EP0870725B1 - Tower crane with a telescopic ladder and a mobile element guided on this ladder - Google Patents
Tower crane with a telescopic ladder and a mobile element guided on this ladder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0870725B1 EP0870725B1 EP19980420045 EP98420045A EP0870725B1 EP 0870725 B1 EP0870725 B1 EP 0870725B1 EP 19980420045 EP19980420045 EP 19980420045 EP 98420045 A EP98420045 A EP 98420045A EP 0870725 B1 EP0870725 B1 EP 0870725B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ladder
- tower
- rollers
- uprights
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C1/00—Ladders in general
- E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
- E06C1/04—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees
- E06C1/08—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part
- E06C1/12—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part extensible, e.g. telescopic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/52—Details of compartments for driving engines or motors or of operator's stands or cabins
- B66C13/54—Operator's stands or cabins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
- E06C7/12—Lifts or other hoisting devices on ladders
Definitions
- the present invention relates, in general, the area of tower cranes and it relates plus in particular, to a device combining scales telescopic and a mobile element guided on these ladders, for a tower crane with telescopic mast in three elements fitted with telescopic ladders also three elements, one scale element being associated with each tower element of the tower crane.
- mobile element is meant here any element transport can be moved and guided vertically, on the height of the mast totally or partially deployed crane, for example: crane cabin, freight elevator, personal lift, protective carrycot for crane operator.
- this document describes a crane with mast telescopic in two parts, fitted with a ladder also telescopic and made in two parts principal, associated respectively with the two elements of mast; the upper ladder element has uprights rectangular profile, and the lower ladder element has U-shaped profile uprights that surround the amounts of the top element on three of their four faces.
- On this ladder is mounted rolling a chassis mobile, with four rollers and four guide rollers, the latter having a groove "V" profile, said movable chassis being secured to the cabin.
- the telescopic ladder includes, in addition to its two main elements, a weak "slide” element length, which has a profile corresponding to that of the lower ladder element, but which is mounted sliding on the upper ladder element.
- the sliding element of the scale may stuck when moving, due to friction important, this element having no pebble rolling.
- a simple device of stops ensures the drive link between the mobile chassis and said slide element, while a locking system would at the very least be necessary, for security reasons, especially to avoid that during the descent of the cabin the movable frame is no longer guided if the element slide gets stuck, which could even cause falling from the cabin.
- Swiss patent 665825 is complex, unreliable and insecure, even very dangerous, while being limited, in its application, to a crane with two-part telescopic mast.
- the document considered does not provide any solution applicable to a telescopic mast in three elements.
- German patent application 3721673 which relates a device associated with a tower crane cabin, and allowing the cabin to be moved vertically along the crane mast.
- the device rolls directly on the mast structure, and therefore requires a section constant horizontal of the mast, over its entire height; thus, such a device is not directly applicable to a telescopic mast crane, the elements of which have different horizontal sections from each other.
- this device is provided with means of rotation of the cabin, and it therefore preferably applies to "turning from the top" type cranes.
- the present invention aims to remedy the whole of these disadvantages, by providing a device telescopic ladder and mobile element guided on these ladders, specially designed for telescopic masts in three elements, the sections of which can be different, the proposed device ensuring permanently suitable guidance in the front, rear directions, right and left, as well as the resumption of the efforts due to the remote load, also ensuring a passage without discontinuity from one scale element to the next, in order to create a reliable and suitable device overall, ensuring perfectly safe guidance, while retaining a relatively simple and compact structure.
- the telescopic ladder thus consists of two classic elements, and a more specific element, including the uprights have a particular profile ensuring, by its enveloping convex parts, a connection sliding with the two previous elements and, by its concave middle part, the passage of at least one roller guide belonging to the movable element to be guided along of the scale.
- the fasteners of the three ladder elements on the corresponding mast elements allow deploy and retract the ladder without encountering obstacle.
- the profile chosen for the three elements of ladders makes it possible to obtain a minimum bulk of the scales when retracted, therefore to satisfy the road gauge requirements for the transportation of crane, and this profile also achieves a "natural" structure guide, in four directions forming between them 90 ° angles, for the guide frame which supports a means of transport such as a crane cabin.
- this frame guidance of the movable element ensures guidance in perfect security, due to the fact that during its passage on each of the three scale elements there is always rollers which enclose the uprights of the element of scale concerned. Arranged in two directions perpendicular, these rollers provide lateral guidance and forward-backward guidance, as well as resumption of lateral and / or front-rear efforts due to load supported by said guide frame.
- the configuration proposed by the invention also ensures, in the vertical direction, a guiding continuity when passing from one scale element to the next.
- FIG. 1 a tower crane, which includes a fixed base frame 1 on which is mounted rotating, around a vertical axis 2, another chassis 3 which carries a counterweight 4 at the rear and the front of which is mounted, along a horizontal axis 5, a telescopic mast 6.
- the crane has a boom dispenser 7 (shown only partially), climb to the top of the mast 6.
- Guy lines 8 connect the rotating frame 3 and mast 6, while a device rear retainer 9 connects the boom 7 to the rotating chassis 3.
- the telescopic mast 6 consists of an element outer and lower 10, of an intermediate element 11 and an inner and upper element 12.
- Each element mast 10, 11 or 12 for example has a square section or polygonal.
