FR2978468A1 - Connection and lifting assistance system for wall panel, has thimble fixed to body of anchor while extending from one face to another face of anchor so as to allow cable to pass under anchor and on both sides of anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a connection element i.e. trapezoid anchor (1), comprising interior anchoring end connected to an interior concrete skin (2) of a wall panel. External anchoring end of the element is connected with external concrete skin (3) of the pane. The anchor has a flat body made of stainless steel. A thimble (4) has a guide surface (40) to guide a lifting cable (9) e.g. strap. The thimble is fixed to a body of the anchor while extending from one face to another face of the anchor to allow the cable to pass under the anchor and on both sides of the anchor.

Description

The present invention relates generally to bonding systems for interconnecting two skins of a wall panel.

The invention more particularly relates to a connection and lifting aid system for a wall panel, said system comprising a connecting element, called anchor, having an end, called the inner anchoring end, capable of being bonded to a skin interior concrete of a wall panel and an opposite end, said outer anchoring end, adapted to be bonded to an outer concrete skin of said wall panel. Said anchor has a substantially flat body, preferably metal, for example stainless steel.

Typically, the lifting operation of a wall panel to position it vertically at the desired location is done by passing a strop from below and from both sides of the anchor. However, when one draws on the strop thus coupled with the anchor to raise the panel, the strop rubs against the lower edge of the plate forming anchor. Thus, the lower edge of the anchor on which the strop is pulled forms a sharp edge which eventually deteriorates said strop. The risk of an accident with such a lifting system is therefore important.

It is also known to lift a panel by coupling the strop to a cylindrical connector which connects the inner and outer skins 25. However, such a solution is not satisfactory, because the cylindrical shape of the connector, the ends of which are embedded in the inner and outer skins, gives the panel a great rigidity, which prevents the skins from moving relative to each other. to the other, and in particular to expand horizontally. However, it is desirable for the skins to be able to move slightly relative to each other, in particular in a plane parallel to themselves, and in particular horizontally, so as to allow certain expansions or forces experienced by the panel to be absorbed. In the absence of possibility of displacement because of too great rigidity between the anchor and the skins, the panel can absorb relative movements between skins due to the forces suffered by the panel so that, subjected to such efforts , a break between the anchor and the skins appears quickly. Such breakage is particularly troublesome when it generates a disorder in the outer skin which is coated with a layer of thermal insulation.

The object of the present invention is to propose a connection system between wall panel skins, making it possible to lift a panel equipped with such a connection system with a reduced risk of breaking the lifting cable, while limiting the rigidity of the wall. the connection between the skins to allow relative movement between said skins of the panel.

For this purpose, the object of the invention is a connecting and lifting aid system 15 for a wall panel, said system comprising a connecting element, called an anchor, having an end, called the inner anchoring end, suitable for be bonded to an inner concrete skin of a wall panel and an opposite end, said outer anchor end apt to be bonded to an outer concrete skin of said wall panel, said anchor having a substantially flat body, of preferably made of metal, for example stainless steel, characterized in that said system comprises a guide element, called a lug, which has a guide surface for guiding a hoisting rope, such as a strop, said lug being fixed to the body of the anchor 25 extending from one side to the other of the anchor so as to allow said lifting cable to pass under the anchor and on either side of said anchor.

The anchor is in the form of a dish provided with a pod and intended to extend in a plane substantially orthogonal to the planes of the skins. By plate 30 is meant that the anchor is in the form of a plate which describes in space an open surface, that is to say a surface not closed on itself as would be the surface of 'a tube. Said plate may optionally be curved. The use of a plate to form the anchor allows a certain relative displacement of the inner and outer skins of the panel in the direction orthogonal to the plane of said flat, that is to say in a horizontal direction parallel to the skins in vertical configuration of the wall panel, which makes it possible to absorb at least a portion of the dimensional variations and / or the forces experienced by the panel.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, said anchor has a general trapezoidal shape. The trapezoidal shape allows the anchor to have a low height of anchorage, defined by the small base of the trapezium, on the side of the outer skin relative to the anchoring height defined by the large base of the trapezium. which promotes the displacement of the anchor relative to the outer skin without breaking at its zone of attachment to the outer skin when the anchor is biased in vertical flexion. There is thus a greater embedding of the anchor on the side of the inner skin than on the side of the outer skin.

