FR2837512A1 - Fixing and assembly systems for thin reflecting insulating complexes single assembly line for fixing components' right side an single assembly line for fixing components' left side - Google Patents

Abstract

The multi-layer insulating complexes comprise a single assembly line for fixing components on their right side and another single line for fixing components on their left side. If need be there is another line at the center. The components are assembled together with the minimum number of fixing points thereby suppressing thermal bridges.

Description

wall thickness using extensions (12).

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DESCRIPTION

  The present invention relates to an improvement on fastening systems and

  for assembling the components of these multilayer thermal insulators.

  The fixing and assembly of these reflective multi-layer thermal insulation complexes are traditionally carried out by means of numerous sinusoidal seam lines, possibly straight, seam lines generally separated by 20 to 30 cm from each other. Some of the multilayer complexes currently available on the market even have on their side two or three seam lines close to each other.

about 20 to 30 mm.

  These seams are carried out using multi-needle machines which have been adjusted to make padding with a step of advance between each stitch.

  tight seam on the order of 2 millimeters.

  This system for assembling components of multilayer insulators together

  has the following major drawbacks.

  Each seam line is a thermal bridge zone on which the insulation characteristics of the complex are almost reduced to nothing due to the complete crushing of the various components of the reflective multi-layer insulators in which the reflectors are crushed by the sewing points of so they

  lose all their reflective and non-emitting characteristics.

  Each seam line is an area where the exterior and interior films are perforated, so that they allow not only moisture, but also

drafts in stormy weather.

  Each seam line is a perforated area that lets the wind through,

  especially when the insulation is installed under the roof.

  Each seam line is a zone of fragility, because each stitch

  corresponds to a tear initiation.

  The principle of fixing / assembling the components of the complexes

  isoreflective according to the invention overcomes this effect.

  According to a first characteristic, it only has one line of stitching for assembling / fixing the components on its right side and only one

  another assembly line / fixing of the components on its left side.

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  The components are thus assembled together t laterally, so that there are the minimum of fixing points; the lateral fixings, one on each side, are essential for the implementation. In some cases, it may be advantageous to put only one seam line in the center, possibly a discontinuous seam line; this considerably increases the capacity to reduce thermal transfers of the complex while eliminating the possibilities of introduction

  humidity inside the complex or the passage of wind through the complex.

  This attachment system also significantly increases the

  mechanical strength characteristics of the complex.

  The best solution, theoretically, is to have only two seams, one on each side. On the other hand, the imperatives of implementation and manufacturing sometimes require the compromise of adding a third line this seam

In the center.

  In addition, in the event of a water leak, water flows over the complex, which is almost

  continuous without being able to pass inside through the holes in the seam.

  Complexes of reflective multi-layer insulation are traditionally open on the sides o the components are exposed to air, weather, so that moisture can penetrate inside the complex and reduce the

thermal characteristics.

  The complex according to the invention overcomes this drawback. For this, the lateral assembly lines are made continuous on the sides so as to provide the lateral seals of the complexes, not only to reduce thermal bridges, but above all to eliminate the risks of moisture being introduced into the complex by the sides. For this, it is sufficient to use on the sides only an assembly system by welding or gluing or any other systems known to the technician. Another way to seal the lateral or even central stitching lines is to have an adhesive tape on these stitching lines. This adhesive tape, preferably metallic or metallized, will eliminate the thermal bridge formed by the crushing by maintaining a mini air space confined between the top of the seam and the adhesive tape stretched straight between the

  two levels before crushing due to sewing.

  Another way to remedy the fact that the components of the complex are exposed to the outside is that the outer films of said complex are more

wider than the other components.

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  Thus, these films protrude on the sides and it is easy to fold them over the side of the complex, wider folded part ensuring the protection of the internal components

of the complex.

  We can also leave the larger films available, so that during installation, the part protruding from the first strip is simply superimposed with the other part from the second strip, which allows the protruding part to ensure complete sealing. against the introduction and leakage of air between the different components. We can thus have complete insulation without leakage and without possibility of introduction

  of air between the strips and this without extra thickness.

  In the complex according to the present invention, the upper film of the complex is wider than the other components and is offset on the right side of the complex, while the outer film of the lower side, which is also wider, is offset on the side. left of the complex, which will make it possible to constitute either an overlap zone,

either a ledge.

  I 5 The external films can also be made to protrude sufficiently, so as to be able at the same time to ensure the connection in order to cut the drafts of a complex to

  the other and protect the internal components, which are narrower than the 10 films.

  Thin reflective insulating complexes are generally composed of

  completely electrically insulating plastic films.

  These complexes are thus charged with static electricity, which represents a particularly unpleasant source of discomfort at certain times, for example by

stormy weather.

