NO159840B - PROCEDURE FOR ATTACHING A FIRST PLATE TO ANOTHER PLATE. - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR ATTACHING A FIRST PLATE TO ANOTHER PLATE. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO159840B NO159840B NO833368A NO833368A NO159840B NO 159840 B NO159840 B NO 159840B NO 833368 A NO833368 A NO 833368A NO 833368 A NO833368 A NO 833368A NO 159840 B NO159840 B NO 159840B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- fastening element
- welded
- edge part
- hole
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241001016380 Reseda luteola Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/0026—Arc welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
- Pallets (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte for befestigelse av en første plate av et første materiale, såsom titan, spesialstål eller liknende, til en andre plate av et andre materiale, ifølge ingressen i krav 1. The present invention relates to a method for attaching a first plate of a first material, such as titanium, special steel or the like, to a second plate of a second material, according to the preamble in claim 1.
Ved innkledning av tanker og kar med rund eller firkantet form med titanplater har man tidligere festet titanplaten mot karets innside ved fra innsiden å bore hull gjennom titanplaten inn i den ytre mantel av ulegert eller rustfritt materiale. When lining tanks and vessels with a round or square shape with titanium plates, the titanium plate was previously attached to the inside of the vessel by drilling holes from the inside through the titanium plate into the outer sheath of unalloyed or stainless material.
Det ikke gjennomgående hullet blir deretter gjenget og en tilsvarende gjenget stift av titan innskrudd. Stiften blir deretter sveiset rundt omkretsen mot titanplaten for å oppnå tetning. The non-through hole is then threaded and a corresponding titanium threaded pin screwed in. The pin is then welded around the perimeter against the titanium plate to achieve a seal.
Denne metode er tidkrevende og vanskelig å utføre. Titanstiften har således en tendens til å skjære inn i den ytre platens materiale, med den følge at innskruingen går meget tregt. Samtidig viser titanplaten en tendens til å vandre utover på stiften og altså løfte fra ytterplatens overflate. Dette er meget ufordelaktig ettersom faren for oksygenopptak This method is time-consuming and difficult to perform. The titanium pin thus has a tendency to cut into the material of the outer plate, with the result that screwing in is very slow. At the same time, the titanium plate shows a tendency to migrate outwards on the pin and thus lift from the surface of the outer plate. This is very disadvantageous because of the danger of oxygen absorption
ved sveiseroten øker og dermed forringelse av sveisen. Særlig dersom titanplaten er meget tynn, hvilket ofte er tilfelle, er det dessuten fare for at den skades rundt sveisestedet. Dette skyldes at stiften, som er grovere enn titanplatens tykkelse, at the weld root increases and thus deteriorates the weld. Especially if the titanium plate is very thin, which is often the case, there is also a risk of it being damaged around the welding point. This is because the pin, which is coarser than the thickness of the titanium plate,
må tilføres forholdsvis mer varme under sveiseprosessen, relatively more heat must be supplied during the welding process,
hvilket i sin tur fører til at titanplaten oppvarmes for meget og smelter gjennom. I verste fall kan av denne grunn en bit av titanplaten ødelegges og må kappes bort og erstattes med ny plate. Selv om titanplaten ikke ødelegges, oppstår det perpendikulærspenninger i den som i ugunstige tilfeller kan føre til senere brudd. which in turn causes the titanium plate to heat up too much and melt through. In the worst case, for this reason a piece of the titanium plate can be destroyed and must be cut away and replaced with a new plate. Even if the titanium plate is not destroyed, perpendicular stresses occur in it, which in unfavorable cases can lead to later breakage.
Hensikten med oppfinnelsen er å tilveiebringe en fremgangsmåte og et festeelement av innledningsvis angitt art, som fører til at ovennevnte ulemper ved den kjente fremgangsmåte minskes eller elimineres helt. The purpose of the invention is to provide a method and a fastening element of the kind indicated at the outset, which leads to the aforementioned disadvantages of the known method being reduced or eliminated completely.
Dette formål er oppnådd ved at fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen har fått de i krav 1 angitte særegne trekk. This purpose has been achieved by the method according to the invention having the distinctive features specified in claim 1.
