FR2650532A1 - Insulating, protective composite - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermally insulating, protective composite intended to stop the transfer of electromagnetic energy. It is composed of a succession of assemblies which are composed of a metal or metallised film M1, a separator S which is quasi-transparent to infrared and a second metallised film M2. The separators S may be plastic foams or cellular materials quasi-transparent to infrared. The invention may be used for the thermal insulation of vehicles, buildings, living creatures and articles, [lacuna] the propagation of electromagnetic waves.

Description

 The present invention relates to thermal or other dolents making it possible to reduce the transfers of thermal or electromagnetic energy from one side to the other side of the complex.

 In addition to traditional insulators such as glass wool, foam from my plastic third party, insulation complexes composed of metallized films separated by wadding such as those described in the patents already filed by the inventor of the this request.

 These insulation materials have several disadvantages: when one wants to fix them by screwing, one must deplore that Zes fibers of the wadding, have the annoying tendency to get caught in the threads of the screw; when they are pierced the fibers of the wadding get caught in the grooves of the drill to form a very troublesome bead during fixing.

 These isolonts also have no mechanical resistance; they are completely crushed at the place where they are compressed, particularly in areas ensuring the cohesion or assembly of the various components.

 This creates points without thermal insulation which are often prejudicial to the global re sultan, both for thermal insulation performance and for promoting reactions in the presence of electromagnetic waves.

 These insulators can in no case be covered with a fragile facing such as wallpaper, glued fabric, etc.

The complex according to the present invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks
1) the material that composes it does not wrap around the threads of a screw or in the grooves of a drill.

 2) the complex resists compression in a manner sufficient for its use under a wallpaper or a facing generally used in the building.

 3) it has no point with zero thickness, risking damaging the overall protection against electromagnetic waves.

 The complexes according to the present invention comprise a succession of sets composed individually of Mirror M / Separator S / Mirror M.

According to a general embodiment of the invention, the complex can be produced in the following manner
M 1: a metallic mirror film on one or two sides.

 S 1: a separator such as plastic foam.

 M-2: a metallized film on one or two sides.

S 2: a separator made of plastic foam
M 3: a metallic mirror film on one or two sides, etc.

In an embodiment which has given excellent results and in accordance with the subject of the present patent application, a complex is produced in detail in the following manner: the mirror M 1 is composed of a film of plastic material (polyester, polythylene, polypropylene and others), metallized on one side by traditional film metallization processes, reinforced by a primed anti-tear grid and coated with a surface layer ensuring the bond of the grid and the metallized film as well as the mechanical protections , chemical and other metallization
The separator S 1 is composed of a polyolefin foam with closed cells almost transparent to infrared and grooved with a thickness of 2 to 10 mm approximately.

 Another metallized film M 2 reinforced or not, protected or not.

 Another separator S 2 of thickness or composition comparable or different from S 1.

 A third M 3 Mirror film reinforced or not, protected or not, etc ...

 The number of M + S + M subsets being proportional to the results to be obtained, the minimum set must be 1 Mirror M 1 + 1 Separator S 1 + 1 Mirror M 2.

 Another interesting embodiment consists in using the metallic characteristics of the vacuum metallization of films as conductors of electricity and in associating therewith the dielectric capacities of separators such as foams of cellular plastic.

For example, one or more of the metaZ- films can be grounded
designed to provide remarkable protection against the transmission of electromagnetic waves.

 We can also make huge electric capacitors at an extraordinarily attractive price.

In an embodiment particularly intended for the insulation of camping-
Cars and other recreational vehicles such as HOUSE BOAT, the complex according to the present invention, will present itself as follows
A first Mirroring film M 1: on a polypropylene film, a layer of metal such as aluminum, copper, gold, iridium, platinum, silver, etc. has been deposited by vacuum metallization.

 On this metallization, a thickness of s to 50 grams of polyolefin such as pure or improved polyethylene is deposited by direct extrusion to the flat die or by laminating, using this layer of polyethylene to fix or not a glass reinforcement grid. or in stretched polyester or any other material.

The side formed by the polyethylene is directed towards:
- a first separator S 1. This first separator S 1 will be a foam of
extruded polyolefin, grooved from 1 to 5 mm thick at the bottom of the peels and 2 to 15 mm thick at the top of the groove.

