CN114033395B - Mud cake preventing device and method for earth pressure balance type shield machine - Google Patents
Mud cake preventing device and method for earth pressure balance type shield machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114033395B CN114033395B CN202111263386.1A CN202111263386A CN114033395B CN 114033395 B CN114033395 B CN 114033395B CN 202111263386 A CN202111263386 A CN 202111263386A CN 114033395 B CN114033395 B CN 114033395B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
- E21D9/0678—Adding additives, e.g. chemical compositions, to the slurry or the cuttings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
- E21D9/0678—Adding additives, e.g. chemical compositions, to the slurry or the cuttings
- E21D9/0685—Foaming agents
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
- E21D9/124—Helical conveying means therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mud cake preventing device for a soil pressure balance type shield machine, which comprises the following components: the shield machine comprises a cutter head, a rotary mechanism, a soil bin wall and a screw machine; a plurality of injection ports are formed in the cutter head and the soil bin wall; a soil bin is formed between the cutter disc and the soil bin wall; the soil and slag temperature monitoring device is arranged inside the shield machine and is used for monitoring the temperature of soil and slag inside the shield machine; a pipe system comprising an industrial water branch, a hydrogen peroxide solution branch and a foaming agent branch, wherein the pipe system is communicated with each injection port; the control element is respectively connected with the soil and slag temperature monitoring device and the pipeline system, and controls the pipeline system to inject industrial water, a bubbling bath or a mixed liquid of the bubbling bath and hydrogen peroxide into each injection opening according to the temperature monitored by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device. The method can greatly reduce the times and time of stopping and opening the cabin of the shield machine, and ensure the construction period and the construction quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of earth pressure balance type shield machines. More particularly, the invention relates to a mud cake preventing device and a mud cake preventing method for a soil pressure balance type shield machine.
Background
Along with the gradual development of urban rail transit, a shield method is increasingly widely applied as a safe and convenient construction method. When the earth pressure balance type shield machine is used for construction in a viscous soil layer, mud cakes are very easy to generate at the cutter head, so that the shield cutting torque is increased, the tunneling speed is reduced, and meanwhile, the temperature in the earth bin is increased, so that the service life of the shield machine is seriously influenced. In the traditional solution, the shield machine needs to be stopped and then the open-cabin inspection is carried out, on one hand, the frequent open-cabin inspection can prolong the construction period and improve the construction cost, and on the other hand, the long-time standing of the shield machine can increase disturbance to stratum, so that accidents such as instability of an excavation surface and subsidence of the ground are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages to be described later.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a mud cake preventing device for a earth pressure balance type shield machine, comprising:
the shield machine comprises a cutter head, a rotary mechanism, a soil bin wall and a screw machine; the rotary mechanism is rotationally connected with the soil bin wall, the cutter disc is fixedly connected with the rotary structure, and a plurality of injection ports are formed in the cutter disc and the soil bin wall; a soil bin is formed between the cutter disc and the soil bin wall, a soil inlet of the screw machine is arranged in the soil bin, and a soil outlet of the screw machine is arranged outside the soil bin;
the soil and slag temperature monitoring device is arranged inside the shield machine and is used for monitoring the temperature of soil and slag inside the shield machine;
a pipe system comprising an industrial water branch, a hydrogen peroxide solution branch and a foaming agent branch, wherein the pipe system is communicated with each injection port;
the control element is respectively connected with the soil and slag temperature monitoring device and the pipeline system, and controls the pipeline system to inject industrial water, a bubbling bath or a mixed liquid of the bubbling bath and hydrogen peroxide into each injection opening according to the temperature monitored by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device.
Preferably, the soil and slag temperature monitoring device comprises a plurality of contact type temperature sensors and non-contact type temperature sensors; an annular groove is formed in the inner wall, close to the soil outlet, of the screw machine, and a plurality of contact type temperature sensors are respectively arranged on one side, facing the cutter disc, of the soil bin wall and in the groove; the screw machine is characterized in that a belt conveyor is arranged below the soil outlet of the screw machine, and the non-contact temperature sensor is arranged above the belt conveyor.