GB patentskrifter nr. 466 622 og 687 574 omhandler teknikk for sammenføyning av plater, hvor enkelte trekk av samme art som ved fremgangsmåten ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse. Rent bortsett fra at metodene ifølge de britiske patentskrifter er beregnet for helt andre materialer og andre formål, har disse kjente metoder mange felles trekk som innebærer den rake motsetning til fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, og som innebærer ulemper som er uforenlige med det formål foreliggende oppfinnelse tar sikte på å oppnå. Således anvendes ifølge disse patentskrifter nagler som utsettes for stuking med deravfølgende materialspenninger og stum fastklemming av platen nærmest naglehodet, slik at den mangler bevegelsesmuligheter i sitt plan. Ingen av patentskriftene foreslår bruk av et festeelement hvis ene ende er utformet med et sideveis avbøyet kantparti som behandles som angitt i karakteristikken til det etterfølgende krav 1. Derved oppnås heller ikke de fordeler fremgangsmåten ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse innebærer, såsom muligheten til å anvende en meget tynn bekledningsplate uten fare for brudd i området ved festeelementet. GB patent documents no. 466 622 and 687 574 deal with techniques for joining plates, where certain features are of the same nature as in the method according to the present invention. Quite apart from the fact that the methods according to the British patent documents are intended for completely different materials and other purposes, these known methods have many common features which entail the direct opposite of the method according to the invention, and which involve disadvantages which are incompatible with the purpose the present invention aims at to achieve. Thus, according to these patent documents, rivets are used which are exposed to buckling with consequent material stresses and mute clamping of the plate closest to the rivet head, so that it lacks movement possibilities in its plane. None of the patent documents suggest the use of a fastening element whose one end is designed with a laterally deflected edge portion which is treated as indicated in the characteristic of the following claim 1. The advantages of the method according to the present invention are thereby not achieved either, such as the possibility of using a very thin cladding panel without risk of breakage in the area of the fastening element.
Oppfinnelsen skal i det følgende beskrives nærmere med hjelp av et utføringseksempel, under henvisning til de medføl-gende tegninger på hvilke fig. 1-3 anskueliggjør tre suksessive trinn ved gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen. In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with the help of an embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which fig. 1-3 illustrate three successive steps in carrying out the method according to the invention.
Tegningene er ikke nødvendigvis i skala, men kan vise The drawings are not necessarily to scale, but may show
visse detaljer overdrevet for å fremheve spesielle synspunkter på oppfinnelsen. certain details exaggerated to emphasize particular views of the invention.
De tre figurene viser i tverrsnitt en liten del av veggen til en tank eller et kar med rund eller firkantet form. En indre kledning i form av en titanplate er betegnet med 2 og karets ytre mantel med 4. Den ytre mantel består av ulegert eller rustfritt materiale. The three figures show in cross-section a small part of the wall of a tank or vessel with a round or square shape. An inner lining in the form of a titanium plate is denoted by 2 and the vessel's outer shell by 4. The outer shell consists of unalloyed or stainless material.
Kledningen 2 skal festes til mantelen 4 ved hjelp av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen. The cladding 2 is to be attached to the mantle 4 using the method according to the invention.
I dette øyemed bores først et antall gjennomgående hull gjennom titanplanet 2 og kledningsplaten 4. Ett av disse hull er vist i figurene og er der betegnet med 6. I hullet innstikkes fra utsiden et stiftformet festeelement med et hode 8 og et skaft 10, slik at hodet anbringes mot platen 4. Skaftet 10 har i enden en sentral forsenkning 12 som etterlater et kantparti 14. Festeelementet er av samme materiale som kledningsplaten 2 eller et materiale som er lett sveisbart til dette materiale. For this purpose, first a number of through holes are drilled through the titanium plane 2 and the cladding plate 4. One of these holes is shown in the figures and is there denoted by 6. A pin-shaped fastening element with a head 8 and a shaft 10 is inserted into the hole from the outside, so that the head is placed against the plate 4. The shaft 10 has a central recess 12 at the end which leaves an edge portion 14. The fastening element is made of the same material as the cladding plate 2 or a material which can be easily welded to this material.
Ved hjelp av en ved 16 antydet dor avbøyes fordypningens With the aid of a mandrel indicated at 16, the recess is deflected
12 kantparti 14 utad slik at den bringes til anlegg mot kanten av kledningsplaten 2 og platene 2 og 4 derved trekkes mot hverandre rundt hullet 6 mellom hodet 8 og det således avbøyde kantparti 14. Praktiske forsøk har vist at en avbøyning utad på ca. 45° av skaftets endeparti er tilstrekkelig, som antydet i fig. 2. 12 edge part 14 outwards so that it is brought into contact with the edge of the cladding plate 2 and the plates 2 and 4 are thereby pulled towards each other around the hole 6 between the head 8 and the thus deflected edge part 14. Practical tests have shown that a deflection outwards of approx. 45° of the end part of the shaft is sufficient, as indicated in fig. 2.
