GB2263490A - Mechanical shield driving method using foaming agent - Google Patents
Mechanical shield driving method using foaming agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2263490A GB2263490A GB9204864A GB9204864A GB2263490A GB 2263490 A GB2263490 A GB 2263490A GB 9204864 A GB9204864 A GB 9204864A GB 9204864 A GB9204864 A GB 9204864A GB 2263490 A GB2263490 A GB 2263490A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- earth pressure
- foaming agent
- water
- excavation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 benzal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000723368 Conium Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical group CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- SMVRDGHCVNAOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;1-dodecoxydodecane;sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCC SMVRDGHCVNAOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
- E21D9/0678—Adding additives, e.g. chemical compositions, to the slurry or the cuttings
- E21D9/0685—Foaming agents
Description
2263490 MECHANICAL SHIELD DRIVING METHOD USING FOAMING AGENT The present
invention concerns improvement in or relating to a mechanical shield driving method.
A conventional mechanical shield driving method, in general, utilizes an earth pressure balance shield machine of the type having the open end of a screw conveyor inserted in an earth pressure chamber defined between the cutter head and the bulkhead, and muck excavated by the cutter head is brought into the chamber and then discharged therefrom to the outside by the screw conveyor.
With the above-mentioned method, however, in the case of excavating a water-bearing sandy or gravelly layer, soil water cannot ef f ectively be sealed or cut of f in the screw conveyor in a series of stages of work ranging from excavation at the cutter head to the discharge of excavated muck and the spill or outflow of water may sometimes collapse the excavation face. Further, an attempt to squeeze the soil water through a valve attached to the screw conveyor at the muck discharge port thereof in order to prevent such an accident, tends to cause an arching phenomenon of excavated muck in the earth pressure chamber, making the discharge therefrom of the excavated muck impossible or lowering the torque of the cutter head to an insufficient level.
1 11 In the excavation of a clayey ground by use of the prior art method, the clayey soil often adheres or sticks to the cutter head or inner wall surfaces of the earth pressure chamber, and consequently, the frictional resistance between the shield and the surrounding ground increases, hindering smooth excavation.
With a view to solving the above-noted problems of the prior art to enhance the workability of the excavated muck, there has heretofore been adopted, for the excavation of a sandy or gravelly stratum, a method according to which bentonite or some other slurries are injected into the earth pressure chamber to thereby increase the fluidity of excavated sandy or gravelly muck and at the same time lower the permeability thereof. This method, however, involves the injection of a large amount of slurry, and hence calls for primary and secondary treatments, thus presenting a problem in terms of work ef f iciency. As regards the excavation of a clayey ground, no effective measures have been proposed so far.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a mechanical shield driving method which affords reduction of the friction between the cutter head and the excavation face, improves the fluidity of excavated muck and lowers its permeability to prevent the occurrence of the arching phenomenon of the excavated muck in the earth pressure chamber and precludes the necessity of post-treatment of discharged excavated muck, and hence provides for excellent workability.
The mechanical shield driving method according to the 2 1 i present invention includes the steps of: supplying at least one of an excavation f ace and an earth pressure chamber with f oam generated by f oaming a solution containing a f oaming agent; stirring and mixing excavated muck and the f oam in the earth pressure chamber to produce excavated muck containing air bubbles and hence having increased fluidity and lowered permeability; conducting excavations at the excavation face while withstanding the earth pressure and ground-water pressure at the excavation f ace with the excavated muck containing the air bubbles; and discharging the excavated muck from the earth pressure chamber.
With the mechanical shield driving method using a foaming agent according to the present invention, since foam is injected into at least one of the excavation face in front of the cutter head and the earth pressure chamber of the earth pressure balance shield machine, the frictional resistance between the cutter head and the excavation face decreases, affording reduction of the cutter torque. It is also possible to prevent the af ore-mentioned arching phenomenon in the earth pressure chamber, because excavated muck mixed with the injected foam and'hence having increased fluidity and lowered permeability is utilized to resist the earth and ground-water pressures in the chamber. Moreover, the excavated muck mixed with the foam or containing air bubbles fills the earth pressure chamber and is smoothly brought out therefrom and into the screw conveyor while retaining the lowered permeability, and consequently, the efficiency of excavation work becomes very high. Besides, the foam in the excavated muck discharged from the screw conveyor gradually disappears with the lapse of time, allowing the muck to return 3 fl- to its original state. Hence, the excavated muck does not call for any primary and secondary treatments after discharge, unlike excavated muck containing bentonite-slurry in large quantities in the past.
other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of its preferred embodiment when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view illustrating an example of an earth pressure balance shield machine embodying the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a front view of the shield machine shown in Fig.