Preferably, one end of the groove close to the soil outlet is inclined to the axial direction of the soil outlet to form a slope.
Preferably, the industrial water branch comprises an industrial water system, a water valve and a first flow regulating device, wherein the water valve and the first flow regulating device are sequentially arranged on a pipeline communicated with the industrial water system; the foaming agent branch comprises a foaming agent box and a second flow regulating device, and the second flow regulating device is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the foaming agent box; the hydrogen peroxide solution branch comprises a hydrogen peroxide solution tank and a third flow regulating device, and the third flow regulating device is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the hydrogen oxide solution tank.
Preferably, the pipeline system further comprises a foam mixing branch, wherein the foam mixing branch comprises a foam generator and a fourth flow regulating device, and the fourth flow regulating device is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the output end of the foam generator; the input end of the foam generator is respectively connected with the first flow regulating device and the second flow regulating device.
Preferably, the pipeline system further comprises a mixed liquid branch of the bath and the hydrogen peroxide, the mixed liquid branch of the bath and the hydrogen peroxide comprises a mixing box and a fifth flow regulating device, the fifth flow regulating device is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the output end of the mixing box, and the fifth flow regulating device is communicated with each injection port through a pipeline; the input end of the mixing box is respectively communicated with the fourth flow regulating device and the third flow regulating device.
Preferably, a stirrer is also installed in the mixing box.
Preferably, the first flow regulating device, the second flow regulating device, the third flow regulating device, the fourth flow regulating device and the fifth flow regulating device all comprise flow regulating units, each flow regulating unit comprises a water pump, an electric regulating valve and a flowmeter which are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of a pipeline, and the water pump, the electric regulating valve and the flowmeter are respectively connected with the control element.
Preferably, the flow rate regulating unit further includes a check valve provided at an end of the flow meter remote from the electric regulating valve.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a mud cake preventing method using a mud cake preventing device for a soil pressure balance type shield machine, comprising the steps of:
s1, installing a soil and slag temperature monitoring device and a pipeline system on a shield tunneling machine;
s2, after the shield machine starts to work, the soil and slag temperature monitoring device monitors the temperature of the soil and slag in the shield machine in real time;
s3, when the temperature of the soil and the slag measured by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device is less than or equal to 35 ℃, the pipeline system does not participate in the work of the shield machine; when the temperature of the soil slag is less than or equal to 35 ℃ and less than or equal to 40 ℃, entering a step S4; when the temperature of the soil slag is less than or equal to 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 45 ℃, entering a step S5; when the temperature of the soil and the slag is less than or equal to 45 ℃ and less than or equal to 50 ℃, entering a step S6; when the temperature of the soil slag is more than 50 ℃, stopping the shield machine for inspection;
step S4, pumping water in the industrial water system into the foam generator through the first flow regulating device, the fourth flow regulating device and the fifth flow regulating device in sequence, further pumping the water into the mixing box, and finally pumping the water into each injection port;
s5, pumping water and a foaming agent into a foam generator through a first flow regulating device and a second flow regulating device at the same time, pumping the generated foam into a mixing box through a fourth flow regulating device, and pumping the foam into each injection port through a fifth flow regulating device;
and S6, pumping water and a foaming agent into the foam generator through the first flow regulating device and the second flow regulating device at the same time, pumping the foam into the mixing box through the fourth flow regulating device after generating the foam, pumping the hydrogen peroxide solution into the mixing box through the third flow regulating device, forming a mixed solution of the foam bath and the hydrogen peroxide in the mixing box, and pumping the mixed solution into each injection opening through the fifth flow regulating device.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