The slightest embedding of the anchor on the side of the outer skin with respect to the greater embedding of the anchor on the side of the opposite inner skin, makes it possible to promote an anchor effect of the anchor at the level of the outer skin, while the rigid connection between the anchor and the inner skin will tend to break first with respect to the ball joint connection between said anchor and the outer skin. Thus, when the anchor, which is engaged on one side with the inner skin and on the other side with the outer skin, is subjected to a bending stress along the vertical axis which exceeds the resistance threshold of the anchoring connection between the anchor and the inner skin, said connection between the anchor and the inner skin breaks without the outer skin being damaged. The ball joint function imparted to the outer anchoring end of the anchor by its low installation height in the outer skin, allows a certain displacement without breaking of the anchor relative to the outer skin, while is the result of the great embedding of the anchor at the level of the inner skin that the rupture will be carried out in a privileged way in the connection zone between the anchor and the inner skin.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the lower part of the anchor has a stall so that, on the side of the inner anchor end of the anchor, said stall is a recessed area with respect to remainder of the inner anchoring end, while, on the outer anchor end of the anchor end, said off-hook forms an area protruding from the rest of the outer anchoring end.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the anchor is provided at each of its anchoring ends with a plurality of rods, preferably made of metal, for example stainless steel, intended to be embedded in the corresponding concrete skin, so as to improve the distribution and distribution of the forces to which the panel is subjected.

Preferably, at least two of the rods extend at least in part substantially vertically and then move away from each other forming between them a non-zero angle, preferably of the order of 30 °.

Said rods allow a good recovery and a good distribution of the 25 mechanical forces exerted on the panels, in particular during their handling. The rods make it possible to diffuse the forces in the panel. The arrangement of the rods, and in particular the angle formed between the rods and with respect to the anchor, makes it possible to optimize the distribution of forces in the corresponding panel. According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the lug is formed by a curved element which passes under the lower edge of the anchor in the vertical state of said panel, the opposite ends of said lug being respectively welded to the opposite faces of said lug. said anchor.

The lug is bent so that these free ends intended to be welded to opposite sides of the anchor extend, before attachment to the anchor, facing and close to each other.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the lug is formed by a curved element and said cable guiding surface, preferably a groove, is formed on the outer face of said lug.

Thus, the groove is formed on the face of the pod opposite to that facing the anchor, which allows to easily pass the strop along the throat under the anchor and on both sides of the anchor while providing a guiding surface without sharp edge due to the curvature of the pod. The sides of the throat can guide the strop and prevent it from escaping the throat.

The fact that the lug is formed by a simple curved element having an external groove facilitates the design of the connection system.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, one of the songs of the anchor, called the lower edge, which connects the two opposite anchor ends of the anchor, has a notch for positioning the pod. Said notch makes it possible to precisely position the lug and makes it possible to fix the lug reliably on the anchor, the central portion of the lug being engaged at least partially in the notch.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, said lug is a curved elongated element which has a U-shaped cross-section.

The main curvature of the lug which corresponds to the curvature of the central portion of said lug, has a center of curvature located on the side of the anchor plate while the U formed by the cross section of the lug is open on the opposite side to the plate, that is to say opposite to the center of curvature of the main curvature of the pod.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the orthogonal projection of the inner anchoring end of the anchor, in a projection plane parallel to the plane in which the mean line of the cable guide surface extends, defines a line, or lines, whose length, or cumulative length, is greater than the length, or cumulative length, of the line, or lines, defined by the orthogonal projection of the outer anchor end anchor in said projection plane.

The greater the length of said projectile of one end of the anchor, the greater the corresponding embedding bond is, and the more this connection will tend to break under the effect of a vertical bending force applied to the anchor. anchor, in comparison with the opposite end of the anchor whose orthogonal projectile is of smaller length and which will thus be able to move more easily without rupture with respect to the skin to which it is linked.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the lug is closer to the inner anchoring end than to the outer anchoring end.

