FR3047501A1 - INSULATED CONSTRUCTION BLOCK BETWEEN PLANELS WITH STRUCTURE FOR MAINTAINING PLANS. - Google Patents

Abstract

Block (1) for the wall construction (2) having external dimensions such that it can extend completely within a volume volume (V) of parallelepiped length (Lv) 600 mm, of height (Hv) 350 mm and thickness (Ev) 350 mm, the block (1) comprising at least first and second outer walls (3, 4) having respective thermal conductivities (λ1, λ2) greater than or equal to 0.12 W * m -1 * K -1 and at least one layer of thermally insulating material (5) placed between these first and second walls (3, 4), this insulating material having a thermal conductivity less than 0.04 W * m -1 * K -1. The block (1) comprises at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a) interconnecting the first and second walls (3, 4) to secure them together, this at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a) being distinct from the layer of insulating material (5) and having a thermal conductivity of less than 0.3 W * m -1 * K -1.

Description

1 / invention relates to the general field of blocks for wall construction and method of manufacturing such a block.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known to make blocks for wall construction. These blocks must have dimensions allowing easy handling on the construction site. For this purpose, the block must be able to extend completely inside a volume of maximum parallelepipedal dimensions of length 600 mm, height 350 mm and thickness 350 mm.

Such a block for the wall construction comprises at least first and second outer walls which have respective thermal conductivities λΐ, λ2 greater than or equal to 0.12 W * m_1 * K_1

This particular thermal conductivity is generally obtained because the block is made of concrete or terracotta, solid wood, chipboard.

This block has internal partitions which connect the first and second walls and inner hollow areas formed between these internal partitions and between the first and second walls.

Patent document GB1524530 illustrates a block insulated by thermal insulation pieces slipped into the internal hollow zones. In general, it is desirable to increase the level of thermal insulation between the first and second walls.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a block for building a wall, having improved conduction thermal resistance characteristics between the first and second walls of the block.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To this end, it is proposed according to the invention, a block for the wall construction having external dimensions such that this block can extend integrally within a volume of maximum parallelepiped space of length 600 mm, height 350 mm and thickness 350 mm, the block comprising at least first and second outer walls having respective thermal conductivities (λ1, λ2) greater than or equal to 0.12 W * m 1 * K 1 and at least one layer of thermally insulating material placed between these first and second walls, this insulating material having a thermal conductivity of less than 0.04 W * m ~ 1 * K ^ 1.

The block according to the invention is essentially characterized in that it further comprises at least one mechanical connecting part interconnecting the first and second walls to secure them to each other, this at least one mechanical connecting piece being distinct from the layer of insulating material and having a thermal conductivity of less than 0.3 W * m_1 * K'1.

The volume of maximum parallelepipedal size defines the maximum dimensional limits that can have the block according to the invention. This volume of space is adapted so that the block can be moved manually without the need for a tool or hoist. This aspect is particularly important in the construction of block walls since the blocks are mounted manually, one by one, rank by row, which involves a lot of manipulation.

With said at least one mechanical connecting piece which has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.3 W * m_1 * K_1, conductive heat transfer via this connecting piece and between the first and second walls is particularly limited.

Thus, the block according to the invention has: improved thermal insulation characteristics; associated with improved mechanical characteristics, better geometric stability of the block when loaded. On the one hand, said at least one connecting piece opposes the separation of the first and second walls from each other and, on the other hand, the layer of thermally insulating material placed between these first and second walls. opposes the approach of these walls to one another.

Thus, in response to a shear force parallel to the walls of the block, the first wall tends to move relative to the second wall while remaining parallel thereto. Said at least one connecting piece is then subjected to a bending force which tends to bring the first and second walls closer to one another. As the layer of insulation is between these first and second walls, it is then compressed between these walls and opposes their approximation.

Thus, when the block according to the invention is subjected to an asymmetrical load generating a shearing force parallel to the walls (such an effort may result from an asymmetrical loading of the wall), it retains, at least up to a certain level. load, its geometric shape. The walls of the block here constitute planelles and the block is said to be isolated between planelles.

According to a preferred embodiment, said at least one mechanical connecting piece passes through the layer of insulating material in which it mechanically takes.

This makes it possible to improve the strength of the block since: on the one hand, the first and second walls are interconnected via said at least one connecting piece; and - on the other hand the insulating layer is in engagement with the same at least one connecting piece which improves the shear strength of the block along a shear plane parallel to the first and second walls.