according to the mud cake preventing device and method for the earth pressure balance type shield machine, provided by the invention, the temperature of the soil slag is monitored by arranging the soil slag temperature monitoring device at the soil outlet of the spiral machine, the hardening condition of the soil slag in the soil bin is judged according to the temperature of the soil slag, and different modifying agents are pumped into the cutter disc and the injection port on the soil bin wall through the pipeline system according to different temperature conditions, so that the purpose of preventing mud cake generation is realized, the times and time of shield machine shutdown and bin opening inspection are greatly reduced, the complicated steps of soil slag modification in the actual construction process are effectively avoided, and the construction period and the construction quality are ensured.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mud cake preventing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of the mud cake preventing method according to the above embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a mud cake preventing device for a soil pressure balance type shield machine, comprising:
the shield machine 1 comprises a cutter head 11, a rotary mechanism 13, a soil bin wall 12 and a screw machine 15; the rotary mechanism 13 is rotationally connected with the soil bin wall 12, the cutter head 11 is fixedly connected with the rotary mechanism 13, and a plurality of injection ports 14 are formed in the cutter head 11 and the soil bin wall 12; a soil bin is formed between the cutter head 11 and the soil bin wall 12, a soil inlet of the screw machine 15 is arranged in the soil bin, and a soil outlet of the screw machine is arranged outside the soil bin;
the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 is arranged inside the shield machine 1 and is used for monitoring the soil and slag temperature inside the shield machine 1;
a pipe system including an industrial water branch 32, a hydrogen peroxide solution branch 31, and a foaming agent branch 33, the pipe system being in communication with each of the injection ports 14;
the control element is respectively connected with the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 and the pipeline system, and controls the pipeline system to inject industrial water, a shower or a mixed solution of the shower and hydrogen peroxide into each injection opening according to the temperature monitored by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2.
In this technical scheme, when the shield machine 1 is in shield propulsion, the cutterhead 11 at the front end of the shield machine is driven by the revolving structure 13 to rotationally dig stratum soil, and the cut soil residues enter the soil bin and are conveyed outwards through the screw 15. The shield machine 1 further includes a front shield, a middle shield, a shield tail, an electrical system, a power system and other structures of the conventional earth pressure balance type shield machine, which are not described in detail. As the temperature of the earth slag when the earth pressure balance type shield machine is used for slag discharge is closely related to the temperature in the earth bin, the hardening condition of the earth slag and the like, the temperature of the earth slag is about 30-35 ℃ under normal conditions, and when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, mud cakes can be possibly generated. Therefore, the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 is arranged in the shield machine to measure the soil and slag temperature in the shield machine. And judging the hardening condition of the soil residues in the soil bin through the measured temperature. The control element receives the temperature data measured by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2, the control element can be a PLC controller or the combination of the PLC controller and an industrial personal computer, the limitation is not limited in the process, and the control element can receive the data and perform relevant logic operation and logic control. The control element controls the industrial water branch 32, the hydrogen peroxide solution branch 31 or the foaming agent branch 33 in the pipeline system, three modifying agents of industrial water, bubbling or mixed liquid of bubbling and hydrogen peroxide are injected into the injection ports 14 on the cutter head 11 and the soil bin wall 12, the modifying agents are injected into the tunneling surface and the soil residues in the soil bin through the injection ports 14, the properties of the soil residues are changed, the soil residues are not formed into mud cakes or the formed mud cakes with low hardening degree are dispersed, different modifying agents are provided according to different soil residue plate hardening conditions in the soil bin, and the purposes of modifying the soil residues and preventing the formation of the mud cakes are achieved. In this process, only when the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 measures that the temperature of the soil and slag in the shield machine 1 is higher than 50 ℃, the shield machine 1 needs to be stopped for inspection. Therefore, the mud cake preventing device greatly reduces the times and time of shutdown and open-cabin inspection of the shield machine 1, and effectively avoids the tedious steps of soil and slag improvement in the actual construction process, thereby ensuring the construction period and the construction quality.
In another embodiment, the soil temperature monitoring device 2 comprises a plurality of contact temperature sensors 21 and non-contact temperature sensors; an annular groove 151 is formed in the inner wall, close to the soil outlet, of the screw 15, and a plurality of contact temperature sensors 21 are respectively arranged on one side, facing the cutter head 11, of the soil bin wall 12 and in the groove 151; a belt conveyor is arranged below the soil outlet of the screw machine 15, and the non-contact temperature sensor is arranged above the belt conveyor.