Such positioning of the lug makes it possible to take account of the bulk of the layer of thermal insulation applied to the inner face of the outer skin.

The invention also relates to a wall panel comprising an inner concrete skin and an outer concrete skin parallel and extending facing one another, and a connection system between the two skins, characterized in that said linking system is as described above.

The invention also relates to a wall panel as described above, characterized in that, when, in the vertical state of the wall panel, the anchor is biased in vertical flexion at its end end. external anchorage, the connection zone between the inner skin and the inner anchor end of the anchor is more fragile than the connection zone between the external anchoring end of the anchor and the outer concrete skin.

In other words, the zone of connection between the inner skin and the inner anchoring end of the anchor is able to break before breaking the connection zone between the outer anchoring end of the anchor and the anchor. external concrete skin, so as to limit the risk of rupture at the connection zone between the outer anchor end of the anchor and the outer concrete skin. Such a design of the wall panel makes it possible to limit the risk of occurrence of disorder in the outer skin during handling of the panel.

This favors the appearance of disorder on the side of the inner skin rather than on the side of the outer skin. In fact, once the panel is erected vertically at the desired location, concrete is poured between the inner skin and the layer of thermal insulation which covers the outer skin. Said concrete pouring makes it possible to form the core, or sail, of the wall panel and thus to fill any possible disorder resulting from a break in the connection zone between the anchor and the inner skin. Thus, in the event of a break in the side of the inner skin, the structure formed by the wall panel is not degraded permanently.

Conversely, if the disorder appeared on the side of the outer concrete skin, as happens with the panels of the state of the art, it would be very difficult to make up for this disorder since said outer skin is coated with said layer. thermal insulation.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the body of said anchor is formed by a plate, preferably of metal, for example stainless steel, which extends in a plane substantially orthogonal to the average plane of each concrete skin.

The design of the anchor in the form of a plate allows the skins of the panel to move slightly relative to each other, especially in a direction orthogonal to the middle plane of the plate, which allows some dilation of the skins with respect to each other. In the case where the plate is curved, said substantially orthogonal plane in which the plate extends corresponds to the average plane of the plate.

The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a panel according to the invention, comprising an inner skin; and an outer skin connected together by an anchor provided with a lifting lug, the skins being shown in transparency to show the rods which are equipped with the anchor ends of the anchor; FIG. 2 is a view of the panel of FIG. 1, the skins being represented in solid view and a lifting cable guided by the pod having passed under the anchor, the outer skin being coated with an insulating layer; partially represented thermal; - Figure 3 is a view of the anchor of Figure 1 provided with recovery rods of effort, but without lug; - Figure 4 is a perspective view from above of the anchor of Figure 3 provided with a pod; FIG. 5 is a view of the orthogonal projection of the inner anchoring end of the anchor of FIG. 1 on the middle plane of the inner skin; FIG. 6 is a view of the orthogonal projection of the outer anchoring end of the anchor of FIG. 1 on the mean plane of the outer skin.

A wall panel according to the invention is illustrated more particularly in Figures 1 and 2. Said wall panel comprises an inner concrete skin 2 and an outer concrete skin 3. Each concrete skin is in the form of a reinforced concrete plate, of thickness for example of the order of 7 cm. In the example of Figure 1, the reinforcement of concrete skins has not been shown for better legibility of the figure. Similarly, said skins 2, 3 are generally interconnected by connectors which have not been shown.

Said concrete skins 2, 3 extend in parallel and facing one another. A connecting element 1 between the two concrete skins 2, 3, called anchors, makes it possible to bond the two concrete skins 2, 3 together while keeping them apart from one another. Said anchor 1 has an end 12, said inner anchor end, bonded to the inner concrete skin 2 and an opposite end, said external anchoring end 13, bonded to the outer concrete skin 3. In particular, the anchor 1 The inner anchor end 12 is embedded in the inner concrete skin 2 and the outer anchor end 13 is embedded in the outer concrete skin 3.

