FR2828220A1 - Multiple insulation material especially for roofing comprises heat absorbing reinforcing, reflective and impermeable layers - Google Patents

Abstract

The insulation material consists of a layer of a black tarpaulin-type material e.g. incorporating a barium sulfate filler; a reinforcing layer of plastic mesh; a metal film layer e.g. of aluminum. The material incorporates additional layers of bubble film and an internal surface layer of animal fibers e.g. wool. It can also include a metal mesh layer to act as a Faraday cage.

Description

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The present invention relates to an insulation complex not only against cold and heat, but also a complex capable of protecting the occupants against radiation and fields both electrical and electromagnetic and more generally against all vibrational energies. Insulators known as thin reflective insulators are now well known. These so-called thin reflective insulators have the main defect to fade over time and to see their surface lose their reflective quality because of the deposits of dust and dirt inevitable in a building.

These thin reflective insulators always have inside white separators, such as polyethylene foams or polyester wadding. The thin reflective insulations generally encountered are composed of either a foam with a thickness of 5 to 8 mm coated on each side with a reflective film, or with one or two thicknesses of bubble films coated on one of their faces. a reflective film, or two polyester wadding of 50 to! 50 g / mn sandwiched between three reflective films. These thin reflective insulators are characterized by the fact that all their strata are similar, which reduces their field of action and efficiency against waves of different wavelengths and frequencies.

These insulators tarnish and are not very effective against the heat under tiles.

The complex according to the present invention overcomes these disadvantages.

In a version particularly intended for the insulation and protection of roofs and attics, it comprises according to a first characteristic on at least one of its two faces and preferably on its face intended to be directed outwards, for example towards the cover, a material presenting the totally absorbing / emitting thermo-radiative characteristics of a wall called a black body. We know that a black body totally absorbs radiation and re-emits it completely.

The complex according to the present invention therefore has on its face intended to be seen from the outside a black film which will absorb the entirety of the radiation it will receive and therefore re-emit. Submitted to solar radiation for example, this black wall will heat up by absorbing the incident radiation.

When this black wall is placed under the tile, it will be heated by the back of the tile having absorbed solar radiation. This black wall will become hot.

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 Thus the air situated between the tile and this black wall will be heated not only by the underside of the tile, but also by the upper part of this black wall situated opposite the tile; the air will expand and by chimney effect will tend to rise under the roof and will go out through the roof tiles.

 It will thus establish a circulation of air that will enter cold down the roof to go out warmed to the top of the roof.

 This circulation of air will drain, eliminate to the outside, to the atmosphere, much of the heat absorbed by the tile; it will be as much heat that will be less and whose insulation will not have to oppose the transmission.

sera sali, plus il sera noir, plus il absorbera la chaleur, plus il la drainera vers l'extérieur, mieux il fonctionnera. The complex according to the present invention has a black surface towards the outside, that is to say towards the direction from which can come the soils and the stains as well as the humidity. Thus, the more complex of the present invention

will be dirty, the darker it is, the more heat it absorbs, the more it will drain it out, the better it will work.

 We know that in a storm, roofs are often deteriorated by the wind. In order to resist this weakness, the complex according to the present invention will see this black surface which will effect the sheet reinforced by a solid grid consisting of stretched plastic filaments. The grids generally used for the reinforcement sheets have square meshes so that the resistance is the same in the direction of the length and in the direction of the width.

 According to the present invention, the grids of the complex will not be square but rectangular; the pitch of these meshes being narrower and closer in the direction of the length rather than in the direction of the width. Indeed, when a roof covering is subjected to a force, the fastening points of the sheet are always located on the sides of the width of the sheet and almost never at the ends of the length.

 It is therefore necessary that the filaments are closer together in the direction of the length, so that there are more filaments in the direction of the width than in the direction of the length.

 In a version particularly adapted to reinforcement of the insulation, the grid will not be woven; the filaments will simply be deposited side by side and will be kept together only because they will be contained under an extrusion of plastics.

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 Thus, in case of effort and tear initiation, the first unfixed filament will slide to join the second which will join the third which will join the fourth to constitute a kind of cable resistant enough to stop the tear.

 All thermal insulation for building sub-roofs has a vapor barrier on one side only. However, all those who know the roof well know that moisture comes from outside rather than from inside. Thus, the thermal insulation performance of mineral fiber-based insulation is very often degraded by the presence of moisture from the climate: fog, condensation, infiltration of droplets due to wind, etc. The typical thin reflective insulators are simply composed of a metallized plastic film which metallized plastic film is not completely moisture-proof. Thus, the metallization which acts as a reflector is rapidly degraded.

 The usual complexes encountered on the market do not have a waterproof surface and are therefore very quickly impregnated, thus degraded by moisture.

 The complex according to the present invention comprises it, directed outward, a solid metal film so completely sealed. This film may be, for example, an aluminum film with a thickness of 5 to 50 microns. This aluminum film, it will be completely waterproof against moisture and water vapor transfer. This aluminum film will also have the advantage of constituting an anti-emitter reflector of thermal radiation. It will also constitute an electrical conductor that, when connected to the earth, will shield the electromagnetic waves and eliminate all the static electricity and magnetic energy that could have been absorbed by the charges have been incorporated in the outer black coating; the choice of these fillers being easy for those skilled in the art, for example barium sulfate.

 In order not to emit towards the back the energy that would have been absorbed, this aluminum film will be left nature. It will thus constitute a reflector / anti-emitter of the thermal radiation towards the interior.

 In recent years, we have witnessed the proliferation and proliferation of radio transmitters of all types: mobile phone transmitters, television transmitters, aircraft guide transmitters, radar, etc. without wagering on all the power lines of energy transport. This metallic film and the charge that

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trouvera au-dessus absorbera ces ondes qui seront ensuite envoyées à la terre en reliant simplement le film métallique à un conducteur électrique relié à la terre lui- même.

Above will absorb these waves, which will then be sent to the ground by simply connecting the metal film to an electrical conductor connected to the earth itself.

 To promote the transmission of energy by radiation, this reflective film will be followed by a spacer ensuring the minimum possible contact: a bubble film is a good solution.

 This bubble film will separate from the previous metal film, which metal film constitutes a shield against electromagnetic waves and will be separated from the rest of the complex by the bubble film.

 In order to force all the energy to be transmitted by radiation and to suppress transmissions by conductions due to contact, it will be possible to have in front of the reflectors kinds of separators which will comprise two thicknesses of bubble films, which bubble films will be arranged in the back. back so they will have the tips of their bubbles pointing outward. Thus, the reflector will be in contact only with the tip of the bubbles of the spacer, as well as the separator. Thus, the direct, conductive contact of the non-reflective body will not be done with the reflector.

 The thin reflective insulants known now have on their other side a glossy film. This glossy film tarnishes and when in contact with a building wall loses all its reflective characteristics. To compensate for this defect, the insulating complex according to the invention comprises on its other face facing the interior of the building an iso reflective layer also composed of a black material absorbing / re-emitting radiation and that this absorbent material is preferably fibrous, that it resists crushing. This material will have a thickness between 3 and 15 mm so as not to be the place of an inner convection. This material must be dense enough to absorb the noise and thus act as sound insulation.

 All the insulating materials currently used against noise are based on mineral fibers or textile waste; these materials thus have no protection characteristics against electromagnetic and thermal waves.

 The present invention claims the idea of using a material based on natural wool of sheep. Indeed, sheep wool has the characteristic

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 unique to retain a lot of water. Now, as we know, water is a black body that absorbs infrared radiation, particularly microwaves.

 So this natural sheep wool mattress will make absorbent screen against all the microwaves of mobile phones. The waves thus absorbed will be stopped by the natural sheep wool mattress. As sheep's wool contains moisture, these waves will spread throughout the entire surface of the insulation and can be directed to the earth through the screens described more hay absorbers.

 The present invention also claims the novel idea of using sheep wool inside buildings because of the surface thermal effect provided by sheep's wool. For reasons not yet explained, it turns out that when you put on a wall a thick wool of sheep, the human body has a feeling of warmth and comfort much more important than if we put on the same wall a thickness of any other insulating material.

 We have not found explanations for this phenomenon in the literature; that's why we want to patent the innovation.

 The sheep wool mattress that will be on the inside also offers the advantage of regulating the interior humidity of the room by being able to absorb a large quantity of water and therefore re-dropping it when the relative humidity is important, and therefore the re-drop when the humidity of the room decreases.

 However, the disadvantage of this sheep wool is that it is always wet. It must be separated from the rest of the complex.

 For this, the present patent claims two concepts: the sheep wool blanket will be separated from the rest of the complex by two bubble film thicknesses hydrophobic material so that, as explained above, the energy is transmitted by radiation to the next reflective film, the bubble film making separator from sheep wool, will prevent the reflector is in contact with a moist material, which will have the effect of tarnishing quickly.

 In case the bubble film is not enough, it is very simple to follow it with a reflective film simple or reinforced completely waterproof, not only moisture, but especially water vapor.

 The bubble film allows the energy not to be transmitted by contact with the reflector, but requires the energy to be transmitted by radiation.

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couche à la suivante. In an advantageous arrangement, the iso-reflective complex bears on the face which will be directed towards the interior of the building one or more separating layers composed of soft fibrous or cellular elastic materials and sound absorbers absorbing phonic; these materials being preferably heterogeneous of a

layer to the next.

 These layers will be in a preferred embodiment composed of a sheep wool mattress mixed with other fibers.

 For reasons not yet determined but claimed by the present patent, much greater results are obtained when the fibers are mixed together using sheep wool fibers of different breeds, colors, lengths and adding to this mattress. sheep wool other fibers to enhance the mechanical characteristics.

 These other fibers can be either bulk mixed with sheep's wool or constituted in the form of a nonwoven web on which the sheep wool mattress will be fixed.

 In an interesting version, the sheep wool blanket will be mixed with fibers or metal particles, for example ferrous metal fibers which ferrous metal fibers will absorb the magnetic fields and disperse them, so they will dilute on a large surface for later lead them to earth thanks to the presence of metal films and grids mentioned below.

 The present complex will therefore have behind this fiber mat a solid and continuous metal film; this massive film will absorb all the electrical energy, electromagnetic present, it will disperse on the entire surface and then lead to the earth; it will thus constitute a completely watertight absorber shield, the waves will be on the one hand absorbed by the fiber mat and on the other hand reflected, reverberated by the reflector.

 The combination of animal fibers such as sheep wool and a metal film has the advantage of ensuring the regulation of humidity, therefore of the ambient temperature, to ensure electrical, electrostatic and electromagnetic neutrality since the charges, Fields and potential voltages will be absorbed by the fibers on the one hand and eliminated by the metallized or metal-tight films combined in order to absorb the waves.