In this solution, the temperature of the earth residue in the earth bin is measured directly by means of the contact temperature sensor 21 provided on the side of the earth bin wall 12 facing the cutterhead 11. Considering that the soil bin wall 12 also comprises other electric devices, the measurement accuracy of the temperature sensor 21 on the soil bin wall 12 is affected by heat generated during operation of the devices, the temperature sensor 21 is also arranged in the groove 151 of the soil outlet of the screw 15, and the temperature of soil residue at the soil outlet is measured. Further, a belt conveyor is arranged below the soil outlet of the screw 15, and is used for continuously conveying the soil and slag out of the shield machine 1, so that the non-contact temperature sensor is arranged above the belt conveyor, and is used for measuring the temperature of the soil and slag on the belt conveyor. And then taking the average value of the soil and slag temperatures measured by the three measuring points to represent the soil and slag temperature in the shield machine 1 measured by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2, namely, taking the average value as a reference value for judging the condition of mud cake formation in the soil bin.
In another embodiment, an end of the groove 151 near the soil outlet is inclined to the axial direction of the soil outlet to form a slope. By providing the slope portion to prevent accumulation of earth and slag in the groove 151, the measurement accuracy of the temperature sensor 21 is affected.
In another embodiment, the industrial water branch 32 includes an industrial water system 321, a water valve 322, and a first flow control device 323, where the water valve 322 and the first flow control device 323 are sequentially disposed on a pipeline in communication with the industrial water system 321; the foaming agent branch circuit 33 comprises a foaming agent box 331 and a second flow regulating device 332, and the second flow regulating device 332 is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the foaming agent box 331; the hydrogen peroxide solution branch 33 includes a hydrogen peroxide solution tank 311 and a third flow rate regulating device 312, and the third flow rate regulating device 312 is provided on a pipe communicating with the hydrogen oxide solution tank 311.
In this embodiment, a pipe communicating with the industrial water system 321, a pipe communicating with the foamer tank 331, and a pipe communicating with the hydrogen oxide solution tank 311 are respectively communicated with the injection ports 14. In view of the ease of piping connection, a connection interface 36 may be provided between each injection port and the piping system. The first flow control device 323, the second flow control device 332, and the third flow control device 312 are respectively connected to the control element, and pump water, a foaming agent, or a hydrogen peroxide solution from the industrial water system 321, the foaming agent tank 331, or the hydrogen peroxide solution tank 311 into the pipes communicating with the injection ports 14 according to the instructions sent by the control element, respectively, and adjust the pumped flow.
In another embodiment, the pipe system further comprises a foam mixing branch 34, the foam mixing branch 34 comprises a foam generator 343 and a fourth flow regulating device 344, and the fourth flow regulating device 344 is disposed on a pipe communicating with an output end of the foam generator 343; the input end of the foam generator 343 is connected to the first flow rate controlling device 323 and the second flow rate controlling device 332, respectively.
In this solution, the foam mixing branch 34 communicates with the industrial water branch 32 and the foamer branch 33, respectively. The foam mixing branch 34 enables the mixed foam injected into each injection port 14 to ensure the improvement effect on the cutter head 11 and the soil residues in the soil bin. When it is desired to inject foam into each injection port 14, the first flow rate controlling means 323 and the second flow rate controlling means 332 are controlled by the control element to simultaneously pump water and a foaming agent into the foam generator 343, foam is produced by mixing the two by the foam generator 343, and then foam is pumped into each injection port 14 by the fourth flow rate controlling means 344. When only water needs to be injected into each injection port 14, water may be pumped from the industrial water system 321 to the foam generator 343 through the first flow control device 323, and then injected into each injection port 14 through the fourth flow control device 344.
In another embodiment, the pipeline system further comprises a mixed bath and hydrogen peroxide branch 35, the mixed bath and hydrogen peroxide branch 35 comprises a mixing box 352 and a fifth flow regulating device 353, the fifth flow regulating device 353 is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the output end of the mixing box 352, and the fifth flow regulating device 353 is communicated with each injection port through a pipeline; the input end of the mixing box 352 is connected to the fourth flow control device 344 and the third flow control device 312, respectively.
