GB1391625A - Electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal chloride solution - Google Patents
Electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal chloride solutionInfo
- Publication number
- GB1391625A GB1391625A GB1055972A GB1055972A GB1391625A GB 1391625 A GB1391625 A GB 1391625A GB 1055972 A GB1055972 A GB 1055972A GB 1055972 A GB1055972 A GB 1055972A GB 1391625 A GB1391625 A GB 1391625A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- bronze
- perovskite
- substrate
- oxide
- electrolysis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
- C25B11/077—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
- C25B11/0771—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide of the spinel type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
- C25B11/077—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
- C25B11/0773—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide of the perovskite type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
- C25B11/093—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
1391625 Anode metal chloride electrolysis PPG INDUSTRIES Inc 7 March 1972 [8 March 1971] 10559/72 Heading C1A [Also in Division C7] An anode, used in the electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal chloride solution, comprises an electroconductive perovskite "bronze" oxide selected from the tantalates, tungstates, molybdates, niobates, titanates, vanadates, iron (III) compounds and chromium III compounds. The term "bronze" signifies a non- stoichiometric compound. The perovskite bronze oxide may have the formula C x DO y where DO y represents any of the groups mentioned above, C represents Na, K, Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, Be, Cu, Ag, Au, Ge, Sn, Pb, Tl, or any of the lanthanides, x is between 0À00 and 1À00 and y is from 2À25 to 3À00. Mixed perovskite bronze oxides may also be used such as Sr x8 La x2 WO 3 where x 1 + x 2 totals between 0À00 and 1À00. The perovskite bronze may be disposed on an electroconductive substrate such as Ti, Ta, W, Hf, Zr, Al, Nb, C, graphite, titanium hydride or steel clad with Ti. The substrate may be an imperforate plate of a foraminous mesh. The perovskite bronze may include an inorganic binder to make it adhere to the substrate. Suitable binders are a glass frit; an oxide, sulphide, nitride, boride or carbide of Ti, Ta, Nb, Al, Bi, W, Zr, Hf, V, Cr or Si. There may be an intermediate layer between the substrate and the perovskite bronze which is more reistant to oxidation and more electroconductive than the substrate. The inter-layer may be selected from Pt group metals, their oxides and sulphides; mixtures of Pt group metals and their oxides; an alloy of the metal used in fabricating the substrate with a Pt group metal; alloys of Pt, Ir or Os with Cr, Ni or Co; Pt group metals mixed with oxides of Ti, Si, W, Cr, Ni, Co, or V; calcium ruthenate; Ti hydride or Zr hydride; metallic Ni, Co or Cr. In the examples, the perovskite bronzes are applied to an etched Ti substrate with an inter-layer (except for Example II) of a Pt group metal or an oxide thereof. In Examples I, II and IV to VII the perovskite bronze is La x WO 3 where x is from 0À05 to 0À20. This is prepared by heating ground lanthanum oxide, WO 3 and metallic W in an evacuated sealed silica capsule to 1050‹ C. for 120 hours. The product is formed into a slurry with toluene and Ti resinate, brushed on to platinised Ti and heated. In Example III, SrNb perovskite bronze is prepared by grinding a mixture of strontium oxide, NbO 2 and Nb 2 O 5 , compressing the resulting powders into pellets, sealing them in an evacuated silica capsule and heating to 1200‹ C. for 48 hours. The product is formed into a slurry with toluene and Ti resinate brushed on to platinized Ti and heated. In Examples I, III and IV the inter-layer is prepared by heating Pt resinate. The interlayer is prepared by electrolysis in the following examples as indicated: V, deposition of Pd from an aqueous solution of PdCl 2 , NH 4 Cl and HCl with subsequent heating in air to form Pd oxide; VI, deposition of Pd from an aqueous solution of PdCl 2 and KOH with subsequent oxidizing of the Pd; and VII; deposition of Ru from an aqueous solution of ruthenium nitroso chloride and H 2 SO 4 . In each example, NaCl solution is electrolysed to produce NaOH, in a cell having an iron screen cathode with a diaphragm thereon. Electrolysis of brine using a mercury cell is referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12168370A | 1970-11-02 | 1970-11-02 | |
US12169371A | 1971-03-08 | 1971-03-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1391625A true GB1391625A (en) | 1975-04-23 |
Family
ID=26819713
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1055972A Expired GB1391625A (en) | 1970-11-02 | 1972-03-07 | Electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal chloride solution |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CA (1) | CA967508A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2210065C2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2128667B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1391625A (en) |
NL (1) | NL172767C (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4115239A (en) * | 1976-11-04 | 1978-09-19 | Rhone-Poulenc Industries | Coated anode |
GB2231338A (en) * | 1989-05-10 | 1990-11-14 | Berk Ltd | Electrolytic conversion of bromide to bromate |
EP1783107A1 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-09 | L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Process for the preparation of a ceramic/metal seal resistant to high temperature, composition comprising glass and ceramic and piece comprising a metal-ceramic junction |
US7435896B2 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2008-10-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Thermoelectric conversion material, thermoelectric conversion element using the material, cooling device and electric apparatus using the element, and electric power generation method and cooling method using the element |
WO2014165912A1 (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-16 | Murdoch University | Coated composite anodes |
CN114351179A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏友诺环保科技有限公司 | Iridium tantalum manganese coating titanium anode plate with intermediate layer and preparation method thereof |
IT202100011936A1 (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2022-11-10 | Industrie De Nora Spa | ELECTRODE FOR GAS EVOLUTION IN ELECTROLYTIC PROCESSES |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NO138809C (en) * | 1973-07-20 | 1978-11-15 | Rhone Progil | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING AN ELECTRODE FOR ELECTROLYSIS CELLS |
DE2638218C2 (en) * | 1976-08-25 | 1978-10-26 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Process for the manufacture of electrodes |
DE2735934C3 (en) * | 1977-08-10 | 1980-07-31 | Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen | Connection material for the electrical series connection of electrochemical cells |
DE2944814A1 (en) * | 1979-11-06 | 1981-05-14 | Vladimir Borisovič Busse-Mačukas | Electrode for electrochemical process - with metal support pasted with mixt. of same metal oxide, silica and platinum gp. metal oxide |
DE3112739A1 (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1982-10-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Electrode of stable structure for solid-state electrolytes for electrochemical applications, and use of such an electrode in electrochemical sensors for determining the oxygen content in gases |
US5045170A (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1991-09-03 | Globe-Union, Inc. | Electrodies containing a conductive metal oxide |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL128866C (en) * | 1965-05-12 | |||
GB1164477A (en) * | 1965-12-28 | 1969-09-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrochemical Electrode |
GB1246447A (en) * | 1967-09-26 | 1971-09-15 | Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of oxide-coated electrodes for use in electrolytic processes |
US3486940A (en) * | 1968-07-30 | 1969-12-30 | Samuel Ruben | Storage battery having a positive electrode comprising a supporting base of titanium nitride having a surface film of non-polarizing material |
DE1813944B2 (en) * | 1968-12-11 | 1975-03-06 | Fa. C. Conradty, 8500 Nuernberg | Anode for electrochemical processes |
US3616446A (en) * | 1969-03-28 | 1971-10-26 | Ppg Industries Inc | Method of coating an electrode |
GB1327760A (en) * | 1969-12-22 | 1973-08-22 | Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd | Electrodes |
DE1964999A1 (en) * | 1969-12-24 | 1971-07-01 | Bayer Ag | Enamel-magnetite-coated titanium anode - for alkali chloride electrolysis |
-
1972
- 1972-02-17 CA CA134,920A patent/CA967508A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-03-02 DE DE2210065A patent/DE2210065C2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-03-02 NL NLAANVRAGE7202799,A patent/NL172767C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-03-06 FR FR7207722A patent/FR2128667B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-03-07 GB GB1055972A patent/GB1391625A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4115239A (en) * | 1976-11-04 | 1978-09-19 | Rhone-Poulenc Industries | Coated anode |
GB2231338A (en) * | 1989-05-10 | 1990-11-14 | Berk Ltd | Electrolytic conversion of bromide to bromate |
US7435896B2 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2008-10-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Thermoelectric conversion material, thermoelectric conversion element using the material, cooling device and electric apparatus using the element, and electric power generation method and cooling method using the element |
EP1783107A1 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-09 | L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Process for the preparation of a ceramic/metal seal resistant to high temperature, composition comprising glass and ceramic and piece comprising a metal-ceramic junction |
WO2007054462A2 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-18 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for producing a high temperature ceramic/metal seal - architecture-microstructure of the composition employed |
WO2007054462A3 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2008-01-10 | Air Liquide | Process for producing a high temperature ceramic/metal seal - architecture-microstructure of the composition employed |
WO2014165912A1 (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-16 | Murdoch University | Coated composite anodes |
IT202100011936A1 (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2022-11-10 | Industrie De Nora Spa | ELECTRODE FOR GAS EVOLUTION IN ELECTROLYTIC PROCESSES |
WO2022238370A1 (en) | 2021-05-10 | 2022-11-17 | Industrie De Nora S.P.A. | Electrode for gas evolution in electrolytic processes |
CN114351179A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏友诺环保科技有限公司 | Iridium tantalum manganese coating titanium anode plate with intermediate layer and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL7202799A (en) | 1972-09-12 |
FR2128667B1 (en) | 1976-06-11 |
CA967508A (en) | 1975-05-13 |
DE2210065A1 (en) | 1972-10-26 |
NL172767C (en) | 1983-05-16 |
NL172767B (en) | 1983-05-16 |
DE2210065C2 (en) | 1986-10-02 |
FR2128667A1 (en) | 1972-10-20 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PS | Patent sealed | ||
732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |