FR2941986A1 - PREFABRICATED MONOBLOCK PANEL FOR WALL CONSTRUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a prefabricated monobloc panel (100) for the construction of a wall. A prefabricated monoblock panel (100) made of concrete for the construction of a wall comprises a support base (2) having a bearing surface (3) intended to be placed on the ground and at least one opposite surface ( 4) from which extends vertically a wall (5). Said support base (3) extends on either side of said wall (5), said wall (5) having two opposite faces (6, 7). Such a prefabricated monobloc panel (100) has at least one of these two opposite faces which comprises a facing (8). It is chosen from plaster, paint, architectural clothing, wood, bricks, stones, metal and / or plants.

Description

The present invention relates to a prefabricated monobloc panel for wall construction and to a set of prefabricated one-piece panels assembled together to form a wall. For the purposes of the present invention, it is understood by wall any type of substantially vertical structure of thickness and variable height and high for a certain length to enclose or separate spaces. For example, a fence wall, a partition wall, a decorative wall or a green wall. In a traditional way, structures such as fence walls are made on site. Their realization is often long and complex, requiring first of all to carry out an earthwork, then to prepare a base and to pour a sole. On this sole is then carried out a recovery and elevation of masonry (stones, bricks, rubble, etc. ..) Or a rise by formwork and implementation of concrete. Subsequently, a siding can be reported. The on-site construction of a wall and its future qualities depend on the weather conditions. These can for example considerably lengthen the time and therefore the manufacturing costs of the work. In addition, the quality of the concrete strongly depends on the climatic conditions encountered during its manufacture and drying. Finally, nuisances caused to the neighborhood increase with the duration of intervention. There are prefabricated elements to quickly build storage tanks or silage. For example, the patent application FR 2 158 863 describes prefabricated elements for the tanks for storing fodder. Such prefabricated elements are however not intended for the manufacture of a fence wall and do not have a suitable aesthetic appearance. Moreover, the handling and assembly of such prefabricated elements is not easy. Finally, such elements do not allow to build a wall equipped with non-visible technical sleeves to preserve its aesthetics. In general, the present invention aims to remedy all or part of the various disadvantages mentioned above. To this end, the present invention relates to a prefabricated monobloc concrete panel intended for the construction of a wall, comprising a support base having a bearing surface intended to be placed on the ground and at least one opposite surface. from which extends a wall vertically, said support base extending on either side of said wall, said wall having two opposite faces, characterized in that at least one of the two opposite faces comprises a siding. Thus, a prefabricated monobloc panel according to the present invention makes it possible to erect a wall, freestanding thanks to its bearing surface, provided with a siding for aesthetic purposes, quickly and simply, without requiring the production of a sole or elevation work on the site of implantation. The wall thus constructed may be for example a fence wall. In addition, the presence of a support base makes it possible to limit or prohibit any possible capillary rise from the ground which is likely to harm the facing. In addition, the prefabricated monoblock panel according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the duration of a construction site of a wall constituted by such panels, in comparison with the duration of construction of a conventional wall.

The reduction of the duration of a construction site makes it possible, among other advantages, to reduce the costs and to increase the safety of the workers working on the construction of a wall by means of prefabricated monobloc panels according to the invention. A prefabricated monobloc panel according to the invention can be made in the factory, where the manufacture and drying of the concrete can be controlled. This can optimize the qualities and properties of the prefabricated monobloc panel: thus each prefabricated monobloc panel can meet reproducible quality criteria. Finally, a customer choosing to build a wall from prefabricated monobloc panels according to the invention can directly view the factory siding he wants. In one embodiment of the invention, the facing is selected from plaster, paint, architectural clothing, wood, bricks, stones, metal and / or plants. Preferably, the facing is selected from plaster, wood, bricks, stones, and / or metal. In one embodiment of the invention, the two opposite faces of the wall are connected by transverse flanges and an inner recess is formed between the two opposite faces and opens on at least one of the transverse flanges.

