FR2787476A1 - IMPROVEMENTS TO A LOCKING DEVICE FOR AN ACCESS HATCH TO GALLERIES AND UNDERGROUND WORKS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CONSISTING OF AT LEAST ONE LEAF - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a flat hatch plate (3) engaging with a fixed frame (1) with a hinge plate engaging the walls of a subterranean chamber. A support lug (8) welded to the plate may accommodate a threaded rod (10) connected (11) to a link (15) with a long slot. A round hole at the other end accommodates a bolt connecting it to a lug in the middle of the hatch.

Description

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  The present invention relates to an improvement made to the locking devices of a hatch for access to galleries and underground civil engineering works, it relates more particularly to those fitted to telephone networks, whether the hatch is

  consisting of one or more leaves.

  Currently, civil engineering works are closed by a hatch made up of one or more leaves coming from foundry, or made in mechanically welded or concrete, of rectangular, square or triangular shape, resting by their edges on the rebate bottom a sleeping frame, to which they are sometimes joined by

  screwing by means of bolts accessible from the outside.

  The disadvantage of these devices lies in the fact that anyone can have access to said works, even when they are closed by bolting, since it is sufficient

  to be in possession of adequate tools.

  To make it more difficult to open these hatches, these hatches are therefore provided with locks which are generally intended to equip recent works, but it is not possible, from an economic point of view, to replace them with existing devices. , given the number

important of these.

  In addition, it can be noted that, given the nature of the materials constituting these hatches and the covered surface, these securing devices often have a large mass which makes their very difficult.

manipulation by one man.

  In fact, generally these hatches are devoid of an opening assistance system, or at least when there is one, this simply allows the door leaf to be detached so that the user can grasp it and can either rotate it or translate it using a suitable tool. Whatever the maneuver, the user must exert a significant physical effort which he cannot possibly exert or when the atmospheric conditions are not

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  lenient, this effort risks being exerted in

  security conditions that are not optimal.

  In addition, when these doors are removed from the room, they should not close unexpectedly on the user, when the latter intervenes in this room. The present invention therefore aims to overcome these drawbacks, by proposing an improvement to the locking devices of an access hatch, which both prevents inadvertent opening of these hatches, facilitates the complete opening of the hatches without resorting to excessive effort on the part of the user, and when these hatches are open, prevents their inadvertent closing or

  accidental without positive user action.

  In addition, these improvements must be able to be integrated into new installations or during the rehabilitation of old installations for their implementation.

compliance with standards.

  To this end, the device for locking an access hatch to the galleries and underground civil engineering works consisting of at least one leaf, is characterized in that it comprises on any one of the sides forming the frame d '' a frame, at least one articulation plate bearing on one of the side walls of the underground chamber, this plate being provided on the one hand with an articulation axis and with a support means connected to a opening facilitation device for ensuring the opening and closing of at least one leaf. Other features and advantages of this

  invention will emerge from the description given below, in

  reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate an embodiment thereof devoid of any limiting character. In the figures: - Figure 1 is a front view of a hatch locking device, equipped with improvements according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1;

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  - Figure 3 is a front view of the hinge plate fitted to the hatch locking device; - Figure 4 is a side elevational view of Figure 3; - Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 3; - Figure 6 is a detail and front view of the self-locking arm fitted to the hatch locking device; - Figure 7 is a side elevational view of the

figure 6.

  - Figures 8, 9 and 10 are views, on a larger scale, of the part forming an articulation between the pad

and the frame of the frame.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the improvements made to the locking devices of an access hatch to the galleries and underground civil engineering works, are intended to adapt, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, to a frame 1 or a frame

  metal forming the frame of the access hatch.

  This frame is constituted in particular by metal sections of conventional cross section, particularly in L, joined at their ends by a welding process so as to form a rectangular, square or

triangular.

  This frame is provided in particular with lateral legs projecting, thus conforming sealing tabs, which will be embedded in the pavement or in the concrete or cement block which forms the chamber.

underground.

  As a variant, this sleeping frame can be made integral with the opening of the underground chamber by any other means, in particular using studs or tie rods

anchored in the ground.

