EP1013833A1 - Locking device of an access trap to underground building works - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a flat hatch plate (3) engaging with a fixed frame (1) with a hinge plate engaging the walls of a subterranean chamber. A support lug (8) welded to the plate may accommodate a threaded rod (10) connected (11) to a link (15) with a long slot. A round hole at the other end accommodates a bolt connecting it to a lug in the middle of the hatch.

Description

The present invention relates to a improvement of the locking of an access hatch to the galleries and underground civil engineering works, it aims more particularly those equipping networks that the hatch is made up of a or more leaves.

Currently, civil engineering works are closed by a hatch made up of one or more leaves from foundry, or made in mechanically welded or concrete, rectangular in shape, square or triangular, resting by their edges on the rebate background of a sleeping frame, to which they are sometimes joined by screwing by means bolts accessible from the outside.

We know, from the British document GB 897 553, a hatch opening system or the like, consisting essentially of a articulated parallelogram with counterweight whose kinematics makes it possible to extract and tilt the tampon in relation to the chamber.

The main drawback of this device counterweight opening assistance resides particularly in the fact that the whole kinematics of the parallelogram and counterweight occupies a volume in the room, thus preventing any installation of a box inside bedroom.

We also know, from the American document 5,465,862, an opening assistance system for service hatch intended for applications aeronautics. This device is particularly designed to compensate for the weight of the hatch during its 90 ° stroke, allowing it to adapt to each degree of openness to the result of the weight which varies.

The disadvantage of these devices lies in the fact that anyone can have access to said works, even when closed by bolting, since it suffices to be in possession adequate tools. Given the size opening systems it's often very delicate to incorporate a box inside the bedroom.

To make it more difficult to open these hatches, so we fitted these hatches with locks that are generally intended to equip works recent, but it is not possible, from a point of economic view of replacing them with devices existing, given the large number of these.

In addition, it can be noted that given the nature of the materials constituting these hatches and the covered area, these security devices often have a large mass which makes very difficult to handle by one man.

Indeed, generally these hatches are devoid of assistance system for opening, or all less when there is one, it allows simply take off the window of the frame so that the user can enter it and can either rotate it, or translate it using a adequate tool. Whatever the maneuver, the user must exert a physical effort important that he possibly cannot exercise or when the weather conditions are not not lenient, this effort may be exerted in security conditions that are not optimal.

In addition, when these hatches are removed from the bedroom, they should not close accidentally on the user, when this the latter intervenes in this room.

The present invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages, by offering an improvement to locking devices for an access hatch, which both prevents inadvertent opening of these hatches, facilitates the complete opening of hatches without the use of excessive effort user, and when these hatches are open, prevents them from closing unexpectedly or accidental without a positive action of the user.

In addition, these improvements must be able to integrate into new installations or during rehabilitation of old installations for their compliance with standards.

To this end, the locking device of a access hatch to galleries and underground structures civil engineering consisting of at least one leaf, characterized in that it comprises on one any of the sides forming the frame of a frame, at least one articulation plate bearing on one of the side walls of the room underground, this plate being provided, on the one hand a hinge pin and a support means connected to a facilitation device opening to ensure the opening and closing of at least one leaf, the internal face of the leaf comprising at least one groove for receiving the axis of articulation coming from the plate, thus only lugs at the back of the hinge pin who come to rest on the heels positioned on the rear face of the plate, these pins facilitating the pivoting of the leaf.

• la figure 1 est une vue de face d'un dispositif de verrouillage de trappe, équipé des perfectionnements selon l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une vue de côté de la figure 1 ;
• la figure 3 est une vue de face de la platine d'articulation équipant le dispositif de verrouillage de trappe ;
• la figure 4 est une vue en élévation latérale de la figure 3 ;
• la figure 5 est une vue de dessus de la figure 3 ;
• la figure 6 est une vue de détail et de face du bras auto-bloquant équipant le dispositif de verrouillage de trappe ;
• la figure 7 est une vue en élévation latérale de la figure 6.
• les figures 8, 9 et 10 sont des vues, à plus grande échelle, de la partie formant articulation entre le tampon et le cadre du dormant.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description given below, with reference to the appended drawings which illustrate an embodiment thereof devoid of any limiting character. In the figures:

• Figure 1 is a front view of a hatch locking device, equipped with improvements according to the invention;
• Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a front view of the hinge plate fitted to the hatch locking device;
• Figure 4 is a side elevational view of Figure 3;
• Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 3;
• Figure 6 is a detail and front view of the self-locking arm fitted to the hatch locking device;
• FIG. 7 is a side elevation view of FIG. 6.
• Figures 8, 9 and 10 are views, on a larger scale, of the joint portion between the pad and the frame of the frame.