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 To also absorb all the electromagnetic waves, it will be possible to incorporate in the complex according to the present invention a light metal mesh capable of constituting a faraday cage. This light mesh will be grounded at the same time as the field absorber component previously described.

 The insulating fiber mattresses generally encountered on the market are composed of fibers spread in the direction of the length of the mattress and fixed together by gluing. This technique has the disadvantage that the fibers are perpendicular to the thermal field line. Thus, the surfaces capable of transmitting and re-emitting the radiation are perpendicular to the positive pole, to the negative pole.

 The present invention claims the idea of ensuring that the fibers are arranged parallel to the thermal field.

 Thus, the energy is not absorbed from one fiber to another, since the fibers first have their section rather than their surface.

 This feature is particularly interesting when adding metal fibers in the textile web; a kind of faraday cage is thus formed which absorbs the waves remarkably well when it is connected to the earth at the same time as the other components.

 In a particularly effective version, this fiber mat is associated with a conductive metal film of electric and electromagnetic loads and voltages, itself completely waterproof to water vapor.

 Thus, on the interior side of the house, there is a very high moisture content material and therefore a very strong absorber of infrared and microwaves. This mat is in contact with a conductive metal film that sends all charges to the ground, and on the other side, we have a material that is not loaded. There is thus a difference in potential and magnetoelectric characteristics, the opposition of which is particularly favorable to the reduction of heat transfer and thus to the improvement of the insulating characteristics.

 In order to be able to have better contact between the different elements, it is advantageous to add on the metal film a thickness of a fusible material and to incorporate in the different mattresses fusible fibers; these fibers will melt together and will, when they are heated, weld everything.

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 In order to obtain an effective thermal insulator, the complex will always comprise at least one and preferably several pairs of layers; the layer being composed of a non-emitting reflective film such as a metallized plastic film on one or both sides or a metal film. Preferably a non-tear plastic material such as cast polypropylene will be used. Behind this reflective film will be disposed an opaque and absorbent separator, thus emitting radiation such as infrared radiation, this principle being the basis of this patent.

 The thin thermal insulators that exist on the market are all composed of a succession of similar materials. For reasons not yet determined, it is found that we have much better heat transfer reduction results if these separators are totally different in their radia-thermal properties from one layer to the next.

 We think that this must come from the increase of the differential energy found between the two faces of the non-emitting reflecting films enclosing the separator concerned, although this explanation finds no scientific justification in the field of thermal.

 The advantage of using heterogeneous layers is that one obtains optimum and complementary characteristics of elasticities and mechanical resilience from one layer to another. This makes it possible to have, particularly in the context of roof insulation, a material with extremely varied and extensive mechanical characteristics: this makes it possible to follow the geometrical irregularities of the framework while being able to ensure the tightness to the current of air and to moisture.

 In some applications of building insulation, it is particularly interesting to use as stripper layers composed of bubble films. Indeed, bubble films have the advantage of having a very small contact surface and to have a large presence of air where there are no bubbles. This presence of air forces the energy to be transmitted by radiation.

It is advantageous to have disposed bubbles whose height will be of the order of 2 to
8 mm and a diameter of 3 to 20 mm. The smaller the bubbles, the more the contact points will be reduced.

 In the idea of having the most heterogeneous layers possible from one to the other, the present invention claims the idea of having a layer of films to

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 bubbles, a reflective film, a sheep wool stratum, a bubble film, a reflective film. Thus, the energy will be very dispersed in its transmission and will arrive the least perpendicularly possible on the reflective surface.

 Knowing that it is much easier for a projectile to ricochet on a surface when the angle of incidence is not perpendicular, it is necessary to ensure that the waves strike the reflector at the most oblique angle possible.

 For this, it was found that we had better results if using embossed reflective films taking all precautions to ensure that these benefits are not lost by the use of coating modifying the thermoradiative characteristics of the films considered.

 In order to disperse the radiation as much as possible, the present invention therefore claims an isoreflective complex which will be characterized in that it comprises a succession of layers; each stratum being the most heterogeneous and as different as possible from the previous stratum, as well from the point of view of composition of the material as surface state, hence emissivity.

 Thus, in the complex envisaged, it will also be possible to use one or more thicknesses of wadding of synthetic fibers, such as wadding of polyester or polypropylene fibers; the advantage of these polyester and polypropylene fibers is that they are weldable and elastic.

 In the context of obtaining a complex, with the most different layers possible, the insulation, according to the present invention, may comprise a thickness of natural fibers such as sheep wool fibers, vegetable fibers, animal or pure mixed with d other fibers as heterogeneous as possible with regard to their material, structure, color, diameter, composition, orientation, etc.

 One of the essential claims of this patent is that the isoreflective complex will comprise a first layer directed towards the interior of the building and which will be made of sheep wool of a sufficient thickness to be able not only to absorb and restore enough water vapor so to regulate the relative humidity of the interior of the house, but especially to fight against the impression of wetness always observed with the mineral insulators.

 The thickness of sheep's wool will be sufficient to stop the electromagnetic radiation from the wavelengths absorbed by the water, particularly the

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 microwave; this thickness being from 3 to 20 mm, preferably in two layers rather than in one.

 For roof insulation, roofers want to be able to have the insulation itself directly in contact with a bearing surface, for example of the vault or plasterboard. Under these conditions of installation, the reflective insulation as presented until now, saw the advantages of the reflective side lost since this side of the reflective surface was in direct contact with a physical medium, so that all the energy was transmitted By conduction To compensate for this defect and improve existing insulators on the market, the present invention claims the idea of adding in front of the reflective face directed inwardly a spacer transparent to the radiation. This spacer will consist of one and preferably two thicknesses of bubble films. These bubble films will be arranged back to back so that they will have the points of their bubbles directed on the one hand towards the reflective film, on the other hand towards the inner support such as the volige.