The outer concrete skin 3 is coated on the side of its inner face, facing the inner concrete skin 2, with a thermal insulation layer 10, such as a polystyrene panel. Such a panel is shown partially in FIG.

By outer skin is thus meant the concrete skin of the wall panel which is intended to be oriented on the outer side of the construction as opposed to the inner skin which is intended to be oriented towards the interior of the construction. The outer skin is also that which is coated on the inner side of said panel of the thermal insulation layer 10. Said inner skin is devoid of insulating layer on the inside of the panel. The free space between the inner skin and the thermal insulation layer which covers the inner surface of the outer skin is intended to be filled with concrete to form the core or web of the panel.

When, in the vertical state of the wall panel, the anchor 1 is biased in vertical flexion at its outer anchoring end 13, the connection zone between the inner skin 2 and the inner anchoring end 12 anchor 1 is more brittle at break than the connection zone between the outer anchoring end 13 of the anchor and the outer concrete skin 3. Thus, when, as detailed below, the handling of the panel generates a vertical bending force F on the anchor, down, of value greater than the threshold value that can take up the connection zone between the outer skin 3 and the anchor 1, said connecting zone between the inner skin 2 and the anchor 1 breaks before the connection zone between the outer skin 3 and the anchor 1 is broken.

The panel according to the invention thus makes it possible to guide the appearance of disorder at the level of the inner skin and in particular to privilege a possible rupture of connection between anchor and skin, on the side of the inner skin, in case of solicitation of the skin. anchor by vertical bending beyond a given threshold value.

Of course it is the concrete of the inner skin which deteriorates when the corresponding connection zone between the anchor and the inner skin breaks and not the anchor itself.

A zone of fragility, that is to say a zone sensitive to rupture, is thus created in the connection zone between the anchor and the inner skin. Pouring the concrete to form the core or veil of the panel being effected between the inner skin and the insulating layer which covers the inner face of the outer skin, said casting makes it possible to repair any disorder appeared on said inner skin resulting from a break in the connection zone between anchor and inner skin. This fragility of the connection zone between the anchor 1 and the inner skin 2 is reflected by the fact that the orthogonal projection of the inner anchoring end 12 of the anchor 1 in the middle plane of the skin of the inner concrete 2 (see Fig. 5), defines a line, or lines, whose length, or cumulative length, is greater than the length, or cumulative length, of the line, or lines, defined by the projected orthogonal outer anchor end 13 of the anchor 1 in the mean plane of said outer concrete skin 3 (see Figure 6). Said lines may be straight, broken or curved, and their length reflects the embedding capacity of the corresponding end of the anchor.

The said orthogonal projection of one end of the anchor corresponds to the length of the drop shadow of said anchor end on the corresponding skin or of the impact in the mean plane of the corresponding skin of said end of the anchor. anchor taken in said skin.

Advantageously, during the design of the panel, the inner skin 2 is cast after the outer skin 3, which again makes it possible to favor the brittle fracture on the side of the inner skin 2.

As detailed below, said or each anchor 1 also makes it possible to provide a lifting function.

The vertical bending force experienced by the anchor results from a vertical displacement of the outer skin 3 relative to the inner skin 2 (which is considered as blocked). Such displacement of the outer skin relative to the inner skin corresponds to shearing of the panel.

The inner and outer skins are in fact subjected to vertical shear stress when lifting the panel due to the weight of each skin and the decentering of the lifting zone of the panel by relative to the center of gravity of the panel. The lifting area of the panel corresponds to the area of the anchor which takes the effort of a hoisting rope 9, called strop, passed under and on either side of the anchor to lift said panel. As detailed below, in the example illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, this lifting zone is formed by a lug 4 which defines a guiding surface 40 of the strop 9.

The lifting zone of the panel being closer to the inner skin 2 than the outer skin 3 so as to take account of the bulk of the insulating layer 10, the center of gravity of the panel is located between the lifting zone of the panel and the outer skin 3 so that the anchor will tend to rotate clockwise in a given frame for which the inner skin 2 is located on the left and the outer skin 3 is located on the right.