According to another aspect of the invention, the insulating material which forms the layer of insulating material is a material molded against the first and second walls, the insulating layer being in mechanical engagement against each of these first and second walls.

By molding the insulating layer against these walls and between these walls, the insulating filling is improved between the walls, the insulating layer is thus all the more resistant against the compressive forces of these walls. one to the other. Furthermore, the fact that the layer of insulating material is in engagement with the two walls gives it a function of solidarisâtion walls, the insulation layer opposing any relative displacement between the first and second walls. The block is all the more resistant to deformation.

Ideally, the molded material constituting the insulation layer is an expansive foam poured between the walls for better attachment.

According to another aspect, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a block for the wall construction according to any one of the embodiments of the block according to the invention presented.

This method is essentially characterized in that: - using at least one female mold, said first and second walls are formed by molding; and positioning said at least one mechanical connecting piece so that it is on the one hand assembled with the first wall and secondly assembled with the second wall, so as to maintain them in a position where these walls are spaced apart from each other and parallel to each other; then inserting said insulating material thermally between these first and second walls interconnected via said at least one mechanical connecting piece.

This embodiment makes it possible to industrialize at a lower cost the production of isolated blocks. A mold can indeed be adapted to the simultaneous production of a large number of blocks.

According to a first embodiment of said method according to the invention: to assemble said at least one connecting piece with the first wall, positioning a first portion of this at least one connecting piece inside a first recess of the female mold, then overmolding in this first recess of the female mold and around this first portion, a hardenable material constituting the first wall; and - to assemble said at least one connecting piece with the second wall, positioning a second portion of this at least one connecting piece inside a second recess of the female mold, then overmolding in this second recess of the female mold and around this second portion, a curable material constituting the second wall.

According to this first embodiment, the walls are overmolded around the connecting piece, which facilitates the assembly of the walls but requires positioning, with respect to the female mold, of each at least one connecting piece prior to the pouring of the material of the walls. This embodiment has the advantage of obtaining the good spacing between walls as soon as these walls are molded, this spacing being maintained by the connecting piece.

According to a second alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first and second walls are formed by molding a curable material, the first wall having recesses extending inside the first wall in one direction. extending parallel to an outer face of the first wall, these recesses internal to the first wall open on an outer edge of the first wall. Similarly, the second wall has recesses extending inside this second wall in a direction of extension parallel to an outer face of the second wall, these recesses internal to the second wall open on an outer edge of this second wall. After hardening of the constituent material of the first and second walls: a first portion of said at least one connecting piece is inserted inside at least some of the recesses internal to the first wall to assemble said first portion with the first wall; and - a second portion of said at least one connecting piece is inserted inside at least some of the recesses internal to the second wall to assemble said second portion with said second wall and thus fixedly hold said first and second parallel walls between they are separated from each other.

According to this second embodiment of the method of the invention, the first and second walls are first molded, hardened and then assembled together via at least one connecting piece penetrating into the wall recesses formed by molding. The advantage of this second embodiment is to be able to form a multitude of walls without having to assemble them together during their manufacture.

These walls are thus transportable in packets and can be assembled together, via the connecting pieces, on the place where the thermal insulation layer is formed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description which is given hereinafter, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. type of connecting pieces identical to each other and used to manufacture a block according to the invention; FIG. 1b shows the walls of the block connected to each other by means of the connecting pieces of FIG. 1a, these walls being spaced from one another and parallel to each other to define a space able to receive a layer of 'thermal insulator ; - The figure shows a block according to the invention comprising its layer of insulating material disposed between the walls and secured with these walls and the connecting pieces; - Figure 1d shows a block wall formed several rows superimposed blocks illustrated in Figure 1a; FIG. 2a is a partial view of a cross-section of a block in which a first part of the connecting piece inserted in the first wall is seen to hold it parallel to the second wall, and on the other hand, a groove formed along an upper edge of a wall, this groove being filled with glue flush with the outer edge of the groove; - Figure 2b is a partial sectional view illustrating the assembly in progress of two adjacent walls of two adjacent superimposed blocks to form two rows of blocks; FIG. 3a illustrates another type of connecting piece 6a which comprises a plurality of first portions 61, 61b, 61c, 61d parallel to one another for being inserted into recesses formed in a first block wall and several second portions 62, 62b 62c, 62d parallel to each other to fit into recesses formed in a second wall of the block; - Figure 3b shows the connecting piece of Figure 3a now fixed first and second walls 3, 4 of the block parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other; FIG. 3c illustrates a block according to the invention consisting of the walls assembled by the connecting piece 6a of FIG. 3b and of an insulating layer placed between these walls; FIG. 3d illustrates a wall made up of blocks that are identical to each other and conform to the block of FIG. 3c; FIG. 4a illustrates a lower palletizing plate P intended to form a female mold bottom for molding block walls according to the invention as well as connection pieces disposed on the surface of this plate, this plate may be equipped with means positioning the connecting pieces on the plate P adapted to maintain these parts at a distance from each other; FIG. 4b illustrates a female mold used to simultaneously cast / mold several block walls according to the invention while connecting these walls two by two via the connecting pieces illustrated in FIG. 4a and arranged at the bottom of the mold; FIG. 4c illustrates the female mold surmounted by a movable material transport chamber to be introduced into the female mold to form the walls thereof, as well as vertically movable pressers for compressing this material in recesses of the female mold where the mold is formed. the walls ; FIG. 4d illustrates the demolding operation where, after removal of the upper part of the female mold, the female mold base carries a plurality of block walls according to the invention, these walls being connected in pairs and separated by the connecting pieces. to receive a layer of insulation between walls. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As indicated above the invention relates to a block for the construction of walls from several identical blocks together. Each building block 1 according to the invention is sized to be able to be contained in a maximum space volume V determined. This volume of maximum congestion V is defined to allow a user to manually carry each block 1.

