includes a carrier 24, which is provided with a fixing face 24b for a clothing strip, which fixing face in operation faces towards the working region of the card. In order to provide an apparatus in which the carrier 1 is dimensionally stable in operation even when subject to the effects of heat, the carrier 24 for the clothing strip is solidly constructed and is made of heat-conducting material. The outward facing face 24a may largely have a constant spacing from the inner face 24b, a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution with a small heat gradient being present in the height direction and over the width of the carrier. Alternatively an integral triangular profiled part (24', figure 4) may be provided opposite the lower side 24b to increase the bending resistance of the carrier plate. An insulating layer (29, figure 5) may be provided at the upper and two lateral faces of the carrier plate to reduce heat radiation to the outside. The carrier 24 and backing 25 may be concavely profiled along their length to counteract thermal sagging.

Description

Carding element for a carding machine The invention relates to a carding element fcr a carding machine, for example, for a flat card or roller card.

It is known, in a fixed carding element, to have end regions each of which is formed for fixing to the frame of the card and, between the end regions, to have an elongate body (carrying element) for covering the cylinder, wherein the body includes a plate-shaped carrier, which is provided with a fixing face for a clothing strip, which fixing face in operation faces inwards (in towards the working regicn of the card) In cards of current mode of construction, in addition to the card top having flexible clothings, fixed carding elements having all-steel clothings are also used for the carding process, the actual clothings being borne on high-precision carrier components, which are then mounted on the machine. Extruded aluminium profiled parts are now usually used as carrier components. Besides having numerous advantages such as, for example, low weight, high rigidity etc., these do have the disadvantage, however, that when heated on one side, which does happen in the case of carding, they undergo deformation to the heated side. The taller the component, the greater is the rigidity but also the deformation under the influence of heat. This deformation results in a carding nip which is not constant, which in turn has the consequence of a technical carding result which is not optimal.

The fixed carding elements increasingly being used in flat cards and roller cards generally consist of a carrier profiled part and, fixed thereto, clothing strips (1 to 3 per carrier profiled part). The carrier profiled parts for fixed carding elements are now constructed as extruded aluminium profiled parts that are closed on all sides. In the case of a known apparatus (EP 0 687 754 A), the carrying element is a hollow profiled part, the cross-sectional shape of which includes closed cavities. Over the length, cavities are entirely surrounded by closed wall surfaces -apart from the two end faces. The heat arising during the carding process is to a large extent given off to the outside by way of the fixed carding elements. The temperature gradient necessary therefor within the cr0ss-section of the profiled part results in deformation of the fixed carding element. The greater that gradient, the greater is the deformation. In the case of cross-sections of profiled parts that are closed on all sides, relatively large temperature gradients come about which give rise to undesirably large deformations. In the case of those profiled parts, the enclosed air chambers furthermore have a disadvantageous effect, causing the profiled parts to act like thermal insulation and to raise the temperature level of the cylinder and adjacent components.

The heating gives rise, however, not only to thermal expansion over the entire working width of the card but also to heat gradients over the arrangements of the various components of the card. For example, a temperature of 45°C may come about at the cylinder surface. A fixed carding segment arranged adjacent to the cylinder will also approximately reach this temperature on the cylinder clothing side, In contrast, on that side of the carding segment which is remote from the cylinder, the carding segment, for constructional reasons (owing to the working width and the accuracy of the elements), has a back that is several centimetres tall (EP 0 687 754 A), and the temperature at that side will reach a substantially lower value (for example, 28°C). The difference in temperature over a fixed carding segment can accordingly amount to several degrees Celsius. How large that temperature difference is will be dependent on the nature of the segment (construction, material), the carding work done (speed of rotation, production), the spacing of the element from the roller and how the heat produced can be removed.

