FR3029946A1 - GABION FORMING A VERTICAL WALL - Google Patents
GABION FORMING A VERTICAL WALL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3029946A1 FR3029946A1 FR1462215A FR1462215A FR3029946A1 FR 3029946 A1 FR3029946 A1 FR 3029946A1 FR 1462215 A FR1462215 A FR 1462215A FR 1462215 A FR1462215 A FR 1462215A FR 3029946 A1 FR3029946 A1 FR 3029946A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- gabion
- concrete
- compartments
- central compartment
- rollers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0208—Gabions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention a pour objet un gabion en forme de paroi verticale comprenant une enveloppe (2) en treillis métallique contenant des galets (6) ou pierres caractérisé en ce qu'il est partitionné dans son épaisseur en trois compartiments (A, B, C), le compartiment central (B) contenant du béton (5) et les compartiments externes contenant des galets ou pierres.The invention relates to a gabion in the form of a vertical wall comprising a casing (2) of wire mesh containing rollers (6) or stones, characterized in that it is partitioned in its thickness in three compartments (A, B, C ), the central compartment (B) containing concrete (5) and the external compartments containing pebbles or stones.
Description
1 GABION FORMANT UNE PAROI VERTICALE. L'invention se rapporte à un gabion. Un gabion est un dispositif obstacle formé d'un treillis métallique plié en forme de boite parallélépipédique fermée dans lequel sont logés des galets ou pierres.1 GABION FORMING A VERTICAL WALL. The invention relates to a gabion. A gabion is an obstacle device formed of a folded metal mesh in the form of closed parallelepiped box in which are housed pebbles or stones.
Ces galets confèrent au gabion son esthétisme. En effet il existe différentes tailles de galets et également de couleurs multiples. Ils sont peu couteux et simple à fabriquer. Généralement les bords du treillis sont agrafés pour fermer la boite. Ils sont utilisés pour retenir les talus ou délimiter une enceinte. Le problème de l'occupation illicite de terrains par des individus a créé une 10 augmentation de l'utilisation de ces gabions. De plus en plus souvent pour prévenir l'invasion des terrains, ils sont entourés de gabions placés cote à cote pour former une enceinte interdisant le passage de véhicule. Le poids de ces structures rend difficile leurs déplacements. La solution utilisée 15 pour franchir cette enceinte est de sectionner le treillis et de retirer les galets. Bien que cette solution prenne du temps, elle est utilisée. Lors de l'invasion de ces terrains, le temps pour ouvrir une brèche dans l'enceinte joue en défaveur de ces individus car bien souvent les forces de l'ordre sont appelées par des voisins. 20 Le but de l'invention est de retarder la destruction de ces gabions. A cet effet, l'invention se rapporte à un gabion en forme de paroi verticale comprenant une enveloppe en treillis métallique contenant des galets ou pierres caractérisé en ce qu'il est partitionné dans son épaisseur en trois compartiments, le compartiment central contenant du béton et les compartiments externes 25 contenant des galets ou pierres. 3029946 2 L'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description ci-après faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif en regard du dessin qui représente : FIG 1. Vue en coupe verticale d'un gabion avant remplissage béton. FIG 2 vue en perspective d'un gabion. 5 En se reportant au dessin, on voit un gabion 1 destiné à former une enceinte qui se présente sous la forme d'une paroi verticale. Ces gabions sont posés cote à cote de sorte à former un mur. Ces gabions ont une enveloppe 2 en treillis métallique qui contient des galets ou des pierres. Selon une caractéristique, le gabion est partitionné dans son épaisseur en trois 10 compartiments A, B, C , le compartiment central B contenant du béton 5 et les compartiments externes A, C contenant des galets 6 ou pierres 6. La partition formant un compartiment central B est réalisée verticalement par des parois internes 12,14 qui de préférence, sont une partie du treillis formant les compartiments externes. 15 En coupe verticale, on a donc depuis une face latérale une première paroi 10 en treillis, une épaisseur 11 de galets, une seconde paroi en treillis 12, un remplissage 13 en béton, une troisième paroi 14 en treillis, un remplissage 15 en galets et une quatrième paroi 16 en treillis. Ainsi si un individu sectionne les fils du premier treillis métallique apparent, il lui 20 faut ensuite retirer les galets, couper à nouveau le treillis qui se trouve entre les galets et le béton, casser le béton du compartiment central B en béton puis recouper le treillis, retirer les galets et enfin recouper le treillis. Ce sont donc des opérations différentes qui nécessitent du temps, des outils différents et permettent donc aux forces de l'ordre d'intervenir. 