- the telescopic mast 6 is equipped with a ladder 13, also telescopic, which consists of three elements of scale 14, 15 and 16, respectively associated with the three mast elements 10, 11 and 12.
- the telescopic ladder 13 is shown, in the partially deployed position, on the figure 2.
- the first scale element 14, associated with the external mast element 10, is fixed to this element of external mast 10 at a lower fixing point 17 and at an upper fixing point 18.
- the second scale element 15, associated with the intermediate mast element 11 is fixed to this intermediate mast element 11 only at one point upper attachment 19.
- the third element of scale 16, associated with the inner mast element 12 is attached to this inner mast member 12 only in one upper attachment point 20.
- the telescopic ladder 13 is used to guide a element movable vertically along the mast 6, this element mobile being the crane cabin 21 in the example illustrated to the drawing.
- the scale elements 14, 15 and 16 have relative configurations and positions shown in Figures 3 and 4.
- the first ladder element 14 has two uprights 22 of square profile, connected by bars 23.
- the third ladder element 16 also has two uprights 24 of square profile, connected by bars 25. These two scale elements 14 and 16 are the same width, so their respective amounts 22 and 24 come opposite, in the retracted position of the ladder 13.
- the second ladder element 15 has a more specific configuration, clearly visible on the Figure 4.
- This ladder element 15 has two uprights 26 of crenellated profile, which can be described as comprising a concave middle part 27, located between two parts convex 28 and 29.
- the bars 30 of this element of scale 15 connect the concave middle parts 27 of its two uprights 26.
- the width of this second element of scale 15 is equal to that of the first and third scale elements 14 and 16.
- the second ladder element 15 takes place between the first element of scale 14 and the third element scale 16.
- the convex portions 28 of the uprights 26 of the second ladder element 15 surround the corresponding 22 uprights of the first ladder element 14.
- the other convex parts 29 of the uprights 26 of the second ladder element 15 surround the corresponding 24 uprights of the third scale element 16.
- the crane cabin 21 is supported by a guide frame 31, located behind this cabin 21 and on one side thereof.
- the framework of guide 31 includes a frame 32 made of tubes, which extends vertically over the height of the cabin 21 and which has a horizontal section in the shape of a "U”, surrounding the ladder 13 on its front face and on its two side faces.
- the frame 32 of the guide frame 31 supports two identical sets of guide rollers, located respectively at the base and at the top of this frame 31, and each comprising eight guide rollers.
- Figure 3 clearly represents the arrangement of these eight rolls, for one of the two sets of guide rollers.
- the two central rollers 38 and 41 find passage in the concave middle portions 27 of two uprights 26 of the second ladder element 15.
- the movable element guided on the ladder 13 still includes a platform 43 access to the cabin 21, the platform 43 comprising a hatch and lying next to scale 13, as well that opposite door 44 of cabin 21.
- the frame 31, support of the cabin 21, can be hoisted or descended along ladder 13 by any means suitable elevation, such as rope, rope or cable, generally driven by a winch itself operated by a engine or manually.
- These lifting means include in themselves the securities intended to prevent the fall of the frame 31, therefore of the movable element 21 such as a cabin crane, in the event of a breakdown of the driving energy.
- Figure 1 shows several positions, namely a position lower, an intermediate position and a position in which the cabin 21 can be brought.
- the two sets of eight rollers 33, 34, 37 to 42 of the guide frame 31 allow guiding in perfect security, when moving cabin 21, fact that for each scale element 14, 15 or 16, these rollers enclose the uprights 22, 24 or 26, the operation possible with telescopic mast 6 fully or partially deployed.
- the device ensures the recovery of efforts due to a load offset from scale 13, which is the case here for cabin 21, offset both laterally and to the front with respect to scale 13.
- the mobile element any configuration, other than that of a cabin, and assigning it all function: transport of people, transport of material, protection of personnel.
- the telescopic ladders can be mounted, indifferently, outside or inside the mature.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
- Ladders (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne, de façon générale, le domaine de grues à tour et elle se rapporte, plus particulièrement, à un dispositif combinant des échelles télescopiques et un élément mobile guidé sur ces échelles, pour une grue à tour à mâture télescopique en trois éléments équipée d'échelles télescopiques elles aussi en trois éléments, un élément d'échelle étant associé à chaque élément de mât de la grue à tour.The present invention relates, in general, the area of tower cranes and it relates plus in particular, to a device combining scales telescopic and a mobile element guided on these ladders, for a tower crane with telescopic mast in three elements fitted with telescopic ladders also three elements, one scale element being associated with each tower element of the tower crane.
Par "élément mobile", on entend ici tout élément de transport pouvant être déplacé et guidé verticalement, sur la hauteur de la mâture totalement ou partiellement déployée de la grue, par exemple : cabine de grue, monte-charge, monte-personne, nacelle de protection pour grutier.By "mobile element" is meant here any element transport can be moved and guided vertically, on the height of the mast totally or partially deployed crane, for example: crane cabin, freight elevator, personal lift, protective carrycot for crane operator.