Referring now to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Fig..1 is a sectional view of a hollow cylindrical earth pressure balance shield machine utilized in the method of the present invention and Fig. 2 is its front view. The earth pressure balance shield machine, indicated generally by 1, has on its front end a cutter head 2 for excavation use. The cutter head 2 is supported at the back thereof by a plurality of support beams 3 and is driven by a drive motor 5 via a transmission mechanism 4. Provided behind the cutter head 2 is a partition wall or bulkhead 6. An earth pressure chamber 7 is defined between the bulkhead 6 and the 4 k cutter head 2. Reference numeral 8 denotes a screw conveyor which is driven by a drive motor (not shown) and has its tip end portion passing through the bulkhead 6 to open into the earth pressure chamber 7. The support beams 3 have the function of stirring vanes as described hereinafter. As shown in Fig. 2, the front of the cutter head 2 is f ormed by three spokes 9, each carrying a plurality of bids 19 f ixed thereto. Between the spokes 9 there is formed slit openings 10 through which excavated muck is brought into the earth pressure chamber 7.
Reference numeral 11 indicates a foaming solution tank, which stores a solution containing a foaming agent and from which the solution is supplied in a given quantity to a foam generator 13 via an injection pump 12 disposed forward of the tank 11. The foam generator 13 has incorporated therein a plurality of diffusers (not shown) whereby the thus pressure-fed solution containing the foaming agent is foamed by air supplied from a compressor 14 to generate foam. The foam thus generated is injected into the earth pressure chamber 7 and the excavation face through foam injection pipes 15 and 16, respectively. The injection pipes 16 opening into the front of the cuttei7 head 2 branch out into small- diametered foam feed pipes 16a which are open to the peripheral surf ace of the cutter head 2, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
Reference numeral 17 denotes a driving jack, 18 a segment, 20 a universal joint and 21 a valve.
Next, a description will be given of a practical application of the method according to the present invention. At first, the earth pressure balance shield machine 1 exerts a k 1 reaction to the segment 18 assembled in the rear thereof and is driven toward the excavation face by the shield driving jack 17 fixed at one end to the machine 1. At the same time, the foaming agent diluted with water to a desired concentration and prestored in the tank 11 is pressure fed by the injection pump 12 to the foam generator 13. The solution containing the foaming agent is stirred, in the foam generator 13, by its diffusers with air supplied thereto from the compressor 14, whereby the f oaming solution is rendered into a fine bubble foam similar to shaving f oam, thereafter being pressure f ed into the pipes 15 and 16. The thus fed foam is injected into the earth pressure chamber 7 through the open end of the injection pipe 15 and, at the same time, it is supplied to the excavation face and the peripheral surf ace 2a of the cutter head 2 through the open ends of the pipes 16 and 16a, respectively. As a result, the frictional resistance is reduced between the front of the cutter head 2 and the excavation face and between the skin plate of the shield machine 1 and the surrounding ground. When the surrounding ground is clayey soil, excavated muck is prevented by the injected foam from sticking to the cutter head 2 or skin plate, hence the reduction of the frictional resistance is more remarkable.
On the other hand, muck excavated by the cutter head 2 flows into the earth pressure chamber 7 through the slit openings 10, -along with the injected foam. In the earth pressure chamber 7 the excavated muck and the foam are agitated and mixed by the support beams 3 rotating with the cutter head 2, whereby is produced excavated muck mixed with the foam and hence has 6 f increased fluidity and lowered permeability. The foam-bearing excavated muck filling the earth pressure chamber 7 moves therein while at the same time resisting the earth pressure and the ground water pressure at the excavation face and is brought into the open end of the screw conveyor 8, thereafter being carried out of the earth pressure chamber 7. The excavated muck discharged from the screw conveyor 8 is brought to the earth surface by a belt conveyor, truck, pressure feed pump, a pipe line or similar transport means, though not shown. The foam in the excavated muck thus brought to the earth surface gradually disappears with the lapse of time and the excavated muck returns to its original state before it was mixed with the foam.