25 Le béton dans le compartiment central sera, de préférence armé. 3029946 3 A cet effet, des liaisons 30 relient la paroi interne du treillis du premier compartiment au treillis interne du troisième compartiment. Ces liaisons 30 auront pour fonction le maintien de l'écartement entre les deux compartiments externes pour résister à la poussée du béton. Ces liaisons 30 sont par exemple des fers à 5 béton avec des crochets aux extrémités. Au moment de couler le béton et selon la taille des galets, il faut dans certains cas éviter que le béton ne s'écoule trop dans les zones du gabion occupées par les galets. Une plaque 17 ou une feuille peuvent tapisser l'intérieur du compartiment central io B pour éviter que le béton s'échappe entre les galets mais il semble préférable que le béton enrobe le treillis car il sera plus difficile à repérer pour le couper . la plaque 17 ou la feuille est alors placée dans le compartiment externe A, C entre les galets et le treillis. Au moment de couler le béton, sera prévu un fond provisoire pour le 15 compartiment central A et pour les deux champs dudit compartiment central. Pour la fabrication des gabions comportant une semelle, on plie le treillis de manière à former les deux compartiments externes, on positionne les compartiments de sorte que ce qui sera le haut soit en bas, on remplit les compartiments externes avec des galets, l'ensemble est placé ou a été placé dans 20 un coffrage plus haut que la hauteur des compartiments et on coule le béton en sorte de remplir le compartiment central et former au-dessus de l'ensemble des compartiments une couche épaisse qui sera la semelle lorsque l'on retourne le gabion. Cette couche 40 épaisse peut être remplacée par une tôle épaisse qui portera des ancrages qui viendront se noyer dans le béton juste coulé. 25 Lors de cette opération, on peut intégrer des parements en bois couvrant la partie semelle ainsi que des moyens d'accrochage par exemple pour des bancs Il peut cependant être intéressant de terminer ces gabions sur le site. 3029946 4 On réalise des fondations prévoyant des fers en attentes au droit des zones qui seront couvertes par le compartiment central, on positionne les deux compartiments externes sur les fondations, on remplit ces deux compartiments de galets s'ils ne sont pas déjà remplis, on place les liaisons 30 reliant les 5 compartiments externes et éventuellement une armature ou un complément d'armature si cela n'est pas déjà fait et on coule du béton dans le compartiment central. Accessoirement des feuilles ou plaques sont interposées entre les galets et l'espace central destiné à recevoir le béton.These pebbles give the gabion its aestheticism. Indeed there are different sizes of pebbles and also multiple colors. They are inexpensive and simple to manufacture. Generally the edges of the lattice are stapled to close the box. They are used to hold the embankments or to delimit an enclosure. The problem of the illegal occupation of land by individuals has created an increase in the use of these gabions. More and more often to prevent the invasion of the grounds, they are surrounded by gabions placed side by side to form an enclosure prohibiting the passage of vehicle. The weight of these structures makes their movements difficult. The solution used to cross this enclosure is to cut the mesh and remove the rollers. Although this solution is time consuming, it is used. During the invasion of these lands, the time to open a breach in the enclosure plays against these individuals because often the police are called by neighbors. The object of the invention is to delay the destruction of these gabions. For this purpose, the invention relates to a gabion in the form of a vertical wall comprising a wire mesh envelope containing pebbles or stones, characterized in that it is partitioned in its thickness in three compartments, the central compartment containing concrete and the outer compartments 25 containing pebbles or stones. The invention will be better understood using the following description given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the drawing which represents: FIG 1. Vertical sectional view of a gabion before concrete filling. FIG 2 perspective view of a gabion. Referring to the drawing, there is shown a gabion 1 for forming an enclosure which is in the form of a vertical wall. These gabions are placed side by side so as to form a wall. These gabions have an envelope 2 of wire mesh which contains pebbles or stones. According to one characteristic, the gabion is partitioned in its thickness into three compartments A, B, C, the central compartment B containing concrete 5 and the external compartments A, C containing pebbles 6 or stones 6. The partition forming a central compartment B is made vertically by internal walls 12, 14 which preferably are a part of the lattice forming the external compartments. In vertical section, therefore, from a lateral face there is a first trellis wall 10, a thickness of rollers 11, a second trellis wall 12, a concrete filling 13, a third trellis wall 14, a roller fill 15 and a fourth wall 16 lattice. Thus, if an individual cuts the wires of the first apparent wire mesh, he must then remove the rollers, cut again the mesh which is between the rollers and the concrete, break the concrete of the central compartment B of concrete then cut the lattice , remove the rollers and finally cut the lattice. These are therefore different operations that require time, different tools and therefore allow the police to intervene. The concrete in the central compartment will preferably be reinforced. For this purpose, links 30 connect the inner wall of the trellis of the first compartment to the inner lattice of the third compartment. These links 30 will have the function of maintaining the spacing between the two external compartments to resist the thrust of the concrete. These links 30 are for example concrete irons with hooks at the ends. When pouring concrete and depending on the size of the pebbles, it is necessary in certain cases to prevent the concrete from flowing too much in the areas of the gabion occupied by the rollers. A plate 17 or sheet may line the interior of the central compartment B to prevent concrete from escaping