GB2127729A - Attaching a first metal plate to a second plate - Google Patents
Attaching a first metal plate to a second plate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2127729A GB2127729A GB08324997A GB8324997A GB2127729A GB 2127729 A GB2127729 A GB 2127729A GB 08324997 A GB08324997 A GB 08324997A GB 8324997 A GB8324997 A GB 8324997A GB 2127729 A GB2127729 A GB 2127729A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- metal
- attaching member
- hole
- edge portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 241001016380 Reseda luteola Species 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/0026—Arc welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
- Pallets (AREA)
- Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
Abstract
In a method for attaching a first plate (2) of a first metal, such as titanium, alloy steel or a similar material, to a second plate (4) of a second metal, a hole (6) is made in the plates and a pin shaped attaching member (8, 10) of the first metal, or a metal weldable thereto, is introduced into the hole so that it cannot move axially outwardly from the first plate. One end of the attaching member has been provided with a sidewardly bendable edge portion (14) and the attaching member is introduced into the hole (6) so that this end extends above the first plate (2). This edge portion (14) is then bent over sidewardly in a direction towards the surface of the first plate so that the plates are drawn together around the hole by the reaction force. The edge portion is finally welded to the first plate. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
A method of attaching a first metal plate to a second metal plate
The present invention relates to a method of attaching a first plate of a first metal, such as titanium, alloy steel or a similar material, to another plate of a second metal.
In connection with lining of receptacles and vessels having a round or rectangular shape with titanium plates it has previously been customary to attach the titanium plates against the inside of the vessel by drilling holes from the inside through the titanium plate into the outer shell of an unalloyed or stainless material. The blind hole has thereupon been threaded and a correspondingly threaded pin of titanium has been screwed into it.
The pin has then been welded around the circumference against the titanium plate in order to obtain a seal.
This method is time consuming and
troublesome to execute. The titanium pin thus has
a tendency to cut into the material of the outer
plate, thus making the screwing step very slow.
At the same time the titanium plate has a tendency to move outwardly on the pin and thus
lift from the surface of the outer plate. This is very disadvantageous since the risk of oxygen absorbtion at the weld root increases, which can
result in deterioration of the weld. Furthermore, if the titanium plate is very thin, which is often the case, there is a risk that it can be damaged around the weld. This is due to the fact that the pin, which is coarser than the thickness of the titanium plate,
must be supplied with comparatively more heat during the welding process, which in turn implies that the titanium plate will be heated too much and can melt through. At worst a piece of the titanium plate can be destroyed and the plate has to be cut away and replaced by a new plate.Even if the titanium plate is not destroyed, perpendicular stresses will arise in it which, in unfavourable cases, can lead to fractures later on.
One object of the present invention is to provide a method of attaching a plate of one material to a second plate which does not suffer these disadvantages.
According to the invention there is provided a method for attaching a first plate of a first metal to a second plate of a second metal, including the steps of forming a hole through the plates; introducing a pin shaped attaching member into the hole, the attaching member being made of the first metal, or a metal weldable thereto, and having one end which has been provided with a sidewardly bendable edge portion, the attaching
member being introduced into the hole so that the said end extends outside the first plate so that it cannot move axially outwardly from the first plate; bending the edge portion over sidewards towards the surface of the first plate so that the plates are drawn together by the reaction force around the hole; and welding the edge portion circumferentially to the first plate.Due to the fact that the plates are pressed together around the hole the risk of oxygen being admitted between the plates at the root of the weld is reduced, and so the quality of the weld around the pin is improved.
Preferably, the edge portion is melted during the welding process, which may be completed without any welding wire.
The heat needed for melting the comparatively thin bent over edge portion 14 of the shank 10 may be small enough to ensure that there will be no risk of melting through the lining plate due to too much heat. In fact, a very thin lining plate can be used without involving any such risk. Also due to the fact that welding must not be commenced and carried out until after the pin has been located and been bent over at its end, the assembly work may be far simplified. Furthermore, the welding can be carried out by unskilled welders due to the fact that, normally, no welding wire is required.
Finally, compared with the earlier method described above further advantages of the present invention are that threading of the attaching element and the hole is not required, the weld quality around the attaching member tends to be better, and the welding time may be significantly reduced.
Preferably, one end of the attaching member is of such a shape and size that following welding, the welded portion and the welded end extend essentially level with the surface of the first plate.
Preferably, the hole is drilled straight through the plates and, as the attaching member a headed pin is used, the head of which is brought into contact with the outside of the second plate.
Conveniently, the one end of the attaching member has a central recess, the edge wall of which forms the bendable edge portion.