 - a second M 2 Mirror film consisting of a metallized polypropylene film on one or two sides.

 - a second separator S 2 comparable to s 1.

 - a. third Miroir M 3 film comparable to M 2.

 - a third separator S 3 comparable to S 2.

 - a fourth Miroir M 4 film comparable to M 1.

 All these components being sewn together on a so-called padding machine or complexed together by all bonding, mechanical or chemical fixing systems.

 In another embodiment still in accordance with the object of the present invention, a wall insulator can be produced for use under wallpaper.

 To better understand the embodiment of this particular form of the present invention, reference will be made to FIG.

 A first film M 1 of metallized polyester receives on its metallized face a coating of extruded polyethylene E or counter-coZZe with or without interposiposition of a mechanical reinforcement grid G.

 In this particular case, a polyester film is used because of the good compatibility of wallpaper adhesives with polyester.

 However, any other film may also be used which also exhibits good adhesion of wallpaper adhesives.

 The face having received a coating of polyethylene E from this film is directed towards a crosslinked polyethylene foam S i with a thickness of 1 to 5 mm.

 The connection between M 1 and S 1 is carried out by simple heating under.

pressure at the softening temperature of the polyethylene E filling the metering.

 The metallized face is then placed with a metallized polyethylene film M 2.

to S 1 expanded polyethylene foam.

 Against the polyethylene face of the film M 2, there is a plate of extruded cellular polypropylene S 2, a plate whose cells will have a thickness of 1 to 10 mm.

 By temperature and pressure, the polyethylene M 2 adheres to the poZypropylene S 2.

 A polyethylene film M 3 is then placed, the polyethylene face of which is directed towards the cellular polypropylene S 2.

 Towards the metallized face of M 3, there is a polyethylene foam S 3 comparable to S 1.

 Against this foam S 3, a priming paper P is fixed.

 By temperature and pressure, it is known that polyethylene sticks to polypropylene and to wallpaper.

 There was thus obtained a rigid complex, which can be poured onto traditional walls, capable of retaining wallpaper, having excellent thermal insulation performance and very good mechanical resistance.

 It goes without saying that we can replace, invert or multiply the different components presented above.

We can for example add one or more extruded polypropylene plates
The fixing either of foam thicknesses or of extruded plates is obviously done by any other means;
It is also possible to add a heating resistor composed of a resistive film at very low temperature in order to obtain an insulating and heating complex.

 In this case, the metallizations will be adapted so that they are particularly reflective of the infrared rays emitted by the heating film.

 Without departing from the scope of the present invention, a complex of thermal insulation and protection against electromagnetic waves has been produced.

 It should be remembered that certain devices or installations or objects are sensitive to parasitic electromagnetic radiation from the outside, due to the risk of pollution of the micro-currents used.

 Furthermore, it is known that certain experiments or manipulations can only be carried out in the complete absence of parasitic electromagnetic waves.

 We also know that it is of the greatest interest to be able to camouflage certain installations emitting electromagnetic waves to avoid their detection from the outside.

 To ensure this protection, the present invention claims a protection complex composed of a first metallized film, armed or not, M 1.

 Monitoring of a hydrophobic dielectric separator S 1.

 followed by a second metallized film M 2.

 Followed by a second separator S 2.

 Followed by a third metallized film M 3.

 One or more of these metallized electrically conductive films can be earthed or subjected to any useful DC or alternating electrical voltages.

 This constitutes a capacity or a faraday cage, economical, simple to implement and constituting a surprisingly effective protection against the propagation of electromagnetic waves.

It is also possible to have between these metallized films the output of an electromagnetic wave generator, in this case, there have thus been formed kinds of waveguides whose walls are metallized films, the separator transparent to electromagnetic waves making it possible to form your cavity useful for the movement of electromagnetic waves. -
The size of the foam or of the spacer material used may be adapted to the wavelength and to the characteristics of the electromagnetic waves envisaged.

To ensure the closure of these waveguides, we can simply fold the film on the sides, thereby fixing the upper film to the lower film.
One or more of these films can be connected either to ground or to all electrical voltages.

 The components M Mirror f S Separator + M Mirror f S Separator, etc.

will be fixed together by all mechanical, physical, chemical, etc. means

depending on the current or future state of the art and the result to be obtained, taking into account the economic cost of the operation.