This heat gradient causes sagging of the elements over the width of the card. This sagging gives rise to a narrower carding nip in the middle than towards the outsides. This gives rise to an uneven carding nip which becomes wider towards the outsides. This results in reduced carding quality and/or in worse nep disentanglement. It can likewise result in "lateral flight" of the fibres. This means that fibres collect, and even settle, in the edge region, especially outside the working width. These effects come about in a card having a working width of 1 metre but become greater with increasing working width, for example when the working width is greater than 1 metre, for example 1.2 metres or more. The anomalies which occur as a result of the above-mentioned effects cannot be disregarded here but rather are a problem for the overall carding quality of the card. The problem of thermal sagging is added to the mechanical sagging that becomes greater with increasing It is an aim of the invention to provide an apparatus of the kind described at the beginning that avoids or mitigates the mentioned disadvantages, especially wherein the carrying element is dimensionally stable in operation even when subject to the effects of heat.

The invention provides a carding element for use in a carding machine, having end regions arranged to be supported on a support member of said carding machine, and, extending between the end regions, an elongate body for covering the cylinder, wherein the elongate body comprises a carrier, the carrier having a fixing face for a clothing strip, which fixing face in operation faces inwards towards a roller of the carding machine and, on the opposite side of the carrier to said fixing face, an outer face, wherein the carrier is a solid body made of heat-conducting material.

As a result of the measures according to the invention, a considerable part of the heat is given off to the outside so that the carrying element remains dimensionally stable in operation even when subject to the effects of heat. An advantage lies in the fact that the cross-section of the profiled part is solidly constructed, that is to say has no cavities. In addition, on the face facing the outside there are no substantial projecting back spurs or the like. As a result of the largely homogenous heat distribution with a low heat gradient, the effects of heat are eliminated and constant carding spacings are brought about. The carrier is homogeneously heated and gives off the heat evenly to the outside.

The carrier element according to the invention for clothings exhibits no deformation, or deformation that is as minimal as is possible, due to the influence of heat.

The resistance to bending in the longitudinal direction thereof is substantially increased.

The absent or reduced deformation ensures a constant carding nip over the working width of the machine. This results in better carded sliver and yarn quality.

Advantageously, the material cross-section of the carrier makes possible a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution with a small heat gradient.

Advantageously, the carrier is constructed in the form of a carrier plate. Advantageously, the carrier has a substantially rectangular cross-section. Advantageously, the carrier (carrier plate), in respect of its cross-sectional area, is provided, over at least a sub-region of its longitudinal direction, with a profiling which increases the bending resistance of the carrier in its longitudinal direction. Advantageously, the profiling for increasing the bending resistance is directly integrated into the carrier plate. Preferably, a substantially triangular profiled part is directly integrated into the carrier plate. Advantageously, the profiled part has an obtuse angle. In practice, that typically results in the profiled part having a height that is less than the height of the carrier plate. Advantageously, the profiled part is continuous in its longitudinal direction. Preferably, the carrier plate is made of a metallic material. Preferably, the carrier plate is made of an aluminium alloy.

Advantageously, the carrier plate is extruded.

Advantageously, the material for the carrier plate has a high heat capacity. Advantageously, the material for the carrier plate has a low thermal expansion coefficient.

Advantageously, the carrier plate is provided on its outward facing face with thermal insulation.

Advantageously, in operation, under load, along the height direction of the fixed carding element or card flat and over the width, there arises no temperature gradient or no temperature gradient worthy of mention which results in uncontrolled sagging of the carrier element. Preferably, the carrier for the clothing strip is solidly constructed, made of heat-conducting material. Advantageously, the mass of the carrier is arranged substantially tangentially, preferably concentrically, with respect to the cylinder.

Advantageously, the heat-conducting material has a low thermal expansion coefficient, high thermal conductivity, high heat capacity and a high Young's modulus.

Advantageously, the carrier has no heat-conducting longitudinal ribs, longitudinal spines or longitudinal rigidity-providers. Preferably, the carrier has a closed mode of construction. Advantageously, the carrier is, at least partially, surrounded by an insulating layer.