In one embodiment of the invention, the two opposite faces of the wall are connected by transverse flanges and an inner recess is provided between the two opposite faces and opens on at least the support surface. the invention, the two opposite faces of the wall are connected by transverse flanges and an inner recess is formed between the two opposite faces and opens on at least the surface of the wall opposite the bearing surface. An interior recess reduces the amount of concrete required for the manufacture of said panel: this brings a decrease in the mass of said prefabricated monobloc panel to facilitate its handling and its implementation. The inner recess also reduces costs. Furthermore, an inner recess allows, for example, the introduction of inserts in said prefabricated monobloc panel such as carpentry or electricity. More particularly, when the recess opens on the two transverse flanges, it allows the passage of ducts. In this case, the recess can facilitate the passage of ducts, whether for electrical networks for the installation of lighting or electrical system, or for water supply networks for implementation point of water or sprinkler system, or any other system requiring water or energy. In one embodiment of the invention, the inner recess may comprise a filler material, in particular polystyrene. When the recess opens in the upper part, that is to say on the surface of the wall opposite to the bearing surface, the recess can be advantageously filled with substratum for the cultivation of plants. Such a recess can still be used for water recovery. In one embodiment of the invention, the inner recess opens on the bearing surface. In one embodiment of the invention, a longitudinal lower groove for the passage of at least one technical sheath is provided over the entire length of the bearing surface. In one embodiment of the invention, said transverse flanges are provided with assembly means for coupling prefabricated monoblock panels contiguously. Advantageously then, the assembly means comprise at least one protrusion and / or a groove of substantially the same cross-section in order to form joints between two prefabricated monobloc panels, for example, without adding cement or concrete, the wall thus constituted. being then removable. In one embodiment of the invention, the assembly means comprise at least one groove disposed on each transverse flange, designed to allow mechanical assembly by insertion of a profile. Thus, it is possible to make mechanical assemblies of two prefabricated monobloc panels according to the invention by the insertion of a profile in the grooves on the contiguous transverse flanges of each assembled prefabricated monobloc panels. Such an assembly makes it possible to limit the strumming of assembled monobloc prefabricated panels. In one embodiment of the invention, the groove and / or the projection extend over the entire height of the prefabricated monobloc panel. Thus, a prefabricated monobloc panel assembly makes it possible to construct a dismountable wall. Each prefabricated monobloc panel according to the invention is removable by lifting, which allows easy maintenance and / or maintenance of prefabricated monobloc panels constituting the wall. In one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the transverse flanges is provided with an inclined wall making it possible to assemble two prefabricated monobloc panels so that the two prefabricated monobloc panels are not coplanar. In one embodiment of the invention, a prefabricated monoblock panel further comprises handling means. Advantageously then, the handling means comprise transverse grooves parallel to each other and formed in the support base to allow lifting of said prefabricated monobloc panel using a handling fork. Also advantageously, the handling means comprise at least one mounting sleeve of a lifting hook or a lifting hook disposed on the upper part of the wall opposite to the support base. Advantageously, the handling means comprise at least two sleeves for fixing a lifting hook or two lifting hooks arranged on the upper part of the wall opposite to the support base. In one embodiment of the invention, a longitudinal upper groove is formed in the upper part of the wall to allow the laying of a canopy.