In this embodiment, the bubbling and hydrogen peroxide mixture branch 35 is in communication with the bubble mixing branch 34 and the hydrogen peroxide solution branch 33, respectively. The mixed foam and hydrogen peroxide liquid mixture injected into each injection port 14 is enabled to be mixed through the mixed foam and hydrogen peroxide liquid branch 35, so that the improvement effect on the cutter head 11 and the soil residues in the soil bin is ensured. When the mixed solution of the foam and the hydrogen peroxide is required to be injected into each injection port 14, the mixed foam is produced through the foam mixing branch 34, then the foam and the hydrogen peroxide solution are pumped into the mixing box 352 by controlling the fourth flow control device 344 and the third flow control device 312 through the control element, the mixed solution of the foam and the hydrogen peroxide is obtained after mixing in the mixing box 352, and then the mixed solution of the foam and the hydrogen peroxide is pumped into each injection port 14 through the fifth flow control device 353. When only foam needs to be injected into each injection port, the foam mixing branch 34 may first produce mixed foam, and then foam may be pumped into the mixing tank 352 and each injection port 14 sequentially through the fourth flow control device 344 and the fifth flow control device 353. When it is only necessary to inject water into each injection port 14, water is pumped from the industrial water system 321 to the foam generator 343, the mixing tank 352 and each injection port 14 in sequence through the first flow regulating device 323, the fourth flow regulating device 344 and the fifth flow regulating device 353.
In another embodiment, a stirrer 351 is also mounted within the mixing tank 352. The liquid in the mixing tank 352 is uniformly mixed by the agitator 351.
In another embodiment, the first flow control device 323, the second flow control device 332, the third flow control device 312, the fourth flow control device 344, and the fifth flow control device 353 each include a flow control unit 30, where the flow control unit 30 includes a water pump 301, an electric control valve 302, and a flow meter 303 sequentially disposed along a direction of a pipeline flow, and the water pump 301, the electric control valve 302, and the flow meter 303 are respectively connected with the control element.
In this solution, the water pump 301 is used for delivering liquid, and the electric control valve 302 controls the flow according to the data measured by the flowmeter 303. Thus, the flow control of water, foam, and a mixture of foam and hydrogen peroxide can be achieved by the first flow control device 323, the second flow control device 332, the third flow control device 312, the fourth flow control device 344, and the fifth flow control device 353; the ratio of the two modifying agents of the foam, the foam and the hydrogen peroxide mixed solution can be controlled through the first flow control device 323, the second flow control device 332, the third flow control device 312 and the fourth flow control device 344.
In another embodiment, the flow regulating unit 30 further includes a check valve 304, and the check valve 304 is disposed at an end of the flow meter 303 away from the electric regulating valve 302. The reverse flow of the liquid caused by the reverse rotation of the water pump 301 or the like can be prevented by the check valve 304.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention also provides a mud cake preventing method using a mud cake preventing device for a soil pressure balance type shield machine, comprising the steps of:
s1, installing a soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 and a pipeline system on a shield machine 1;
s2, after the shield machine 1 starts to work, the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 monitors the temperature of the soil and slag in the shield machine 1 in real time;
s3, when the temperature of the soil and the slag measured by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 is less than or equal to 35 ℃, the pipeline system does not participate in the work of the shield machine; when the temperature of the soil slag is less than or equal to 35 ℃ and less than or equal to 40 ℃, entering a step S4; when the temperature of the soil slag is less than or equal to 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 45 ℃, entering a step S5; when the temperature of the soil and the slag is less than or equal to 45 ℃ and less than or equal to 50 ℃, entering a step S6; when the temperature of the soil slag is more than 50 ℃, stopping the shield machine 1 for inspection;
step S4, after the water in the industrial water system is pumped into the foam generator 343 through the first flow regulating device 323, the fourth flow regulating device 344 and the fifth flow regulating device 353 in sequence, the industrial water is pumped into the mixing box 352, and finally pumped into each injection port 14;
step S5, water and foaming agent are pumped into the foam generator 343 through the first flow regulating device 323 and the second flow regulating device 332 at the same time, after foam is generated, the foam is pumped into the mixing box 352 through the fourth flow regulating device 344, and then pumped into each injection port 14 through the fifth flow regulating device 353;
in step S6, water and a foaming agent are pumped into the foam generator 343 through the first flow rate adjusting device 323 and the second flow rate adjusting device 332 at the same time, after foam is generated, the foam is pumped into the mixing tank 352 through the fourth flow rate adjusting device 344, and a hydrogen peroxide solution is also pumped into the mixing tank 352 through the third flow rate adjusting device 312, so that a mixture of a bubbling bath and hydrogen peroxide is formed in the mixing tank 352, and then pumped into each injection port 14 through the fifth flow rate adjusting device 353.