According to a preferred embodiment, the improvements made to the locking of an access hatch to the galleries and underground civil engineering works, are intended to adapt, as can be seen in the figures 1 and 2, to a frame 1 or a metal frame forming the frame of the access hatch.

This frame consists in particular of profiles metal of classic cross section, particularly in L, joined at their ends by a welding process so as to form a rectangular, square or triangular frame.

This frame is provided in particular with lateral legs protruding, thus conforming legs of sealing, which will be embedded in the coating of the pavement or in the concrete or cement block which forms the underground chamber.

Alternatively, this sleeping frame can be made integral with the opening of the underground chamber by any other means, in particular using studs or tie rods anchored in the ground.

We also plan to have any sides forming frame 1 of the frame, at least a hinge plate 2: indeed, some underground chambers require, given the importance of their opening, several leaves 3 for their coverage. In this case, the decks 2 are placed opposite on frame 1 of the sleeping.

According to yet another configuration requiring the use of several leaves 3 to cover the bedroom, the different leaves are hinged on the same edge and the corresponding 2 plates are juxtaposed one next to the other in a step determined.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the plate 2 (refer to figures 3, 4 and 5) is produced in the form of an angle iron obtained by bending or welding of metal elements, and comprises substantially two parts 4, 5. The first part 4, the thickness of which corresponds substantially to that of the profile forming the frame 1, is intended to cooperate at the level thereof notably through a plurality orifices 6 which pass right through the first part 4 of said plate 2 and which allows the passage of fixing means (screws, bolts ...).

The second part 5 of this plate 2 is intended to rest on one of the side walls of the underground chamber. In addition, this 5 is much more massive than the previous 4 because it must offer with the side wall on which it rests on a significantly more contact surface important, so as to transmit and distribute the efforts that will be applied to it.

We also plan to have on this second part 5 at least one orifice 7, preferably oblong so as to offer possibilities for adjustment, this orifice allowing the passage of a fixing means.

Alternatively (not shown in the figures), we plans to have at the level of the frame 1 intended to cooperate on the upper part of the chamber underground, a plurality of legs making projecting perpendicularly and extending over the walls of the room. These legs have at least minus one orifice 7 ', preferably oblong of so as to offer possibilities for adjusting the sleeping relative to the room, this orifice authorizing the passage of a fixing means.

There are also plans to report on the wall forming the second part 5 of the plate 2, a means 8 constituting support for at least one jack and / or a self-locking arm or compass. This means 8 forming a support projects substantially according to a direction perpendicular to the stage 2 and is directed towards the interior of the chamber underground.

In addition, this support 8 is provided with an orifice 9 which allows the passage of a threaded rod 10 of which the stroke is adjustable by a system of nuts against nuts, one end of the rod threaded 10 being provided with a means of cooperation 11 (eyelet for example) with the end of the body a self-locking cylinder and / or compass.

According to another characteristic of the invention, one positions, in particular by welding on the first part 4 of plate 2, legs 12 forming projecting perpendicularly and preferentially at an angle that exceeds the right angle.

Indeed, these legs 12 are intended to receive a hinge pin 13 on which the pivot must pivot leaf 3.

Thanks to this arrangement, when the stamp or the leaf 3 is open, the position of its center gravity exceeds the vertical plane passing through the axis articulation 13 and is set back therefrom; so there needs to be positive user action on leaf 3 to make it add this position which allows its closing.

Leaf 3, whether master or slave, is produced as a cast iron pad universal type including spheroidal graphite (GS).

However, during its operation, manufacturing, special arrangements which allow mounting of buffer 3 on the plate of articulation 2 as well as the joining of accessories (lock 14, self-locking compass 15, cylinder 16).

Thus, provision is made on the internal face of the pad 3 a stand 17 which is obtained, either directly during the manufacturing operation, either indirectly, and in this case it is reported during an auxiliary operation (welding), and this stand 17 is provided with means of cooperation 18 with cylinder rod 16 and / or the end of the arm self-locking 15.

There is also on this same internal face the buffer 3, at least one groove 19 for receiving the axis articulation 13 coming from plate 2, as well as pins 26 at the rear of the joint which come to rest on heel level 20 positioned on the back side of the first part 4 of plate 2, these pins 26 facilitating the pivoting of the buffer 3 (see Figures 8, 9 and 10).

As soon as the tampon opens, the pins 26 come to rest on the heels 20 fixed on the plate 2, thus acting like a cam in order to be able to lift the pad and bring it closer thus the hinge pin 13 of the internal face of the buffer, thereby decreasing the radius on the one hand articulation, and on the other hand the friction of the buffer relative to frame 1 of the frame.

When closing, the pins 26 play the same role in reverse; moreover, when the buffer is in the closed position on the frame forming the frame 1, none of the elements participating in the articulation of the tampon is then not subject to mechanical forces applied to the external face of the buffer, due to the presence of these pins 26.