Advantageously, no cavity is present between the insulating layer and the carrier. Advantageously, the clothing backing for the clothing strip is made of heat-conducting material, and the clothing backing is solidly constructed, that is to say is made entirely of heat-conducting material and has no cavities worthy of mention. Preferably, no cavities exist between the clothing and carrier.

Advantageously, the carrier is made approximately of a smooth, solidly constructed, metal, rectangular profiled part.

Advantageously, the face of the carrier which is associated with the ambient air is provided with a corrugated shape or the like or topographic structures (low) in order to increase the surface area. Preferably, a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution with a low heat gradient is present in the height direction and over the width of the carrier. Advantageously, the material cross-section has a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution over the width. Advantageously, the material cross-section of the carrier has a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction. Advantageously, the carrier and/or the clothing backing has/have a concave bend on the inward facing side over the working width. Advantageously, the bend curvature is so selected that the correction of mechanical and/or thermal sagging over the working width is assisted. Preferably, the working width measures more than 1200 mm, for example 1300 mm. The carding element may be constructed as a fixed carding element or as a card top bar for revolving card top.

The invention also provides an apparatus at a flat card or roller card, wherein at least one fixed carding element is present, having end regions each of which is formed for fixing to the frame of the card and, between the end regions, having an elongate body (carrying element) for covering the cylinder, wherein the body includes a plate-shaped carrier, which is provided with a fixing face for a clothing strip, which fixing face in operation faces inwards (in towards the working region of the card), wherein the carrier for the clothing strip is solidly constructed and is made of heat-conducting material, and the outward facing face largely has a constant or substantially constant spacing from the inward facing fixing face, the material cross-section of the carrier making possible a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution with a small heat gradient.

Certain embodiments of the invention will be described hereinafter in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a flat card having the apparatus according to the invention; Fig. 2 shows a carding segment, a portion of a side screen, with spacing between the carding segment clothing and the cylinder clothing; Fig. 2a shows the carding element according to Fig. 2 in detail; Fig. 3 is a side view of a first embodiment of fixed carding element according to the invention, with a carrier, clothing strip and clothing, the carrier being rectangular in cross-section; Fig. 3a shows, in an exploded view, part of the carrier, the clothing backing and the clothing; Fig. 4 shows an arrangement in which the cross-section of the carrier is in the form of a rectangle surmounted by a triangle; Fig. 5 shows a construction in which the carrier is provided with an insulating layer; Fig. 6 shows, in a side view, a side screen of the flat card with two adjusting bends (extension bends) for stationary fixed carding elements in the pre-and post-carding regions; Fig. 7 is a section I-I, in diagrarmnatic form, through an adjusting bend (extension bend) with a fixed carding element on a side screen on one side, with a corresponding view of the other side; Fig. B shows, in a front view, a clothing backing which has a concave bend on the side facing the cylinder; and Fig. 9 shows, in an exploded front view, a carrier and a clothing backing each having a concave bend on the side facing the cylinder and each having a convex bend on the side remote from the cylinder.

With reference to Figure 1 a carding machine, for example a flat card TC made by TrUtzschler GmbH & 00.1KG of Mönchengladbach, Germany, has a feed roller 1, feed table 2, lickers-in 3a, 3b, 3c, cylinder 4, doffer 5, stripper roller 6, nip rollers 7, 8, web guide element 9, sliver funnel 10, delivery rollers 11, 12, revolving card top 13 with card top guide rollers 13a, 13b and flats 14, can 15 and coiler 16. Reference letter N denotes the centre point (axis) of the cylinder 4. Reference numeral 4a denotes the clothing and reference numeral 4b the direction of rotation of the cylinder 4. The arrow A indicates the working direction. The directions of rotation of the rollers are indicated by curved arrows drawn inside the rollers.

