FR2826947A1 - COUNTERWEIGHT LIFT TRAINING - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator drive device using the counterweight (42) thereof. A small jack is disposed on a pedestal (30) which can propel the elevator car (48) at between 3 and 9 times the travelling speed of the rod and move the elevator car (48) by a height that is equal to between 3 and 9 times the length of the jack (14). The diameter and the quantity of oil used are greatly affected by the reduced size of the jack. The inventive system can be used to reach heights never achieved by standard hydraulic elevators. Said system also allows for the installation of the jack outside the casing, which, in certain cases, can prove very important.

Description

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COUNTERWEIGHT LIFT TRAINING
The present invention relates to a mode of traction for elevators or other similar installation.

 In the present patent application, for an elevator or the like, it is meant not only elevators in the proper sense of the term but also freight elevators or disabled mobility devices.

 The motorization for driving an elevator is generally physically closely linked, in particular to the vertical position of the cabin, regardless of whether it is hydraulic or electric with grip or drum. As a general rule for an electric lift with grip, the motor is between the car and the counterweight, the latter representing the dead mass of the car plus 50% of the payload.

For an electric drum elevator, there is no counterweight, the machine is generally nearby. This type of elevator is recommended for small loads.

For hydraulic elevators the cylinder is either under the car in direct thrust; or on the lateral side of the cabin, with a cable connection.

 The purpose of this patent application is to respond to all kinds of elevator installations, in particular for: - Small or large loads.

 - For greater heights, compared to existing hydraulic elevators.

 - At speeds never reached by hydraulic devices.

 - Energy savings incomparable to the current hydraulic lift.

 - Standard and very compact material.

 - Unlimited number of starts / hour.

 - Low amount of oil compared to existing devices.

 - Motorization nearby in a bowl or remotely.

 - Cylinder nearby or remote.

These few examples of characteristics in the professional world of elevators are surprising and very surprising, today's hydraulic elevators are completely the opposite.

 More specifically, the invention relates to one or more arrangements which allow movement of the elevator, without the usual positioning constraints. The machinery and the cylinder can be indifferently, in the sheath or remotely, this new possibility facilitates and simplifies the installation of the elevator.

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 BRIEF SUMMARY OF EXISTING HYDRAULICS The current arrangement of an actuator can be under the cabin, this arrangement is known as direct engagement the actuator in this case it is the same length as the total height of the stroke.

Depending on the height of the sheath, and the load to be transported, it is generally designed, dimensioned and manufactured according to the characteristics relating to a specific case.

The height and load characteristics are essential to determine the diameter, in order to avoid the phenomenon of buckling.

A large cylinder requires a corresponding quantity of oil, a large capacity pump and a corresponding electrical power.

A large hole in the ground is also provided to install the cylinder.

The size of the cylinder can be reduced by half if it is installed laterally on a jack, it is connected to the cabin by cables. In all cases the dimensioning is in consequence.

Because the production of the cylinders is tailor-made, this inevitably involves significant delays and costs.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PATENT APPLICATION
Use of a 3 m cylinder for a stroke of 27 m in height. This is reeved and can be placed on a base on the ground, anywhere in the sheath, on the periphery of the cabin, except of course in the area of the service face. It can be installed on the 4 sides of the cabin, when the cylinder is installed outside the sheath.

The height of the jack is not limiting, the pulley jack ratio is 9, namely: - for 4 pulleys fixed on the upper part of the rod and 4 pulleys below the jack, ie 8 pulleys = nine strands x 3m = 27m height.

A cylinder of 6 m for example is equivalent to 54m of stroke height.

1 arrangement: One end of the cables is fixed on the base of the jack support, the latter are wound between a set of pulleys located on the fixed cross member called the base, and pulleys fixed on the mobile cross member.

The movable cross member is securely attached to the end of the cylinder rod.

When the jack is actuated, the block goes away, pulls on the cables. The second end of the cables being fixed on the counterweight drives it down, the cabin then moves in the assembled direction. This arrangement requires a lower mass in the counterweight than that of the vacuum cabin, so that the latter is always under tension.

2nd arrangement:

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 One end of the cables is fixed on the base of the jack support, the latter are wound between a set of pulleys located on the fixed cross member called the base, and pulleys fixed on the mobile cross member.