On connaít déjà des grues à tour, dont la mâture comporte des échelles servant au guidage d'un élément mobile. En particulier, le brevet suisse 665825 et la demande de brevet européen 0175052 décrivent des grues à tour, dans lesquelles les échelles assurent le guidage d'une cabine ascensionnelle. On peut aussi citer la demande de brevet français 2747380 au nom du Demandeur, dans laquelle les échelles servent au guidage d'une nacelle de protection, constituant un dispositif d'accès sécurisé à la cabine, pour le grutier montant le long des échelles.We already know tower cranes, whose mast has ladders for guiding an element mobile. In particular, Swiss patent 665825 and the European patent application 0175052 describe cranes to tower, in which the ladders provide guidance an elevator cabin. We can also cite the French patent application 2747380 in the name of the Applicant, in which the ladders are used to guide a protective nacelle, constituting an access device secured in the cabin, for the crane operator climbing along the scales.
Considérant plus particulièrement le brevet suisse 665825, ce document décrit une grue avec mâture télescopique en deux éléments, pourvue d'une échelle également télescopique et réalisée en deux éléments principaux, associés respectivement aux deux éléments de mât ; l'élément d'échelle supérieur possède des montants de profil rectangulaire, et l'élément d'échelle inférieur possède des montants de profil en "U" venant entourer les montants de l'élément supérieur sur trois de leurs quatre faces. Sur cette échelle est monté roulant un châssis mobile, pourvu de quatre galets de roulement et de quatre galets de guidage, ces derniers possédant une gorge de profil en "V", ledit châssis mobile étant solidarisé avec la cabine. L'échelle télescopique comprend, outre ses deux éléments principaux, un élément "glissière" de faible longueur, qui possède un profil correspondant à celui de l'élément d'échelle inférieur, mais qui est monté coulissant sur l'élément d'échelle supérieur. Ainsi, lors de la montée de la cabine, le châssis mobile roule d'abord directement sur l'élément d'échelle inférieur, puis, parvenant au sommet de l'élément d'échelle inférieur, il s'engage sur l'élément glissière en position d'attente, et entraíne avec lui cet élément glissière, par l'intermédiaire duquel il est ensuite guidé le long de l'élément d'échelle supérieur. Ainsi, un élément glissière spécial est ici nécessaire pour réaliser le raccord de profil entre les deux éléments d'échelle principaux.Considering more particularly the Swiss patent 665825, this document describes a crane with mast telescopic in two parts, fitted with a ladder also telescopic and made in two parts principal, associated respectively with the two elements of mast; the upper ladder element has uprights rectangular profile, and the lower ladder element has U-shaped profile uprights that surround the amounts of the top element on three of their four faces. On this ladder is mounted rolling a chassis mobile, with four rollers and four guide rollers, the latter having a groove "V" profile, said movable chassis being secured to the cabin. The telescopic ladder includes, in addition to its two main elements, a weak "slide" element length, which has a profile corresponding to that of the lower ladder element, but which is mounted sliding on the upper ladder element. So when when the cabin is raised, the mobile chassis rolls first directly on the lower scale element, then, reaching the top of the lower scale element, it engages on the slide element in the standby position, and brings with it this slide element, by through which he is then guided along the upper scale element. So a slide element special is necessary here to make the connection of profile between the two main scale elements.
L'élément glissière de l'échelle risque de se coincer lors de son déplacement, en raison des frottements importants, cet élément ne comportant aucun galet de roulement. Un simple dispositif de butées assure la liaison d'entraínement entre la châssis mobile et ledit élément glissière, alors qu'un système de verrouillage serait pour le moins nécessaire, dans un but de sécurité, notamment pour éviter qu'en cours de descente de la cabine le châssis mobile ne soit plus guidé si l'élément glissière se coince, ce qui pourrait même entraíner la chute de la cabine.The sliding element of the scale may stuck when moving, due to friction important, this element having no pebble rolling. A simple device of stops ensures the drive link between the mobile chassis and said slide element, while a locking system would at the very least be necessary, for security reasons, especially to avoid that during the descent of the cabin the movable frame is no longer guided if the element slide gets stuck, which could even cause falling from the cabin.
Ainsi, la solution du brevet suisse 665825 est complexe, peu fiable et peu sûre, voire très dangereuse, tout en étant limitée, dans son application, à une grue avec mâture télescopique en deux éléments. En particulier, le document considéré ne fournit aucune solution applicable à une mâture télescopique en trois éléments.Thus, the solution of Swiss patent 665825 is complex, unreliable and insecure, even very dangerous, while being limited, in its application, to a crane with two-part telescopic mast. In particular, the document considered does not provide any solution applicable to a telescopic mast in three elements.
La demande de brevet européen précitée 0175052 se limite aussi à la description d'une échelle en deux éléments télescopiques, et ce document ne fournit aucun détail des moyens de guidage de l'élément mobile, notamment en ce qui concerne le passage sans discontinuité d'un élément d'échelle à l'autre.The aforementioned European patent application 0175052 is also limit to the description of a scale in two telescopic elements, and this document does not provide any detail of the means for guiding the movable element, especially with regard to the passage without discontinuity from one scale element to another.
D'une façon générale, les documents précédents montrent des solutions qui apparaissent aussi insuffisantes pour assurer un guidage approprié de l'élément mobile dans toutes les directions, en assurant aussi la reprise des efforts dûs à une charge qui, obligatoirement, est déportée par rapport au chemin de roulement constitué par les échelles.In general, the previous documents show solutions that also appear insufficient to ensure proper guidance of the movable element in all directions, ensuring also the recovery of efforts due to a load which, must be deported from the path of bearing formed by the scales.