  The complex according to the invention overcomes this drawback. It in fact comprises at least one rim conducting electricity; this rim itself being able to comprise, regularly spaced, points allowing the connection

  of the complex to an electrical conductor which can be earthed.

  The fixing / assembly of thin reflective insulators is generally carried out on quilting sewing machines, called PIK-PIK; the pitch of these machines which has been chosen is of the order of 2 millimeters, so as to give a beautiful

  appearance to the padded product, such as anorak, curtains and others.

  The multiplication of perforation holes due to needle holes and sewing increases thermal bridges, increases mechanical fragility, increases

  the passage of the wind through the complex.

  The sewing system according to the invention overcomes this drawback.

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  In fact, the existing machines or machines to be produced are modified or designed so that the pitch of the seam is extended as much as possible depending on the machine and the sewing complex. The cam determining the progress of the product and the spacing between two sewing points is modified as well as all the other components of the machine to succeed in making a sewing pitch, not about 2 millimeters as before, but a stitch stitch whose length

either enter 5 and 15 millimeters.

  All of the thin reflective insulating complexes existing on the market are assembled only by seam lines, which completely crushes the complex to constitute, below each seam line, a zone of weakness, a zone of thermal bridges, a zone of wind penetration, an area

moisture penetration.

  The fixing / assembly system according to the invention overcomes this drawback. Indeed, the fixing / assembly of the various components is no longer constituted by stitching, but on the contrary by flexible or rigid links comprising a) a flexible or rigid head with broad and perpendicular shoulders. The shoulders of said head can optionally be folded parallel along the body. b) a flexible or rigid body,

  c) a base with wide and perpendicular shoulders.

  Thanks to a suitable needle or a perforation system, the complex is perforated, the flexible or rigid body of the fixing system is introduced through the complex and its different thicknesses and introduced into the base. The different components are thus attached to each other; The flexible or rigid body connecting the head and

  the base, each of a diameter sufficient to resist tearing.

  This head, body and base system can be constituted by rivets,

  _metal eyelets, such as tarpaulin eyelets, starry eyelets.

  Plastic assembly parts may be used, but the present invention claims the new idea of connecting the various components

  electrically between them thanks to metallic parts.

  Thus, all of the components can be earthed using an electric wire, itself fixed to one or more of these assembly parts or in the

hole of one of these _illets.

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  The disadvantage of being in the presence of a complex charged with static electricity

  is thus deleted since all of the components are totally earthed.

  Thin reflective insulating complexes existing on the market always consist of a succession of layers all of the same characteristic, for example a succession of metallized films and polyester wadding. This homogeneity in the components has the serious drawback that the components can enter into wave resonance between them from one stratum to another, from one particle to the next. This electromagnetic resonance having as

  disadvantage of facilitating energy transfers.

  l O The complex according to the invention makes it possible to improve the thermal insulation characteristics by reducing the disadvantage of bringing the components into resonance with one another. It is in fact made up for this of a succession of heterogeneous and disparate strata, not only from one stratum to the next, but also heterogeneous as regards the material, the thickness, the particles, the constituents I 5 of each stratum. The main thing is to make the radiative characteristics of each stratum as heterogeneous as possible, so as to disorganize the wave structure of the vibrational energy transmissions with resonance, as well as the

  transmission, absorption, reflection of these energies inside the complex.

  Almost all of the multilayer reflective insulation comprises a succession of all similar products, generally reflective films and

  wadding with significant wadding or separator thicknesses.

  It has been observed that the results obtained by components of the same kind are known to be inferior to the results obtained when the number of components is multiplied and when the components are as heterogeneous as possible in all fields. The multi-layer reflective insulation according to the invention makes it possible to remedy this insufficiency; it includes for this the number of layers adapted o each layer is as heterogeneous as possible, so as to force the energy to pass from the mode

  conductive in radiative mode and vice versa.

  Thin reflective insulation currently existing on the market is generally composed of a succession of metallized films and cotton separators, all of these elements being combustible, so that when this complex is subjected to heating or to the start of a fire, all the layers burn one behind the other. The composition of the thin reflective insulator according to the invention overcomes this serious drawback. The complex according to

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  the invention therefore comprises a first layer of a sacrificial material which, in

  in case of fire, will shield the heat transmission.

  Thin multi-layer reflective complexes currently existing have very poor fire resistance, due to the fact that the external components: 1. Burn,

2. Transmit heat.

  The complex according to the present invention overcomes this drawback.

  We know that in a building, fire can only occur from the inside and

never from the outside.

  I0 For this, the complex according to the invention comprises a first layer disposed towards the interior of the building, which is composed of a non-carbon hydrophilic material such as sheep's wool. In the event of a fire, this layer of sheep wool will not only serve as a regulator of the interior humidity of the dwelling, but

especially of sacrificial separator.