In the example illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, the body of said anchor 1 is formed by a plate, for example stainless steel, which extends in a plane substantially orthogonal to the average plane of each concrete skin 2, 3. In the erected state of the panel, said anchor plate extends in a vertical plane orthogonal to the middle plane of each skin.

Advantageously, said anchor 1 has a general trapezoidal shape. The small base of the trapezium forms the outer anchoring end of the anchor caught in the outer skin, and the large base of said trapezoid forms the inner anchoring end of the anchor taken in the inner skin.

The anchor may have a shape other than trapezoidal. In general, the anchor is asymmetrical with respect to the average plane of the panel, that is to say with respect to the average plane of the panel. In particular, the anchor 1 has an anchoring height on the inner skin side 2 which is greater than that on the side of the outer skin 3. The trapezoidal shape makes it possible to reduce the height of the metal of the anchor taken in the outer skin, while preserving a sufficient height of metal taken in the inner skin.

The lower part of the anchor 1 further has a hook so that, on the side of the inner anchoring end 12 of the anchor, said hook-off forms a recessed area 122 relative to the remainder 121 of the anchor inner anchoring end 2, while, on the side of the outer anchoring end 13 of the anchor, said hook-out forms a projecting zone 132 with respect to the remainder 131 of the outer anchoring end 13.

As recalled above, during handling, the panel is subjected to a vertical shear force of the outer skin 3 relative to the inner skin 2, which is reflected on the anchor 1 by a vertical bending force F at the outer anchor end of the anchor caught in the outer skin.

As mentioned above, when the panel is handled, the anchor will tend to rotate clockwise for a reference configuration in which, as illustrated in the figures, the inner skin 2 is on the left and the outer skin 3 is on the left. right. As a reminder, concrete works poorly in traction unlike a metal plate, and conversely the concrete works well in compression unlike said metal plate.

Concrete working well in compression, it is possible to limit the surface of the anchor taken in concrete at the concrete areas that will be subjected to compressive forces. As a result, in the lower part 122 of the inner anchoring end 12 of the plate formed by the anchor, it is possible to reduce the metal surface taken in the inner skin 2. In fact, when the panel is handled as explained above, the lower portion 122 of the inner anchor end 12 of the anchor will exert a compressive force on the inner skin 2. Similarly, the surface of the upper portion 131 of the inner end anchoring outside the anchor 1 can be reduced.

Conversely, the concrete working poorly in traction, it retains sufficient surfaces for parts of the anchor taken in the parts of the concrete that will be subjected to tensile forces, such as the upper portion 121 of the inner anchor end anchor and the lower portion 132 of the outer anchor end of the anchor.

In the example illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, the anchor, formed by a plate, is provided with a guide element 4, called a lug, which defines a guide surface 40 for the passage of a hoisting cable. 9, called strop, under the anchor.

In the example illustrated more particularly in FIG. 3, the body of the anchor has, at its lower edge, a notch 14 which makes it possible to position said lug 4 which extends from one face to the other of the plate passing through said notch. Said notch 14 makes it possible to position the lug 4 along the anchor, between the two skins.

Said notch 14 is rounded so as to match the rounded shape 20 complementary to the curved central portion of the lug 4 which is opposite said notch 14, which makes it possible to offer a good maintenance of the lug 4 relative to the anchor 1.

The pod is advantageously metal. The pod 4 makes it possible to pass a rope, also called strop, on either side of the anchor and from below said anchor 1, by applying lug 4. Such a lug fixed on the anchor allows using the strop 9, lift the panel at said lug 4 which equips the anchor 1, pulling 30 on the two strands of the strop 9 which extend on either side anchor under said anchor (see Figure 2). Advantageously, the lug 4 is provided with a throat 40 for passing the strop which extends as the rest of the lug on either side of the anchor passing under the body of the anchor. Preferably, the curved passage groove is open towards the outside of the terminal, that is to say on the opposite side to the main center of curvature of the terminal or the opposite side to the anchor. Preferably, the opposite ends of the pod are welded to opposite sides of the anchor.