 Thus, the reflector will be in contact only with the tips of the bubbles of the spacer and the insulator itself and the mechanical support such as the plasterboard or the plenum will only be in contact with the tip of the spacer bubbles. .

 In this way, the energy will be transmitted by radiation between the wall of the building (volige, placo) and the first reflective film. The direct, conductive contact of the support with the film will be reduced to a minimum, which will force the energy to be transmitted by radiation.

 In the so-called thin reflective insulation complexes existing on the market, the fibers are arranged parallel to the length of the material and fixing them by gluing. The present invention claims the idea of fixing the fibers together by needling. To this end, frizzy fibers are used which the needling will easily fix between them by entanglement. This technique offers the advantage of not using any glue that ages over time and especially soaks up with the humidity time, which makes them lose all their thermal insulation characteristics.

 There is thus a material of a very long life, which is not the case with glued materials.

 Natural fibers such as sheep wool fibers have the major disadvantage of not being fusible and not weldable.

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 To overcome this disadvantage, we claim the idea of mixing fusible plastic fibers with non-fusible sheep wool fibers.

 Thus, when they are heated, the fusible fibers can melt, make the connection from one to the other through the non-fusible natural fibers. It will thus be possible to fix by welding between them the different layers of the present invention.

 The addition of weldable fibers will participate in the notion that the fibrous separators should be composed of fibers of radiathermic characteristics most heterogeneous heterogeneous possible, particularly heterogeneous in the field of their radiative characteristics.

 A particularly interesting embodiment consists in fixing the fibers together by needling. Thus, the fibers are oriented parallel in the direction of energy exchanges. The exchange of energy from one fiber to the other is reduced to a minimum; the thermal and radiative induction is minimal when the sensor is parallel to the field lines. The exchanges by radiation, induction and radiation are proportional to the exchange surfaces, so that the result of this fixing system is to reduce the radiative energy exchange surfaces situated opposite the direction of the displacement of energies by potential difference. Light rays, waves that propagate from one fiber to another hit the surface with an angle of incidence greater than the critical angle. Thus, all the light is reflected by the insulation without being absorbed.

 One of the disadvantages of using natural fibers such as sheep wool is that these fibers can be damaged by rodents and other pests. The solution claimed by the present invention consists in incorporating, during the needling, the powders and repellant or destructive materials of rodents and other predators such as borax powders extracted from plants and other harmful products against pests, but not dangerous for humans. .

 The present invention, however, claims the novel idea of incorporating in one or more of the internal components natural repellent or destructive materials of insects such as powder, cedar sawdust and other natural products repellent against insects such as mites. , mites and others.

 It could also incorporate borax and other well-known mineral salts

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 for their repellent effect on pests, although these bodies have never been added to existing insulators on the market.

 The fact that the complex is composed of a succession of different strata all separated makes that, even if the first part is degraded, the other parts will be protected; components inside the different layers behind metallic films or metallized films will not be able to evaporate.

 In order to obtain a heterogeneity and a seal from one layer to the next largest one possible, the present invention claims the idea of constituting a thermal insulation complex which will be composed of one or more layers of smooth or corrugated cellular material. , hydrophobic and opaque crush resistant and that these layers will be different from one to the next.

Thus, for example, there will be a layer composed of a reflective film followed for example by a bubble film, followed by another reflective film, followed by a film of cellular material followed by another reflector, followed by a another layer of bubble film; the separators being different from one to the other.

 All of the thin reflective insulators are stitched together; each stitch thus has a perforation allowing the passage of moisture and constituting a thermal bridge.

 The present invention claims the idea of assembling the components by seams or seams and that these welds and seams will be continuous on the lateral ends, only, so only on the sides.

 The present invention claims the idea that there will be no welds or attachment points in the center of the complex so as to suppress thermal bridging. We will thus have a total lateral seal.

l'énergie à ultrasons. Pour cela, la présente invention revendique l'idée de transmettre l'énergie ultrasons non seulement par des molettes actives comme on le fait actuellement, mais aussi par des enclumes devenues elles aussi actives grâce à une synergie des fréquences et des longueurs d'ondes induites de telle sorte que l'écho de l'enclume est parfaitement adaptée non seulement à la molette active, mais aussi aux caractéristiques physiques inductives des matériaux du complexe à souder. Ainsi, la soudure est identique, symétrique des deux côtés du complexe. In order to be able to perform the welding, it will be possible to use any means of melting the material, for example thermal energy, but preferably

ultrasound energy. For this, the present invention claims the idea of transmitting ultrasonic energy not only by active knobs as is currently done, but also by anvils become also active through a synergy of frequencies and wavelengths induced so that the echo of the anvil is perfectly adapted not only to the active wheel, but also to the inductive physical characteristics of the materials of the complex to be welded. Thus, the weld is identical, symmetrical on both sides of the complex.

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 If it is often unnecessary to add expensive fuse fibers throughout the material. The present invention claims the idea of adding to the weld site ribbons of fusible materials that act as glue. These ribbons added just at the spot of the weld can also be used as sealing reinforcers.