In the pre-carding zone (between the licker-in 3c and the rearward card top guide roller 13a) a plurality of fixed carding elements 23' according to the invention are located opposite the cylinder 4, and in the post-carding zone (between the forward card top guide roller 13b and the doffer 5) a plurality of fixed carding elements 23'' according to the invention are located opposite the cylinder 4, which are each located next to one another, seen in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 4.

In the embodiment of Fig. 2, an approximately semi-circular rigid side screen 18 is fixed laterally to the machine frame (not shown) on each side of the card, on the outside of which side screen 18 there is concentrically mounted, in the region of the periphery, an arcuate rigid support element 19, which has a convex outer face 19' as the bearing face and also an underside 19''. The apparatus according to the invention comprises in each case at least one fixed carding element 23, which has at both its ends support faces, which are supported on the convex outer face 19' of the support element 19 (for example, an extension bend) (see Fig. 7) . On the underside of the carrier 24 (carrier plate) of the fixed carding element 23 there are mounted clothing backings 25, 252 each having clothings 26, 262 (carding clothings) . Reference numeral 21 denotes the circle of tips of the clothings 26k, 262. The cylinder 4 has on its circumference a cylinder clothing 4a, for example a sawtooth clothing. Reference numeral 22 denotes the circle of the tips of the cylinder clothing 4a.

The spacing between the circle of tips 21 and the circle of tips 22 is denoted by reference letter a and is, for -10 -example, 0.20 mm. The spacing between the convex outer face 19' and the circle of tips 22 is denoted by reference letter b. The radius of the convex outer face 19' is denoted by reference letter r5 and the radius of the circle of tips 22 is denoted by reference letter r2. The radii r5 and r2 intersect at the centre point Fl of the cylinder 4.

The carding segment 23 according to Figure 2 consists of a carrier 24 (carrier plate) and two clothing strips 27, 272, each of which comprises a clothing backing 25 and 252, respectively, each having clothings 26 and 262, respectively. The clothing strips 27k, 272 (carding elements) are arranged one after the other in the direction of rotation (arrow 4b) of the cylinder 4, with the clothings 26k, 262 (sawtooth wire portions) and the clothing 4a of the cylinder 4 being located opposite one another. The carrier 24 is made of an aluminium alloy and is extruded. The clothing backings 25k, 252 are fixed to the carrier 24 by means of screws 31a and 31b, respectively. The mass of the carrier 24 is arranged tangentially to the cylinder 4, seen in the width direction b. The carrier 24 is of solid construction, having substantially no void regions, save for receiving apertures for the screws 31a and 31b.

The surface of the clothing tips can, when seen in a side view, be concavely curved. The circle of tips 21 of the clothings 26w, 262 is in that case concentrically or eccentrically arranged relative to the circle of tips 22 of the cylinder clothing 4a. The surface of the clothing tips can, when seen in a side view, be formed straight. In this arrangement, the circle of tips of the clothings 26w, 262 is an approximation.

In the embodiment of Fig. 3, a fixed carding element 23 according to the invention has a plate-shaped carrier 24 (carrier plate); on the fixing face 24b thereof which in -11 -operation faces inwards (in the direction of the cylinder 4) there is mounted a clothing strip 27 (carding element) . The carrier 24 is solidly constructed. It has no, or substantially no open or void regions. The clothing strip 27 consists of a clothing backing 25. to which two clothings 26 and 262 are fixed. The clothing backing 25 is fixed to the carrier 24 by screws 31a, 31b in the manner shown in Figure 2. The carrier 24 is constructed as a flat carrier plate, which has a height h1, a width b and a length 1 (corresponding to the longitudinal direction L in Fig. 7) . Reference h2 denotes the height of the carrier 24 and clothing backing 25, and reference h3 denotes the height of the carrier 24, the clothing backing 25 and the clothing 26. According to the exploded view in Fig. 3a, the carrier 24 has an upper face 24a and a lower face 24b, and the clothing backing 25 has an upper face 25a and a lower face 25b. The carrier 24 has, for example, the following dimensions: h1 = 24 -, b 72 -, 1 1300 mm.

Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment in which a triangular profiled part 24' is directly integrated into the carrier plate 24, the embodiment otherwise being as described with reference to Fig. 3. The profiled part 24' is provided on the side located opposite the lower side 24b. The carrier plate 24 is manufactured as one piece together with the profiled part 24'. By this means, the carrier plate 24 is provided, in respect of its cross-sectional area (see Fig. 4), over its longitudinal direction L (cf. Fig. 7), with a profiling 24' which increases the bending resistance of the carrier plate in its longitudinal direction L. The profiling 24' has an obtuse angle a at its tip.

In the embodiment of Fig. 5, the carrier plate 24 is surrounded by an insulating layer 29 at its upper face 24a and at its two lateral longitudinal faces 24c and 24d. As a result, the irradiation of heat to the outside is reduced.

-12 -With reference to Fig. 6, a side screen l8a (the side screen 18b on the other side is shown in Fig, 7) is shown with a setting bend 17a (flexible bend) for the revolving card flats 14 and two setting bends l9'a, l9''a (extension bends) for stationary functional elements (fixed carding elements, extraction hoods) . The setting bend 17a is provided in the region of the upper periphery of the side screen 18a. Two setting bends 19'a, l9''a are provided in the two lateral peripheral regions of the side screen l8a.

As positioning devices, positioning spindles 36' to 36\ and 37' to 37 are associated with each of the setting bends l9'a and 19''a, respectively. The positioning spindles 36' to 136I are supported by their one end on a flange 18'' of the side screen 18a and by their other end on the setting bend 19'a. The positioning spindles 37' to 371V are supported by their one end on a flange 18''' of the side screen l8a and by their other end on the setting bend 19''a. The setting bend l9'a is arranged between the licker-in 3c and the card top guide roller l3a, that is to say in the pre-carding region. On the setting bend 19'a there are mounted stationary functional elements, which in the example of Figure 6 are non-clothed cover elements 32a to 32c, three fixed carding elements 23' to 23', according to the invention and three extraction hoods 33a, 33b, 33c.

The setting bend 19' a is arranged between the card top guide roller 13b and the doffer 5, that is to say in the post-carding region. On the setting bend 19''a there are mounted stationary functional elements, which in the example of Fig. 6 are six fixed carding elements 23''. to 23''5 according to the invention and three extraction hoods 34a to 34c. Reference 35a denotes a part of the machine frame, and reference 38a denotes a bottom carding bend.

-13 -Fig. 7 shows part of the cylinder 4 together with a cylindrical surface 4f of its wall 4e and the cylinder ends 4c, 4d (radial supporting elements) . The surface 4f is provided with a clothing 4a, which in this example is provided in the form of wire with sawteeth. The sawtooth wire is drawn onto the cylinder 4, that is to say is wound around the cylinder 4 in tightly adjacent turns between side flanges (not shown), in order to form a cylindrical work surface provided with tips. Fibres should be processed as evenly as possible on the work surface (clothing) . The carding work is performed between the clothings 26w, 262 (see Fig. 2) and 4a located opposite one another (see Fig. 2) and is substantially influenced by the position of one clothing with respect to the other and by the clothing spacing a between the tips of the teeth of the two clothings 26k, 262 and 4a. The working width of the cylinder 4 is the determining factor for the working width L of all other work elements of the card, especially for the revolving card top flats 14 (Fig. 1) or fixed card fiats 23', which together with the cylinder 4 card the fibres evenly over the entire working width. In order to be able to perform even carding work over the entire working width L, the settings of the work elements (including those of additional elements) must be maintained over that working width L. The working width is, for example, 1300 mm. The cylinder 4 itself can, however, be deformed as a result of the drawing-on of the clothing wire, as a result of centrifugal force or as a result of heat produced by the carding process. The shaft ends of the cylinder 4 are mounted in bearings located on the stationary machine frame (not shown) . The diameter, for example 1250 mm, of the cylindrical surface 4f, that is to say twice the radius r1, is an important dimension of the machine. The side screens iSa, iSb are fixed to the two machine frames 35a, -14 - 35b (cf. Fig. 6) . The extension bends 19a and 19b are fixed to the side screens iSa, l8b. The circumferential speed of the cylinder 4 is, for example, 35 rn/sec. The fixed carding elements 23r2 according to the invention are fixed to the extension bends l9a, l9b using screws 20a, 20b. References Sl and S2 denote the end faces of the fixed carding element 23'.

