GB1346369A - Electrodes - Google Patents

Electrodes

Info

Publication number
GB1346369A
GB1346369A GB5031571A GB5031571A GB1346369A GB 1346369 A GB1346369 A GB 1346369A GB 5031571 A GB5031571 A GB 5031571A GB 5031571 A GB5031571 A GB 5031571A GB 1346369 A GB1346369 A GB 1346369A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
oxides
mixed
spinel
ate
oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB5031571A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PPG Industries Inc
Original Assignee
PPG Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PPG Industries Inc filed Critical PPG Industries Inc
Publication of GB1346369A publication Critical patent/GB1346369A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
    • C25B11/077—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
    • C25B11/0771—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide of the spinel type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
    • C25B11/077—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
    • C25B11/0773—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide of the perovskite type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
    • C25B11/093—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide

Abstract

1346369 Coated products P P G INDUSTRIES Inc 29 Oct 1971 [2 Nov 1970 8 March 1971] 50315/71 Heading B2E '[Also in Division C7] An anode, for electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal chloride in mercury, diaphragm or chlorate cells, or in Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn electrodeposition, organic electrolytic oxidation or cathodic protection, comprises an electroconductive substrate, e.g. of valve metal (Ti, Ta, W, Hf, Zr, Al, Nb or alloy thereof) or graphite, an electroconductive surface comprising a spinel, and an intermediate layer comprising a specific oxycompound of Ru, Rh or Pd between the substrate and surface. Many examples of bimetal spinels of Mg, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Rh, Zn, Al, Ga and In are specified, 60 aluminate being preferred. The one-metal spinels Fe 3 O 4 , Cr 3 O 4 , Mn 3 O 4 or Co 3 O 4 may also be used. The spinel may contain after oxides, sulphides, fluorides (or even metals) and be mixed with an inorganic binder such as boride, carbide, nitride, oxide, or sulphide, of Ti, Ta, Nb, Al, Bi, W, Mo, Zr, Hf, V, Cr, or Si, e.g. TiO 2 ; it may be applied as a slurry with a decomposable binder compound such as oxalate, carbonate, hydroxide or resinate. e.g. of Ti, preferably dispensed in a fluxing agent e.g. glass frit comprised of mixed oxides and silicates of Pb, K, Zn, B, Ca, Al, Ba, Bi, Sn, Se, and Te, and heated. The spinel is preferably formed prior to being applied by oxidation of the mixed metals or coprecipitation from solutions of compounds of the metals, e.g. nitrates, oxalates or carbonates, followed by thermal decomposition to the oxides. The specific oxycompound is chosen from an oxide of Ru, Rh or Pd, or an alkaline or rare earth metal (including Be, Mg, Ce), ruthenite/ate, rhodite/ate or palladite/ate. Mixed Pt group metal oxides (with Pt, Ir, Os), and Ru, Rh, Pd oxide(s) - Pt, Ir, Os mixtures may be used.
GB5031571A 1970-11-02 1971-10-29 Electrodes Expired GB1346369A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8606270A 1970-11-02 1970-11-02
US12168371A 1971-03-08 1971-03-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1346369A true GB1346369A (en) 1974-02-06

Family

ID=26774332

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB5031571A Expired GB1346369A (en) 1970-11-02 1971-10-29 Electrodes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3711397A (en)
CA (1) CA994281A (en)
DE (1) DE2210043A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2112388B2 (en)
GB (1) GB1346369A (en)
IT (1) IT942763B (en)
NL (1) NL7114842A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4585540A (en) * 1984-09-13 1986-04-29 Eltech Systems Corporation Composite catalytic material particularly for electrolysis electrodes and method of manufacture
CN109891002A (en) * 2016-11-22 2019-06-14 旭化成株式会社 Electrode for electrolysis
US11427483B2 (en) 2016-06-29 2022-08-30 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Electrode

Families Citing this family (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924025A (en) * 1972-02-02 1975-12-02 Electronor Corp Method of making an electrode having a coating of cobalt metatitanate thereon
DE2255690C3 (en) * 1972-11-14 1985-01-31 Conradty GmbH & Co Metallelektroden KG, 8505 Röthenbach Anode for electrochemical processes
DE2312563A1 (en) * 1973-03-14 1974-10-03 Conradty Fa C METALLANODE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES
US3917518A (en) * 1973-04-19 1975-11-04 Diamond Shamrock Corp Hypochlorite production
US3855084A (en) * 1973-07-18 1974-12-17 N Feige Method of producing a coated anode
US4039401A (en) * 1973-10-05 1977-08-02 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Aluminum production method with electrodes for aluminum reduction cells
DE2354477A1 (en) * 1973-10-31 1975-05-15 Conradty Fa C METAL ELECTRODE WITH TOP LAYER FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL PURPOSES
US3977958A (en) * 1973-12-17 1976-08-31 The Dow Chemical Company Insoluble electrode for electrolysis
US3969217A (en) * 1974-10-07 1976-07-13 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Electrolytic anode
US4173518A (en) * 1974-10-23 1979-11-06 Sumitomo Aluminum Smelting Company, Limited Electrodes for aluminum reduction cells
JPS5541815Y2 (en) * 1975-02-18 1980-09-30
US4127510A (en) * 1975-10-31 1978-11-28 Johnson, Matthey & Co., Limited Catalyst for the purification of an exhaust gas
US3990957A (en) * 1975-11-17 1976-11-09 Ppg Industries, Inc. Method of electrolysis
US4142005A (en) * 1976-02-27 1979-02-27 The Dow Chemical Company Process for preparing an electrode for electrolytic cell having a coating of a single metal spinel, Co3 O4
US4076611A (en) * 1976-04-19 1978-02-28 Olin Corporation Electrode with lanthanum-containing perovskite surface
CA1155085A (en) * 1978-04-14 1983-10-11 Sameer M. Jasem Electrochemical gas separation including catalytic regeneration
FR2434213A1 (en) * 1978-08-24 1980-03-21 Solvay PROCESS FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN IN AN ALKALINE MEDIUM
US4201760A (en) * 1979-02-02 1980-05-06 General Electric Company Molten salt synthesis of lithium meta-aluminate powder
DE3024611A1 (en) * 1980-06-28 1982-01-28 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen NON-METAL ELECTRODE
CA1181616A (en) * 1980-11-10 1985-01-29 Aluminum Company Of America Inert electrode compositions
CA1186282A (en) * 1981-03-25 1985-04-30 Donald L. Caldwell Substituted cobalt oxide spinels, electrodes for oxygen manufacture, and substituted cobalt oxide spinels
USH544H (en) 1982-05-21 1988-11-01 The Dow Chemical Company Impressed current cathodic protection system employing cobalt spinel structured anode
US4445989A (en) * 1982-08-11 1984-05-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Ceramic anodes for corrosion protection
DE3378918D1 (en) * 1982-10-29 1989-02-16 Ici Plc Electrodes, methods of manufacturing such electrodes and use of such electrodes in electrolytic cells
US4648954A (en) * 1984-01-09 1987-03-10 The Dow Chemical Company Magnesium aluminum spinel in light metal reduction cells
US5004626A (en) * 1986-10-27 1991-04-02 Huron Technologies, Inc. Anodes and method of making
JP2981091B2 (en) * 1992-09-04 1999-11-22 エイ・ティ・アンド・ティ・コーポレーション Isotropic conductive device
JP3947575B2 (en) * 1994-06-10 2007-07-25 Ｈｏｙａ株式会社 Conductive oxide and electrode using the same
US7247229B2 (en) * 1999-06-28 2007-07-24 Eltech Systems Corporation Coatings for the inhibition of undesirable oxidation in an electrochemical cell
US6935917B1 (en) * 1999-07-16 2005-08-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Discharge surface treating electrode and production method thereof
JP2003222391A (en) * 2002-01-29 2003-08-08 Daikin Ind Ltd Heat pump type water heater
US7033469B2 (en) * 2002-11-08 2006-04-25 Alcoa Inc. Stable inert anodes including an oxide of nickel, iron and aluminum
US7235161B2 (en) * 2003-11-19 2007-06-26 Alcoa Inc. Stable anodes including iron oxide and use of such anodes in metal production cells
JP2007046129A (en) * 2005-08-11 2007-02-22 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Electrode for electrolysis, and method for producing electrode for electrolysis
US8029702B2 (en) * 2008-02-01 2011-10-04 The Boeing Company Low solar absorptance, high emissivity, inorganic electrostatic dissipative thermal control coating
US8038910B2 (en) * 2008-05-07 2011-10-18 The Boeing Company Low solar absorptance, high emissivity, inorganic electrostatic dissipative thermal control coating
US20110162707A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2011-07-07 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Electrical contact with anti tarnish oxide coating
US7888283B2 (en) * 2008-12-12 2011-02-15 Lihong Huang Iron promoted nickel based catalysts for hydrogen generation via auto-thermal reforming of ethanol
TWI433964B (en) 2010-10-08 2014-04-11 Water Star Inc Multi-layer mixed metal oxide electrode and method for making same
CN109478653A (en) * 2016-07-08 2019-03-15 南加利福尼亚大学 Cheap and steady analysis oxygen electrode
US11668017B2 (en) 2018-07-30 2023-06-06 Water Star, Inc. Current reversal tolerant multilayer material, method of making the same, use as an electrode, and use in electrochemical processes

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3038817A (en) * 1958-08-13 1962-06-12 Crucible Steel Co America Self-healing coatings for refractory metals and method for applying the same
US3103484A (en) * 1959-10-10 1963-09-10 Anodes for electrolytic chlorine
US3113846A (en) * 1962-05-31 1963-12-10 Gen Electric Titanium ceramic composite bodies
NL128866C (en) * 1965-05-12
GB1164434A (en) * 1966-02-24 1969-09-17 Foseco Int Compositions for the Protection of Metal Surfaces at Elevated Temperatures
GB1174451A (en) * 1966-02-24 1969-12-17 Foseco Int Protection of Electrodes in Electroslag Remelting Processes.
US3616446A (en) * 1969-03-28 1971-10-26 Ppg Industries Inc Method of coating an electrode

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4585540A (en) * 1984-09-13 1986-04-29 Eltech Systems Corporation Composite catalytic material particularly for electrolysis electrodes and method of manufacture
US11427483B2 (en) 2016-06-29 2022-08-30 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Electrode
CN109891002A (en) * 2016-11-22 2019-06-14 旭化成株式会社 Electrode for electrolysis
CN109891002B (en) * 2016-11-22 2021-03-12 旭化成株式会社 Electrode for electrolysis

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7114842A (en) 1972-05-04
IT942763B (en) 1973-04-02
FR2112388B2 (en) 1976-03-26
CA994281A (en) 1976-08-03
US3711397A (en) 1973-01-16
DE2210043A1 (en) 1972-09-14
FR2112388A2 (en) 1972-06-16

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed
732 Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977)
732 Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977)
PE20 Patent expired after termination of 20 years