FR2979756B1 - Procede de recyclage de batteries au lithium et/ou d'electrodes de telles batteries - Google Patents

Procede de recyclage de batteries au lithium et/ou d'electrodes de telles batteries

Info

Publication number
FR2979756B1
FR2979756B1 FR1157939A FR1157939A FR2979756B1 FR 2979756 B1 FR2979756 B1 FR 2979756B1 FR 1157939 A FR1157939 A FR 1157939A FR 1157939 A FR1157939 A FR 1157939A FR 2979756 B1 FR2979756 B1 FR 2979756B1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
batteries
electrodes
lithium
suspension
recycling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
FR1157939A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
FR2979756A1 (fr
Inventor
Richard Laucournet
Sandrine Barthelemy
Nathalie Diaferia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA, Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority to FR1157939A priority Critical patent/FR2979756B1/fr
Priority to PCT/IB2012/054581 priority patent/WO2013035048A1/fr
Priority to EP12769500.5A priority patent/EP2754201B1/fr
Priority to US14/343,651 priority patent/US9312581B2/en
Publication of FR2979756A1 publication Critical patent/FR2979756A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2979756B1 publication Critical patent/FR2979756B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
    • C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/006—Wet processes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
FR1157939A 2011-09-07 2011-09-07 Procede de recyclage de batteries au lithium et/ou d'electrodes de telles batteries Active FR2979756B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1157939A FR2979756B1 (fr) 2011-09-07 2011-09-07 Procede de recyclage de batteries au lithium et/ou d'electrodes de telles batteries
PCT/IB2012/054581 WO2013035048A1 (fr) 2011-09-07 2012-09-05 Procede de recyclage de batteries au lithium et/ou d'electrodes de telles batteries
EP12769500.5A EP2754201B1 (fr) 2011-09-07 2012-09-05 Procédé de recyclage de batteries au lithium et/ou d'électrodes de telles batteries
US14/343,651 US9312581B2 (en) 2011-09-07 2012-09-05 Method for recycling lithium batteries and/or electrodes of such batteries

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1157939A FR2979756B1 (fr) 2011-09-07 2011-09-07 Procede de recyclage de batteries au lithium et/ou d'electrodes de telles batteries

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2979756A1 FR2979756A1 (fr) 2013-03-08
FR2979756B1 true FR2979756B1 (fr) 2013-10-04

Family

ID=46982666

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR1157939A Active FR2979756B1 (fr) 2011-09-07 2011-09-07 Procede de recyclage de batteries au lithium et/ou d'electrodes de telles batteries