 Almost all the thin reflective insulation currently available on the market has very poor fire resistance. The only solution found is to use halogen-loaded fibers that are particularly toxic to humans, because halogens smother the fire, but they have the disastrous characteristic of asphyxiating humans. To obtain a fire-resistant complex, the present invention claims the idea of having on each side a succession of optionally embossed or crumpled metal films. Indeed, for reasons not yet explained, we see that if we have a succession of reflective metal films such as aluminum one after the other, the thermal energy is not transmitted and anyway much less when we have a succession of crumpled films.

 Thus we compose a complex that will consist of one or more metal films preferably crumpled, a completely non-combustible sheepskin thickness, one or more metal films preferably crumpled, a non-combustible sheep wool layer, etc. . These materials are fixed together by a small ribbon of fusible material preferably fireproof added on the sides. Since the fuse material is melted and enclosed in metal foils, it has no tendency to burn.

 One of the weaknesses of existing thermal insulators on the market is their inability to provide airtightness.

 The present invention claims the idea of adding a velcro self-gripping on each side of the complex. One side of the complex will receive the velvet velcro part, the other side will receive the hook part.

 At the installation, the roofing craftsman will only have to fix together the velvet part of the Velcro on the hook part of the velcro of the other side. We will have the seal.

 One of the difficulties of thin reflective insulation is that when the products are superimposed, one has an extra thickness. The present invention claims the idea of shifting half of the components to the right, the other half of the components to the left.

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 Thus, during the implementation, we will have superposition of half the thickness of the complex on the other half of the thicknesses.

 One of the major weaknesses of all the insulants on the market is that they are destroyed by rodents. The present invention claims the idea of incorporating a wire mesh that will be able to withstand the teeth of rodents such as mice and rats. The fence will prohibit these pests to come to lodge in the insulating materials they are destroying as currently. It goes without saying that this fence can also serve as a faraday cage.

 In a particularly elaborate version, the present thermal insulation complex will be composed in the following manner starting from the surface intended to be directed towards the cover towards the interior of the building: a black reinforced film comprising a sheet of aluminum of 5 to 30 microns in which the shiny side is directed inwards and the black surface is directed towards the cover; a bubble film whose bubbles have a height of about 3 mm and are directed towards the inner reflective surface of the aluminum foil; a reflective film metallic or metallized preferably on both sides; a thickness of wadding of elastic fibers with a thickness of approximately 8 to 15 mm; a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides; two sheets of closed cell foam with a thickness of about 0.5 to 2 mm or a bubble film; a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides; a sheet of bubble film with a thickness of 2 to 6 mm; a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides; a thickness of wadding of elastic fibers of about 8 to 15 mm, preferably sheep wool; a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides; a thickness of wadding elastic fibers absorbing noises and sounds. The components are joined to each other by welding or stitching and offset by half from 3 to 5 cm on the right and half by 3 to 5 cm to the left.

 This same complex specifically intended to isolate and protect against the noise of the roofs of buildings is formed starting from the surface directed to the covers by a black film as described above; a bubble film as previously described; a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides; a felt thickness of heterogeneous elastic fibers of about - to 15 mm; a thickness of material loaded so as to be as dense as possible, loaded with bentonite for example and all successions of materials intended not only to absorb but especially reflect and not transmit the noise.

Claims (30)

1 / Isolating isoreflective complex thus reducing all transfers of discomforts such as transfers of non-stationary, non-unidirectional, non-constant, non-permanent, preferably radiative or thermal energies against radiative transmissions, particularly those thermal generators of discomfort such as the cold but especially against summer heat, bl protector + absorber against transmissions of magnetic and electromagnetic waves particularly against waves from transmissions and emissions of energy and signals used by humans, moisture transfer, transfers of drafts, and all transfers of causes of discomforts such as change of state, of discomforts such as present in the living quarters among others, insulation especially intended for roofs place of exchanges mainly by radiations, complex intended professional roofers as well as DIYers, characterized in that it has a succession of pairs of strata

 isoreflective waves, each pair of iso-reflective layers being different from the previous one and composed of three thermos bottle effect reflectors surrounding two different separators (triple glazing effect); each separator being itself characterized by the fact that it is the most absorbing therefore the most emitter of all radiation = radiation, among other thermal, phonic, electromagnetic. The claimed isoreflective complex comprises a succession of heterogeneous strata, each stratum combining at least twice the thermos bottle effect associated with the triple glazing effect, the characteristics and components of these layers being adapted to the wavelengths and frequencies in question. presence and intended uses.  2 / insulation isoreflective complex according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises on at least one of its two faces a totally waterproof black material and preferably on its face intended to be directed outwards, for example to the cover , a material having fully absorbing / emitting thermoradiative characteristics, this face being constituted, by way of example, of a special covering characterized in that this covering> 11 comprises a face of black matter directed towards the outside and towards the roof , thus absorbing completely re-emitting not only the thermal radiation, but also the other electromagnetic waves <Desc / Clms Page number 16>  thanks to the specific charges which have been incorporated into it (for example, without limitation, barium sulphate), that this sheet is reinforced by a solid grid itself constituted by unwelded filaments of stretched plastic material such as polyethylene, the grid of which meshes are of an aperture of 5 to 15 mm, that these meshes are not square but rectangular and that the pitch of these meshes is narrower and closer in the direction of the length than in the direction of the width,> 3 / this sheet comprises, directed towards the interior of the complex a solid metal film reflector // anti-emitter such as aluminum intended to ensure total sealing against liquid water, moisture and vapor transfer d water, b / to constitute a reflector // anti-emitter of the thermal radiation, c / to constitute an electric conductor which being connected to the earth will act shield against the electromagnetic waves and will eliminate to the te destroy all static electricity by eliminating any phenomenon of magnetism and electromagnetic fields retention;) "4 / that this tarpaulin is weather-resistant, is totally moisture-proof and makes it possible to obtain watertightness as well air from the inside only to wind introductions from outside.  3 / insulating isoreflective complex according to the preceding and following claims characterized in that the cover is followed by a thickness of transparent plastic bubble films or any other material constituting a separator space transparent to thermal radiation insulating against the energy transmitted by contact // conduction, and characterized in that the bubble peaks of these bubble films are directed towards the reflector and other surfaces so as to force the energy to be transmitted by radiation while reducing the physical contacts necessary for the support function and therefore the conduction.  4 / insulation isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that it comprises on the other of its faces which will be directed towards the interior of the building an isoreflective layer composed of> a / material black or dark absorbing It emits the various radiations and vibratory energies transmitted in the form of waves and that this absorbing material is fibrous, flexible and resists crushing; <Desc / Clms Page number 17>  this material will have a thickness between 3 and 15 mm approximately, will be of a composition absorbing the waves (noise, thermal and electromagnetic radiations) and will present at the same time the insulating characteristics, particularly thermoradiatives of the wool of sheep,