This volume of maximum space V parallelepiped is 600 mm long. The length of the block according to the invention is thus necessarily less than or equal to 600 mm. Preferably, the volume of maximum parallelepipedal bulk has a length of 500 mm and in this case, the block has a length less than or equal to 500 mm, this block length being preferably equal to 500 mm to be compatible with the most widespread dimensions on the building block market.

The volume of maximum parallelepipedal space has a height of 350 mm. The height of the block is thus necessarily less than or equal to 350 mm. Note that the height of the block is a dimension measured in a direction perpendicular to the length of the block.

The volume of maximum parallelepipedal dimensions finally has a thickness of 350 mm. Thus, the thickness of the block is necessarily less than or equal to 350 mm. Note that the thickness of the block is a dimension measured in a direction perpendicular to the length of the block and also perpendicular to the height of the block and passing through the two walls of the block.

Each wall 3, 4 of the block has a clean length, a clean height and a specific thickness. The proper length of a wall is measured parallel to the length of the block. The proper height of a wall is measured parallel to the height of the block. The intrinsic thickness of a wall is measured parallel to the thickness of the block.

Block 1 comprises first and second external walls 3, 4 whose respective thermal conductivities λΐ, λ2 are greater than or equal to 0.12 W * m 1 * K -1. Typically these walls 3, 4 consist of the same material chosen from the group of materials comprising concrete, cellular concrete, terra cotta, solid wood, chipboard.

For their important mechanical properties (compressive strength) these materials are widely used for the manufacture of wall building blocks. However, these materials have a high thermal conductivity which makes them weakly insulating.

To minimize heat flow through the block, at least one layer of thermally insulating material 5 is placed between these first and second walls 3, 4. The spacing between the walls allows for a load recovery by the block at the of its walls and along these walls, the insulating layer thus being preserved from crushing. Ideally the insulating layer has four accessible side faces between the block walls, from outside the block. The geometry of these side faces is provided so that when two identical blocks are assembled together, there is contact, if possible continuous, between two of the side faces of these blocks.

This insulating material has a thermal conductivity less than 0.04 W * m "1 * K'1 and is preferably molded against and between the first and second walls 3, 4 to generate a mechanical grip / attachment of the layer 5 against each of first and second walls 3, 4. This layer 5 is preferably monobloc and preferably extends over the entire inner face of the first wall 3 and over the entire inner face of the second wall 4 without any discontinuity between these walls. At least one of the materials belonging to the group of insulating materials comprising polyurethane, rock wool perlite, polystyrene of the phenolic foam, is preferably an insulating foam such as polyurethane foam.