 For example: Without this list being considered as limiting, fixing by sewing, fixing by gluing with or without addition of binder, fixing by flame> fixing by welding and the use of all methods of cohesion of the surfaces present or under certain specific conditions.

 Thus, advantage will be taken of the natural cohesion of the surface of the separating foam with the plastic protection of the mirror films.

 The complex according to the present invention can be used whenever one seeks a thin insulator resistant to crushing, which can be screwed or pierced.

 The complex of the present invention can be used in the field of insulation of marine, land, air or other vehicles.

 In the traditional isolation of Mtiments or men and things and beings, when we try to reduce the energy transfers from one side of the complex to the other side of the same complex.

 In industry and in scientific applications and elsewhere, the complex object of the present invention will be used to provide protections against thermal or electromagnetic energy transfers.

 The juxtaposition of electroconductive surfaces and dielectrics will make it possible to obtain capacitive assemblies with all the properties of the applications of large capacitors or Faraday cages.

 The interesting applications are the thermal insulation of Motorhomes, and other vehicles, in particular dwellings or floating devices where there is a significant ambient humidity, the protection of computer rooms and other places or devices, installations, beings living, inanimate things must be protected from electromagnetic radiation.

Claims (13)

 1) Insulation and protection complex comprising a series of walls  metallized or metallic M separated by spacers S, comprising at least a metallized or metallic film M 1, a spacer S and a second metal film 1 se or metallic M 2, characterized in that your spacers S are materials resistant to crushing at least 50 grams per cm2, absorbing little infrared or electromagnetic radiation and having hollow cells  2) Complex according to claim 1), characterized in that the spacers S are made of expanded polyolefin such as polyethylene, potypropylene, crosslinked polyethylene and other materials with molecular organization comparable to polyolefins.  3) Complex according to claim 1a), characterized in that the spacers S are made of fluted plastic foam.  4) Complex according to claim i a), characterized in that the spacers S are made of plastic foam with closed cells hydrophobic in nature or after treatment.  5) Complex according to your claim 1), characterized in that the spacers S are made of material having a very high resistance to Zectrics.  6) CampRexe according to claim 1 J, characterized in that the spacers S are sheets of extruded plastic material such as polypropylene and comprising cells obtained by extrusion of the material through a die for example, polypropylene sheets, polycarbonate and others plastics transparent to infrared or obtained by any other means.  7) Complex according to claim 1), 2), 3), 4), characterized in that your metallization support films will be made of material with very low emissivity such as polypropylene or other material with emissivity also or even lower.  8) Complex according to claim 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), characterized in that the metallization of the films will be covered with a protective material which can adhere directly to the separators S or on the material of a metallization support M.  9 "1 Complex according to claim 1-), 2), 3), 40), 5-J, characterized in that at least one of the mirror films comprises a grid reinforcing the resistance to tearing initiated.  10) Complex according to claim 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), characterized in that the fixing of the various components to each other is obtained by sewing machine with multiple heads.  110) Complex according to claim 1), 2), 3), 40), 5), 6), 70), B "); 9), characterized in that the attachment of the components to each other is obtained by bonding with addition of a coat.  12) Complex according to claim 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), characterized in that the fixing of the various components is obtained by flame treatment with or without inter position of a hot-melt foam.  13) Complex according to claim 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9 J, characterized in that the fixing of the different elements between them is obtained by bonding by making Adhere to each other the surfaces of the components chosen or treated to be compatible and spontaneously adhered under certain conditions of temperature, pressure or in the presence of a favorable element such as chemical, physical for example, pressure, temperature, electromagnetic radiation, etc. ..  14) Complex according to claim 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), characterized in that it comprises on one or both sides a also adapting it to certain specific applications, for example, finishing paper, textile support, reinforcing elements.  15) Complex according to claim 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13), 14), characterized in that one or more of the metallized films includes an element capable of ensuring their electrical connection either to earth or to all other types of electrical contact with or without the addition of a resistor.  16) Use of a complex as defined in claims 1), 2), 3), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13), 14), 15) , for the isolation and protection of enclosures where man has to stay or where we have to protect living things or things.  17) Use of a complex as defined according to claims 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13 ), 14), 15), to ensure a barrier against the propagation of electromagnetic waves, whether these electromagnetic waves are emitted by the zone considered or that the zone considered is to be protected from these electromagnetic emissions.