Au titre de l'état de la technique, on peut encore citer la demande de brevet allemand 3721673, qui concerne un dispositif associé à une cabine de grue à tour, et permettant de déplacer verticalement la cabine le long du mât de la grue. Le dispositif roule directement sur la structure du mât, et il exige, par conséquent, une section horizontale constante du mât, sur toute sa hauteur ; ainsi, un tel dispositif n'est pas directement applicable à une grue à mât télescopique, dont les éléments possèdent des sections horizontales différentes les unes des autres. De plus, ce dispositif est doté de moyens de rotation de la cabine, et il s'applique ainsi, de préférence, aux grues du type "tournant du haut".Under the state of the art, one can still cite the German patent application 3721673, which relates a device associated with a tower crane cabin, and allowing the cabin to be moved vertically along the crane mast. The device rolls directly on the mast structure, and therefore requires a section constant horizontal of the mast, over its entire height; thus, such a device is not directly applicable to a telescopic mast crane, the elements of which have different horizontal sections from each other. In addition, this device is provided with means of rotation of the cabin, and it therefore preferably applies to "turning from the top" type cranes.
La présente invention vise à remédier à l'ensemble de ces inconvénients, en fournissant un dispositif d'échelle télescopiques et d'élément mobile guidé sur ces échelles, conçu spécialement pour une mâture télescopique en trois éléments, dont les sections peuvent être différentes, le dispositif proposé assurant en permanence un guidage convenable dans les directions avant, arrière, droite et gauche, ainsi que la reprise des efforts dûs à la charge déportée, en assurant aussi un passage sans discontinuité d'un élément d'échelle au suivant, en vue de réaliser globalement un dispositif fiable et adapté, assurant un guidage parfaitement sûr, tout en conservant une structure relativement simple et compacte. The present invention aims to remedy the whole of these disadvantages, by providing a device telescopic ladder and mobile element guided on these ladders, specially designed for telescopic masts in three elements, the sections of which can be different, the proposed device ensuring permanently suitable guidance in the front, rear directions, right and left, as well as the resumption of the efforts due to the remote load, also ensuring a passage without discontinuity from one scale element to the next, in order to create a reliable and suitable device overall, ensuring perfectly safe guidance, while retaining a relatively simple and compact structure.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'échelles télescopiques et d'élément mobile guidé sur ces échelles, pour grue à tour à mâture télescopique en trois éléments équipée d'échelles télescopiques elles aussi en trois éléments, un élément d'échelle étant associé à chaque élément de mât de la grue à tour, le dispositif étant caractérisé en ce que :
- l'élément d'échelle, associé à l'élément de mât inférieur et extérieur, est fixé à sa partie supérieure et à sa partie inférieure sur cet élément de mât, et possède deux montants de section carrée ou rectangulaire, reliés par des barreaux,
- l'élément d'échelle, associé à l'élément de mât supérieur et intérieur, est fixé à sa partie supérieure sur cet élément de mât, et possède deux montants de section carrée ou rectangulaire, reliés par des barreaux, la largueur de cet élément d'échelle étant égale à celle du précédent,
- l'élément d'échelle, associé à l'élément de mât intermédiaire, est fixé par sa partie supérieure sur cet élément de mât, et possède deux montants de profil crénelé, présentant en leur milieu une partie concave et, de part et d'autre de la partie médiane concave, deux parties convexes aptes à envelopper les montants correspondants des deux autres éléments d'échelle, les barreaux de cet élément d'échelle reliant les parties médianes concaves de ses deux montants, et la largeur de cet élément d'échelle étant égale à celle des deux autres éléments d'échelle,
- l'élément mobile, à guider sur l'échelle,
comprend un cadre de guidage composé lui-même :
- d'une charpente de section horizontale en forme de "U", entourant l'échelle sur sa face avant et sur ses faces latérales,
- de premiers rouleaux de guidage, d'axes horizontaux, situés en regard des faces latérales droite et gauche de l'échelle, et aptes à rouler le long des faces latérales droite et gauche des montants des éléments d'échelle associés aux éléments de mât extérieur et intérieur, et aussi le long des parties convexes enveloppantes de l'élément d'échelle associé à l'élément de mât intermédiaire,
- d'autres rouleaux de guidage, d'axes horizontaux orthogonaux aux axes des rouleaux précédents et répartis sur les côtés droit et gauche de l'échelle, et comprenant des rouleaux prenant place de part et d'autre des montants respectifs des trois éléments d'échelle, avec des rouleaux centraux trouvant passage dans la partie concave des montants de profil crénelé de l'élément d'échelle associé à l'élément de mât intermédiaire.