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9312581B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2754201B1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2979756B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013035048A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10741890B2 (en) 2012-04-04 2020-08-11 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Method and apparatus for recycling lithium iron phosphate batteries
KR101439427B1 (ko) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-11 한국과학기술연구원 리튬이차전지용 올리빈계 양극소재의 재활용 방법, 이에 의하여 제조된 양극소재, 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지용 양극 및 리튬이차전지
DE102014116378B4 (de) 2014-11-10 2016-07-28 Schott Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen eines glaskeramischen Ionenleiters
WO2016205780A1 (fr) 2015-06-19 2016-12-22 24M Technologies, Inc. Procédés de remédiation de cellule électrochimique
CN105024106B (zh) * 2015-07-31 2018-01-12 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 一种从废旧锂离子电池及报废正极片中回收磷酸铁的方法
US10807879B2 (en) * 2016-03-16 2020-10-20 Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation Processing method for lithium ion battery scrap
WO2017159745A1 (fr) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-21 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 Procédé de traitement de déchets de batterie au lithium-ion
JP6991159B2 (ja) * 2016-05-20 2022-01-12 ハイドロ－ケベック リチウム電池電極材料をリサイクルするためのプロセス
US10205200B2 (en) 2016-07-07 2019-02-12 Grst International Limited Method for recycling lithium-ion battery
EP3488486B1 (fr) * 2016-07-22 2021-03-17 Hydro-Québec Procédé pour le recyclage du graphène d'un matériau d'électrode
CN106129520A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-11-16 襄阳艾克特电池科技股份有限公司 一种锂离子电池氧化铜回收工艺方法
US10850989B2 (en) * 2016-12-20 2020-12-01 Sungeel Hitech Co., Ltd. Method for preparing solid lithium salt from lithium solution
WO2018209164A1 (fr) * 2017-05-11 2018-11-15 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Procédé et appareil de recyclage de batteries au phosphate de fer-lithium
KR102412404B1 (ko) 2017-05-30 2022-06-23 리-싸이클 코포레이션 배터리로부터 물질을 회수하기 위한 방법, 장치 및 시스템
CN107180999B (zh) * 2017-06-27 2019-07-30 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 一种废旧磷酸铁锂材料的综合利用方法
WO2020018377A1 (fr) 2018-07-14 2020-01-23 Polyceed Inc. Recyclage de fenêtres intelligentes
CN109292746A (zh) * 2018-09-17 2019-02-01 南昌航空大学 一种废旧锂电池中回收六氟磷酸锂的方法
EP3887558A4 (fr) * 2018-11-28 2022-08-31 Li Industries Inc. Procédés et systèmes de recyclage direct évolutif de batteries
CN111276767B (zh) * 2018-12-04 2021-04-13 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 一种废旧磷酸铁锂电池的回收方法
CN109775678B (zh) * 2019-04-01 2022-05-10 中钢集团南京新材料研究院有限公司 废旧磷酸铁锂电池中制备电池级磷酸铁和工业级磷酸锂的方法
CN110289459B (zh) * 2019-07-26 2020-05-19 惠州市恒创睿能环保科技有限公司 一种废旧电池提炼原料的装置
TWI725589B (zh) * 2019-10-25 2021-04-21 輝能科技股份有限公司 氧化物固態電解質的原相回收方法、鋰電池製造方法及其綠色環保電池
CN111285341A (zh) * 2020-02-21 2020-06-16 北京蒙京石墨新材料科技研究院有限公司 一种从废弃磷酸铁锂电池中提取电池级磷酸铁的方法
CN111697282B (zh) * 2020-06-18 2021-11-02 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 一种废旧电池正极材料回收稀溶液中提取锂的方法
CN111924816A (zh) * 2020-07-02 2020-11-13 曲靖市华祥科技有限公司 一种废旧锂离子电池电解液的回收方法
CN111926191B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2021-10-26 天齐锂业（江苏）有限公司 一种回收磷酸铁锂电池的方法
KR20220039288A (ko) 2020-09-22 2022-03-29 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 리튬 이차 전지의 활성 금속 회수 방법
US12132176B2 (en) 2020-10-13 2024-10-29 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Methods for recovering and reusing polymeric binders from composite cathode films
CN112331949B (zh) * 2020-11-12 2022-06-07 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 从废旧磷酸铁锂电池中回收磷、铁和锂的方法
CN112768796B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2023-04-11 中科南京绿色制造产业创新研究院 一种处理废旧锂电池的方法
CN112811404B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2022-07-19 九江天赐高新材料有限公司 废旧磷酸铁锂正极粉料的回收利用方法
CN112886085B (zh) * 2021-03-09 2022-03-04 昆明理工大学 一种离子交换法再生三元锂离子电池正极材料的方法
CA3219909A1 (fr) * 2021-05-28 2022-12-01 Timothy George JOHNSTON Systeme et procede de recuperation de matiere plastique a partir de materiaux de batterie
US11721850B2 (en) * 2021-07-28 2023-08-08 Ut-Battelle, Llc Direct recycling of lithium-ion battery scraps for manufacturing a new anode
CN117795736A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2024-03-29 升腾元素公司 磷酸铁锂（lfp）电池回收
EP4141133A1 (fr) * 2021-08-26 2023-03-01 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Matériau de charge pour des batteries lithium-ion recyclées
CN114421044A (zh) * 2022-01-29 2022-04-29 湖南裕能新能源电池材料股份有限公司 一种含Al、Cu杂质磷铁渣混合物的纯化处理方法及系统
EP4523284A1 (fr) 2022-05-11 2025-03-19 Li Industries Inc. Procédés et systèmes de recyclage direct évolutif de déchets de batterie
TWI877525B (zh) * 2022-10-12 2025-03-21 可寧衛股份有限公司 全種類鋰電池回收方法
CN115893350B (zh) * 2022-12-12 2024-06-28 厦门厦钨新能源材料股份有限公司 废旧磷酸铁锂正极材料的回收方法
CN116177510B (zh) * 2022-12-14 2024-04-09 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 一种利用废旧磷酸铁锂电池正极粉制备电池级磷酸铁的方法
CN116479242B (zh) * 2023-02-27 2026-01-02 中冶瑞木新能源科技有限公司 一种锂离子电池废料回收利用的方法
US12278353B2 (en) 2023-06-22 2025-04-15 Li Industries, Inc. Systems and methods for removal and recycling of aluminum impurities from battery waste
US20250070291A1 (en) * 2023-08-24 2025-02-27 Ascend Elements, Inc. Impurity management for recycled cathode material
CN116864851B (zh) * 2023-09-05 2023-11-21 赣州市力道新能源有限公司 一种退役电池回收料液深度除磷的工艺
DE102024114905A1 (de) * 2024-05-28 2025-12-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von überschüssigem Material einer Festkörperbatterie
FR3165455A1 (fr) * 2024-08-06 2026-02-13 IFP Energies Nouvelles Procédé de recyclage d’une encre d’enduction pour électrode de batterie au lithium
KR102772835B1 (ko) * 2024-09-04 2025-02-26 성일하이텍 주식회사 폐이차전지로부터 유가금속의 고순도 회수방법