Foaming agents of the protein series and surface active agents are suitable for use as the foaming agent in the present invention. An example of the foaming agents of the protein series is harmless animal hydrolytic protein, which has an excellent foaming function and provides a stable foam. An example of the surface active agents is higher alkylether sulfate which is an anionic surface active agent, and lauryl ether sodium sulfate is particularly excellent in the foaming action. It is also possible to employ, as the foaming agent, an aqueous solution of water-soluble cellulose ether or similar water-soluble high molecular substance. For example, a mixed solution of methyl cellulose and a highly water- abs orpt ive resin as the water-soluble high molecular substance is suitable for use as the foaming agent.
In the excavation of a water bearing ground in which case air bubbles in the foam are readily broken down, in particular, 7 k k it is possible to generate air bubbles having strong membranes, by adding the f oaming agent with a water dispersing liquid containing highly water- absorptive resin.
In the excavation of a clayey ground it is desirable to use a benzal coniuin chloride aqueous solution or dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution. These aqueous solutions may also be added and mixed with methyl cellulose or like water-soluble high molecular substance.
While in the embodiment described above the injection pump 12 and the foam generator 13 are manually controlled by an operator in accordance with the conditions of excavation by the shield machine 1, they may also be adapted so that the quantity of foam injected and the injection pressure are automatically controlled by a computer built in the shield machine 1.
That is, cutter torque detecting means and earth pressure detecting means in the earth pressure chamber 7 are provided in the shield machine I for monitoring the excavating conditions therein. Measured values which are delivered from these detecting means in real time are input into control means composed of a CPU, a memory, an 1/0 interface, etc. Under the control of a program stored in the memory the control means computes the revolving speed of the screw conveyor 8 for carrying out the excavated muck from the earth pressure chamber 7 and the running speeds of the injection pump 12 and the foam generator 13 for controlling the quantity of foam to be injected into each of the excavation face and the earth pressure chamber 7 and the pressure of injection therefor. Based on the computed values, the screw conveyor 8, the injection pump 12 and the foam 8 i generator 13 are controlled via the 1/0 interface # so that excavation is conducted with the cutter torque and the earth pressure held at appropriate values.
Incidentally, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited specifically to the earth pressure balance shield machine 1 mentioned above in connection with the embodiment but is applicable also to various mechanical shield driving methods without departing from the scope of the novel concepts of the present invention.
9 1
Claims (15)
1. A mechanical shield driving method comprising the steps of:
feeding foam generated by foaming a liquid containing a foaming agent into at least one of an excavation face and an earth pressure chamber; agitating and mixing excavated muck and said foam in said earth pressure chamber to provide excavated muck containing air bubbles and having increased fluidity and lowered permeability; conducting excavation at said excavation face while resisting the earth pressure and ground-water pressure with said excavated muck containing air bubbles; and discharging said excavated muck from said earth pressure chamber.
2. An excavation method f or an earth pressure balance shield machine, comprising:
a step wherein a solution containing a foaming agent and stored in a tank is agitated by a foam generator together with air supplied from a compressor to generate foam and said foam is fed via a feed pipe to at least one of an excavation face and an earth pressure chamber; a step wherein excavated muck brought into said earth pressure chamber through a slit opening made in said cutter head and said foam are agitated and mixed together to provide excavated muck containing air bubbles and having increased fluidity and lowered permeability; a step wherein excavation is conducted while resisting the earth pressure and ground-water pressure at the excavation face l with said excavated muck containing air bubbles; and discharging said excavated muck from said earth pressure chamber by a screw conveyor.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein said 1 foaming agent comprises a foaming agent of protein series.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein said foaming agent comprises a surface active agent.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein said foaming agent comprises a water-soluble high molecular substance.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5 wherein said water-soluble high molecular substance is water-soluble cellulose ether.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6 wherein said water-soluble cellulose ether is methyl cellulose.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6 wherein said water-soluble cellulose ether is ethyl cellulose.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein said foaming agent comprises highly water-absorptive resin.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein said foaming agent comprises benzal conium chloride.
11. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein said foaming agent comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
12. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 further comprising a step of feeding said foam into a space between the outer peripheral surface of said shield machine and the surrounding ground.
13. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the feed rate of said foam and the pressure for f eeding said foam are automatically controlled by control means provided in said shield machine.
14. A mechanical shield driving method as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
15. An excavation method as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
12 1
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4010396A JP2768104B2 (en) | 1992-01-23 | 1992-01-23 | Mechanical shield excavation method using foaming agent |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9204864D0 GB9204864D0 (en) | 1992-04-22 |
| GB2263490A true GB2263490A (en) | 1993-07-28 |
| GB2263490B GB2263490B (en) | 1995-08-23 |
Family
ID=11748972
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9204864A Expired - Fee Related GB2263490B (en) | 1992-01-23 | 1992-03-06 | Mechanical shield driving method using foaming agent |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2768104B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4206831C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2051629B1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2686649B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2263490B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1259203B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL9200434A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996018802A1 (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-06-20 | Condat S.A. | Material and method for lubricating the metal surfaces of an earth-pressure tunnel boring machine |
| EP0735237A1 (en) * | 1995-03-27 | 1996-10-02 | Nissan Chemical Industries Ltd. | Method for shield excavating soil layer |
| EP0899422A1 (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-03 | Riccardo Dr. Bernasconi | Method of constructing a tunnel |
| CN101812990A (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2010-08-25 | 上海真砂隆福机械有限公司 | Slurry-adding foam system |
| US8360690B2 (en) | 2007-11-02 | 2013-01-29 | Wadeda University | Method of regulating air-foam stabilizer and method of air-foam drilling work |
| CN101812989B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2013-04-10 | 宏润建设集团股份有限公司 | Foam generating device and foam generating method |
| CN108425681A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-08-21 | 宏润建设集团股份有限公司 | A kind of gas soil joint balance shield machine and its face balance control method |
| CN113109245A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-13 | 中交一公局厦门工程有限公司 | Shield muck improvement foaming agent foaming ratio detection device and detection method |
| CN113217000A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-06 | 安徽唐兴机械装备有限公司 | Efficient trenchless tunneling device and tunnel excavating method thereof |
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| DE19752718C1 (en) | 1997-11-28 | 1999-04-29 | Wayss & Freytag Ag | Method of conveying bulk material from pressure chamber |
| EP1092836A3 (en) | 1999-10-11 | 2003-11-26 | Herrenknecht Aktiengesellschaft | Boring device with a cutting wheel having high pressure nozzles |
| JP2001342794A (en) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Tunnel excavator and excavating method |
| AU2002210236A1 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2002-05-27 | Alois Pichler | Method for producing a bore and advancing machine for boring |
| JP4503346B2 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2010-07-14 | 花王株式会社 | Foaming agent for bubble shield method |
| JP4617909B2 (en) * | 2005-02-04 | 2011-01-26 | 株式会社大林組 | Injection method of additives in shield method |
| JP5600288B2 (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-10-01 | 株式会社奥村組 | Mud pressure shield method and mud pressure shield machine |
| JP2013002040A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2013-01-07 | Kajima Corp | Sediment disposal method |
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| EP2910733B1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2018-03-21 | MC-Bauchemie Müller GmbH & Co. KG Chemische Fabriken | Foam generator for an earth pressure shield tunnel propulsion machine and method for conditioning removed soil material as a support medium for an earth pressure shield |
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| CN105041324A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-11-11 | 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 | Method for improving residue soil for shield excavation of water-rich weathering uneven slate interaction formation |