- the ladder element, associated with the lower and outer mast element, is fixed at its upper part and at its lower part on this mast element, and has two uprights of square or rectangular section, connected by bars,
- the ladder element, associated with the upper and inner mast element, is fixed at its upper part to this mast element, and has two uprights of square or rectangular section, connected by bars, the width of this element of scale being equal to that of the previous one,
- the ladder element, associated with the intermediate mast element, is fixed by its upper part to this mast element, and has two uprights of crenellated profile, having in their middle a concave part and, on both sides other of the concave middle part, two convex parts capable of enveloping the corresponding uprights of the other two ladder elements, the bars of this ladder element connecting the concave middle parts of its two uprights, and the width of this element scale being equal to that of the other two scale elements,
- the movable element, to be guided on the ladder, comprises a guide frame itself composed:
- a frame of horizontal section in the shape of a "U", surrounding the ladder on its front face and on its lateral faces,
- first guide rollers, with horizontal axes, located opposite the right and left lateral faces of the ladder, and capable of rolling along the right and left lateral faces of the uprights of the ladder elements associated with the external mast elements and inside, and also along the enveloping convex parts of the ladder element associated with the intermediate mast element,
- other guide rollers, with horizontal axes orthogonal to the axes of the preceding rollers and distributed on the right and left sides of the scale, and comprising rollers taking place on either side of the respective uprights of the three elements of ladder, with central rollers finding passage in the concave part of the crenellated profile uprights of the ladder element associated with the intermediate mast element.
L'échelle télescopique se compose ainsi de deux éléments classiques, et d'un élément plus spécifique, dont les montants possèdent un profil particulier assurant, par ses parties convexes enveloppantes, une liaison coulissante avec les deux précédents éléments et, par sa partie médiane concave, le passage d'au moins un rouleau de guidage appartenant à l'élément mobile à guider le long de l'échelle. Les fixations des trois éléments d'échelle sur les éléments de mât correspondants permettent de déployer et de rétracter l'échelle sans rencontrer d'obstacle. Le profil choisi pour les trois éléments d'échelles permet d'obtenir un encombrement minimal des échelles lorsqu'elles sont rétractées, donc de satisfaire aux exigences de gabarit routier pour le transport de la grue, et ce profil réalise aussi une structure "naturelle" de guidage, dans quatre directions formant entre elles des angles de 90°, pour le cadre de guidage qui supporte un moyen de transport tel que cabine de grue.The telescopic ladder thus consists of two classic elements, and a more specific element, including the uprights have a particular profile ensuring, by its enveloping convex parts, a connection sliding with the two previous elements and, by its concave middle part, the passage of at least one roller guide belonging to the movable element to be guided along of the scale. The fasteners of the three ladder elements on the corresponding mast elements allow deploy and retract the ladder without encountering obstacle. The profile chosen for the three elements of ladders makes it possible to obtain a minimum bulk of the scales when retracted, therefore to satisfy the road gauge requirements for the transportation of crane, and this profile also achieves a "natural" structure guide, in four directions forming between them 90 ° angles, for the guide frame which supports a means of transport such as a crane cabin.
Grâce à ses ensembles de rouleaux, ce cadre de guidage de l'élément mobile permet d'assurer un guidage en parfaite sécurité, du fait que, lors de son passage sur chacun des trois éléments d'échelle, il existe toujours des rouleaux qui enserrent les montants de l'élément d'échelle concerné. Disposés suivant deux directions perpendiculaires, ces rouleaux assurent le guidage latéral et le guidage dans le sens avant-arrière, ainsi que la reprise des efforts latéraux et/ou avant-arrière dûs à la charge supportée par ledit cadre de guidage. La configuration proposée par l'invention assure aussi, dans le sens vertical, une continuité de guidage au passage d'un élément d'échelle vers le suivant.Thanks to its roller sets, this frame guidance of the movable element ensures guidance in perfect security, due to the fact that during its passage on each of the three scale elements there is always rollers which enclose the uprights of the element of scale concerned. Arranged in two directions perpendicular, these rollers provide lateral guidance and forward-backward guidance, as well as resumption of lateral and / or front-rear efforts due to load supported by said guide frame. The configuration proposed by the invention also ensures, in the vertical direction, a guiding continuity when passing from one scale element to the next.
Selon une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, les rouleaux de guidage appartenant au cadre de guidage de l'élément mobile comprennent deux ensembles de huit rouleaux de guidage, situés respectivement à la base et au sommet dudit cadre et comprenant, chacun :
- deux grands rouleaux de guidage situés respectivement en regard des faces latérales droite et gauche de l'échelle, et
- six plus petits rouleaux de guidage, répartis en deux groupes de trois rouleaux situés respectivement sur les côtés droit et gauche de l'échelle, ces rouleaux enserrant deux à deux les montants des éléments d'échelle associés aux éléments de mât extérieur, intérieur et intermédiaire, le rouleau central de chaque groupe de trois rouleaux trouvant passage dans la partie concave du montant de profil crénelé de l'élément d'échelle associé à l'élément de mât intermédiaire.
- two large guide rollers located respectively opposite the right and left lateral faces of the scale, and
- six smaller guide rollers, divided into two groups of three rollers located respectively on the right and left sides of the ladder, these rollers enclosing in pairs the amounts of the ladder elements associated with the outer, inner and intermediate mast elements , the central roller of each group of three rollers finding passage in the concave part of the crenellated profile upright of the ladder element associated with the intermediate mast element.