In the example illustrated in the figures, at each anchor end 12, 13 of the anchor, several rods 6 extend orthogonally to said anchor 1 and are preferably welded to said anchor 1. Some pass through the anchor 1. anchor 1. Several other rods 5 are welded to said anchor 1 extending at least partially in a plane parallel to the median plane of the anchor 1. Part of these rods is fixed on one side of the anchor and a other part on the opposite side, and extend upward or downward respectively of the panels. Said rods 5 distributed on either side of the anchor extend upwards or downwards respectively, forming between them over at least a part of their length an angle preferably of the order of 30.degree. optimize the distribution of forces inside the panel.

We can proceed to the establishment of a wall panel as described above in the following manner. With the aid of at least one strop 9 passed in the groove 40 of the pod 4 which is provided with the anchor which is taken at its ends in two concrete skins 2, 3 of a panel, said lift wall panel to position it vertically at the desired location of the construction to be done. Concrete is poured into the space defined between the inner concrete skin 2 and the thermal insulation layer 10 which covers the inner face of the outer concrete skin 3. Thus, if the lifting of the panel has generated a break in the connection zone between the anchor 1 and the inner concrete panel 2, said rupture zone is filled by the concrete poured between said concrete skins 2, 3.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, but the skilled person will be able to make any variant within his mind.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Linking and lifting aid system for a wall panel, said system comprising a connecting element, called an anchor (1), having an end (12), called an inner anchoring end, capable of being bonded to a skin of inner concrete (2) of a wall panel and an opposite end, said outer anchoring end (13), adapted to be bonded to an outer concrete skin (3) of said wall panel, said anchor (1) having a substantially flat body, preferably made of metal, for example stainless steel, characterized in that said system comprises a guiding element (4), called a lug, which has a guide surface (40) for guiding a cable of lifting (9), such as a strop, said pod (4) being fixed to the body of the anchor (1) extending from one side to the other of the anchor so as to allow to pass said lifting cable (9) under the anchor and on either side of said anchor. 2. Connection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the orthogonal projection of the inner anchoring end (12) of the anchor (1), in a plane of projection parallel to the plane in which extends the average line of the cable guide surface (40), defines a line, or lines, whose length, or cumulative length, is greater than the length, or cumulative length, of the line, or lines defined by the orthogonal projection of the outer anchoring end (13) of the anchor (4) in said projection plane. 25 3. Connecting system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said anchor (1) has a generally trapezoidal shape. 4. Connecting system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower part of the anchor (1) has a hook so that, on the side of the inner anchoring end (12) of the anchor, said unhooked forms a recessed area (122) with respect to the remainder (121) of the inner anchor end (12), while on the outer anchor end (13) side anchor, said off-hook forms a projecting zone (132) relative to the remainder (131) of the outer anchoring end (13). 5. Connecting system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lug (4) is formed by a curved element which passes under the lower edge of the anchor in the vertical state of said panel, the opposite ends of said lug (4) being respectively welded to opposite faces of said anchor (1). 6. Connecting system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lug (4) is formed by a curved element and said cable guide surface (40), preferably a groove, is formed on the outer face of said pod. 7. Connecting system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the songs of the anchor (1), called lower edge, which connects the two anchoring ends (12, 13) opposite the anchor, has a notch (14) for positioning the lug (4). 20 8. Connecting system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lug (4) is closer to the inner anchoring end (12) than the outer anchoring end (13). 25 9. Connecting system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor (1) is provided at each of its anchoring ends (12, 13) with a plurality of rods (5, 6), preferably of metal, for example stainless steel, intended to be embedded in the corresponding concrete skin (2, 3), so as to improve the distribution and distribution of the forces to which the panel is subjected. 10. Wall panel comprising an inner concrete skin (2) and an outer concrete skin (3) parallel and extending facing one another, and a connecting system between the two skins (2, 3 ), characterized in that said connecting system is in accordance with one of the preceding claims.