Sveising, TIG-sveising i det tenkte utføringseksempel, påbegynnes nå ved først å nedsmelte det avbøyde kantparti 14. Deretter fullføres sveisen uten hjelp av sveisetråd, slik at Welding, TIG welding in the imagined design example, is now started by first melting down the deflected edge portion 14. The welding is then completed without the aid of welding wire, so that
det oppnås en sveis 18 med utseende som antydet i fig. 3. I unntakstilfelle kan tilsetning av materiale med sveisetråd være nødvendig. Skaftets 10 ende og sveisens utvendige overflate bringes således vesentlig i plan med kledningsplatens 2 innside. a weld 18 is obtained with an appearance as indicated in fig. 3. In exceptional cases, the addition of material with welding wire may be necessary. The end of the shaft 10 and the outer surface of the weld are thus brought substantially flush with the inside of the cladding plate 2.
Som eksempel på hensiktsmessige dimensjoner ved festeelementet kan nevnes. Examples of suitable dimensions for the fastening element can be mentioned.
Utstikkende lengde av skaftet utenfor kledningsplaten 2 kledningsplatens 2 tykkelse. Protruding length of the shaft outside the cladding plate 2 the cladding plate 2 thickness.
Dybde av forsenkningen 12 - kledningsplatens 2 tykkelse. Hodets 8 høyde - kledningsplatens 2 tykkelse + 1 mm. Depth of the recess 12 - the thickness of the cladding board 2. Head 8 height - cladding plate 2 thickness + 1 mm.
Hodets 8 diameter - skaftets 10 tykkelse + 5 mm. Head 8 diameter - shaft 10 thickness + 5 mm.
Generelt blir stiftlengden tilpasset og den utstikkende stiftende utformet slik at denne inneholder riktig mengde materiale for å kunne tjene som tilsatsmateriale ved TIG-sveisingen. In general, the pin length is adapted and the protruding pin end is designed so that it contains the right amount of material to be able to serve as additive material in the TIG welding.
Den beskrevne fremgangsmåte og den ved denne anvendte festenagle medfører følgende fordeler. The described method and the fastener used in this case have the following advantages.
På grunn av at platene 2 og 4 presses mot hverandre rundt hullet 6 i det i figur 2 viste arbeidstrinn, minskes faren for oksygentilførsel mellom platene til sveiseroten som i fig. 3 er betegnet med 20, hvorved sveisekvaliteten'rundt stiften blir bedre. Den varme som kreves for smelting av det forholdsvis tynne avbøyde kantparti 14 på skaftet 10 er tilstrekkelig liten til at der foreligger noen fare for gjennomsmelting av kledningsplaten 2 på grunn av for høy varme. I virkeligheten kan derfor meget tynn kledningsplate anvendes uten at der oppstår noen slik fare. Ved at sveisingen ikke behøver å påbegynnes og gjennomføres før etter at alle stifter er brakt på plass og avbøyd i enden, forenkles monteringsarbeidet. Sveisingen kan også utføres av uøvete sveisere ettersom det normalt ikke kreves noen sveisetråd. Due to the fact that the plates 2 and 4 are pressed against each other around the hole 6 in the working step shown in figure 2, the risk of oxygen supply between the plates to the weld root is reduced as in fig. 3 is denoted by 20, whereby the welding quality around the pin improves. The heat required to melt the relatively thin deflected edge portion 14 on the shaft 10 is sufficiently small that there is some danger of the cladding plate 2 melting through due to excessive heat. In reality, therefore, very thin cladding panels can be used without any such danger arising. As the welding does not have to be started and carried out until after all pins have been brought into place and deflected at the end, the assembly work is simplified. The welding can also be carried out by untrained welders as normally no welding wire is required.
Sammenliknet med den ovenfor innledningsvis beskrevne tidligere metoden oppnås dessuten de ytterligere fordeler ved at gjengingen av festeelementene og hullene bortfaller, sveisekvaliteten rundt festeelementet blir bedre, og sveisetiden blir kortere. Compared to the earlier method described above, further advantages are also achieved in that the threading of the fastening elements and the holes are omitted, the welding quality around the fastening element improves, and the welding time is shortened.