  It is further provided to have on any of the sides forming the frame 1 of the frame, at least one plate 2 of articulation: in fact, certain underground chambers require, taking into account the importance of

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  their opening, several leaves 3 for their cover.

  In this case, the plates 2 are placed opposite on

frame 1 of the frame.

  According to yet another configuration requiring the use of several leaves 3 to cover the chamber, the different leaves are articulated on the same edge and the corresponding plates 2 are juxtaposed one at a time.

  side by side according to a determined step.

  According to a characteristic of the invention, the plate 2 (refer to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5) is produced in the form of an angle iron obtained by bending or welding of metallic elements, and comprises substantially two parts 4, 5. The first part 4, the thickness of which corresponds substantially to that of the profile forming the frame 1, is intended to cooperate at the level of the latter by means notably of a plurality of orifices 6 which pass right through the first part 4 of said plate 2 and which allows the passage of means of

fixing (screws, bolts ...).

  The second part 5 of this plate 2 is intended to bear on one of the side walls of the underground chamber. In addition, it 5 is much more massive than the previous 4 because it must offer with the side wall on which it rests a significantly larger contact surface, so as to transmit and

  distribute the efforts that will be applied to it.

  It is further provided to have on this second part 5 at least one orifice 7, preferably oblong so as to offer adjustment possibilities, this

  orifice allowing the passage of a fixing means.

  Provision is also made to attach to the wall forming the second part 5 of the plate 2, a means 8 constituting support for at least one jack and / or a self-locking arm or compass. This means 8 forming a support projects substantially in a direction perpendicular to the plate 2 and is directed towards the interior of the underground chamber.

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  In addition, this support 8 is provided with an orifice 9 which allows the passage of a threaded rod 10 whose stroke is adjustable by a system of nuts against nuts, one end of the threaded rod 10 being provided with '' a means of cooperation 11 (eyelet for example) with

  the end of the body of a cylinder and / or the

  blocking. According to another characteristic of the invention, lugs 12 projecting perpendicularly and preferably at an angle, in particular by welding to the first part 4 of the plate 2

that goes beyond the right angle.

  Indeed, these legs 12 are intended to receive a

  hinge pin 13 on which the leaf 3 must pivot.

  Thanks to this arrangement, when the buffer or the leaf 3 is open, the position of its center of gravity exceeds the vertical plane passing through the articulation axis 13 and is set back therefrom; it therefore requires a positive action by the user on leaf 3 to do so

  enter this position which allows its closing.

  Leaf 3, whether master or slave, is produced in the form of a universal cast iron buffer of

  type in particular spheroidal graphite (GS).

  However, during its manufacturing operation, special arrangements are made which allow the mounting of the pad 3 on the hinge plate 2 as well as the attachment of the accessories (lock 14,

  self-locking compass 15, cylinder 16).

  Thus, a crutch 17 is provided on the internal face of the pad 3 which is obtained either directly during the manufacturing operation, or indirectly, and in this case it is added during an auxiliary operation (welding), and this stand 17 is provided with means of cooperation 18 with the rod of the jack 16 and / or the end

of the self-locking arm 15.

  There is also on this same internal face of the pad 3, at least one groove 19 for receiving the hinge pin 13 coming from the plate 2, as well as

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  pins 26 at the rear of the articulation which come to bear at the level of heels 20 positioned on the rear face of the first part 4 of the plate 2, these pins 26 facilitating the pivoting of the pad 3 (reference will be made to FIGS. 8 , 9 and 10). In fact, as soon as the tampon opens, the pins 26 come to bear on the heels 20 fixed on the plate 2, thus acting like a cam in order to be able to lift the tampon and thus bring the axis d 'articulation 13 of the internal face of the buffer, thereby reducing on the one hand the articulation radius, and on the other hand the friction of the buffer with respect to frame 1 of the frame. When closing, the pins 26 play the same role in reverse; moreover, when the tampon is in the closed position on the frame forming the frame 1, none of the elements participating in the articulation of the tampon is then subjected to the mechanical forces applied to the external face of the tampon, due to the presence of these lugs

26.

  There are also plans to have a certain number of bosses 21 which allow the fixing of plates.

  blocking the hinge pin 13 in the groove 19.