 > b / of a flexible, hydrophobic, infrared-transparent separator such as a thickness of bubble films,> c / of a reflective film, preferably on its sides, simple or reinforced completely sealed to not only to moisture but especially to water vapor and hydrophobic.  5 / insulation isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that it comprises from the face to be directed towards the interior of the building one or more separating layers composed of flexible materials, elastic, fibrous or alveolar, insulating and absorbent waves, preferably heterogeneous from one layer to the next, these layers being able to be a mattress of mineral wool, synthetic wool or natural wool such as sheep, pure wool or mixed with other fibers of different characteristics, sheep wool fibers themselves being of different structures, race, color, which sheep wool or other fibers mattress can be reinforced by other fibers and by a veil mechanical fiber support by nonwoven example.  6 / Isoreflective and absorbent complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that it comprises at least one thickness of a mixture of natural or synthetic textile fibers and absorbent fiber and metal particles and driving the energy magnetic and electromagnetic fields, for example ferrous metal fibers, mixed with fibers constituting a black body to radiation.  7 / insulation isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that it comprises on the face to be directed towards the interior of the building a wall completely watertight, this wall being composed for example a reflective metal film. The reflective face of the metal itself can be protected from corrosion by a varnish preferably at a hydrophobic plastic film thickness. <Desc / Clms Page number 18>  8 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the component intended to be located closest to the interior of the dwelling consists of a layer of non-hydrophobic fibers such as in particular, natural wools such as sheep's wool, animal fibers and others more particularly intended for the regulation of humidities and ambient temperatures and for electrical, electrostatic and electromagnetic neutrality since the charges, fields and voltages, if any, will be eliminated by metallized films. or sealed metal and non-hydrophobic materials put in associations to absorb them. In a particular presentation the complex will have on its face intended to be directed towards the interior of the house a sufficient thickness of electric field absorber material such as sheep wool, itself in close contact with a metal wall isoreflector which will be connected to the earth by any known means or to be developed. This wall may be a magnetic metal sheet treated against rust or corrosion.  9 / insulation complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that to constitute both an absorber of electric and electromagnetic fields and a shield against the external fields, one of the component is a wire mesh Lightweight constituting a Faraday cage and that the absorber components and shields can be grounded.  Insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the components is composed of needled textile fibers in which fibers or metal particles have been mixed so as to constitute a shielding. light metal component constituting a kind of Faraday cage and that this multilayer supplemented additional component to the above may be grounded possibly together with the field absorber component claimed in the preceding claims.  ! Insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component intended to be situated just before the last non-hydrophobic component of claim 5 is a conductive surface of the electric and electromagnetic charges and voltages, totally waterproof to water vapor such as solid metal film as <Desc / Clms Page number 19>  aluminum or the like, simple or preferably complexed with a film of fusible and weldable material.  121 Isoreflective insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding claims or claims characterized in that it comprises at least one and preferably several layers, each stratum being characterized in that it comprises:> 11 at least two reflective films / a non-emitter composed of a reflective metallic or metallized surface optionally reinforced with a support film, an opaque and absorbent separator emitting infrared radiation and this separator being made of mineral wool.  13 / insulation complex according to the preceding claims characterized in that the separator materials are very different in their radiathermic properties from one layer to another so as to increase the differential energies found between the two faces of the reflector films 1 non-emitter enclosing the separator concerned, these separators further having optimum mechanical elasticity and resilience characteristics from one layer to another so as to meet the requirements of complete insulation for application on roofs, under frames or each once you have difficult installation or use conditions.