Metoden ifølge oppfinnelsen er på ingen måte begrenset til innkledning av nye tanker og kar. Den kan med fordel anvendes også ved innkledning av eldre kar der yttermantelens tytkkelse kan ha minsket på grunn av korrosjon, ettersom jo en fremgangsmåte av den art som er anskueliggjort i forbindelse med fig. 1 - 3, ikke forutsetter et hull med bunn i den ytre mantel, slik som ved den tidligere fremgangsmåte. The method according to the invention is in no way limited to lining new tanks and vessels. It can also be advantageously used when lining older vessels where the thickness of the outer mantle may have decreased due to corrosion, since a method of the kind illustrated in connection with fig. 1 - 3, does not require a hole with a bottom in the outer casing, as in the previous method.
Et annet anvendelsesområde er skjøting ved valseverk når man skal gå over fra å valse plate av et materiale til å valse plate av et annet materiale. Til dette har man hittil benyttet sprengesveising av skjøten. Det har da vist seg at de store påkjenningene i valseverket medfører stor fare for at spreng-sveisen slipper. Anvendelse av sammenføyningsmetoden ifølge oppfinnelsen har vist seg å eliminere faren for at platene frigjøres fra hverandre. Another area of application is splicing at rolling mills when you have to switch from rolling a plate of one material to rolling a plate of another material. For this, explosion welding of the joint has been used up to now. It has then been shown that the great stresses in the rolling mill entail a great danger of the burst weld escaping. Application of the joining method according to the invention has been shown to eliminate the danger of the plates being released from each other.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8205367A SE434228B (en) | 1982-09-20 | 1982-09-20 | SET TO ATTACH A FIRST PLATE TO ANOTHER PLATE, AND PARTS FOR THE EXECUTIVE OF THE SET |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO833368L NO833368L (en) | 1984-03-21 |
NO159840B true NO159840B (en) | 1988-11-07 |
NO159840C NO159840C (en) | 1989-02-15 |
Family
ID=20347921
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO833368A NO159840C (en) | 1982-09-20 | 1983-09-19 | PROCEDURE FOR CONFIRMING A FIRST PLATE SECOND PLATE. |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3332217A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI80132C (en) |
GB (1) | GB2127729B (en) |
NO (1) | NO159840C (en) |
SE (1) | SE434228B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3420088A1 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-05 | Schmelzbasaltwerk Kalenborn - Dr.-Ing. Mauritz KG, 5461 Kalenborn | Method and device for mounting wear-cladding panels on a supporting structure |
FR2779785B1 (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 2001-06-15 | Allibert Ind | METHOD OF FIXING A COATING ON A SHEET OR PLASTIC SUPPORT AND ASSEMBLY OBTAINED |
DE19935633A1 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2001-02-01 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Fixing disc-shaped contact piece onto cylindrical bearer especially for vacuum chamber, involves manufacturing contact piece, e.g. by stamping, placing it on bearer, and welding it to bearer with pulse welding technique |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB817662A (en) * | 1957-01-07 | 1959-08-06 | Sheet Metal Technicians Ltd | Improvements in or relating to tins or like containers |
GB158549A (en) * | 1920-01-23 | 1921-07-28 | Fried Krupp Germaniawerft Ag | Method of joining metal articles |
GB277267A (en) * | 1927-06-07 | 1927-09-15 | Alexander Tertius Harvey | Improvements relating to the manufacture of metallic railway sleepers and chairs |
DE671972C (en) * | 1935-03-04 | 1939-02-17 | Stacey Bros Gas Construction C | Process for the production and walling of waterless gas containers by welding |
GB773771A (en) * | 1946-03-01 | 1957-05-01 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to the metal sheathing of solid bodies |
GB964117A (en) * | 1962-03-21 | 1964-07-15 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to the securing together of at least two members |
US3526746A (en) * | 1966-10-06 | 1970-09-01 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Gas-shielded arc-riveting tool |
-
1982
- 1982-09-20 SE SE8205367A patent/SE434228B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-09-07 FI FI833201A patent/FI80132C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-09-07 DE DE3332217A patent/DE3332217A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-09-19 GB GB08324997A patent/GB2127729B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-09-19 NO NO833368A patent/NO159840C/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE8205367D0 (en) | 1982-09-20 |
NO159840C (en) | 1989-02-15 |
GB2127729B (en) | 1986-08-13 |
NO833368L (en) | 1984-03-21 |
GB2127729A (en) | 1984-04-18 |
FI833201A0 (en) | 1983-09-07 |
DE3332217A1 (en) | 1984-05-10 |
SE434228B (en) | 1984-07-16 |
FI80132C (en) | 1990-04-10 |
FI80132B (en) | 1989-12-29 |
FI833201A (en) | 1984-03-21 |
GB8324997D0 (en) | 1983-10-19 |
SE8205367L (en) | 1984-03-21 |
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