As illustrated in Figures 1c and 3c, in order to position the first and second walls 3, 4 relative to each other to define the available space for the insulator, the block 1 comprises at least one mechanical connection piece 6a fixedly connecting together the first and second walls 3, 4 to secure them together,

The mechanical connection piece or parts 6a are made of a material distinct from the material forming the insulating layer and the material forming the walls. Typically, each connecting piece has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.3 W * m_1 * K_1. For this purpose, a connecting piece is preferably made of a molded polymer material of thermal conductivity less than 0.22 W * m_1 * K_1. Typically, this molded polymeric material is selected from the group of polymeric materials including polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene tetraphthalate, polyacetal, polyvinyl.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1b, 1a, 2a, 2b, 3b, 3c, each at least one mechanical connecting piece 6a has: at least one first portion 61 inserted into an internal recess 3a at the first wall 3; at least a second portion 62 inserted into an internal recess in the second wall 4; and at least one intermediate portion 63 fixedly interconnecting these first and second portions 61, 62.

Said first and second portions 61, 62 of said at least one mechanical connecting piece 6a are parallel to each other and perpendicular to said at least one intermediate portion 63 when this at least one mechanical connection piece is observed in a section plane of this at least one connecting piece 6a passing through said first and second parts 61, 62 of this at least one mechanical connecting piece 6a.

In other words, when this at least one mechanical connection piece 6a is observed in a cutting plane passing through its first and second parts 61, 62 which are respectively inserted into the walls 3, 4, this connecting piece forms a U. This U-shape makes it possible to oppose the spacing of the first and second walls 3, 4 and makes it possible to keep them parallel to one another.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1a to 2b and 4a, 4b, the block 1 comprises several mechanical connection pieces 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e identical to each other in terms of shape. Each of these connecting pieces interconnects said first and second walls 3, 4.

In this preferred embodiment, each mechanical connecting piece 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e is in the form of a jumper engaged with one side of the jumper inside the first wall and on the other side of the jumper with the inside the second wall.

According to an alternative embodiment illustrated in Figures 3a to 3d, said at least one connecting piece 6a comprises: a plurality of first parts 61, 61b, 61c, 61d parallel to each other and each inserted into the first wall 3; and several second portions 62, 62b, 62c, 62d parallel to each other and each inserted into the second wall 4.

In this mode, the block 1 has a single connecting piece 6a having a plurality of first mutually parallel portions 61, 61b, 61c, 61d intended to be inserted complementary recesses of the first wall 3 and several second parts parallel to each other 62, 62b, 62c, 62d intended to be inserted complementary recesses of the second wall 4. The advantage of this piece is that it has a large support plane which makes it more stable. Furthermore, this connecting piece may have one or more longitudinal stiffening beams 64, 65 for interconnecting the first parts 61, 61b, 61c, 61d and the second parts 62, 62b, 62c, 62d.

It should be noted that, if necessary, several connecting pieces of this type can be used to connect the walls 3, 4.

Furthermore, as illustrated in FIGS. 3a, 3b, 3c, braces 65 can extend in a base plane Px of the connecting piece 6a in order to give it rigidity while allowing improved grip of the insulating material on this part. link. These braces 65 are arranged to be immersed in the layer of insulating material 5 during its formation (during the expansion of the foam).

Plugs 66 may also extend to one side of the connecting piece 6a which is opposite to the side of the connecting piece 6a towards which the first parts 61, 61b, 61c, 61d extend and second parts parallel to each other 62, 62b, 62c, 62d. The walls 3, 4 of each block have hollow areas for receiving pads 66 belonging to another identical block, when these two blocks are stacked one on the other.

These pads 66 can wedge transversely blocks identical to each other when they are stacked on each other.

The intermediate portion 63 fixedly interconnecting the first and second portions 61, 62 forms a stable support plane adapted to position the first connecting piece on a plane. Stable bearing plane means that when the mechanical connecting piece is positioned on a horizontal plane external to the connecting piece, this connecting piece 6a does not rock.

This may be useful for positioning each mechanical connecting piece 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e with respect to a lower plate P of a female mold 7 in which said first and second walls are molded. As illustrated in FIG. 4d, this lower plate P is perpendicular to the respective extension planes PI, P2 of these first and second walls 3, 4.

As seen in Figures 4b and 4d, the bottom plate P which forms the bottom of the mold 7 may be a pallet for carrying all the walls 3, 4 of blocks 1 formed during molding. The walls leaving the mold can be transported to a storage / drying / drying zone using the mold base P which is particularly practical.

As seen in Figures 1c and 3c, the first wall 3 of the block has an outer edge 31 composed of four rectilinear outer edges, respectively named: - upper outer edge; - lower outer edge; - first lateral outer edge; - Second lateral outer edge, the upper and lower outer edges connect between them the first and second lateral external edges.

A first groove 50 extends along the upper outer edge, a second groove 60 extends along the first of the lateral outer edge.