141 Insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that one or more layers will be composed of bubble films whose height will be of the order of 0.8 to 10 mm, the diameter of which will be between 2 and 20 mm and the spacing between the bubbles will be the largest possible for example greater than 8 mm so as to reduce the contact points, and that these bubble films will consist of either natural plastics transparent to radiation or charged materials or black dyes that absorb radiative radiation, whether flame retardant or electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.  1 SI Insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that one or more layers will be composed of a n black separator from the point of view of radiation for example fibrous material such as sheep wool or glass wool and that this black separator will be doubled on at least one of its faces with a spacer transparent to radiation such as one and preferably two thicknesses of bubble films <Desc / Clms Page number 20>  which bubble films will be arranged back to back so that they will have the tips of their bubbles directed outward. Thus the reflector will be in contact only with the tip of the bubbles of the spacer as well as the separator. Thus the direct, conductive contact of the black body such as hydrophilic wool, glass wool with the reflector wall of the film will be minimized. The arrangement of this spacer will force the energy to be transmitted by radiation. Moreover, thanks to this spacer, the reflectors will not only be protected from abrasion, abrupt with the mineral wools, but above all from the inevitable corrosion, partly because of the chemical composition of the fibers but especially because of the fixing adhesives of the fibers. fibers especially mineral fibers and the inevitable presence of water in a dwelling.  16 / insulation isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that it comprises on its face intended to be oriented towards the interior of the building a reflective film itself preceded by a spacer transparent to radiation such that one and preferably two thicknesses of bubble films which bubble films will be arranged back to back so that they will have the points of their bubbles directed outwards. Thus the reflector will be in contact only with the tip of the spacer bubbles so that if the insulation is itself placed on a support energy will be transmitted by radiation between the support and the first reflecrif film of the insulator. Thus, the direct, conductive contact of the support with the reflector film will be reduced to a minimum, which will force the energy to be transmitted by radiation.  1 7 / Insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that at least one of the non-emitting reflective films is made of difficultly tearable material such as polypropylene cast metallized preferably on both sides .  18 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that at least one of the non-emitting reflective films is not smooth but is embossed and that the free surface of the metal is protected from the corrosion by means not modifying the thermoradiative characteristics. <Desc / Clms Page number 21>  19 / Insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that it comprises a succession of layers, each heterogeneous layer being the most different possible from the previous layer.  20 / insulation isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that it optionally comprises at least one layer composed of an iso-reflective film and a thickness of synthetic fibers such as polyester, polypropylene, etc. weldable. the thickness may vary from 3 to 20 mm.  21 / Insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises at least one layer composed of a reflective film and a thickness composed of natural fibers such as sheep wool, vegetable or animal fibers. pure or mixed with the most heterogeneous fibers possible with respect to their materials, structures, colors, diameters, compositions, orientations, etc. and that these fibers are coated in crossed layers of different orientation.  22 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that the natural fibers are sheep wool fibers, and that especially the first layer directed towards the interior of the building will be sheep wool and of sufficient thickness to be able to not only absorb enough water vapor to regulate the humidity inside the house and fight against the impression of wetness always observed with the mineral insulators but above all, in order to stop the electromagnetic radiation from wavelengths absorbed by water, particularly microwaves, this layer of sheep wool will be fixed on a continuous or discontinuous metal surface with a thickness of 5 to 50 microns.  23 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that it will rather use two half-layers of fibers or foams or bubbles rather than a single thickness of the double of the two half-layers. <Desc / Clms Page number 22>  24 / Insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that the fibers are fixed together by mechanical entanglement rather than by sizing, needling being a good solution.  Insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the natural fibers such as sheep wool, vegetable or animal fibers are mixed with fibers of weldable materials.  26 / Insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibrous separators are composed of fibers of the most heterogeneous radiathermic characteristics possible, for example a plural and heterogeneous mixture of fibers of materials, colors, textures of diameters, orientations, different radiative characteristics.  27 / Insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibers of the fibrous components are not fixed together by gluing but on the contrary fixed thereto by thermobonding by addition of a small portion of hot melt fibers, and preferably by mechanical entanglement, such as among other needling. In order to participate in the differential physical and radiative texture of the whole, these fibers will be heterogeneous in all domains: physical, radiative such as color and surface appearance, diameters, composition, material, etc.  28 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that the fibers of the fibrous components, natural or synthetic are not parallel to the roller but instead perpendicular and thus oriented parallel in the direction of exchanges of energies. This arrangement is achieved through needling. Thus the exchange of energies by radiation from one fiber to another is minimized.  The thermal or radiative induction is minimal when the sensor is parallel to the field lines. Exchanges by radiation, inductions, radiation being proportional to the exchange surfaces the present claim aims to reduce the radiative energy exchange surfaces located opposite in the direction of displacement of energies by potential difference. <Desc / Clms Page number 23> The light and radiative rays that propagate from one fiber to the other hit the surface with an angle of incidence greater than the critical angle: the whole of the light, the radiation, the waves, is then reflected by the insulation, without being absorbed.  29 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that the internal components are loaded repellent or destructive rodents, and other predators such as borax powder, plant extracts and other harmful products against harmful but not dangerous for humans.  30 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that the internal components are loaded with natural repellent or insect destructive materials such as powder, cedar sawdust and other products harmful or repellent against insects such as mites, mites and others.  31 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises at least one layer composed of a reflective film and one or more layers of foam material or corrugated hydrophobic and opaque absorbent // emitting infra-red radiation and flexible but resistant to crushing and that these foam layers are composed of foam sheets with an individual thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably different from one layer to the next.  Insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the components are assembled

