FR2831904A1 - Fixing systems and assembly of multi-layer heat insulating components - Google Patents

Abstract

The fixing system only comprises a single line of assembly fixings for the components on their right side and a single fixing line on their left side. The assembly lines are continuous so as to reduce thermal bridges and eliminate risks of damp introduction into the layers through the sides.

Description

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DESCRIPTIONS
The present invention relates to an improvement on the fastening and assembly systems of the components of its multilayer thermal insulators, particularly thin reflective insulators.

autres d'environ 20 à 30 mm. The fixing and assembly of these reflective multilayer thermal insulation complexes are traditionally carried out by means of numerous sinusoidal stitching lines, possibly straight, stitching lines generally separated by 20 to 30 cm from each other. Some of the multilayer complexes currently available on the market even have on their side two or three lines of seams close together.

others about 20 to 30 mm.

 These seams are made using multi-needle machines which have been adjusted to make padding with a step of advance between each stitch of tight seam of the order of 2 millimeters.

 This system of assembling the components of the multilayer insulators together has the following major drawbacks.

 Each seam line is an area of thermal bridges on which the insulation characteristics of the complex are almost reduced to nothing due to the complete crushing of the various components of the reflective multi-layer insulation in which the reflectors are crushed by dowels so that 'they lose all their reflective and non-emitting characteristics.

 Each seam line is an area where the exterior and interior films are perforated, so that they allow moisture to pass through.

 Each seam line is a perforated area that lets the wind through, especially when the insulation is installed under the roof.

Each seam line is a zone of fragility, because each seam point corresponds to a tear initiation.

The principle of fixing / assembling the components of the isoreflective complexes according to the invention makes it possible to remedy this effect.

 According to a first characteristic, it only has a single assembly / attachment seam line for the components on its right side and a single other assembly / attachment line for the components on its left side.

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 The components are thus assembled together only laterally, so that there is no fixing point in the center of the complex; this considerably increases the capacity to reduce heat transfers from the complex while eliminating the possibility of introducing humidity inside the complex or the passage of wind through the complex.

 This fixing system also considerably increases the mechanical resistance characteristics of the complex.

 In addition, in the event of water leakage, water flows over the complex which is continuous without being able to pass inside through the holes in the seam.

 Multilayer reflective insulation complexes are traditionally open on the sides where the components are exposed to air, weather, so that moisture can penetrate inside the complex and reduce its thermal characteristics.

 The complex according to the invention overcomes this drawback. For this, the lateral assembly lines are made continuous on the sides so as to provide the lateral seals of the complexes, not only to reduce thermal bridges, but above all to eliminate the risks of moisture being introduced into the complex by the sides. For this, it is sufficient to use on the sides only an assembly system by welding or gluing or any other systems known to the technician.

 Another way to remedy the fact that the components of the complex are exposed to the outside consists in that the outer films of said complex are wider than the other components.

 Thus, these films protrude on the sides and it is easy to fold them over the side of the complex, a wider folded part ensuring the protection of the internal components of the complex.

l'autre partie du deuxième lé, ce qui permet à la partie dépassante d'assurer l'étanchéité complète contre les introductions et fuites d'air entre les différents composants. On peut ainsi avoir une isolation complète sans fuite et sans possibilité d'introduction d'air entre les lés et ceci sans surépaisseur. We can also leave the larger films available, so that during installation, the part protruding from the first strip is simply superimposed with

the other part of the second strip, which allows the protruding part to ensure complete sealing against the introduction and leakage of air between the various components. It is thus possible to have complete insulation without leakage and without the possibility of introducing air between the strips and this without excess thickness.

 In the complex according to the present invention, the upper film of the complex is wider than the other components and is offset on the right side of the

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 complex, while the outer film on the lower side, which is also wider, is offset on the left side of the complex, which will make it possible to constitute either an overlap area or a rim.

façon à pouvoir à la fois assurer la liaison pour couper les courants d'air d'u complexe à l'autre et protéger les composants internes, moins larges que lesdits films. You can also make the exterior films protrude enough,

so as to be able to both ensure the connection to cut the air currents from one complex to another and protect the internal components, which are narrower than said films.

 Thin reflective insulating complexes are generally composed of plastic films which are completely electrically insulating.