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE511166C2 (sv) 1997-03-14 1999-08-16 Kemira Kemi Ab Förfarande för behandling av slam från avloppsvattenrening
US5888463A (en) * 1998-01-02 1999-03-30 Toxco Li reclamation process
FR2796207B1 (fr) * 1999-07-07 2001-09-21 Tredi Procede de recuperation d'especes metalliques a partir de piles et accumulateurs au lithium
FR2868603B1 (fr) * 2004-04-06 2006-07-14 Recupyl Sa Sa Procede de recyclage en melange de piles et batteries a base d'anode en lithium
EP1589121B1 (fr) 2004-04-19 2008-12-31 Umicore Recyclage d'une pile
JP2010034021A (ja) * 2008-07-03 2010-02-12 Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd 電池廃材からの酸化物含有電池材料の回収方法
TWI520410B (zh) 2009-09-25 2016-02-01 烏明克公司 自鋰離子電池回收再用（ｖａｌｏｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ）金屬的方法
CN101847763A (zh) * 2010-04-09 2010-09-29 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种废旧磷酸铁锂电池综合回收的方法
CN101916889B (zh) * 2010-08-16 2012-05-30 长春劲能锂电池科技有限公司 水系废旧锂离子动力电池回收制备磷酸铁锂的方法
IT1402160B1 (it) * 2010-10-18 2013-08-28 Eco Recycling S R L Impianto e processo per il trattamento di pile e accumulatori esausti
WO2012072619A1 (fr) 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 Umicore Procédé pour la récupération de lithium et de fer à partir de batteries lfp
CN102208706A (zh) * 2011-05-04 2011-10-05 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 一种废旧磷酸铁锂电池正极材料的回收再生处理方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2754201A1 (fr) 2014-07-16
FR2979756A1 (fr) 2013-03-08
US9312581B2 (en) 2016-04-12
US20140227153A1 (en) 2014-08-14
EP2754201B1 (fr) 2017-01-04
WO2013035048A1 (fr) 2013-03-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR2979756B1 (fr) Procede de recyclage de batteries au lithium et/ou d'electrodes de telles batteries
WO2021125633A3 (fr) Procédé de traitement des eaux usées d'une batterie aux ions de lithium
EP1981115A4 (fr) Procede de recuperation d'une substance recherchee a partir d'une batterie secondaire au lithium, et appareil de recuperation de celle ci
MY207472A (en) Process for the recovery of metals from a li-containing starting material
PH12018500021A1 (en) A method of recovering metals from spent li-ion batteries
PH12013500557A1 (en) Nutrient recovery methods and uses thereof
FR2981206B1 (fr) Procede de preparation d'electrodes flexibles auto-supportees.
KR101648693B1 (ko) 리튬이차전지의 폐슬러리내 함유된 유가금속 회수시스템
MY169235A (en) Water treatment method and apparatus therefor
WO2011097468A3 (fr) Séparation d'acide par rétention d'acide sur une résine échangeuse d'ions dans un système électrochimique
EP3041795B1 (fr) Séparation électrodialytique de métaux lourds à partir de matériau particulaire
EP3950978A4 (fr) Procédé pour traiter des déchets de batterie lithium-ion
NZ597475A (en) Dual polymer system for water recovery and separation of suspended solids from aqueous media
EP2498913B8 (fr) Procédé permettant d'augmenter le rendement lors d'un processus de séparation de minerais au moyen de particules magnétiques hydrophobes par l'apport ciblé d'énergie mécanique
WO2011113860A9 (fr) Procédé de recyclage de batterie
EA033556B1 (ru) Способ получения покрытых углеродом литий-переходный металл-фосфатов
MY170297A (en) Method for concentrating metal chlorides in and separating same from an iron(iii) chloride-containing hydrochloric acid solution
WO2011074811A3 (fr) Procédé de traitement-valorisation de noir de carbone produit par réalisation d'un procédé de pyrolyse sur des pneus usagés
PH12014502026B1 (en) Method for recovering chromite, and method for wet smelting of nickel oxide ore
CN103951112A (zh) 一种去除废水磷回收产品中重金属的方法
EP3418404A3 (fr) Procédé pour augmenter la teneur en manganèse recyclé
JP2012115803A5 (fr)
ATE460505T1 (de) Verfahren zum recyceln von verbrauchten tiegelauskleidungen (spl) aus der primären aluminiumproduktion
WO2012177048A3 (fr) Appareil de fabrication de lingot et procédé de fabrication de lingot
PH12015501111A1 (en) Settling separation method for neutralized slurry and wet smelting method for nickel oxide ore

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 5

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 6

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 7