The invention will be better understood from the detailed description which is set out below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view passing through a fixing sleeve of a lifting hook of FIG. a first prefabricated monobloc panel according to the present invention; 2 shows a front view of a second prefabricated one-piece panel according to the present invention; FIG. 3 represents a top view of a third one-piece prefabricated panel according to the present invention; FIG. 4 represents a detailed view of the assembly. FIG. two prefabricated monobloc panels shown in Figure 3; 5 shows a top view of a fourth prefabricated one-piece panel according to the present invention; FIGS. 6a and 6b respectively show a cross-sectional view and a top view of a fifth prefabricated monobloc panel according to the present invention; FIGS. 7a and 7b respectively show a cross-sectional view passing through a clamping sleeve of a lifting hook and a top view of a sixth prefabricated monoblock panel according to the present invention. A first prefabricated monoblock panel 100 of concrete, as shown in FIG. 1, comprises a support base 2 having a bearing surface 3 intended to be placed on the ground and an opposite surface 4 from which extends vertically a wall 5. The support base 2 extends on both sides of the wall 5 which has two opposite faces 6, 7. At least one face 7 has a facing 8 reported for aesthetic purposes on all or part of the face 7. The facing 8 is, for example, made of plaster, paint, wood element, bricks and / or stones. The facing 8 may be reported, for example, by gluing, coating, inlay or any other method depending on the nature of the facing 8 chosen. The prefabricated monobloc panel 100 comprises an inner recess 9a filled, for example, with polystyrene 9b between the faces 6, 7 which opens on one of the two transverse flanges 10, 11 which connect the opposite faces 6, 7. This inner recess 9a allows the passage of inserts such as ducts for example. Such an inner recess 9a reduces the mass of the prefabricated monoblock panel 100, which facilitates in particular its handling. The prefabricated monobloc panel 100 may also be provided with a longitudinal lower groove 12 formed in the bearing surface 3, along the entire length of said panel 100. Such a longitudinal lower groove 12 also allows the passage of ducts. A recess 13 in the wall 5 may be provided to facilitate the holding of the facing 8. A second prefabricated monobloc panel 200 may be provided with handling means which are shown for example in Figure 2. In the following description, and in order to simplify the reading, similar elements or common to the various prefabricated monobloc panels can keep the same numbering. Transverse grooves 14, 15 may be provided in the base 2 with a width and a spacing adapted for the use of a handling fork to facilitate the movement and storage of the prefabricated monoblock panel 200. Sockets of fixing a lifting hook 16 may also be inserted in the upper part of the wall 200 to facilitate the lifting of the prefabricated monoblock panel 200, especially when it is placed in the place of construction of the wall. According to a third embodiment of the invention, represented in FIG. 3, a prefabricated monobloc panel 300 differs from the second prefabricated monobloc panel 200 in that its transverse flanges 10, 11 comprise inclined walls 18, 19 making it possible to assemble two prefabricated one-piece panels 300 such that said panels are not coplanar and form a non-zero angle α. The third prefabricated monoblock panel 300 also differs in that, alternatively, lifting hooks 17, shown in FIG. 3, are directly sealed in the upper part of the wall 5. In FIG. 4 which represents a detail view of the assembly of two prefabricated monobloc panels 300, the assembly means consist of at least one groove 20 on each prefabricated monobloc panel 300, each groove 20 having substantially the same section.

The prefabricated monobloc panels 300 to be assembled are positioned so that the two grooves 20 are placed opposite one another. A profile 23 can then be inserted into the space created by these two grooves 20 to perform a mechanical assembly of said prefabricated monobloc panels 300. The profile 23 is preferably made of a material inert with corrosion. The insertion of a profile 23 makes it possible to quickly assemble and limit the strumming between the prefabricated monoblock panels 300. In a fourth embodiment of the invention, shown in FIG. 5, the transverse flanges 10, 11 are substantially flat walls provided with assembly means such as for example the groove 10 and the projection 21 which extend over the entire height of the prefabricated monobloc panel 400. The groove 20 and the projection 21 are substantially of the same section and can perform a joint assembly to contiguously assemble several prefabricated monobloc panels 400 to build a wall. According to a fifth embodiment of the invention, shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, a prefabricated one-piece panel 500 comprises an interior recess 9a filled with polystyrene 9b, for example, as filling material, between the faces 6, 7 which opens on the bearing surface 3 and also on a surface 24 of the wall opposite the bearing surface 3. This inner recess 9a extending over the entire height of the wall 5 makes it possible to considerably reduce the mass of the one-piece panel 500 prefabricated according to the invention. This inner recess 9a can, when the prefabricated monobloc panel 500 is in place, for example to accommodate soil for the cultivation of plants intended to form a part of the facing 8. In order to reinforce the structure of the prefabricated monobloc panel 500, chainings vertical 25 may be formed between the two faces 6, 7 opposite, as shown in Figure 6b. Such vertical splices 25 may extend over all or part of the height of the wall 5. According to a sixth embodiment of the invention, shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b, a prefabricated monobloc panel 600 comprises an internal recess 9a. filled with polystyrene 9b, for example, as filling material, between the faces 6, 7 which opens on the bearing surface 3. Finally, a longitudinal upper groove 22 may be provided in the upper part of the wall 5, on the opposite face to the bearing surface 35 3, as is the case for example the fourth prefabricated monobloc panel 400, to position a canopy on this panel.