 These complexes are thus charged with static electricity, which represents a particularly unpleasant source of discomfort in certain times, for example in stormy weather.

 The complex according to the invention makes it possible to remedy this drawback. / 1 in fact comprises at least one electrically conductive rim; this rim can itself include, regularly spaced, points allowing the connection of the complex to an electrical conductor which can be connected to earth.

 The fixing / assembly of thin reflective insulators is generally carried out on quilting sewing machines, called PIK-PIK; the pitch of these machines which has been chosen is of the order of 2 millimeters, so as to give a beautiful appearance to the padded product, such as anorak, bedspread, curtains and others.

 The multiplication of perforation holes due to needle holes and sewing increases thermal bridges, increases mechanical fragility, increases the passage of wind through the complex.

 The sewing system according to the invention overcomes this drawback.

 In fact, the existing machines or machines to be produced are modified or designed so that the pitch of the seam is extended as much as possible depending on the machine and the sewing complex. The cam determining the progress of the product and the spacing between two sewing points is modified as well as all the other components of the machine to succeed in making a sewing pitch, not about 2 millimeters as before, but a stitching whose length is between 5 and 15 millimeters.

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 All the thin reflective insulating complexes existing on the market are assembled only by continuous seam lines, which completely crushes the complex to constitute below each seam line a zone of weakness, a zone of thermal bridges, a zone wind penetration, a humidity penetration zone.

 The fastening / assembly system according to the invention overcomes this drawback. Indeed, the fixing / assembly of the various components is no longer constituted by stitching, but on the contrary by flexible or rigid links comprising: a) a rigid head with broad and perpendicular shoulders. The shoulders of said head can optionally be folded parallel along the body. b) a flexible or rigid body, c) a base with broad and perpendicular shoulders.

 Thanks to a suitable needle or a perforation system, the complex is perforated, the flexible or rigid body of the fixing system is introduced through the complex and its different thicknesses fixed or introduced into the base. The different components are thus attached to each other; The flexible or rigid body connecting the head and the base, each of a diameter sufficient to resist tearing.

 This head, body and base system can be constituted by rivets, metal eyelets, such as tarpaulin eyelets, star eyelets.

Plastic assembly parts can be used, but the present invention claims the new idea of connecting the various components electrically to each other using metal parts.

Thus, all of the components can be earthed using an electric wire, itself fixed to one or more of these assembly parts or in the hole of one of these eyelets.

 The disadvantage of being in the presence of a complex charged with static electricity is thus eliminated since all of the components are totally connected to earth.

 Thin reflective insulating complexes existing on the market always consist of a succession of layers all of the same characteristics, for example a succession of metallized films and polyester wadding.

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 This homogeneity in the components has the serious drawback that the components can enter into wave resonance between them from one stratum to another, from one particle to the next. This electromagnetic resonance having the disadvantage of facilitating energy transfers.

que la transmission, l'absorption, la réflexion de ces énergies a l'intérieur du complexe. The complex according to the invention makes it possible to improve the thermal insulation characteristics by reducing the disadvantage of bringing the components into resonance with one another. It is in fact made up for this of a succession of heterogeneous and disparate strata, not only from one stratum to the next, but also heterogeneous as regards the material, the thickness, the particles, the constituents of each stratum. The main thing is to make the radiative characteristics of each stratum as heterogeneous as possible, so as to disorganize the wave structure of the vibrational energy transmissions with resonance, thus

that the transmission, the absorption, the reflection of these energies inside the complex.

 Almost all of the multilayer reflective insulators comprise a succession of all similar products, generally reflective films and wadding with significant thicknesses of wadding or separators.

 1 / has been found that the results obtained by components of the same kind are known to be inferior to the results obtained when the number of components is multiplied and when the components are as heterogeneous as possible in all fields. The multi-layer reefective insulation seton t'invention makes it possible to remedy this insufficiency; for this, it includes the appropriate number of layers where each layer is as heterogeneous as possible, so as to force the energy to pass from the conductive mode to the radiative mode and vice versa, each layer having a thickness of less than 5 mm.

soumis à un échauffement ou à un début d'incendie, toutes les couches brûlent les unes derrière les autres. La composition de l'isolant mince réfléchissant selon l'invention permet de remédier à cet inconvénient grave. Le complexe selon l'invention comporte pour cela une première couche d'un matériau sacrificiel qui, en cas d'incendie, fera écran à la transmission de chaleur. Thin reflective insulation currently existing on the market generally consists of a succession of metallized films and cotton separators, all of these elements being combustible, so that when this complex is

subject to heating or to the start of a fire, all the layers burn one behind the other. The composition of the thin reflective insulator according to the invention overcomes this serious drawback. The complex according to the invention comprises for this a first layer of a sacrificial material which, in the event of fire, will shield the transmission of heat.