In the technical scheme, as the temperature of the soil slag when the earth pressure balance type shield machine is used for slag discharge is closely related to the temperature in the soil bin, the hardening condition of the soil slag and the like, the temperature of the soil slag is about 30-35 ℃ under normal conditions, and when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, mud cakes can be possibly generated. Therefore, the formation of mud cakes can be prevented to a great extent by monitoring the temperature of the soil residues and immediately disposing the soil residues in front of the excavation face. When the soil and slag temperature of the soil outlet measured by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 is lower than 35 ℃, the soil and slag basically do not have hardening, and at the moment, a pipeline system does not participate in the work of the shield machine, and the shield machine normally operates; when the temperature of the soil and the slag measured by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 is between 35 ℃ and 40 ℃, the soil and slag plate is light in bonding condition, and only water needs to be injected into each injection opening 14; when the temperature of the soil and slag measured by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 is between 40 ℃ and 45 ℃, the soil and slag plate is heavy, and foam needs to be injected into each injection opening 14 to improve the soil and slag and disperse mud cakes; when the temperature of the soil slag measured by the soil slag temperature monitoring device 2 is between 45 ℃ and 50 ℃, the soil slag plate is seriously bonded, and a mixed solution of bubbling and hydrogen peroxide needs to be injected into each injection opening 14 to further improve the soil slag and disperse mud cakes; when the temperature of the soil and the slag measured by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device 2 is higher than 50 ℃, the shield machine is required to be stopped for checking, and specific reasons are checked.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A prevent mud cake device for earth pressure balance formula shield constructs machine, characterized in that includes:
the shield machine comprises a cutter head, a rotary mechanism, a soil bin wall and a screw machine; the rotary mechanism is rotationally connected with the soil bin wall, the cutter disc is fixedly connected with the rotary mechanism, and a plurality of injection ports are formed in the cutter disc and the soil bin wall; a soil bin is formed between the cutter disc and the soil bin wall, a soil inlet of the screw machine is arranged in the soil bin, and a soil outlet of the screw machine is arranged outside the soil bin;
the soil and slag temperature monitoring device is arranged inside the shield machine and is used for monitoring the temperature of soil and slag inside the shield machine;
a pipe system comprising an industrial water branch, a hydrogen peroxide solution branch and a foaming agent branch, wherein the pipe system is communicated with each injection port;
the control element is respectively connected with the soil and slag temperature monitoring device and the pipeline system, and controls the pipeline system to inject industrial water, foam or foam and hydrogen peroxide mixed solution into each injection opening according to the temperature monitored by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device;
the industrial water branch comprises an industrial water system, a water valve and a first flow regulating device, wherein the water valve and the first flow regulating device are sequentially arranged on a pipeline communicated with the industrial water system; the foaming agent branch comprises a foaming agent box and a second flow regulating device, and the second flow regulating device is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the foaming agent box; the hydrogen peroxide solution branch comprises a hydrogen peroxide solution tank and a third flow regulating device, and the third flow regulating device is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the hydrogen oxide solution tank;
the pipeline system further comprises a foam mixing branch, wherein the foam mixing branch comprises a foam generator and a fourth flow regulating device, and the fourth flow regulating device is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the output end of the foam generator; the input end of the foam generator is respectively connected with the first flow regulating device and the second flow regulating device;
the pipeline system further comprises a foam and hydrogen peroxide mixed liquid branch, the foam and hydrogen peroxide mixed liquid branch comprises a mixing box and a fifth flow regulating device, the fifth flow regulating device is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the output end of the mixing box, and the fifth flow regulating device is communicated with each injection port through a pipeline; the input end of the mixing box is respectively communicated with the fourth flow regulating device and the third flow regulating device.