In the arrangernent of Fig. 8, a clothing backing 25 for use in a carding element according to the invention has a fiat face 25a. On the inward facing side, the fixing face 25b for the clothings 26, 262 has a concave bend over the working width L, which is introduced by means of machining-down or by non-machining-down means. This assists the correction of thermal sagging in operation. The zenith of the concave bend can, depending on the particular application, be located between 0.04 and 0.6 mm relative to a straight line. Reference h5 denotes the spacing of the zenith from the straight line.

In the arrangement Fig. 9, both a carrier 24 and also a clothing backing 25 for use in a carding element according to the invention have, over the working width L, a concave bend on the inside 24b and 25b, respectively, as well as a concave bend on the outside 24a and 25a. The spacings between the respective insides and outsides of the carrier 24 and the clothing backing 25 are parallel or substantially parallel.

Material and a structural arrangement are fundamental.

Material properties: Carrier * thermal expansion coefficient low * thermal conductivity high * heat capacity high * Youngts modulus high -15 Structural arrangement: * The carrier 24 for the clothing strip 27 is solidly constructed, that is to say without cavities.

The carrier 24 for the clothing strip 27 is made of heat-conducting material.

* The mass of the carrier 24 is arranged substantially tangentially, preferably concentrically, with respect to the drum 4, that is to say no heat-conducting ribs or spines protrude from the carrier 24, no U-shape or T-shape but rather, for example, a rectangular profile.

Material: Heat-conducting material, for example steel, aluminium, copper, magnesium.

The objective is to produce a minimal heat gradient radial to the drum 4, that is to say over the overall height (compact construction) . This is achieved as a result of the fact that the surface of the carrier 24 has a temperature that is as high as possible and the component has no substantially projecting parts.

With the apparatus according to the invention the intention is less to compensate the thermal deformation than to minimise the cause of the deformation, by producing a small temperature gradient in the solidly constructed carrier 24.

The clothing strip 27 is screwed against the carrier 24 (carding wall) This carding wall is solidly constructed and rectangular and, for example, 15 -thick. There are no ribs or other projecting surfaces on it. As a result, the heat is homogeneously distributed and the carding wall -16 -undergoes almost no deformation. The irradiation of heat takes place directly at the carding wall, because the ambient air flows along this wall. The carrier 24 fulfils the functions of heating up and giving off heat, and of providing rigidity. By this means, the fixed carding element 23 satisfies the requirements for a carding nip that is as parallel as possible.

The invention has been explained using the example of a fixed carding element 23. Construction and use as a revolving card top flat 14 is likewise included.

Claims

-17 -Claims 1. A carding element for use in a carding machine, having end regions arranged to be supported on a support member of said carding machine, and, extending between the end regions, an elongate body for covering the cylinder, wherein the elongate body comprises a carrier, the carrier having a fixing face for a clothing strip, which fixing face in operation faces inwards towards a roller of the carding machine and, on the opposite side of the carrier to said fixing face, an outer face, wherein the carrier is a solid body made of heat-conducting material.
2. A carding element according to claim 1, wherein the material cross-section of the carrier makes possible a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution with a small heat gradient.
3. A carding element according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the distance between the fixing face and the outer face is constant or substantially constant.
4. A carding element according to any one of claims I to 3, wherein the carrier is constructed in the form of a carrier plate.
5. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the carrier has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
6. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the carrier, in respect of its cross-sectional area, is provided, over at least a sub-region of its longitudinal direction, with a configuration which increases the bending resistance of the carrier in its longitudinal direction.
7. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the configuration for increasing the bending resistance is directly integrated into the carrier.