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Thin multi-layer reflective complexes currently existing have very poor fire resistance, due to the fact that the external components:
1. Burn, 2. Transmit heat.

 The complex according to the present invention overcomes this drawback.

We know that in a building, fire can only occur from the inside and never from the outside.

 For this, the complex according to the invention comprises a first layer disposed towards the interior of the building, which is composed of a non-carbon hydrophilic material such as sheep's wool. In the event of a fire, this layer of sheep wool will not only serve as a regulator of the interior humidity of the dwelling, but above all as a sacrificial separator.

 This sacrificial layer will be separated from the other interior layers by a succession of non-contiguous reflective metal films. This succession of non-adjoining metallic films will reduce radiation transmissions, thus preventing the exterior complex from being heated too quickly. But above all, this succession of metallic films will prevent the arrival of fresh air which will allow combustion, thus the interior components are confined in the gases and released during their heating in the event of fire and can no longer burn.

 The thin reflective insulating multilayer complexes existing on the market, are made of a succession of materials retaining static electricity so that the presence of this insulator determines a particularly uncomfortable climate in the event of a thunderstorm when there is electricity in the air.

The complex according to the invention overcomes this drawback, it in fact comprises a first layer of hydrophilic sheep wool, placed inside the building. This sheep's wool is in direct contact with an electrically conductive film, which film will be connected directly to the earth so as to eliminate all electrical or electrostatic charges, and restore comfort in the living environment.

 Thin reflective insulation existing on the market, inside contains a succession of layers composed of a reflective film and a separating material.

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 In order to ensure that the energy transmits only by radiation, it is advantageous to separate the separating materials from the reflective films so as to allow the latter to receive energy only transmitted by radiation and no longer by conduction. . For this, the complex according to the invention comprises behind or in front of each reflective metallized film, a transparent separator anti-corrosion by humidity. The bubble film based on polyolefin in one or two thicknesses, constitutes a very good separator.

 Thin reflective insulation on the market generally consists of a succession of metallized plastic films, separated by polyester wadding or by bubble films. These materials are particularly combustible.

métalliques pouvant être reliés à la terre et résistant à la chaleur. Ces films métalliques ont comme résultat de supprimer les charges électronégatives qui se développent en cas d'incendie, et en favorisent le développement et la propagation. The complex according to the invention makes it possible to remedy this drawback, it in fact comprises a succession of components all enclosed between films

metal that can be grounded and heat resistant. These metallic films have the effect of eliminating the electronegative charges which develop in the event of a fire, and of promoting their development and propagation.

 When these metallic films are earthed, the chemical combustion reactions do not meet the electronegative charges they need for the spread of the fire.

 Thin reflective insulation on the market consists of a series of reflective films and separators; these components being interconnected by continuous fixing lines, such as seams or continuous welds. These continuous fixings constitute thermal bridges reducing the thermal insulation performance of the complex.

 The complex according to the invention overcomes this drawback, for this the components are not interconnected not by continuous fixing lines, but by discontinuous fixing lines such as seams or alternating welds where the components are assembled to each other by point fasteners distant from each other.