2. The mud cake preventing device for the earth pressure balance type shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the earth slag temperature monitoring device comprises a plurality of contact type temperature sensors and a non-contact type temperature sensor; an annular groove is formed in the inner wall, close to the soil outlet, of the screw machine, and a plurality of contact type temperature sensors are respectively arranged on one side, facing the cutter disc, of the soil bin wall and in the groove; the screw machine is characterized in that a belt conveyor is arranged below the soil outlet of the screw machine, and the non-contact temperature sensor is arranged above the belt conveyor.
3. The mud cake preventing device for a soil pressure balance type shield machine according to claim 2, wherein one end of the groove near the soil outlet is inclined to the axial direction of the soil outlet to form a slope.
4. The mud cake preventing device for the earth pressure balance type shield machine of claim 1, wherein a stirrer is further installed in the mixing box.
5. The mud cake preventing device for a soil pressure balance type shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the first flow regulating device, the second flow regulating device, the third flow regulating device, the fourth flow regulating device and the fifth flow regulating device each comprise a flow regulating unit, the flow regulating units comprise a water pump, an electric regulating valve and a flowmeter which are sequentially arranged along a pipeline flow direction, and the water pump, the electric regulating valve and the flowmeter are respectively connected with the control element.
6. The mud cake preventing device for a soil pressure balance type shield machine according to claim 5, wherein the flow regulating unit further comprises a check valve provided at an end of the flow meter remote from the electric regulating valve.
7. A mud cake prevention method using the mud cake prevention apparatus for a soil pressure balance type shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, installing a soil and slag temperature monitoring device and a pipeline system on a shield tunneling machine;
s2, after the shield machine starts to work, the soil and slag temperature monitoring device monitors the temperature of the soil and slag in the shield machine in real time;
s3, when the temperature of the soil and the slag measured by the soil and slag temperature monitoring device is less than or equal to 35 ℃, the pipeline system does not participate in the work of the shield machine; when the temperature of the soil slag is less than or equal to 35 ℃ and less than or equal to 40 ℃, entering a step S4; when the temperature of the soil slag is less than or equal to 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 45 ℃, entering a step S5; when the temperature of the soil and the slag is less than or equal to 45 ℃ and less than or equal to 50 ℃, entering a step S6; when the temperature of the soil slag is more than 50 ℃, stopping the shield machine for inspection;
step S4, pumping water in the industrial water system into the foam generator through the first flow regulating device, the fourth flow regulating device and the fifth flow regulating device in sequence, further pumping the water into the mixing box, and finally pumping the water into each injection port;
s5, pumping water and a foaming agent into a foam generator through a first flow regulating device and a second flow regulating device at the same time, pumping the generated foam into a mixing box through a fourth flow regulating device, and pumping the foam into each injection port through a fifth flow regulating device;
and S6, pumping water and a foaming agent into the foam generator through the first flow regulating device and the second flow regulating device at the same time, pumping the foam into the mixing box through the fourth flow regulating device after generating the foam, pumping the hydrogen peroxide solution into the mixing box through the third flow regulating device, forming a foam and hydrogen peroxide mixed solution in the mixing box, and pumping the foam and the hydrogen peroxide mixed solution into each injection opening through the fifth flow regulating device.
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| CN202111263386.1A CN114033395B (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2021-10-28 | Mud cake preventing device and method for earth pressure balance type shield machine |
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| CN202111263386.1A CN114033395B (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2021-10-28 | Mud cake preventing device and method for earth pressure balance type shield machine |
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| CN114033395B true CN114033395B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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