The invention also extends to an attachment member suitable for use in the methods in accordance with the invention described above.
The method according to the invention is by no means limited to lining new receptacles and vessels. It can also be used to great advantage for lining older vessels, in which the thickness of the outer shell has been reduced due to corrosion, since a method in accordance with the invention does not require a blind hole in the outer shell, as in the earlier known method.
Another area of use is scarfing in rolling mills in connection with changing from milling plate of one material to milling plate of another material.
For this purpose blast welding of the seam has thus far been used. It transpires that the great stresses in the rolling mill involve a great risk that the blast weld may fail. However, the joining method according to the invention may eliminate the risk of the plates separating from each other.
The invention may be carried into practice in various ways and one embodiment will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figures 1 to 3 illustrate three successive steps in carrying out the method according to the invention.
The three Figures illustrate in section a small portion of the wall of a receptacle or a vessel with a round or rectangular shape. An inner lining in the form of a titanium plate is designated 2 and the outer shell of the vessel is designated 4. The outer shell consists of unalloyed or stainless steel.
In order to attach the lining 2 to the shell 4, a number of through holes are drilled through the titanium plate 2 and the lining plate 4. One of these holes is shown in the Figures and is designated 6. From the outside a pin shaped attaching member with a head 8 and a shank 10 is introduced into the hole so that the head is brought into contact with the plate 4. The shank 10 has a central recess 12 in its end that leaves an edge portion 14. The attaching member is of the same material as the lining plate 2 or alternatively is of a material that is easily weldable to this material.
By means of a mandrel indicated at 16 the edge portion 14 of the recess 12 is bent outwardly so that it is brought into contact with the edge of the lining plate 2 and thereby the plates 2 and 4 are drawn together around the hole 6 between the head 8 and the edge portion 14 thus bent.
Practical experiments have shown that bending the end portion of the shank outwardly through approximately 45Q is enough, as is indicated in
Figure 2.
Welding, so called TiG-welding in the contemplated embodiment, is now commenced by melting down the bent over edge portion 14.
Then the weld is completed without the aid of any welding wire, so that a weld 18 with a root indicated at 20 and with the appearance indicated in Figure 3 is obtained. Only in exceptional cases is the addition of material in the form of welding wire necessary. The end of the shank 10 and the surface of the weld facing outwardly are thus essentially left level with the inside of the lining plate 2.
As an example, the following suitable dimensions of the attaching element are given.
Protruding length of the shank above the lining plate 2 = Thickness of the lining plate 2.
Depth of the recess 12 = Thickness of the lining plate 2.
Height of the head 8 = Thickness of the lining plate 2 + 1 mm.
Diameter of the head 8 = Thickness of the shank 10 + 5 mm.
Generally, the length of the pin is adapted and the protruding pin end is shaped so that said end contains the correct amount of material to be able to serve as the additional material required in connection with the TIG-welding process.
Claims (13)
1. A method for attaching a first plate of a first metal to a second plate of a second metal, including the steps of forming a hole through the plates; introducing a pin shaped attaching member into the hole, the attaching member being made of the first metal, or a metal weldable thereto, and having one end which has been provided with a sidewardly bendable edge portion, the attaching member being introduced into the hole so that the said end extends outside the first plate so that it cannot move axially outwardly from the first plate: bending the edge portion over sidewards towards the surface of the first plate so that the plates are drawn together by the reaction force around the hole; and welding the edge portion circumferentially to the first plate.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1 in which the edge portion is melted during the welding process.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 2 in which after melting, the welding is completed without any welding wire.
4. A method as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 3 in which the one end of the attaching member is of such a shape and size that, following welding, the welded portion and the welded end extend essentially level with the surface of the first plate.
5. A method as claimed in any preceding Claim in which the hole is drilled straight through the plates and as the attaching member a headed pin is used, the head of which is brought into contact with the outside of the second plate.
6. A method as claimed in any preceding claim in which the said one end of the attaching member has a central recess the edge wall of which forms the bendable edge portion.
7. A method as claimed in any preceding Claim in which the first material is titanium or alloy steel.
8. A method for attaching a first plate of a first metal to a second plate of a second material substantially as herein specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
9. An attaching member intended to be used for attaching a first plate of a first metal, such as titanium, alloy steel or a similar material, to a second plate of a second metal, the attaching member being made of the first metal or of metal weldable to the first metal and being pin shaped so that it is adapted to be introduced into a hole provided in the plates, the attaching member having abutment means in order to prevent axial movement outwardly from the first plate after introduction into the hole the length of the attaching member with respect to the hole being such that after introduction into the hole, one end extends past the first plate and this end is provided with a sidewardly bendable edge portion.