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| JPH0218886B2 (en) * | 1985-07-17 | 1990-04-27 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd |
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| JPH0633716B2 (en) * | 1983-05-17 | 1994-05-02 | 株式会社青木建設 | Shield drilling equipment |
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| US4637882A (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1987-01-20 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Polyampholytes - high temperature viscosifiers for high ionic strength drilling fluids |
| JPS62153382A (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1987-07-08 | Terunaito:Kk | Foaming agent for suspension |
| JPS62206194A (en) * | 1986-03-04 | 1987-09-10 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Shield type tunnel excavation method |
| DE3623553A1 (en) * | 1986-07-12 | 1988-01-28 | Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten | Earth-pressure shield |
| JP2858749B2 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1999-02-17 | 株式会社大林組 | Closed pressure shield method |
| JPH0639875B2 (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1994-05-25 | 日本国土開発株式会社 | Additive for mud pressure shield |
| JPH0635795B2 (en) * | 1988-11-01 | 1994-05-11 | 株式会社淺沼組 | Friction reduction method for underground propellants using foam solids |
-
1992
- 1992-01-23 JP JP4010396A patent/JP2768104B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-28 FR FR9202353A patent/FR2686649B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-28 ES ES09200445A patent/ES2051629B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-28 IT ITPN920011A patent/IT1259203B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-03-04 DE DE4206831A patent/DE4206831C2/en not_active Revoked
- 1992-03-06 GB GB9204864A patent/GB2263490B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-03-09 NL NL9200434A patent/NL9200434A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6361354B2 (en) * | 1984-10-22 | 1988-11-29 | ||
| JPH0218886B2 (en) * | 1985-07-17 | 1990-04-27 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1058317C (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 2000-11-08 | 康达特股份有限公司 | Material and method for lubricating the metal surfaces of earth pressure tunnel boring machine |
| FR2728298A1 (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-06-21 | Condat Sa | PRODUCT AND METHOD FOR LUBRICATING THE METAL SURFACES OF AN EARTH PRESSURE TUNNEL |
| WO1996018802A1 (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-06-20 | Condat S.A. | Material and method for lubricating the metal surfaces of an earth-pressure tunnel boring machine |
| US6287052B1 (en) | 1994-12-16 | 2001-09-11 | Condat S.A. | Material and method for lubricating the metal surfaces of an earth-pressure tunnel boring machine |
| EP0735237A1 (en) * | 1995-03-27 | 1996-10-02 | Nissan Chemical Industries Ltd. | Method for shield excavating soil layer |
| EP0899422A1 (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-03 | Riccardo Dr. Bernasconi | Method of constructing a tunnel |
| US6089791A (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 2000-07-18 | Bernasconi; Riccardo | Tunnel construction method |
| US8360690B2 (en) | 2007-11-02 | 2013-01-29 | Wadeda University | Method of regulating air-foam stabilizer and method of air-foam drilling work |
| CN101812989B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2013-04-10 | 宏润建设集团股份有限公司 | Foam generating device and foam generating method |
| CN101812990A (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2010-08-25 | 上海真砂隆福机械有限公司 | Slurry-adding foam system |
| CN101812990B (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2013-06-19 | 上海真砂隆福机械有限公司 | Slurry-adding foam system |
| CN108425681A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-08-21 | 宏润建设集团股份有限公司 | A kind of gas soil joint balance shield machine and its face balance control method |
| CN113109245A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-13 | 中交一公局厦门工程有限公司 | Shield muck improvement foaming agent foaming ratio detection device and detection method |
| CN113217000A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-06 | 安徽唐兴机械装备有限公司 | Efficient trenchless tunneling device and tunnel excavating method thereof |
| CN113217000B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-06-24 | 安徽唐兴装备科技股份有限公司 | Efficient trenchless tunneling device and tunnel excavating method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9204864D0 (en) | 1992-04-22 |
| DE4206831C2 (en) | 1996-09-12 |
| JPH05202693A (en) | 1993-08-10 |
| ES2051629B1 (en) | 1997-01-01 |
| ITPN920011A0 (en) | 1992-02-28 |
| NL9200434A (en) | 1993-08-16 |
| FR2686649A1 (en) | 1993-07-30 |
| ITPN920011A1 (en) | 1993-08-28 |
| ES2051629R (en) | 1996-06-01 |
| FR2686649B1 (en) | 1994-12-02 |
| ES2051629A2 (en) | 1994-06-16 |
| GB2263490B (en) | 1995-08-23 |
| JP2768104B2 (en) | 1998-06-25 |
| DE4206831A1 (en) | 1993-07-29 |
| IT1259203B (en) | 1996-03-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20010306 |