A first tab extends along the lower outer edge and a second tab 61 extends along the second lateral outer edge.

The first groove 50 and the first tongue 51 are provided so that when two identical blocks between them are superimposed / assembled one on the other, the first tongue 51 of one of these blocks enters the first groove 51 of the other of these blocks.

As seen in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the internal volume of the first groove 50 is provided to define a maximum allowable volume of adhesive in the first groove 50 such that, when two identical blocks are superposed, one on the another with a first tongue 51 of one of these identical blocks inserted in the first groove 50 of the other of these blocks, the tongue 51 discharges from the groove 50 a sufficient volume of glue to glue all the upper and lower outer edges first walls of these blocks.

The maximum permissible adhesive volume in a groove 50 is obtained by filling this groove 50 with adhesive and leveling the excess glue. Thus, the right amount of glue required for the assembly of adjacent walls is easily defined.

Ideally, the first tongue 51 has a profile that tapers towards the outside of the tongue 51. The first groove 50 has a shape profile complementary to the profile of the first tongue 51. Thus, during the assembly of the blocks superimposed, the distribution of the glue is facilitated while guiding the blocks relative to each other.

Ideally, the first lateral outer edge 70 has a profile identical to the profile of the groove formed along the upper outer edge and the second lateral outer edge 71 has a profile identical to the profile of the tongue formed along the lower outer edge.

Similarly, the second wall 4 of the block has an outer edge 41 composed of four rectilinear outer edges: upper outer edge; - lower outer edge; - first lateral outer edge; - Second lateral outer edge, the upper and lower outer edges interconnecting the first and second outer lateral edges of the second wall.

As for the first wall 3, the upper outer edge of this second wall 4 has a groove 80 and the lower outer edge of this second wall has a tongue 81 of complementary shape to the shape of the groove 80 of the upper outer edge of the same second wall 4.

This allows two identical blocks to each other and superimposed on each other to have the tab 81 formed along the lower outer edge of the second wall of the upper block inserted into the groove 80 formed along the lower outer edge of the second wall 4 of the other block said lower block.

As in the case of the groove 50 formed along the upper outer edge of the first wall 3, the internal volume of the groove 80 is provided to define a space to receive a maximum volume of permissible adhesive in the groove 80. This maximum volume is provided so that when inserting a tongue 81 of a block into a groove 80 of another identical block, there is an overflow of glue out of this groove 80 sufficient to cover the entire width of the second wall 4 having the groove 80 seen in cross section of this wall 4.

In the same way as for the tongue 51 belonging to the first wall 3, the tongue 81 of the second wall 4 has a profile that tapers towards the end of the tongue. This facilitates the positioning of tongue 81 in a groove 80 while promoting a good distribution of the adhesive between the walls 4 of these blocks.

It should be noted that the grooves and tongues are always defined so that the maximum permissible adhesive volume is insufficient to extend through the entire layer of insulation when two blocks are assembled together. Since the adhesive has a higher thermal conductivity than the insulating material, it is thus avoided to create unnecessary thermal diffusion in the layer of insulating material.

Ideally, the insulation layers of the blocks are shaped so that when the blocks (identical to each other) are assembled together there is a continuous contact between these insulating layers.

Preferably, the connecting piece is positioned along the lower or upper outer edges of the walls of the block.

It can also be done so that the first wall 3 is thicker than the second wall 4. The thickest wall is preferably provided on the side of the wall intended to form an inner face of the building. This makes it possible to confer a better thermal inertia on the building. The invention is not limited to what has just been described and in particular several forms of connecting pieces 6a can be used. For example, alternatively to the above-mentioned U-shape, there can be connecting pieces which, when observed in a direction parallel to the walls, are in the form of a hollowed out piece at its center and presenting a closed perimeter, for example in 0 .

This form of 0 connection piece is compatible with the embodiment where the wall is overmoulded on the part of the connecting piece engaged in the wall or with another embodiment where a part of the connecting piece is inserted into the wall by sliding in a groove formed in this wall.

In this case, the recesses in the first and second walls may be formed by T-shaped or L-shaped profile grooves extending along the inner face of the relevant wall. A T-shaped or L-shaped groove opens along its entire length towards the inner face of the wall in which it is formed and at least one end of this groove opens on an outer edge of this same wall. In this embodiment each first or second part of each connecting piece is of complementary shape with the profile of the groove into which it is inserted.

Thus, the introduction of a portion of the connecting piece in the groove is made by sliding along the groove from the opening of the groove previously made in the wall and which opens on the outer side of the wall.