The movable cross member is securely attached to the end of the cylinder rod. When the jack is actuated, the block goes away, pulls on the cables. The second end of the cables goes up towards the upper part of the sheath, on a return pulley, and goes down again on the upper part of the cabin, on a traction point. The cabin then moves in the assembled direction, the counterweight is driven downwards. This arrangement requires a lower mass in the counterweight than that of the vacuum cabin, so that the latter is always under tension.

The pump motor unit can be installed inside the bowl sheath or outside, it is compact and does not require any adjustment. An annual visit is sufficient.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIG. 1 shows the upper pulleys viewed from above.

In the arrangement shown, 2 pairs of pulleys to schematize the principle.

- The number of pulleys can be variable depending on the height, the lift stroke, its speed and the load.

- The cylinder is positioned between the two sets of pulleys.

- The pulleys are mounted in a support, which is connected by tie rods fixed on the upper part of the cross-member, at the end of the cylinder rod exit.

 - The pulleys are at an angle in order to resume alignment of the grooves of the fixed pulleys located below. This arrangement allows the pulleys to be found below the cabin when it is on the lowest floor and thus take up less space in the sheath.

 FIG. 2 shows the upper cross member seen from above.

This consists of commercial steel profiles.

It is positioned on the outlet end of the cylinder rod.

The jack supports the movable cross member in the middle.

On either side of the crosspiece a support takes up the pulling of the pulleys.

At each end a slide is fixed to guide the crosspiece in the rails.

 FIG. 3 shows the lower part of the jack support base.

 - Deflection pulleys are installed there, one of them is slanted to escape the bulk of the jack which is installed just above above.

 - A fixed point for the recovery of the traction cables.

 - Two crosspieces to maintain a return pulley for raising the cables, either to the counterweight or the cabin, the crosspieces can be removed if the nature of the ground allows the pulley to be firmly fixed.

 - The number of pulleys is defined according to the load, the speed, and the length of the jack for the stroke to be performed.

 FIG. 4 shows an assembly seen from the side for traction by the counterweight.

 FIG. 5 shows an assembly seen from the side for traction by the cabin.

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 FIG. 6 shows an assembly seen from the front of the jack and pulley part.

 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PATENT APPLICATION Referring first to 1,2, 3rd figure, we will describe the elements that make up a hydraulic traction mode according to the invention. In the simplified figures, FIG. 1 is a view from above, two sets of two pulleys 10 mounted on an axis in a support 11, each set 10 is connected by the fixing point 12, between the two sets 13, is the body cylinder 14.

The two sets of pulleys 10 in FIG. 1 are connected by the points 12 to the movable cross member 20, FIG. 2, on the fixing points 22, using an upright 15 (visible in FIG. 4) per set 10, the uprights 15 (visible in FIG. 4) according to the invention make it possible to reduce the distance between the pulleys of the base and of the movable cross member 20, on the one hand and to always be below the cabin even when the latter is on the lowest floor. The mobile cross member 20 is fixed to the end of the rod of the jack 25. On either side of the cross member a slide 23 is fixed to guide the mobile cross member 20, in the rails.

 Figure 3 shows a base 30, on which are fixed 4 pulleys 31, one diagonally 32 to escape the size of the cylinder. A fixed point 34, for the traction cables, is fixed according to this arrangement in the angle of the base 30, it can, depending on the configuration, be installed in another angle of the base 30.

 A first and a second set of pulleys mounted free respectively on horizontal axes secured respectively to the movable cross member and the base.

 Referring now to FIG. 4, a preferred embodiment of the motor device for an elevator will be described in more detail, the principle of which has already been explained in relation to the preceding figures.

 When the cabin 48 is at the lowest point, the counterweight 42 is at the highest, while the rod of the jack 25 is fully retracted. The body of the actuator 14 being integral with the base 30, only the rod 25 is deployed when the actuator is actuated causing in its path the movable upper cross member 20, free to move vertically. The elevator regulations require the use of several cables called cable plies, for the simplification of the description only one cable is shown.

Two different cables are used; - the first keeps the cabin in suspension at one end and its counterweight at the other end.

- the one that interests us, the second cable 40 passes over said sets of pulleys to constitute a block. A first end of said cable 40 being secured to the fixed point 41 of the base 43, the other end passes through a deflection pulley 49, which is located directly above the counterweight 42. The deflection pulley 49 can be kept apart by sleepers 48 for example or be fixed to the ground, if the nature of it allows. The cable 40 is directed towards an anchor point 46 located on the lower part of the counterweight 42.