  According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the hinge plate 2 is optionally connected to the

  buffer 3 via a self-locking arm 15.

  This, placed in a coplanar direction to the opening assistance cylinder (s), is made in a metal bar (see Figures 6 and 7). The latter comprises, on the one hand at one of its ends an orifice 22 which cooperates with the end of the threaded rod 10 connected to the hinge plate 2, and on the other hand a light 23 in which can be move a stud 24 projecting from the stand 17 provided on the inner face of the pad 3, this lumen 23 ending in an ear 25 in which is housed said stud 24 when the pad 3 is in the open position, so

to achieve its blocking.

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  The possible association of at least one actuator 16 with a self-locking arm 15 conforms to an opening facilitation device which, when it is mounted on said plate 2 so as to connect the latter to at least one leaf 3, allows , in addition to its primary function which is to facilitate the opening of the opening without excessive effort by a single user and this under optimal conditions

  safety (presence of the ear 25 on the arm

  blocking 15, relative position between the leaf and the fixing tab), also allows the assembly of the assembly

  in new or rehabilitation configurations.

  Indeed, the improvements made include devices which allow the adjustment of the clearances in two directions: - in the direction a (cf. FIG. 2), by the presence of orifices 6, 7, 9, on the plate 2, which allow on the one hand, the connection with the frame 1, and on the other hand, the presence of play with each buffer 3; - in direction b (see Figure 1), by the presence of the threaded rod 10, which provides both

  compensation for clearances and compression of the jack.

  Provision is also made to offset the support means 8 laterally relative to the median axis of the pad 3, so as to allow the mounting of the assistance means to

the opening (cylinder) along this axis.

  It remains to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described and shown above, but that it encompasses all variants thereof.

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Claims (6)

  1 - Locking device for an access hatch to the galleries and underground civil engineering works consisting of at least one leaf (3), characterized in that it comprises on any one of the sides forming the frame (1 ) a frame, at least one articulation plate (2) bearing on one of the side walls of the underground chamber, this plate (2) being provided, on the one hand with an articulation axis ( 13) and a support means (8) connected to an opening facilitation device making it possible to ensure the opening and closing of at least a leaf (3).   2 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate (2) is made in the form of an angle iron obtained by bending or welding of metal elements, and comprises substantially two parts (4, 5), the first part (4) being intended to cooperate at the level of the frame, in particular through a plurality of orifices (6), the second part (5) of this plate (2) having at least one orifice (7), preferentially   oblong so as to offer adjustment possibilities.   3 - Device according to one of claims 1 or 2,   characterized in that the support (8) is provided with an orifice (9) which allows the passage of a threaded rod (10) whose stroke is adjustable by a system of nuts against nuts, one of the ends of the threaded rod (10) being provided with a means of cooperation (11) with the end of the   opening facilitation device.   4 - Device according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   plate (2) comprises, legs (12) projecting perpendicularly and preferably at an angle which exceeds the right angle, these legs supporting the axis articulation (13).   - Device according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the face   leaf internal (3) has fittings 9 2787476   particular which allow the mounting of the leaf (3) on the articulation plate (2) as well as the joining accessories (14, 15, 16).   6 - Device according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the face   internal of the leaf (3) comprises a stand (17) which is provided with means of cooperation (18) with the rod of   minus a jack (16) and / or the end of a self-supporting arm   blocker (15), forming the facilitation device opening hours.   7 - Device according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the face   internal of the leaf (3) comprises at least one groove (19) for receiving the articulation axis (13) coming from the plate (2), as well as lugs (26) at the rear of the axis of articulation (13) which come to bear at the level of heels (20) positioned on the rear face of the plate (2), these lugs (26) facilitating the pivoting of the leaf (3). 8 Device according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the arm   self-locking (15) comprises, on the one hand at one of its ends an orifice (22) which cooperates with the end of a threaded rod (10) connected to the hinge plate (2), and on the other hand a light (23) in which can move a stud (24) projecting from the stand (17), this light (23) ending in an ear (25) in which is housed said stud (24 ) when the leaf (3) is in the open position, so that carry out its blocking.