GB2152099A - Cast concrete segment assemblies - Google Patents
Cast concrete segment assemblies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2152099A GB2152099A GB08333568A GB8333568A GB2152099A GB 2152099 A GB2152099 A GB 2152099A GB 08333568 A GB08333568 A GB 08333568A GB 8333568 A GB8333568 A GB 8333568A GB 2152099 A GB2152099 A GB 2152099A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- segments
- assembly
- cast concrete
- concrete segment
- neighbouring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/0004—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship
- F16B5/0056—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels or the interlocking key perpendicular to the main plane
- F16B5/0064—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels or the interlocking key perpendicular to the main plane and using C-shaped clamps
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
A cast concrete segment assembly for lining underground tunnels or roadways has neighbouring segments (A, 1B) connected by means of staples (10). Each staple having its limbs engaged in holes (13) provided in the two neighbouring segments, respectively. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Cast concrete segment assemblies
This invention relates to cast concrete segment assemblies in which neighbouring segments are connected.
In particular, although not exclusively, the invention relates to cast concrete segment assemblies lining underground tunnels or roadways.
It is known for a plurality of arcuate cast concrete segments to be arranged end to end to form a generally annular assembly around the newly exposed inner boundary wall of a circular tunnel or roadway. As the working face of the tunnel or roadway is excavated to extend the tunnel or roadway further annular assemblies are erected to provide a substantially continuous lining along the inner boundary wall. Typically, in some installations, neighbouring segments are connected by means of bolts accommodated in special recesses or pockets provided adjacent to the edges of each segment, the shanks of the bolts passing through bores cast into the end faces of the segment. In other installations dowels might be used.The bolts or dowels provide temporary means of locating and fastening the individual segments, easing erection and holding the annular assemblies in position until strata forces compress the newly erected assemblies into stable structures.
The previously known connecting means frequently require discontinuities along the edges of the segments eg the aforementioned recesses, pockets and bores, tending to give rise to non-uniform loading. Also the use of connecting bolts or dowels associated with the end faces of the segment requires an intricate and potentially hazardous erecting operation in which operators fingers can become trapped between the heavy concrete segments.
An object of the present invention is to provide a cast concrete segment assembly which tends to overcome or reduce the above mentioned problems associated with prior known connecting means.
According to the present invention a cast concrete segment assembly comprises neighbouring segments connected by means of at least one staple having its limbs engaged in holes provided in the two neighbouring segments, respectively.
Preferably, each hole is provided with a compressible plug.
Advantageously, the compressible plug is made of plastic material.
Alternatively, the compressible plug is made of wood.
Conveniently, at least a number of segments constituting the assembly have a plurality of neighbouring segments connected by means of staples.
Preferably, a compressible packer is located between at least some neighbouring segments.
By way of example, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is an incomplete cross-sectional view of an underground mine roadway lined with an annular assembly of cast concrete segments;
Figure 2 is a side elevation of a portion of the assembly viewed in the direction of arrow
A of Figure 1 and shown on an enlarged scale; and
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of Figure 2 and shown on an enlarged scale.
Figure 1 shows an incomplete cross-sectional view of a circular roadway in an underground mine, the inner boundary wall of the roadway being lined with an annular assembly of cast arcuate concrete segments 1. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 each erected ring comprises twelve segments.
As rock or mineral is excavated from the working face to advance the roadway, further rings of segments are erected around the newly exposed generally cylindrical rock or mineral face to retain the face. Upon each new ring of segments being erected to extend the assembly. a grout filling 2, for example, pea gravel, is injected behind the erected ring of segments to fill the cavity between the assembly and the rock or mineral face. The lower portion 3 of the lined roadway is filled with ballast or consolidated backfill material to provide a stable and even roadway floor 4. As indicated in Figure 1 the roadway contains a belt conveyor structure 5 for transporting material excavated from the working face and a rail track installation 6 for carrying men and supplies along the roadway.
Figure 2 shows a side view of a portion of the erected cast concrete segment assembly as viewed in the direction of arrow A in Figure 1. As seen in Figure 2 each segment 1 is connected to all its neighbouring segments by means of staples 10 described in more detail later in the specification with reference to
Figure 3. Figure 2 also shows that the joints between neighbouring segments in each ring are provided with a compressible packer 11 which allows the newly erected rings to be compressed by the adjacent strata as it settles and tends to prevent damage to the erected segments. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2 no compressible packers are located at the joints between assembled rings.
Figure 3 shows the connecting means to comprise a staple 10 having its limbs 1 2 engaged in holes 1 3 provided in the two neighbouring segments 1A and 1 B, respectively. Each hole 1 3 is provided with a tubular compressible plug 1 4 made of, for example, plastics material or wood.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2 one connecting staple is provided between neighbouring segments in each erected ring, and two connecting staples are provided on each side of each segment connecting it to its two neighbouring segments. As clearly seen in
Figure 2 the segments in each newly erected ring of segments are staggered from the segments of the previously erected ring by a distance equal to one half a segment's circumferential dimension.