 It is understood that the stroke of the jack, with the simple aim of causing the separation of the block, between the movable cross member 45, which is free to move vertically relative to the base 43.

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 By causing the spacing of the two sets of pulleys, the counterweight 42 is lowered. The lowering of the counterweight naturally has the effect of raising the cabin 48, by a height which is equal to the displacement of the rod of the jack 25 , multiplied by the number of strands drunk cable passing over the pulleys constituting the block. For example, each set of pulleys has four pulleys, the effective stroke of the elevator is 9 times the displacement value of the rod. A minimum of 4 pulleys can be installed, either a pulley per set, i.e. 2 pulleys in total on the mobile crossmember and 2 pulleys on the base which makes 5 strands, or a displacement of 5 times the length of the rod and a speed of 5 times the exit speed of the rod. In the case described, a maximum of 2 pulleys per set, i.e. a total of 4 pulleys for the mobile crossmember, and 4 pulleys in the base, hence the ratio of 9.

 It is also understood that the speed of movement of the elevator is equal to the speed of movement of the rod of the jack, also multiplied by the number of strands. In the example considered, this speed is therefore multiplied by 9.

 Another embodiment according to the invention in FIG. 5 a different arrangement can be distinguished, with the same principle of motorization, except that the end of the cable 50 rises at the very top of the sheath, passes over one or (two) pulley (s) of return 51 and descends to a point of attachment 52 of the elevator cabin 48. The cabin 48 being heavier when empty, tends to descend by gravitation, but it is held by the cable 50. It is easily understood that when the rod of the jack 25 moves the block away, the cabin 48 goes up and vice versa.

 An additional advantage of the present invention is that the amount of working fluid is reduced due to the reduced stroke of the rod.

 FIG. 6 represents an overall view composed of a movable cross member 20 on which are hung 2 tie rods 15 at the end of these tie rods 15.2 sets of pulleys 10 between the 2 sets of pulleys 10 a jack body 14 is fixed by the bottom on a base 30 a jack rod 25 is fixed at its end to the movable cross member 20 and slides in the body of the jack 14. At the angle of the base a point of attachment 34 of the cables is fixed. In the structure of the base 30.4 pulleys are installed there, a pulley 32 is biased.

 - the movable cross member 20 moves at least 5 times slower than the cabin or 9 times at most.

 - the movable cross member 20 moves at least 5 times less than the distance traveled by the cabin 48 or 9 times at most depending on the number of pulleys chosen.

the movable cross member 20 moves upwards and thus draws aside the block, the latter pulls on the cable 40, which is fixed on the fixing point 46 of the counterweight 42 which drives it downwards and consequently raises cabin 48.

 - The movable cross member 20 moves upwards and thus spreads the block, which pulls on the cable 50, which is fixed on the fixing point 52 of the cabin 48 which drives it upwards and therefore makes lower the counterweight 42.

 - The movable cross member 20 supports the two sets of pulleys 10, which are located below the cabin 43 when the latter is at the lowest point of its position.

Claims (7)

1. Device for driving an elevator, by its counterweight 42 secured to an elevator cabin 48 in that it comprises a base 30 equipped with a set of pulleys 31 including a biased pulley 32 and a point 34 for fixing cables. an actuator body 14 comprising a rod 25. a movable cross member 20 secured to the actuator rod 25. on either side of the movable cross member 20 two uprights 15 supporting the sets 10 of pulleys.  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable cross member 20 is disposed above the cylinder rod 25.  3. Device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the movable cross member 20 supports as a pendant the two sets of pulleys 10, which are located below the cabin 48 when the latter is at the low point of his position.  4. Device according to any one of claims 1 2 and 3, characterized in that the movable cross member 20 moves at least 5 times slower than the cabin or at most 9 times.  5. Device according to any one of claims 1,2, 3 and 4, characterized in that the movable cross member 20 moves at least 5 times less than the distance traveled by the cabin 48 or 9 times maximum depending on the number of pulleys chosen.  6. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2,3, 4 and 5, characterized in that when the mobile cross-member 20 moves upwards and thus separates the block, the latter pulls on the cable 40, which is fixed to the fixing point 46 of the counterweight 42 which drives it downwards and consequently raises the cabin 48.  7. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that when the mobile cross-member 20 moves upwards and thus separates the block, the latter pulls on the cable 50, which is fixed on the fixing point 52 of the cabin 48 which drives it upwards and consequently lowers the counterweight 42.