-18 -
8. A carding element according to claim 7, wherein a substantially triangular profiled part is directly integrated into the carrier.
9. A carding element according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the profiled part has an obtuse angle.
10. A carding element according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the profiled part is continuous in its longitudinal direction.
11. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the carrier is made of a metallic material.
12. A carding element according to any one cf claims 1 to 11, wherein the carrier is made of an aluminium alloy.
13. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the carrier is extruded.
14. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the material of the carrier has a high heat capacity.
15. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the material for the carrier plate has a low thermal expansion coefficient.
16. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the carrier is provided on its outward facing face with thermal insulation.
17. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein in operation, under load, along the height of the carding element and over the width, there arises no temperature gradient or substantially no temperature gradient.
18. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 17, further comprising a clothing strip having a clothing carrier, the clothing carrier being solidly constructed, and made of heat-conducting material.
19. A carding element according to claim 18, wherein the heat-conducting material has a low thermal expansion -19 -coefficient, high thermal conductivity, high heat capacity and a high Young's modulus.
20. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the mass of the carrier is arranged substantially tangentially, with respect to the cylinder.
21. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the carrier has no discrete part connected to it for providing additional rigidity.
22. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the carrier is free of void regions.
23. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the carrier is, at least partially, surrounded by an insulating layer.
24. A carding element according to claim 23, wherein no cavity is present between the insulating layer and the carrier.
25. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 23, further comprising a clothing strip having a clothing backing made of heat-conducting material, the clothing backing being of solid construction.
26. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein no cavities exist between the clothing and carrier.
27. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the carrier is made substantially of a smooth, solidly constructed, metal, rectangular profiled part.
28. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein a face of the carrier which is associated with the ambient air is provided with a corrugated shape or the like or topographic structures in order to increase the surface area.
29. A carding element according to any one of claims I to 28, wherein, in operation, a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution with a low heat gradient is -20 -present in the height direction and over the width of the carrier.
30. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the material cross-section has a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution over the width.
31. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 30, wherein the material cross-section of the carrier has a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction.
32. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein the carrier and/or a clothing backing has/have a concave bend on the inward facing side over the working width.
33. A carding element according to claim 32, wherein the bend curvature is so selected that a correction of mechanical and/or thermal sagging over the working width is assisted.
34. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the working width measures 1200 mm or more.
35. A carding element according to any one of claims 1 to 34, wherein the carding element is suitable for use as a fixed carding element, the end regions being arranged for fixing to a frame of the carding machine.
36. A carding element according to any one o claims 1 to 34 wherein the carding element is suitable for use as a card top flat in a revolving card top.
37. An apparatus at a flat card or roller card, wherein at least one fixed carding element is present, having end regions each of which is formed for fixing to the frame of the card and, between the end regions, having an elongate body (carrying element) for covering he cylinder, wherein the body includes a plate-shaped carrier, which is provided with a fixing face for a clothing strip, which fixing face in operation faces inwards (in towards the working region -21 -of the card), wherein the carrier for the clothing strip is solidly constructed and is made of heat-conducting material, and the outward facing face largely has a constant or substantially constant spacing from the inward facing fixing face, the material cross-section of the carrier making possible a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution with a small heat gradient.
38. A carding element having a carrier in the form of a solid body made of heat-conducting material, the carding element being substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated by any of Figs. 1, 2, 2a, 3, 3a, and 4 to 9.
39. A carding machine comprising one or more carding elements according to any one of the preceding claims.