  This sacrificial layer may possibly be preceded by a metallic reflective film. This sacrificial layer will be separated from the other interior layers by a succession of solid metallic reflective films. This succession of non-joined metallic films will reduce radiation transmissions, thus preventing the following components from being heated too quickly. But above all, this succession of metallic films will prevent the arrival of fresh air allowing combustion, thus the interior components are confined in the gases and released during their

  warming in case of fire and can no longer burn.

  The thin reflective insulating multilayer complexes existing on the market, are made of a succession of materials retaining static electricity so that the presence of this insulator determines a particularly uncomfortable climate in the event of a thunderstorm when there is electricity in the air. The complex according to the invention overcomes this drawback, it in fact comprises a first layer of hydrophilic sheep wool, placed inside the building. This sheep's wool is in direct contact with an electrically conductive film, which film will be connected directly to the earth so as to eliminate all electric charges or

  electrostatic, and restore comfort in the living environment.

  Thin reflective insulation on the market has an interior

  succession of layers composed of a reflective film and a separating material.

  In order to ensure that the energy transmits only by radiation, it is advantageous to separate the separating materials from the reflective films so as to allow the latter to receive energy only transmitted by radiation and no longer by conduction. . For this, the complex according to the invention comprises behind or in front of each metallized film, a transparent separator anti-corrosion by humidity. The bubble film based on polyolefin in one or two thicknesses, constitutes a very good separator. Thin reflective insulation on the market generally consists of a succession of metallized plastic films, separated by polyester wadding or by bubble films. These materials are

particularly combustible.

  The complex according to the invention makes it possible to remedy this drawback, it in fact comprises a succession of components all of which are closed between metal films which can be earthed and heat resistant. These metallic films have the effect of eliminating the electronegative charges which develop in the event

  fire, and promote its development and spread.

  When these metallic films are earthed, the chemical combustion reactions do not meet the electronegative charges they need to

the spread of the fire.

  Thin reflective insulation on the market consists of a series of reflective films and separators; these components being interconnected by continuous fixing lines, such as seams or continuous welds. These continuous fixings constitute thermal bridges reducing

  thermal insulation performance of the complex.

  The complex according to the invention overcomes this drawback, for this the components are not interconnected not by continuous fixing lines, but by discontinuous fixing lines such as seams or alternating welds o the components are joined together by fasteners

  isolated from each other.

  One of the great drawbacks of the thin insulators existing on the market and made from wadding is that these wadding is particularly bulky,

  which burdens the cost of transport.

  The present invention claims the idea of pre-compressing these wadding, ensuring their assembly as long as they are pre-compressed, transporting them pre-compressed, which represents a considerable saving in transport, then bringing them back their thickness thanks to a treatment; this treatment can be constituted by the blowing of hot air in the tube constituted by the various components or this treatment which can be obtained by the natural heating of these wadding when they are put in place in the place of their use; for example, in the attic, we know that the roof insulation is always considerably heated in

  summer by the sun or in winter by heating the house.

Claims (2)