Thus, in use, during erection of a ring of segments, each segment is connected to its neighbouring segment in the ring by a connecting staple. The staple tending to retain each segment in its erected position until the assembly is made stable under the action of surrounding strata forces. Also, the segments in each newly erected ring are connected to neighbouring segments in the previously installed ring.
The connecting staples have the advantages that they can be installed from inside the erected lining assembly, there is no need for the erecting operator to place his hands between neighbouring segments. This allows for ease of erection and reduces the risk of injury to operators, fingers during final lining up of the segments. Also, because there are no discontinuities along the radial joints between neighbouring segments in an erected ring, the full radial joint area is loaded uniformly utilising the concrete mass to its maxium efficiency.
Claims (8)
1. A cast concrete segment assembly comprising neighbouring segments connected by means of at least one staple having its limbs engaged in holes provided in the two neighbouring segments, respectively.
2. An assembly as claimed in claim 1, in which each hole is provided with a compressible plug.
3. An assembly as claimed in claim 2, in which the compressible plug is made of plastics material.
4. An assembly as claimed in claim 2, in which the compressible plug is made of wood.
5. An assembly as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which at least a number of segments constituting the assembly have a plurality of neighbouring segments connected by means of staples.
6. An assembly as claimed in claim 5, in which a compressible packer is located between at least some neighbouring segments.
7. A cast concrete segment assembly substantially as described herein and substantially as shown in the accompanying drawings.
8. A cast concrete segment for use in an assembly as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08333568A GB2152099A (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1983-12-16 | Cast concrete segment assemblies |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08333568A GB2152099A (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1983-12-16 | Cast concrete segment assemblies |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8333568D0 GB8333568D0 (en) | 1984-01-25 |
| GB2152099A true GB2152099A (en) | 1985-07-31 |
Family
ID=10553394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08333568A Withdrawn GB2152099A (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1983-12-16 | Cast concrete segment assemblies |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2152099A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0327393A2 (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-08-09 | Charcon Tunnels Limited | Improvements in or relating to joints between concrete elements |
| GB2228957A (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1990-09-12 | Charcon Tunnels Ltd | Improvements in or relating to arcuate pre-cast tunnel lining segments |
| FR2669953A1 (en) * | 1990-12-04 | 1992-06-05 | Tuyaux Bonna | Inwardly curved element made of reinforced concrete, such as an arch stone, method for assembly of such inwardly curved elements, and tool for carrying out the method |
| WO2016142648A1 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | Technical Tunnelling Components Limited | Coupler device and assembly |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB954595A (en) * | 1962-01-15 | 1964-04-08 | Kinnear Moodie & Company Ltd | Improvements in or relating to prefabricated concrete tunnel or like shaft linings |
| GB1491195A (en) * | 1974-11-04 | 1977-11-09 | Collins S | Tunnel lining |
| GB1498625A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1978-01-25 | Nuttall Ltd E | Tunnel linings |
-
1983
- 1983-12-16 GB GB08333568A patent/GB2152099A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB954595A (en) * | 1962-01-15 | 1964-04-08 | Kinnear Moodie & Company Ltd | Improvements in or relating to prefabricated concrete tunnel or like shaft linings |
| GB1491195A (en) * | 1974-11-04 | 1977-11-09 | Collins S | Tunnel lining |
| GB1498625A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1978-01-25 | Nuttall Ltd E | Tunnel linings |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0327393A2 (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-08-09 | Charcon Tunnels Limited | Improvements in or relating to joints between concrete elements |
| EP0327393A3 (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1991-02-27 | Charcon Tunnels Limited | Improvements in or relating to joints between concrete elements |
| GB2228957A (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1990-09-12 | Charcon Tunnels Ltd | Improvements in or relating to arcuate pre-cast tunnel lining segments |
| US5035538A (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1991-07-30 | Costain Building Products Limited | Arcuate precast tunnel lining segments |
| GB2228957B (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1992-10-21 | Charcon Tunnels Ltd | Improvements in or relating to arcuate pre-cast concrete tunnel lining segments |
| FR2669953A1 (en) * | 1990-12-04 | 1992-06-05 | Tuyaux Bonna | Inwardly curved element made of reinforced concrete, such as an arch stone, method for assembly of such inwardly curved elements, and tool for carrying out the method |
| WO2016142648A1 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | Technical Tunnelling Components Limited | Coupler device and assembly |
| GB2554551A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2018-04-04 | Technical Tunnelling Components Ltd | Coupler Device and Assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8333568D0 (en) | 1984-01-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |