FR2665211A1 - Earthquake-resistant system "SATURNE" - Google Patents

Abstract

Earthquake-resistant system for protecting oneself and for protecting dwellings and buildings from earth tremors. The invention relates to a mechanism with which it is possible to support in space, without direct contact with the ground, the type of construction in question. The invention consists of a large metal sphere (1), an inner sphere (2) concentric with (1), these spheres being integral with a vessel (3) with, in its base, lead or cast iron covers (4), the vessel being filled with concrete, the assembly constituting the "ballast". The inside of the sphere (1) is strengthened by a metal framework in the gap (5), a radial framework (7) bearing on a central sphere (8), planetary rollers (6), and satellites (17), in their cage (18), in ribs (9), (11), and (13), supporting on (1), the floor (15), at a distance from the ground. Provided in the floor (15) are openings and pockets (16) for retractable stairways (26), jacks (27), lift cages (28), ducts and channels, (14), (30), (31), (32). The sphere (1) has its bearing point on a flat surface area (12) or on a spherical shell (19) which is movable on spherical rollers (20) and (21).

Description

The present invention relates to an anti-seismic system, opposing the risks and danger of collapse, of dwellings and buildings, faced with the destructive effects of earthquakes.

The problem posed, the most important, and the most urgent to solve, is that of the security of the inhabitants, the stability of the inhabited constructions, the structures (po @ ts, tobogans ...), and to bring a more economical solution, and adequate in the implementation of deep foundations (shooting or insulated footings, pillars, posts, wells, vertical walls, piles ...) and tooth the significant cost would be reduced, replacing these types of foundations, and adapting to the anti-seismic system according to the invention, a compact, self-contained foundation, where the base of ap @ of support of the anti-seismic system according to the invention, reduced (the base), at a point of contact-without connection, provides anystem mobility, allowing it to neutralize and absorb the destructive effects of the tremors of earthquakes, which cause very many human, animal and material damage victims.

The anti-sy @ mic system according to the invention comprises, as a first characteristic, a large hollow sphere made of steel; this sphere is in equilibrium
stable, or indifferent, depending on its mobility, in a spherical bowl, or on a horizontal plane.

This large sphere, internally, has a very heavy ballast, with a
very low center of gravity, which straightens, brings the sphere back to its original point
On the sphere, are placed powerful and solid ribs, exposing the
outer surface of the sphere; these ribs, metal frames, or
massive elements according to, are provided with steel spherical rollers,
freely rotating, inside a network of other rollers of smaller diameter.

The ribs reinforced by their respective gusset, receive a floor
designed and calculated to support the successive floors of the building, which
behind not contacting the ground, gravitates around the sphere,
like a ring, which is in the image of the title of the invention; the whole assembly;
during one or more earthquakes, takes a trans-inflation movement in space, the whole supported at a distance from the ground, by the sphere
weakly mobile on its large block of beta @, constituting the foundation.

(Note; to make the drawing in Figure 2 clear, a single rib (13)
is shown in dotted lines).

Figure I shows, in cut view, the main characteristics of the anti-seismic system, placed on its horizontal plane, as well as Figure 3; 2 shows, diametrically cut, seen in plan, the anti-seismic system with other characteristics, as well as Figure 3, shown cut, on the rollers (6), upper spherical.

Referring to these drawings, the anti-seismic system comprises, a large metallic sphere (I), another internal concentric sphere (2), the two spheres integral with a ballast (3), located below the center spherical, the ballast (3) cylindrical tank, containing in its bottom screeds (4) of lead or cast iron, the tomt filled and covered with large concrete; the space existing between the two spherical walls, this space (5), is reserved for braces, or metal cells, absorbing the forces of the rollers (6), which are supported on the external surface (I) of the large sphere (I), which carries the assembly.

Schematically shown in dotted lines, a radial frame (7), terminating in, or starting from a central spherical core (8); see in figure 6 the yokes (4).

Powerful ribs (9), stiffened and reinforced by their respective gusset (10), these ribs are interconnected by arcs (11), regular in solid metal, on which also four other ribs (13 ), the whole conferring a solid structure.

The anti-seismic system, according to the invention, rests on a circular platform (12), of steel, sealed in its raft (23), of reinforced concrete, the shape of this raft having that of a large spherical bulb. , or in a cone trunk.

Reservations (14), ###### e at the end of the system are provided. Over the entire circumference of the crown, carrying the main floor (15); reservations (14), for the passage of ducts and pipes evacuation (30) of waste water; on the floor (15), are provided other reservations and hoppers (16), for the passage of esoaliers (26) retractable, telescopic cylinders (27), stabilizers and shock absorbers 'oscillations; hoppers for elevator shafts (28), connecting the floors to the ground, Figure 8, schematizes this description
Figures 9 and 10 show, in cut and plan view, the small opening (19) part of a steel sphere, resting freely, on rollers (20) and (21), also made of steel, prisoners and rolling in a common cage (22),
sealed in a large reinforced concrete m-assif (23), formed by uzr radier.

The bowl (19) is securely held by chains (24), not stretched and fixed to the cage (22); a seal (25) made of foam-rubber or similar surrounds the assembly. Figure (7), schematizes , the rocking movements of the sphere (I) and its ballast (3), opposite to the earthquakes.

The anti-seismic system according to the invention involves the choice of a
foundation, resistant, simple, easy and quick to install
poured concrete, without formwork, directly into the excavation, the
simplest and most rational form, will correspond to that which one must give to the raft (23), that is to say a most economic foundation
(according to the classification of the ground and the ground, a drainage by big rubble stones, or sump can be imposed).

During the implementation of the raft (23), the installation is carried out, and
perfectly level sealing in fresh concrete of the cage (22)
with its rollers (20) and (21), on which the bowl (19) is supported, maintained by sections of large chains (24), this is the first phase of the realization. (Note; there are as many chains as there are large rollers (20).

The following phase of the embodiment rests the construction, on site by elements, assembled respectively between them; successively, on the
spherical cap (19), we build the anti-seismic system, according to the in
-vention, by its metallic structure, in a coordination of its parts
referenced to its main elements, such, initially part of the great
sphere (1), the installation of the screeds (4) in lead or cast iron,
tank (3), then filled with its ballast ;; comes the realization of the others
elements linked to each other, such as the internal sphere (2), the frame
grooves, or cells, in space (5), radial framework (7), and the small
central sphere (8).

The last phase, for the realization, is the installation of the ribs (9)
and (13), with their large spherical rollers (6), pre-mounted in their housing
respective, the mounting of the elements is done from the four ribs (95
having their curvilinear gusset (10), connecting the assembly, with the aros (11), the whole solidly structured, by the circular framework of the floor (i 5); ; the ribs (9) and (13), are provided and manufactured, each in two or
three sections, or several sections depending, which with their point of articulation
-culation, allows transport with a reduced bulk, and facilitates assembly, by deploying the sections of the ribs (9) and (13), using
cables, pulleys, actuated by a winch, the whole ribbed structure, is locked at the top and its various points of articulation.

Aros (II) can also be made in two or more elements.

The anti-seismic system according to the invention can also be applied unduly
- mainly in construction, bridges, slides, and other works ...

Figure 4 and Figure 5, respectively represent the views cut on the rolling device, based on the sphere (1), identical device, provided, to each of the ribs, (9) and (13).

 referring to these drawings 4 and 5, the device comprises a planetary spherical roller (6), placed inside its spherical rollers (17), satellites, the latter retained, but mobile in their common cage (18), the whole, taken in the considered rib.

 a 5 figure 6 represents, the whole of the anti-seismic system according to the invention; initially, the sphere (1), at its fulcrum K, in the center of the bowl (19), in equilibrium, with any the mass of the structure that it supports, building included, above the ground.

To center, possible moments of force, (OPERATING CHARGES, ON
LOAD (SNOW), or action of the wind, which could imply only a few slight oscillating movements to the assembly, powerful telescopic, hydraulic cylinders (27), in contact with the ground, ensure and carry out a perfect balance of the anti-seismic system according to the invention, and of the building carried.

During a shock, or several more or less violent earthquakes, the large carrier sphere (I) shows a rocking movement, the amplitude of the oscillation of which is inversely proportional, to the intensity of the earthquakes , and the sphere (I), and all that it carries, have a very fast damping of the oscillations.

On the drawings, referenced in the figures, 1,2,6,7,11, the arrows with their index "S", indicate the direction of the "earthquake", simultaneously opposed to the movement of the large sphere and its whole carried, movements in the opposite direction to earthquakes, are represented by arrows, straight lines and respective curves of index "O".

Figure 7 shows schematically one of the main characteristics of the anti-seismic system; the sphere (I), with its ballast (3), whose support base is reduced to uzr point K, common to (I) and (3) , and to the spherical cap (19), the rocking movements, following the curved arrows with index "O", are shown exaggerated, to clearly show the opposite directions of the earthquake reliefs with its index "S", which, "imaged", in figure 7 would have pulses
whose frequencies would be much lower than those of real earthquake tremors; in reality it is the opposite that will occur, between the terrestrial rump which has violent impulses at high frequencies (it is the operator osiller) and the anti-seismic system and the building (oscillator resonator); the following description explains how it works.

In the description, page 4, line 26, referenced in Figure 7, in this case
of figure "pictorial, the rocking movements, alternating and successive
of the sphere (I), and of its ballast (3), have the same frequency as those of the shakes
- its seismic; in this case very rare but which is not exolus, the inertia
of the anti-seismic system and of the building, being very negligible, the whole
-ble, moves slowly, on the curved bottom, of the work (19), and the
ballast (3) heavy treks with its screeds (4) of lead, or cast iron, with the floor
(15), below the very low center of gravity, the slack amplitudes
vein of rocker of the sphere (I) are thwarted, braked and damped by
the ballast (3) in this case, on its horizontal plane (12), or on its cap
(19) spherical, whatever the movements, and whatever the
directions and intensities of the tremors; the whole is practically raste, very
near its fulcrum "K 17, and resumes its initial position and place,
from the end of the earthquakes, on (19), or on its horizontal plane (12),
The anti-seismic system and its load, thus remaining practically
e2r same location, hydraulic cylinders (27) and telescopic, grazing
the ground, ensuring the total balance of the building's ring-crown.

the anti-seismic system is provided with an ultra sensitive shock detector
and earthquakes, this detector immediately triggers the ascent
partial cylinders (27), stairs (26), retractable, and cages
elevator (28), this operation is performed from a computer
programmed, on the intensities of the earthquakes.

As described on page 4, lines 18 to 21, when the earthquake is
high intensity, conversely the sphere (I) rocks weakly, almost
on site, on its cap (19), which too, on its rollers (20), and (21),
absorbs seismic shocks; it is the sphere (I), which tends to
roll, on the rollers (6) of the ribs (! and (13), the latter, support the floor (15), horizontally with the building, the whole sta
- mobilized by the ballast (3), takes a simultaneous movement, of translations
horizontal and vertical, only the powerful cylinders (27) provided at their
base of rubber-wrapped or similar wheels, level the ground, and
ensure balance.

Thus, a solution can be provided by the anti-seismic system, according to
the invention, which can eliminate the resonances caused by the
-pidations and vibrations, during an earthquake.

All water, electricity, gas and wastewater outlets,
are provided by special expandable ducts and pipes,
flexible, resilient, in reservations, (14), (30), (31), (32); The system
anti-seismic, according to the invention, is provided, to protect themselves and protect
homes, bridges, slides, and other works, tremors
earthen.

Claims (9)

 1) Anti-seismic system, opposing the risks and dangers of collapse  of dwellings and buildings, during earthquakes, characterized  in that it comprises, a large sphere (I), an opening (3), cylindrical, with  its ballast (4), ribs (9), and ribs (13), with their rollers (6)  respective spherical gussets (10) integral with the ribs, supporting  a main floor (15), a support base (12), or according to, a cap (19)  spherical, and connecting arcs (11).  2) anti-seismic system according to claim 1, characterized in that,  internally and concentrically to sphere (I), another  sphere (2), with a space (5), with metallic cross-pieces, or cells, a  radial frame (7), converging to a centered sphere (8), to both  spheres (I) and (a).  3) Anti-seismic system according to claim I, characterized in that,  the opening (3), contains at its bottom a ballast (4), constituted by screeds of  lead or cast iron, the tank (3), filled with concrete.  4) Anti-seismic system according to claim 1, characterized in that,  the ribs (9) and (13) have planetary rollers (6), each roller  planetary, surrounded by its satellite rollers (17), in their cage (18).  5) Anti-seismic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, on  the floor (15), are reserved hoppers (16) and various passages, such  (14), (30) wastewater, and incoming electricity (31), water and gas (32).  6) Anti-seismic system according to claim 5, characterized in that  the hoppers reserve the passage, to retractable stairs (26), and to  hydraulic cylinders (27), and elevator shafts (28).  -ensor (28).  -tronic, controls the stairs (26), the jacks (27), and the lift shafts  - earthquake and vibration detector, which by an electrical device (7) Anti-seismic system, according to claim 6, characterized by a detection  8) Anti-seismic system according to claim 1, characterized by a flat  -form (12) in steel, seellée on its slab (23) in reinforced concrete.  9) Anti-seismic system, according to revendi cation 1, characterized by a  spherical cap (19), of steel, soft, on its rollers (20), spherical, and  spherical rollers (21), of smaller diameter, these rollers, (20) and (21),  mobile in their cage (22), common, soelle in its raft (23) in  reinforced concrete.  internal device.  chains (24), fixed to the cage (22); a circular joint (25) protects the  characterized in that the spherical cap (19) is retained by I0) Anti-seismic system according to claim I, or claim 9,