between the rollers but it seems preferable that the concrete coats the lattice because it will be more difficult to locate to cut it. the plate 17 or the sheet is then placed in the outer compartment A, C between the rollers and the lattice. At the time of pouring the concrete, there will be provided a temporary bottom for the central compartment A and for the two fields of said central compartment. For the manufacture of the gabions comprising a sole, the mesh is folded so as to form the two external compartments, the compartments are positioned so that what will be the top is down, we fill the external compartments with pebbles, all is placed or placed in a formwork higher than the height of the compartments and the concrete is poured so as to fill the central compartment and form above the set of compartments a thick layer which will be the sole when the we return the gabion. This thick layer 40 can be replaced by a thick sheet which will carry anchors that will drown in the concrete just poured. During this operation, it is possible to integrate wooden facings covering the sole part as well as hooking means for example for benches. However, it may be advantageous to terminate these gabions on the site. 3029946 4 Foundations are provided with irons waiting in the right areas that will be covered by the central compartment, we position the two external compartments on the foundations, we fill these two compartments of pebbles if they are not already filled, we places the connections 30 connecting the 5 external compartments and possibly an armature or additional reinforcement if it is not already done and pouring concrete in the central compartment. Incidentally sheets or plates are interposed between the rollers and the central space for receiving the concrete.
L'avantage de cette méthode est d'alléger le transport car au moins une partie du remplissage du gabion « sandwich » se fait sur place. La manutention nécessite des engins moins puissants. En effet, on peut transporter l'enveloppe sur site et la remplir ensuite. Le treillis peut être agrafé ou soudé pour fermer les compartiments.The advantage of this method is to lighten the transport because at least part of the filling of the gabion "sandwich" is done on site. Handling requires less powerful gear. Indeed, one can transport the envelope on site and fill it then. The mesh can be stapled or welded to close the compartments.
On peut également prévoir lorsque l'on coule le béton de remplir un espace sous l'ensemble des compartiments A, B, C pour former une semelle 40 en béton avec éventuellement des fers en attente. On peut également fixer les compartiments externes sur une tôle de forte épaisseur (4 à 10 mm) par exemple par soudure et remplir les compartiments externes soit 20 sur site soit à l'usine avant de remplir le compartiment central avec du béton. On réalise donc un dispositif destiné à former une enceinte permettant un gain de transport et de manutention qui offre des difficultés supplémentaires pour l'éventuel individu souhaitant franchir l'enceinte par destruction. Ce gabion a toujours l'apparence du gabion traditionnel mais dissimule une paroi 25 en béton. Le béton peut servir de chainage.It is also possible when pouring the concrete to fill a space under all compartments A, B, C to form a sole 40 of concrete with possibly irons pending. The external compartments can also be fixed on a thick sheet (4 to 10 mm) for example by welding and fill the external compartments either on site or at the factory before filling the central compartment with concrete. Thus, a device is provided for forming an enclosure allowing a gain of transport and handling which offers additional difficulties for the eventual individual wishing to cross the enclosure by destruction. This gabion still has the appearance of the traditional gabion but conceals a concrete wall. Concrete can serve as chaining.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1462215A FR3029946B1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | GABION FORMING A VERTICAL WALL |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1462215A FR3029946B1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | GABION FORMING A VERTICAL WALL |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR3029946A1 true FR3029946A1 (en) | 2016-06-17 |
FR3029946B1 FR3029946B1 (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR1462215A Active FR3029946B1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | GABION FORMING A VERTICAL WALL |
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Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2902808A1 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2007-12-28 | Entpr Travaux Publics Setp Sar | Noise-proof wall for e.g. industrial environment, has acoustic core inserted between courses constituted of modules that are stacked over each other, where core extends along length and height of wall and acts as continuous barrier |
-
2014
- 2014-12-11 FR FR1462215A patent/FR3029946B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2902808A1 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2007-12-28 | Entpr Travaux Publics Setp Sar | Noise-proof wall for e.g. industrial environment, has acoustic core inserted between courses constituted of modules that are stacked over each other, where core extends along length and height of wall and acts as continuous barrier |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3029946B1 (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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