De toute façon, l'invention sera mieux comprise à
l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin
schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemple, une
forme d'exécution de ce dispositif d'échelles
télescopiques et d'élément mobile guidé sur ces échelles,
pour grue à tour :
Sur la figure 1 est représentée une grue à tour,
qui comprend un châssis de base fixe 1 sur lequel est
monté tournant, autour d'un axe vertical 2, un autre
châssis 3 qui porte à l'arrière un contrepoids 4 et à
l'avant duquel est monté, suivant un axe horizontal 5, un
mât télescopique 6. La grue est pourvue d'une flèche
distributrice 7 (représentée seulement partiellement),
montée au sommet du mât 6. Des haubans 8 relient le
châssis tournant 3 et le mât 6, tandis qu'un dispositif
arrière de retenue 9 relie la flèche 7 au châssis tournant
3.In Figure 1 is shown a tower crane,
which includes a fixed base frame 1 on which is
mounted rotating, around a vertical axis 2, another
chassis 3 which carries a counterweight 4 at the rear and
the front of which is mounted, along a horizontal axis 5, a
Le mât télescopique 6 se compose d'un élément
extérieur et inférieur 10, d'un élément intermédiaire 11
et d'un élément intérieur et supérieur 12. Chaque élément
de mât 10, 11 ou 12 possède par exemple une section carrée
ou polygonale.The
Le mât télescopique 6 est équipé d'une échelle 13,
elle aussi télescopique, qui se compose de trois éléments
d'échelle 14, 15 et 16, associés respectivement aux trois
éléments de mât 10, 11 et 12. L'échelle télescopique 13
est montrée, en position partiellement déployée, sur la
figure 2.The
Le premier élément d'échelle 14, associé à
l'élément de mât extérieur 10, est fixé à cet élément de
mât extérieur 10 en un point de fixation inférieur 17 et
en un point de fixation supérieur 18. Pour permettre la
rétraction de l'échelle, le deuxième élément d'échelle 15,
associé à l'élément de mât intermédiaire 11, est fixé à
cet élément de mât intermédiaire 11 uniquement en un point
de fixation supérieur 19. De même, le troisième élément
d'échelle 16, associé à l'élément de mât intérieur 12, est
fixé à cet élément de mât intérieur 12 uniquement en un
point de fixation supérieur 20.The
L'échelle télescopique 13 sert au guidage d'un
élément mobile verticalement le long du mât 6, cet élément
mobile étant la cabine de grue 21 dans l'exemple illustré
au dessin. A cet effet, les éléments d'échelle 14, 15 et
16 possèdent les configurations et positions relatives
montrées aux figures 3 et 4.The
Le premier élément d'échelle 14 comporte deux
montants 22 de profil carré, reliés par des barreaux 23.
Le troisième élément d'échelle 16 comporte lui aussi deux
montants 24 de profil carré, reliés par des barreaux 25.
Ces deux éléments d'échelle 14 et 16 sont de même largeur,
de sorte que leurs montants respectifs 22 et 24 viennent
en regard, en position rétractée de l'échelle 13.The
Le deuxième élément d'échelle 15 possède une
configuration plus particulière, bien visible sur la
figure 4. Cet élément d'échelle 15 possède deux montants
26 de profil crénelé, pouvant être décrit comme comportant
une partie médiane concave 27, située entre deux parties
convexes 28 et 29. Les barreaux 30 de cet élément
d'échelle 15 relient les parties médianes concaves 27 de
ses deux montants 26. La largeur de ce deuxième élément
d'échelle 15 est égale à celle des premier et troisième
éléments d'échelle 14 et 16.The
En position rétractée de l'échelle télescopique
13, le deuxième élément d'échelle 15 prend place entre le
premier élément d'échelle 14 et le troisième élément
d'échelle 16. Les parties convexes 28 des montants 26 du
deuxième élément d'échelle 15 viennent envelopper les
montants 22 correspondants du premier élément d'échelle
14. Les autres parties convexes 29 des montants 26 du
deuxième élément d'échelle 15 viennent envelopper les
montants 24 correspondants du troisième élément d'échelle
16.In the retracted position of the
En se référant à la figure 5, la cabine de grue 21
est supportée par un cadre de guidage 31, situé derrière
cette cabine 21 et sur un côté de celle-ci. Le cadre de
guidage 31 comprend une charpente 32 réalisée en tubes,
qui s'étend verticalement sur la hauteur de la cabine 21
et qui possède une section horizontale en forme de "U",
entourant l'échelle 13 sur sa face avant et sur ses deux
faces latérales.Referring to Figure 5, the
La charpente 32 du cadre de guidage 31 supporte
deux ensembles identiques de rouleaux de guidage, situés
respectivement à la base et au sommet de ce cadre 31, et
comprenant chacun huit rouleaux de guidage. La figure 3
représente clairement la disposition de ces huit rouleaux,
pour l'un des deux ensembles de rouleaux de guidage.The
Deux grands rouleaux de guidage 33 et 34, d'axes horizontaux respectifs 35 et 36, sont situés l'un en regard de la face latérale droite, et l'autre en regard de la face latérale gauche de l'échelle 13. Selon le degré de déploiement de l'échelle 13 et la position de la cabine de grue 21, les grands rouleaux de guidage 33 et 34 sont aptes à rouler :
- le long des faces latérales droite et gauche des montants 22 du premier élément d'échelle 14, et/ou
- le long des parties convexes 28
et 29 des montants 26 du deuxième élément d'échelle 15, et/ou - le long des faces latérales droite et gauche des montants 24 du troisième élément d'échelle 16.