  11 Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all heat, energy and discomfort transfers characterized by the fact that they comprise only one line of assemblies, fastenings of the components on their right side and only one other line s fastening assemblies on their left side, and if necessary only one other line   In the center. Or a maximum of 3 assembly-fixing lines for the components.   Thus the components are assembled together by any means with the minimum of   fixing points therefore crushing points therefore thermal bridges.   2 / multilayer insulating complex according to claim 1 characterized in that the assembly lines are or can be made continuous on the sides to provide the side seals of the complex and fa, con to reduce thermal bridges and eliminate the risk of introduction of h um id ity in the complex by the sides.   3 / Multilayer insulating complex according to the preceding and following claims   s characterized in that the outer films of said complex are wider than its   other components and so protrude on the sides.   4 / Multilayer insulating complex according to one or more of the claims   previous or following characterized in that the outer film of one of its faces, film wider than the other components, is offset on the right side of the complex to o constitute a rim while the other outer film also wider is offset on the   left side of the complex to also constitute a ledge.   / Multilayer insulating complex according to one or more of the claims   preceding or following, characterized in that the edge films of claim 4 protruding to the right and to the left of the complex are folded above and below s to close the complex on its sides and thus trap the other components by constituting a barrier lateral protection of the said other narrower components.   6 / Multilayer insulating complex according to one or more of the claims   previous or next characterized in that the stitching is spaced apart   o 5 to 10 mm and in that the sewing threads are treated with water repellency.   7 / Multilayer insulating complex according to one or more of the claims   preceding or following, characterized in that the assembly of the various components is constituted by flexible or rigid links comprising a / a head with broad and perpendicular shoulders, b / a flexible or rigid body, c / a rigid base s with broad shoulders and perpendicular, base whose shoulders can be folded 122/03/2002 / 16:41 / patent 2 and 3 seams + flap + pre-compressed 283751 2   parallel along the body. Thanks to a suitable needle this body can be introduced   through different thicknesses of products and attach them to each other.   8 / Multilayer insulating complex reducing all heat transfer and discomfort, vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energy,   optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims   characterized in that the assembly of the various components is carried out using metal or plastic parts such as rivets, metal eyelets, such as tarpaulin eyelets, star-shaped eyelets, these eyelet rivets being regularly arranged first of all fulfill the assembly function of the components but above all, allow all the components to be brought together electrically by being able to earth them using an electric wire fixed to one or more of these assembly parts or in the one of these _illets.   9 / Multilayer insulating complex reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energy,   s optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims   characterized in that it consists of a succession of heterogeneous and disparate strata not only from one stratum to the next, but also heterogeneous with regard to the thicknesses of each stratum, the constituent particles of each stratum individually, the characters heterogeneous of the components and especially their radiative heterogeneities aiming to suppress the wave resonances from one stratum to another and also from one particle to the next, this so as to disorganize the wave structure of the transmissions of vibrational energies with resonances so   as the transmission, absorption, reflection of these energies.   / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energy,   optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims   characterized in that the heterogeneities are applied to the difference of masses, densities of the components inside a stratum because what counts is the number of times o the mode of energy transmission changes and in particular passes from o conductive mode to radiative mode and vice versa. For this each layer will have a thickness less than 5 mm. The invention relates on the one hand to systems and devices making it possible to fix together the different 11 / multilayer insulating complexes reducing all heat and discomfort transfers, of vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies,   ss optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims   222103/2002 1 16:41 I patent 2 and 3 seams + flap + precompressed, characterized in that the heterogeneities are applied, for better fire resistance unlike the materials of the components of one layer to the next, and characterized in particular in that the first layer is made up of a sacrificial thickness which in the event of fire will shield heat transmission. This sacrificial layer being composed of the association metallic film + non-combustible wadding layer. The wadding separates and in the event of fire gives off anti-combustion gases from the other components and the reflective metal film returns the   thermal radiation and prohibits the arrival of combustion oxygen.   12 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all heat transfer and discomfort, o of vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies,   optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims   characterized in that the last layer placed inside the building is made of a non-carbon hydrophilic material such as sheep's wool and which will serve not only as a regulator of the interior humidity of the dwelling, but above all as a sacrificial separator in the event of a fire, this sacrificial layer being separated from the other layers by an assembly, a succession of solid metallic waterproof reflective films preventing the other components of the complex from being heated too quickly, above all avoiding the arrival of fresh air allowing combustion, these components being confined in their own totally deoxypenated released gases   during their warm-up in the event of fire.   13 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all heat transfers and   discomfort, energy according to one or more of the preceding claims or   following, characterized in that the last layer placed inside the building is made of a hydrophilic material such as sheep's wool and that this layer is in direct contact with an electrically conductive film, which film will be connected to the   earth so as to eliminate all electric or electrostatic charges.   14 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all heat transfers and   discomfort, energy according to one or more of the preceding claims or   following, characterized in that each layer of hydrophilic material such as sheep's wool or a polyester wadding for example is separated from the metallization or from the metal of a reflective film by at least one thickness of bubble film forming a transparent anti-corrosion separator by humidity. The bubble film in one or two thicknesses constitutes a good separator.   / Multilayer insulating complex reducing all heat and discomfort transfers, vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies, 322/03/2002 / 16:41 / patent 2 and 3 seams + flap + pre-compressed   optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims   characterized in that the components are enclosed between metallic films which can be earthed and heat resistant so as to suppress the electronegative charges which develop in the event of fire and promote its development and propagation since the reactions combustion chemicals require   important electronegative fields.   161 Multilayer insulating complex reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, of vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energy,   optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims   o characterized in that the components are interconnected by discontinuous fastening lines such as seams or welds interrupted or assembled between   them simply by point fasteners distant from each other.   17 / Multilayer insulating complex reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, of vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies,   s optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims   characterized in that precompressed wadding is used which is then   regain their thickness thanks to an imposed or natural treatment such as thermal.   18 / Multilayer insulating complex reducing all heat transfer and discomfort, vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energy,   o optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims   characterized in that the stitching or fastening lines are covered by a   adhesive tape which removes part of the thermal bridge due to product crushing.   19 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energy,   s optionally according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in   what they include in the center at least one flexible and compressible material such as for example a wadding type polyester wadding among others and that these complexes also comprise on each side of this compressible and elastic center several layers of cellular materials of a thickness less than 2 mm and preferably 1 mm instead of thicker and therefore less flexible cellular materials, less   conformable, less able to follow the contours of the surfaces to be insulated.