Claims (12)

1. Block (1) for the wall construction (2) having external dimensions such that it can extend completely within a volume volume (V) of parallelepiped length (Lv) 600 mm , of height (Hv) 350 mm and thickness (Ev) 350 mm, the block (1) comprising at least first and second outer walls (3, 4) having respective thermal conductivities (λΐ, λ2) greater than or equal to at 0.12 W * m_1 * K_1 and at least one layer of thermally insulating material (5) placed between these first and second walls (3, 4), this insulating material having a thermal conductivity of less than 0.04 W * m-1 * K- 1, the block (1) being characterized in that it further comprises at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a) interconnecting the first and second walls (3, 4) to secure them together, this at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a) being distinct from the layer of insulating material (5) and having a thermal conductivity less than 0.3 W * m "1 * K" 1. 2. block (1) for the wall construction according to claim 1 wherein the first and second walls (3, 4) are made of the same material selected from the group of materials comprising concrete, cellular concrete, the terracotta, solid wood, chipboard. 3. Block (1) for the wall construction according to any one of claims 1 or 2 wherein said at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a) is made of a molded polymeric material. 4. block (1) for the wall construction according to claim 3 wherein the molded polymeric material constituting said at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a) is selected from the group of polymeric materials comprising polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene tetraphthalate, polyacetal, polyvinyl. 5. block (1) for the wall construction according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a) passes through the layer of insulating material (5) in which it is in mechanical grip. 6. Block (1) for the wall construction according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulating material forming the layer of insulating material (5) is a material molded against the first and second walls (3, 4), the layer of insulating material (5) being mechanically engaged with each of these first and second walls (3, 4). 7. block (1) for the wall construction according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said insulating material (5) is at least one of the materials belonging to the group of insulating materials comprising polyurethane, perlite of rockwool, polystyrene, phenolic foam. 8. block for the wall construction according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a) has: - at least a first portion (61) inserted into an internal recess (3a). ) at the first wall (3); at least a second portion (62) inserted into a recess internal to the second wall (4); and - at least one intermediate portion (63) fixedly interconnecting these first and second portions (61, 62). 9. block (1) for the wall construction according to claim 8, wherein said at least one connecting piece (6a) comprises: - several first parts (61, 61b, 61c, 61d) parallel to each other and each inserted into the first wall (3); and - a plurality of second portions (62, 62b, 62c, 62d) parallel to each other and each inserted into the second wall (4). 10. A method of manufacturing a block (1) for the wall construction (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: - using at least one female mold (7), said first and second walls (3, 4) are molded; positioning said at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a) so that it is on the one hand assembled with the first wall (3) and secondly assembled with the second wall (4) so as to maintain them in a position where these walls (3, 4) are spaced from each other and parallel to each other; then inserting said insulating material thermally between these first and second walls (3, 4) interconnected via said at least one mechanical connecting piece (6a). 11. Manufacturing method according to claim 11, wherein: - to assemble said at least one connecting piece (6a) with the first wall (3), is positioned a first portion (61) of the at least one connecting piece (6a) inside a first recess (7a) of the female mold (7), then molded into this first recess of the female mold (7) and around this first portion (61), a curable material constituting the first wall (3); and - to assemble said at least one connecting piece (6a) with the second wall (4), positioning a second portion (62) of this at least one connecting piece (6a) inside a second recess (7b) of the female mold (7), then overmolded in this second recess (7b) of the female mold (7) and around this second portion (6b), a curable material constituting the second wall (4). 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the first and second walls (3, 4) are made of a hardenable material, the first wall (3) has recesses (3a) which extend within this first wall (3) in a direction of extension parallel to an outer face (32) of this first wall (3), these internal recesses (3a) to the first wall (3) open on an outer edge (31) of this first wall (3), the second wall (4) has recesses (4a) which extend inside this second wall (4) in a direction of extension parallel to an outer face (42) of the second wall (4), these internal recesses (4a) at the second wall (4) open on an outer edge (41) of the second wall (4), and after curing the constituent material of the first and second walls (3, 4): a first portion (61) of said at least one connecting piece (6a) is inserted inside at least some of the internal recesses (3a) at the first wall (3) to assemble said first portion (61) with the first wall (3); and a second portion (62) of said at least one connecting piece (6a) is inserted inside at least some of the internal recesses (4a) at the second wall (4) to assemble said second portion (62). with this second wall (4) and thus maintain these first and second walls (3, 4) parallel to each other.