- along the right and left lateral faces of the
uprights 22 of thefirst ladder element 14, and / or - along the
28 and 29 of theconvex portions uprights 26 of thesecond ladder element 15, and / or - along the right and left lateral faces of the
uprights 24 of thethird ladder element 16.
Six plus petits rouleaux de guidage 37 à 42 sont prévus, dont les axes sont horizontaux et orthogonaux aux axes 35 et 36 des grands rouleaux 33 et 34. Un premier groupe de trois petits rouleaux 37, 38 et 39 équidistants est prévu sur le côté droit de l'échelle 13, et un second groupe de trois petits rouleaux 40, 41 et 42 équidistants est prévu sur le côté gauche de l'échelle 13. Ces petits rouleaux enserrent deux à deux les montants des éléments d'échelle 14, 15 et 16. Autrement dit :
- Les montants 22 du premier élément d'échelle 14
sont enserrés, à droite, par la paire de
rouleaux 37
et 38 et, à gauche, par la paire de rouleaux 40 et 41, chaque paire comprenant un rouleau extérieur et un rouleau central. - Les montants 24 du troisième élément d'échelle
16 sont enserrés, à droite, par la paire de
rouleaux 38
et 39 et, à gauche, par la paire de rouleaux 41et 42, chaque paire comprenant un rouleau extérieur et un rouleau central. - Les montants 26 du deuxième élément d'échelle 15
sont enserrés, à droite, par la paire de
rouleaux 37
et 39 et, à gauche, par la paire de rouleaux 40et 42, chaque paire comprenant les deux rouleaux extérieurs.
- The
uprights 22 of thefirst ladder element 14 are enclosed, on the right, by the pair of 37 and 38 and, on the left, by the pair ofrollers rollers 40 and 41, each pair comprising an outer roller and a central roller. - The
uprights 24 of thethird ladder element 16 are enclosed, on the right, by the pair of 38 and 39 and, on the left, by the pair ofrollers rollers 41 and 42, each pair comprising an outer roller and a central roller. - The
uprights 26 of thesecond ladder element 15 are enclosed, on the right, by the pair of 37 and 39 and, on the left, by the pair ofrollers 40 and 42, each pair comprising the two outer rollers.rollers
De plus, les deux rouleaux centraux 38 et 41
trouvent passage dans les parties médianes concaves 27 des
deux montants 26 du deuxième élément d'échelle 15.In addition, the two
Comme le montre la figure 5, l'élément mobile
guidé sur l'échelle 13 comprend encore une plateforme 43
d'accès à la cabine 21, la plateforme 43 comportant une
trappe et se situant en regard de l'échelle 13, ainsi
qu'en regard de la porte 44 de la cabine 21.As shown in Figure 5, the movable element
guided on the
Le cadre 31, support de la cabine 21, peut être
hissé ou descendu le long de l'échelle 13 par tous moyens
d'élévation appropriés, tels que corde, filin ou câble,
généralement mû par un treuil lui-même actionné par un
moteur ou manuellement. Ces moyens d'élévation comportent
en eux-mêmes les sécurités destinées à éviter la chute du
cadre 31, donc de l'élément mobile 21 tel que cabine de
grue, en cas de rupture de l'énergie motrice. La figure 1
montre plusieurs positions, à savoir une position
inférieure, une position intermédiaire et une position
supérieure dans lesquelles la cabine 21 peut être amenée.
Les deux ensembles de huit rouleaux 33, 34, 37 à 42 du
cadre de guidage 31 permettent d'assurer un guidage en
parfaite sécurité, lors du déplacement de la cabine 21, du
fait que pour chaque élément d'échelle 14, 15 ou 16, ces
rouleaux enserrent les montants 22, 24 ou 26, le
fonctionnement étant possible avec le mât télescopique 6
totalement ou partiellement déployé. De plus, le
dispositif assure la reprise des efforts dûs à une charge
déportée par rapport à l'échelle 13, ce qui est ici le cas
pour la cabine 21, déportée à la fois latéralement et vers
l'avant par rapport à l'échelle 13.The frame 31, support of the
L'on ne s'éloignerait pas de l'invention en donnant à l'élément mobile toute configuration, autre que celle d'une cabine, et en lui assignant toute fonction : transport de personnes, transport de matériel, protection du personnel. Dans le même ordre d'idées, les échelles télescopiques peuvent être montées, indifféremment, à l'extérieur ou à l'intérieur de la mâture.One would not stray from the invention by giving the mobile element any configuration, other than that of a cabin, and assigning it all function: transport of people, transport of material, protection of personnel. In the same vein, the telescopic ladders can be mounted, indifferently, outside or inside the mature.
Claims (3)
- A device comprising telescopic ladders and a movable element guided on said ladders, for a tower crane comprising a telescopic tower structure having three elements equipped with telescopic ladders which also comprise three elements, a ladder element being associated with each tower element of the tower crane, characterised in thatthe ladder element (14) associated with the bottom external tower element (10) is fixed at its top part (at 18) and at its bottom part (at 17) to said tower element (10), and possesses two uprights (22) of square or oblong cross-section which are joined by bars (23),the ladder element (16) associated with the top internal tower element (12) is fixed at its top part (at 20) to said tower element (12), and possesses two uprights (24) of square or rectangular cross-section which are joined by bars (25), the width of said ladder element (16) being equal to that of the preceding element (14),the ladder element (15) associated with the intermediate tower element (11) is fixed by its top part (at 19) to said tower element (11) and possesses two uprights (26) of crenellated profile which comprise a concave part (27) in the middle thereof, and, on both sides of the middle concave part (27), two convex parts (28, 29) suitable for covering the corresponding uprights (22, 24) of the two other ladder elements (14, 16), the bars (30) of said ladder element (15) connecting the middle concave parts (27) of said two uprights, and the width of said ladder element (15) being equal to that of the two other ladder elements (14, 16),the movable element (21) which is guided on the ladder (13) comprises a guide frame (31) which itself is composed of:a structure (32) of U-shaped horizontal cross-section surrounding the ladder (13) on the front face and on the side faces thereof,first guide rollers (33, 34) with horizontal axes (35, 36), which are situated facing the right and left side faces of the ladder (13) and which are suitable for rolling along the right and left side faces of the uprights (22, 24) of the ladder elements (14, 16) which are associated with the external (10) and internal (12) tower elements, and which are also suitable for rolling along the covering convex parts (28, 29) of the ladder element (15) associated with the intermediate tower element (11),other guide rollers (37 to 42) with horizontal axes which are orthogonal to the axes (35, 36) of the previous rollers (33, 34), which rollers are distributed on the right and left sides of the ladder (13), and which comprise rollers (37 to 42) situated on both sides of the respective uprights (22, 24, 26) of the three ladder elements (14, 16, 15), with central rollers (38, 41) running inside the concave parts (27) of the uprights (26) of crenellated profile of the ladder element (15) which is associated with the intermediate tower element (11).
- A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the guide rollers forming part of the guide frame (31) of the movable element (21) comprise two sets of eight guide rollers (33, 34, 37 to 42), situated respectively at the bottom and at the top of said frame (31) and each comprisingtwo large guide rollers (33, 34) situated facing the right and left side faces, respectively, of the ladder (13), andsix smaller guide rollers (37 to 42) distributed in two groups of three rollers (37, 38, 39; 40, 41, 42) situated on the right and left sides, respectively, of the ladder (13), said rollers (37 to 42) embracing, in pairs, the uprights (22, 24, 26) of the ladder elements (14, 16, 15) associated with the external (10), internal (12) and intermediate (11) tower elements, the central roller (38, 41) of each group of three rollers running inside the concave part (27) of the corresponding upright (26) of the intermediate tower element (11).
- A device according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that that the movable element (21) which is guided on the ladder (13) is a crane cab.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9704717 | 1997-04-11 | ||
FR9704717A FR2761969B1 (en) | 1997-04-11 | 1997-04-11 | DEVICE FOR TELESCOPIC LADDERS AND MOBILE ELEMENT GUIDED ON THESE LADDERS, FOR A TOWER CRANE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0870725A1 EP0870725A1 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
EP0870725B1 true EP0870725B1 (en) | 2002-07-17 |
Family
ID=9506008
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19980420045 Expired - Lifetime EP0870725B1 (en) | 1997-04-11 | 1998-03-11 | Tower crane with a telescopic ladder and a mobile element guided on this ladder |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0870725B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69806532T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2179441T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2761969B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2193006C2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013103595A1 (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-16 | Technomed GmbH Reha-Technik | Load carrier |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003146581A (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2003-05-21 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Crane and operation method for crane |
FR2839055B1 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2004-10-29 | Potain Sa | FOLDING PIVOT UNIT FOR TOWER CRANE |
DE10350218A1 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-06-02 | Noell Mobile Systems & Cranes Gmbh | Working platform for conveying persons to driver's cab on container-lifting straddle carrier, has lifting device for moving lift cage on track along column of straddle carrier |
US11964850B2 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2024-04-23 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Crane |
DE102020118141A1 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-13 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Foundation cross for a tower crane and tower crane |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE515824C (en) * | 1927-08-03 | 1931-01-13 | C D Magirus Akt Ges | Erecting and extending fire brigade ladder with elevator |
US3237719A (en) * | 1962-01-05 | 1966-03-01 | Donald Marsh | Power lift for ladders |
CH665825A5 (en) * | 1985-02-06 | 1988-06-15 | Emil Huggler Ag | Crane with height adjustable driver's cab - with adjustment achieved by crane's own lifting mechanism |
SE457168B (en) * | 1985-12-03 | 1988-12-05 | Leif Uno Aake Loftmyr | DEVICE AT WORKSHOPS FOR CRANES |
DE3816105A1 (en) * | 1988-05-11 | 1990-01-11 | Boecker Albert Gmbh & Co Kg | INCLINED ELEVATOR MADE OF SEVERAL TELESCOPIC SHOTS |
-
1997
- 1997-04-11 FR FR9704717A patent/FR2761969B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-03-11 ES ES98420045T patent/ES2179441T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-11 EP EP19980420045 patent/EP0870725B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-11 DE DE1998606532 patent/DE69806532T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-10 RU RU98106853A patent/RU2193006C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013103595A1 (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-16 | Technomed GmbH Reha-Technik | Load carrier |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2761969A1 (en) | 1998-10-16 |
DE69806532T2 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
RU2193006C2 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
DE69806532D1 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
ES2179441T3 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
FR2761969B1 (en) | 1999-05-28 |
EP0870725A1 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
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