There are also plans to have a number bosses 21 which allow the fixing of plates blocking the hinge pin 13 in the throat 19.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, possibly connecting the plate articulation 2 to buffer 3 via a self-locking arm 15. This one, placed according to a coplanar direction to the cylinder (s) opening assistance, is carried out in a metal bar (see Figures 6 and 7). This last comprises, on the one hand at one of its ends a orifice 22 which cooperates with the end of the rod threaded 10 connected to the hinge plate 2, and on the other hand a light 23 in which can be move a stud 24 projecting from the stand 17 provided on the internal face of the pad 3, this light 23 ending with an ear 25 in which is housed said stud 24 when the pad 3 is in the open position, so to achieve its blocking.

The possible association of at least one jack 16 with a self-locking arm 15 conforming to a opening facilitation device which, when mounted on said plate 2 so to connect it to at least one leaf 3, allows, besides its primary function which is to facilitate opening the sash without excessive effort by a single user and this under conditions optimal safety (presence of the ear 25 on the self-locking arm 15, relative position between the opening and the mounting tab), allows also mounting the assembly in new or rehabilitation configurations.

• selon la direction a (cf. figure 2), par la présence d'orifices 6, 7, 9, sur la platine 2, qui permettent, d'une part la liaison avec le cadre 1, et d'autre part, la présence de jeu avec chaque tampon 3 ;
• selon la direction b (cf. figure 1), par la présence de la tige filetée 10, qui assure à la fois une compensation des jeux et une compression du vérin.

Indeed, the improvements made include devices which allow the adjustment of the clearances in two directions:

• in direction a (cf. FIG. 2), by the presence of orifices 6, 7, 9, on the plate 2, which allow, on the one hand the connection with the frame 1, and on the other hand, the presence play with each pad 3;
• in direction b (see FIG. 1), by the presence of the threaded rod 10, which provides both clearance compensation and compression of the jack.

There are also plans to laterally shift the support means 8 with respect to the median axis of the buffer 3, so as to allow the mounting of the opening assistance means (cylinder) according to this axis.

It remains of course that the present invention is not limited to exemplary embodiments described and represented above, but that it includes all variants.

Claims (8)

Locking device for an access door to underground galleries and civil engineering works consisting of at least one leaf (3), characterized in that it has on any side forming the frame (1) of a frame, at least one articulation plate (2) bearing on one side walls of the underground chamber, this plate (2) being provided, on the one hand with an axis articulation (13) and a support means (8) connected to a facilitation device opening to ensure the opening and closing of at least one leaf (3), the front internal leaf (3) comprising at least one groove (19) for receiving the hinge pin (13) coming from the plate (2), as well as from the pins (26) behind the hinge pin (13) which come to rest on the heels (20) positioned on the rear face of the plate (2), these pins (26) facilitating the pivoting of the leaf (3). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate (2) is made in the form of an angle iron obtained by folding or welding of metallic elements, and includes substantially two parts (4, 5), the first part (4) being intended to cooperate at the level of sleeping through a particular plurality of orifices (6), the second part (5) of this plate (2) having at least one orifice (7), preferably oblong so as to offer adjustment possibilities. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the support (8) is provided an orifice (9) which allows the passage of a rod threaded (10) whose stroke is adjustable by a nut-to-nut system, one of the ends of the threaded rod (10) being provided a means of cooperation (11) with the end of the opening facilitation device. Device according to any one of previous claims, characterized in that the plate (2) comprises, legs (12) making projecting perpendicularly and preferentially at an angle which exceeds the right angle, these legs supporting the hinge pin (13). Device according to any one of previous claims, characterized in that the inner face of the leaf (3) has special fittings that allow mounting leaf (3) on the hinge plate (2) as well as the attachment of accessories (14, 15, 16). Device according to any one of previous claims, characterized in that the inner face of the leaf (3) has a stand (17) which is provided with means for cooperation (18) with the rod of at least one jack (16) and / or the end of a self-locking arm (15), forming the facilitation device opening hours. Device according to any one of previous claims, characterized in that the self-locking arm (15) comprises, on the one hand one of its ends a hole (22) which cooperates with the end of a threaded rod (10) connected to the articulation plate (2), and on the other hand a light (23) in which a stud (24) projecting from the stand (17), this light (23) ending in an ear (25) in which is housed said stud (24) when the leaf (3) is in the open position, so as to achieve its blocking. Device according to any one of previous claims, characterized in that is articulated on a frame (1) which is provided with a plurality of projecting legs perpendicularly and extending over the walls of the room, these legs having at least one orifice (7 '), preferably oblong so to offer possibilities for adjusting the frame by report to the room.

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