Claims (11)

R EVEN D) CAT) lV < 1 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all heat, energy and discomfort transfers characterized by the fact that they only have one line of assemblies, fastenings of the components on their right side and one other line of fastening assemblies on their left side. Thus the components are assembled together by any means without any fixing point at the center of the complex.  2 / multilayer insulating complex according to claim 1 characterized in that the assembly lines are or can be made continuous on the sides to provide the lateral sealing of the complex and so as to reduce thermal bridges and eliminate the risks of introduction d humidity in the complex from the sides.  31 Multilayer insulating complex according to the preceding and following claims characterized in that the outer films of said complex are wider than its other components and thus protrude on the sides.  41 Multilayer insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the outer film of one of its faces, a film wider than the other components, is offset on the right side of the complex to form a flange then that the other outer film, which is also wider, is offset on the left side of the complex to also constitute a rim.  51 Multilayer insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the edge films of claim 4 protruding to the right and to the left of the complex are folded over and below to close the complex on its sides and thus trap the other components by constituting a lateral protective barrier of the said other narrower components.  6 / Multilayer insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the sewing points are spaced 5 to 10 mm apart and in that the sewing threads are treated with water repellency.  7 / Multilayer insulating complex according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the assembly of the various components consists of flexible or rigid links comprising a head with broad and perpendicular shoulders, bl a flexible or rigid body , ci a rigid base <Desc / Clms Page number 9>

 with wide and perpendicular shoulders, base whose shoulders can be folded

 parallel along the body. Thanks to a suitable needle this body can be introduced through different thicknesses of products and attach them to each other.  8 / Multilayer insulating complex reducing all heat transfers and discomfort, vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies, optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the assembly of the various components is carried out thanks to metallic or plastic parts such as rivets, metal eyelets, such as tarpaulin eyelets, star eyelets, these eyelet rivets being regularly arranged first of all fulfill the assembly function of the components but above all allow all the components to be electrically assembled by being able to earth with an electric wire fixed to one or more of these assembly parts or in the hole of one of these eyelets.  9 / Multilayer insulating complex reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, of vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies, possibly according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that it consists of a succession of heterogeneous and disparate strata not only from one stratum to the next, but also heterogeneous as regards the thicknesses of each stratum, the constituent particles of each stratum individually, the heterogeneous characteristics of the components and above all their radiative heterogeneities having the aim of remove the wave resonances from one stratum to another and also from one particle to the next, this so as to disorganize the wave structure of the transmissions of vibrational energies with resonances as well as the transmission, absorption, reflection of these energies.  10 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, of vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies, possibly according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the heterogeneities are applied unlike masses, densities of the components inside a stratum because what counts is the number of times the mode of energy transmission changes and in particular passes from the conductive mode to the radiative mode and vice versa. For this each layer will have a thickness less than 5 mm.  11 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energy, <Desc / Clms Page number 10>

 optionally according to one or more of the following claims or claims

 characterized in that the heterogeneities are applied, for better fire resistance unlike the materials of the components of one layer to the next, and characterized in particular in that the first layer is composed of a sacrificial thickness which in case will shield the heat transmission.  12 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, of vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies, optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the last layer placed inside of the building is composed of a non-carbon hydrophilic material such as sheep's wool and which will not only serve as a regulator of the interior humidity of the dwelling, but especially as a sacrificial separator in the event of fire, this sacrificial layer being separated from the other layers by an assembly, a succession of metallic non-contiguous reflective films preventing the other components of the complex from being heated too quickly, especially avoiding the arrival of fresh air allowing combustion, these components being confined in their own released gases totally deoxygenated during their heating in the event of fire.  13 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all heat transfer and discomfort, energy according to one or more of the preceding or following claims characterized in that the last layer disposed inside the building is made of a hydrophilic material like sheep's wool and that this layer is in direct contact with an electrically conductive film, which film will be connected to the earth so as to eliminate all electric or electro-static charges.  14 / Multilayer insulating complexes reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, of energy according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that each layer of hydrophilic material such as sheep's wool or a polyester wadding for example is separated from the metallization or the metal of a reflective film by at least one thickness of bubble film forming a transparent separator anti-corrosion by humidity. One or two ply bubble wrap is a good separator. <Desc / Clms Page number 11>

MV4 15 / Multilayer insulating complex reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, of vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies, optionally according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the components are enclosed between films metallic which can be earthed and heat resistant in order to suppress the electronegative charges which develop in the event of fire and favor their development and propagation since the chemical reactions of combustion require significant electronegative fields.  16 / Multilayer insulating complex reducing all transfers of heat and discomfort, of vibratory, wave, magnetic, electromagnetic energies, possibly according to one or more of the preceding or following claims, characterized in that the components are connected together by discontinuous fastening lines such as seams or welds interrupted or joined together by simply point fasteners distant from each other.