 between them only the lateral edges, that is to say on the left side and the right side of the length, to the exclusion of any other fixing in the center, and that these fixings are rectilinear, possibly discontinuous, and that these lines of fastening are located as close as possible to the edge.  33 / Insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that the components are assembled together by welding, without any solder or point of attachment in the center of the complex. The weld lines are continuous on the sides to provide lateral sealing of the complex and to reduce thermal bridging and eliminate the risk of introduction of moisture into the complex. <Desc / Clms Page number 24>  34 / insulation complex according to any one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that the welding energies are transmitted not only by active wheels but also anvils also active through a synergy of frequencies and wavelengths induced, so that the echo of the anvil is perfectly adapted not only to the active wheel but to the inductive physical characteristics of the materials of the complex to be welded, and that the weld is identical and symmetrical on both sides of the complex.  35 / insulation isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that to be able to weld the materials a priori non-weldable with each other is added at the place of the weld ribbons of fusible materials that act as glue, these added ribbons that can also be used as reinforcers. sealing.  36 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that to provide the complex with better fire resistance is added on each side a succession of metal films possibly embossed or crumpled.  37 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that to obtain a better seal against infiltration and air leakage of the complex is added a Velcro self-gripping tape. One side of the complex will receive velvet velcro and

 the other side will receive the hook part. At the installation, the roofer will only have to fasten the two parts of the velcro together to obtain watertightness.  38 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that, to avoid the extra thicknesses part of the components is shifted to the right of the complex and the other part to the left.  39 / Insulating complex characterized in that it comprises a wire mesh, for example, which will resist the attacks of rodents such as mice and rats and prohibit these pests to come to lodge in the insulating materials they are currently destroying, this fence can also serve as a faraday cage. <Desc / Clms Page number 25>  40 / insulation isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in an effective version against transmissions of cold and heat under the roofs of buildings, it is constituted, and this starting from the surface intended for be directed to the cover A robust black armored film with aluminum foil from 5 to 30 microns whose black face will be directed towards the cover, and the shiny face will be directed towards the inside of the structure to protect a single or double bubble film according to claim 15, a metallic or metallized reflective film, preferably on its two faces, a thickness of wadding elastic fibers of about 8 to 15 mm, a bubble film according to claim 15 a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides, one or two sheets of closed cell foam each of a thickness from 0.5 to 2 mm,> a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides,> a thickness of fiber wadding> a sheet of bubble film with a thickness of two to eight mm,> a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides,> a thickness of wadding elastic fibers of about 8 to 15 mm, preferably sheep wool> a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides, a thickness of wadding of heterogeneous elastic fibers absorbing noise and sounds.  The components are assembled by welding or stitching and offset by half from 3 to 5 cm to the right and half by 3 to 5 cm to the left.  41 / insulation isoreflective complex against noise according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that, in an effective version against noise transmissions particularly, but not exclusively under the roofs of buildings, it is constituted, and this by leaving from the surface to be directed to the cover> A reinforced black armored film with 5 to 30 micron aluminum foil, the shiny side of which will face inwards and the black face towards the cover. a bubble film whose bubbles have a height of about 3 mm, <Desc / Clms Page number 26>

 a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides a dense felt thickness of heterogeneous elastic fibers of about 8 to 15 mm, a dense material thickness loaded so as to be as dense as possible, loaded with bentonite, for example,

 if necessary a thickness of dense felt of heterogeneous elastic fibers of about 8 to 15 mm, a reflective film metallized preferably on both sides, if necessary a dense material thickness loaded so as to be as dense as possible, loaded of bentonite for example, A wadding thickness of elastic fibers absorbs moisture, noise and sounds and gives a pleasant appearance. Sheep wool is particularly claimed; 42 / insulation isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that, in an effective version against cold and heat transmissions and not propagating the fire from inside the building, it is constituted, and this starting from the surface intended to be directed towards the interior of the building by One or two layers of elastic insulation wool absorbing noise and sound and fire resistant, preferably sheep wool, optionally fixed on a non-combustible support. a reflective film or several metal films possibly reinforced by a non-combustible grid and a fire-resistant coating, metal films optionally in multiple thickness.  > At least one layer of elastic insulating fibers absorbing noise and sound and fire resistant, preferably sheep wool, optionally fixed on a non-combustible support, a metal reflective film optionally reinforced with a non-combustible grid and a coating fire resistant.  A thickness of foam or closed cell film optionally consisting of 2 superimposed sheets each of a thickness of about 0.5 to 1 mm, preferably flame retarded, a reflective film metal or metallized preferably on both sides, At least one stratum consisting of a fiber thickness as described above <Desc / Clms Page number 27>

 - <-. u. . u> reflective film thickness> A reinforced black armored film with 5 to 30 micron aluminum foil, the glossy face of which is directed inwards and the black face directed towards the cover. The components are assembled by welding or seaming and offset half of 3 to 5 cm to the right and half to 3 cm to the left.  43 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in an effective version against cold and heat transmissions more particularly intended for professional roofers, it comprises a black film armed, waterproof and water vapor opaque to radiation by means of a reflective metal film followed by a succession of isoreflective layers composed of 2 reflective films held at a distance either by a black fiber separator from the point of view of radiation mainly from wool fibers animals followed by a distance transparent to the radiations to avoid contact with the following reflector or by a separator of cellular material and that this succession of isoreflective layers ends with a reflective film itself followed by a spacer avoiding the direct contact of the reflector with any solid support such as can be found on the roof 44 / Insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the last component intended to appear inside the house is a simple but preferably multiple thickness of sheep wool fibers possibly fixed on a non-combustible and / or metallic support.  45 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that the fibers of the synthetic wadding used are not bonded with a glue but are thermally bonded which eliminates the tendency of the fibers to absorb water which is a problem. black body and destroys the insulating performance of all synthetic materials 46 / insulating isoreflective complex according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that the fibers of the wadding used are sheep wool which remain insulating even wet and absorb radiation and electromagnetic and electrical fields.