Whatever the embodiment of the invention concerning the transverse flanges, a prefabricated monobloc panel 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 may be, for example, provided with a groove 20 on one of the transverse flanges and a projection 21 on the other transverse flange. Alternatively a prefabricated monobloc panel 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 may comprise two projections 21 or two grooves 20, as shown in Figure 3. Such assembly means allow to remove or introduce a panel prefabricated monoblock 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 in a wall by vertical translation by means for example lifting hooks 17, without dismantling the entire wall. Thus, each prefabricated monobloc panel 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 constituting a wall can be removable. Thus, the prefabricated monoblock panel 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 makes it possible to assemble a fencing wall provided with cladding 8 while avoiding the constraints due to on-site construction. The prefabricated monoblock panel 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 makes it possible to construct a removable wall, each panel being removable, with a considerably reduced construction time compared to a conventional wall. The prefabricated monoblock panel 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 also makes it possible to equate a wall with inserts housed in the interior recesses 9 provided. Of course, the examples of embodiments mentioned above are not limiting in nature and other details and improvements can be made to the prefabricated monobloc panel according to the invention, without departing from the scope of the invention where other forms of prefabricated monoblock panel can be realized.

Claims (12)

REVENDICATIONS1. Prefabricated monobloc panel (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600) made of concrete for wall construction, comprising a support base (2) having a bearing surface (3) to be placed on the ground and at least one opposite surface (4) from which extends vertically a wall (5), said support base (2) extending on either side of said wall (5), said wall (5) having two opposite faces (6, 7), characterized in that at least one of the two opposite faces (6, 7) comprises a facing (8). 2. prefabricated monoblock panel (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600) according to claim 1, characterized in that the facing (8) is selected from plaster, paint, architectural clothing, wood , bricks, stones, metal and / or plants. 3. Prefabricated monobloc panel (100, 500, 600) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two opposite faces (6, 7) of the wall (8) are connected by transverse flanges (10, 11) and in that an inner recess (9a) is provided between the two opposite faces (6, 7) and opens on at least one of the transverse flanges (10, 11). Prefabricated monoblock panel (100, 500, 600) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two opposite faces (6, 7) of the wall (8) are connected by transverse flanges (10, 11) and in that an inner recess (9a) is provided between the two opposite faces (6, 7) and opens on at least the bearing surface (3). 5. Prefabricated monoblock panel (100, 500) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the two opposite faces (6, 7) of the wall (8) are connected by transverse flanges (10, 11). and in that an inner recess (9a) is provided between the two opposite faces (6, 7) and opens on at least the surface of the opposite wall (24) to the bearing surface (3). 6. prefabricated monobloc panel (100, 500, 600) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a longitudinal lower groove (12) for the passage of at least one technical sheath is provided over the entire length of the bearing surface (3). 7. prefabricated monobloc panel (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it further comprises handling means (14, 15, 16, 17 ). 10 8. prefabricated monobloc panel (200, 300, 400, 500, 600) according to claim 7, characterized in that the handling means comprise transverse grooves (14, 15) parallel to each other and arranged in the support base ( 2) allowing the lifting of said prefabricated monobloc panel (200, 300, 400, 500, 600) using a fork 15 handling. 9. prefabricated monobloc panel (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the handling means comprise at least one sleeve for fixing a lifting hook (16). or a lifting hook (17) arranged on the upper part of the wall (5) opposite to the support base (2). Prefabricated monoblock panel (300, 400, 500, 600) according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that said transverse flanges (10, 11) are provided with connecting means (20, 21) for coupling prefabricated monoblock panels (300, 400, 500, 600) contiguously. 11. prefabricated monoblock panel (300, 400, 500, 600) according to claim 10, characterized in that the assembly means comprise at least one projection (21) and / or a groove (20) of substantially the same section so to perform assemblies by bouvetage between two prefabricated monobloc panels (300, 400, 500, 600). 35 12. prefabricated monoblock panel (500, 600) according to claim 10, characterized in that the assembly means comprise at least one groove (20) disposed on each transverse flange (10, 11), designed to allow an assembly mechanical insertion of a profile (23).