10. An attaching member as claimed in Claim 9 in which the said end-has a central recess the edge of which forms the bendable edge portion.
1 An attaching member as claimed in Claim 9 or 10 in which the length of the member is such that the end protruding past the first plate has a length of the same order of magnitude as the thickness of the first plate.
12. An attaching member as claimed in Claim 10 or 1 1 in which the depth of the recess is of the same order of magnitude as the thickness of the second plate.
13. An attachment member constructed and arranged substantially as herein specifically described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8205367A SE434228B (en) | 1982-09-20 | 1982-09-20 | SET TO ATTACH A FIRST PLATE TO ANOTHER PLATE, AND PARTS FOR THE EXECUTIVE OF THE SET |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8324997D0 GB8324997D0 (en) | 1983-10-19 |
| GB2127729A true GB2127729A (en) | 1984-04-18 |
| GB2127729B GB2127729B (en) | 1986-08-13 |
Family
ID=20347921
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08324997A Expired GB2127729B (en) | 1982-09-20 | 1983-09-19 | Attaching a first metal plate to a second plate |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3332217A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI80132C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2127729B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO159840C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE434228B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2779785A1 (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 1999-12-17 | Allibert Ind | Covering fixing process on to a sheet metal or plastic support |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3420088A1 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-05 | Schmelzbasaltwerk Kalenborn - Dr.-Ing. Mauritz KG, 5461 Kalenborn | Method and device for mounting wear-cladding panels on a supporting structure |
| DE19935633A1 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2001-02-01 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Fixing disc-shaped contact piece onto cylindrical bearer especially for vacuum chamber, involves manufacturing contact piece, e.g. by stamping, placing it on bearer, and welding it to bearer with pulse welding technique |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB277267A (en) * | 1927-06-07 | 1927-09-15 | Alexander Tertius Harvey | Improvements relating to the manufacture of metallic railway sleepers and chairs |
| GB466622A (en) * | 1935-03-04 | 1937-06-01 | Stacey Bros Gas Construction C | Improved storage reservoir for gas, steam, or volatile liquids and method of fabricating the same |
| GB773771A (en) * | 1946-03-01 | 1957-05-01 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to the metal sheathing of solid bodies |
| GB817662A (en) * | 1957-01-07 | 1959-08-06 | Sheet Metal Technicians Ltd | Improvements in or relating to tins or like containers |
| GB964117A (en) * | 1962-03-21 | 1964-07-15 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to the securing together of at least two members |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB158549A (en) * | 1920-01-23 | 1921-07-28 | Fried Krupp Germaniawerft Ag | Method of joining metal articles |
| US3526746A (en) * | 1966-10-06 | 1970-09-01 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Gas-shielded arc-riveting tool |
-
1982
- 1982-09-20 SE SE8205367A patent/SE434228B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-09-07 FI FI833201A patent/FI80132C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-09-07 DE DE3332217A patent/DE3332217A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-09-19 GB GB08324997A patent/GB2127729B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-09-19 NO NO833368A patent/NO159840C/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB277267A (en) * | 1927-06-07 | 1927-09-15 | Alexander Tertius Harvey | Improvements relating to the manufacture of metallic railway sleepers and chairs |
| GB466622A (en) * | 1935-03-04 | 1937-06-01 | Stacey Bros Gas Construction C | Improved storage reservoir for gas, steam, or volatile liquids and method of fabricating the same |
| GB773771A (en) * | 1946-03-01 | 1957-05-01 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to the metal sheathing of solid bodies |
| GB817662A (en) * | 1957-01-07 | 1959-08-06 | Sheet Metal Technicians Ltd | Improvements in or relating to tins or like containers |
| GB964117A (en) * | 1962-03-21 | 1964-07-15 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to the securing together of at least two members |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2779785A1 (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 1999-12-17 | Allibert Ind | Covering fixing process on to a sheet metal or plastic support |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8205367D0 (en) | 1982-09-20 |
| GB8324997D0 (en) | 1983-10-19 |
| FI80132B (en) | 1989-12-29 |
| SE8205367L (en) | 1984-03-21 |
| SE434228B (en) | 1984-07-16 |
| NO833368L (en) | 1984-03-21 |
| NO159840B (en) | 1988-11-07 |
| FI833201A (en) | 1984-03-21 |
| DE3332217A1 (en) | 1984-05-10 |
| GB2127729B (en) | 1986-08-13 |
| FI80132C (en) | 1990-04-10 |
| FI833201A0 (en) | 1983-09-07 |
| NO159840C (en) | 1989-02-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |