GB1089534A - The carbonization of animal fibre materials - Google Patents

The carbonization of animal fibre materials

Info

Publication number
GB1089534A
GB1089534A GB47433/64A GB4743364A GB1089534A GB 1089534 A GB1089534 A GB 1089534A GB 47433/64 A GB47433/64 A GB 47433/64A GB 4743364 A GB4743364 A GB 4743364A GB 1089534 A GB1089534 A GB 1089534A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
hour
fibre
air
stage
carbonization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB47433/64A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Plania Werke AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Plania Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Plania Werke AG filed Critical Siemens Plania Werke AG
Publication of GB1089534A publication Critical patent/GB1089534A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
    • C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
    • C04B35/83—Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/18—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from proteins, e.g. from wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor
    • D01F9/326—Apparatus therefor for manufacturing filaments from proteins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/04—Arrangements using dry fillers, e.g. using slag wool which is added to the object to be insulated by pouring, spreading, spraying or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/48—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials
    • H01B3/485—Other fibrous materials fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/19—Inorganic fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Animal fibre, e.g. wool, is carbonized by heating gradually up to 1000 DEG C. in the presence of formaldehyde, NH3, or CO2, or mixtures thereof, which may be formed in situ, e.g. from ammonium compounds, whereby the flexibility and structure of the fibre is preserved. The heating may be effected in 3 stages: (a) up to 200 DEG C. or 240 DEG C. at 5-50 DEG C/hour in a current of air; (b) to 300 DEG C. at 1-10 DEG C/hour in a reduced current of air; and (c) to 1000 DEG C. at 10-100 DEG C/hour in the absence of air, e.g. to 600 DEG C. at 4 DEG C/hour, to 900 DEG C. at 10 DEG C/hour and to 1000 DEG C. at 20 DEG C/hour. In examples: (i) (NH4)2CO3 was added at intervals during stage (b), generating NH3 and CO2 at a p.p. of 5-760 mm. Hg; (ii) the fibre was soaked in a solution of formaldehyde and Na bisulphite or hydrosulphite, and dried before stage (a); (iii) NH3 gas was introduced during stage (b) at a p.p. of 50-200 mm. Hg. Stage (c) may be effected in a shaft furnace in which the fibre is packed in carbon powder in a graphite casing. The product may be graphitized at temperatures not above 3000 DEG C., e.g. 2700 DEG C.
GB47433/64A 1963-11-21 1964-11-20 The carbonization of animal fibre materials Expired GB1089534A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES88377A DE1255629B (en) 1963-11-21 1963-11-21 Process for the production of fiber material from carbon or graphite

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1089534A true GB1089534A (en) 1967-11-01

Family

ID=7514414

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB47433/64A Expired GB1089534A (en) 1963-11-21 1964-11-20 The carbonization of animal fibre materials

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3297405A (en)
BE (1) BE656133A (en)
CH (1) CH469643A (en)
DE (1) DE1255629B (en)
GB (1) GB1089534A (en)
SE (1) SE308908B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003008084A1 (en) * 2001-07-17 2003-01-30 Vandenbiesen Russell P Method for making synthetic gems comprising elements recovered from complete or partial human or animal remains and the product thereof
US8608867B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2013-12-17 Markus Spühler Individualized jewelery alloys and method for their production
CN109913980A (en) * 2019-02-25 2019-06-21 南开大学 A kind of Heteroatom doping flexibility carbon fiber and its preparation method and application

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1261589B (en) * 1966-05-17 1968-02-22 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh Commutator brushes made of charcoal or electrographite and process for their manufacture
GB1256072A (en) * 1968-02-02 1971-12-08 Morganite Res & Dev Ltd Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of filamentary carbon materials
US3639140A (en) * 1968-10-12 1972-02-01 Nitto Boseki Co Ltd Process for carbonized cellulose fiber or the products thereof
US3661616A (en) * 1968-11-06 1972-05-09 Notto Boseki Co Ltd Process for carbonizing cellulose fiber or the products thereof
IL36371A (en) * 1970-03-17 1975-06-25 Chiarotto N Flameproof composite yarns
US3716332A (en) * 1970-07-27 1973-02-13 Ducommun Inc Carbonization of wool
ES2258921B2 (en) * 2005-02-21 2007-04-01 Instituto De Monocristales, S.L. SYNTHETIC DIAMOND OF DIFFERENT CUSTOM COLORS FROM HUMAN OR ANIMAL KERATIN (LIVE OR DEAD). PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING.
DE102011115461A1 (en) * 2011-10-10 2013-04-11 TÜV SÜD Aktiengesellschaft Pipe line for pipeline system, has insulating material provided at periphery, where insulating material comprises conductive medium degrading resistance of insulating material
DE102013101168B4 (en) * 2013-02-06 2017-01-26 Fachhochschule Schmalkalden Fiber and process for its production

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20028C (en) * KREUSCH & EMONDS in Dolhain bei Verviers, Belgien Processes and devices for charring plant matter in wool, waste, rags and the like
US3125404A (en) * 1964-03-17 Tensile strength
US1895263A (en) * 1928-12-29 1933-01-24 Firm M Rudolf Jahr Method for carbonizing woolen fabrics
US2799912A (en) * 1950-12-18 1957-07-23 Greger Herbert Hans Processes for forming high temperature ceramic articles
US3011981A (en) * 1958-04-21 1961-12-05 Soltes William Timot Electrically conducting fibrous carbon
BE584830A (en) * 1958-11-21
FR1242700A (en) * 1958-12-18 1960-09-30 Union Carbide Corp Fibrous graphite
GB942186A (en) * 1959-07-02 1963-11-20 Secr Aviation Fibrous carbon articles
US3235323A (en) * 1960-04-14 1966-02-15 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Heat-resistant black fibers and fabrics derived from rayon
US3174895A (en) * 1960-09-07 1965-03-23 Union Carbide Corp Graphite cloth laminates
US3107152A (en) * 1960-09-12 1963-10-15 Union Carbide Corp Fibrous graphite
US3116975A (en) * 1961-02-08 1964-01-07 Union Carbide Corp Artificial graphite process
US3179605A (en) * 1962-10-12 1965-04-20 Haveg Industries Inc Manufacture of carbon cloth

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003008084A1 (en) * 2001-07-17 2003-01-30 Vandenbiesen Russell P Method for making synthetic gems comprising elements recovered from complete or partial human or animal remains and the product thereof
US8608867B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2013-12-17 Markus Spühler Individualized jewelery alloys and method for their production
CN109913980A (en) * 2019-02-25 2019-06-21 南开大学 A kind of Heteroatom doping flexibility carbon fiber and its preparation method and application

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH469643A (en) 1969-03-15
DE1255629B (en) 1967-12-07
US3297405A (en) 1967-01-10
SE308908B (en) 1969-03-03
BE656133A (en) 1965-05-24

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