SU1763554A1 - Bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

Summary of the invention: a bridge containing vertical two-section wells located on the banks, the lower parts of which are connected by pipes to the river bed. Inside one of the | sections of each well there is a support with a base of a floating pontoon .. Inside the other section there is a float with a device that fixes the water level. The supports and the inner walls of the wells have rollers for vertical movements of the supports relative to the wells. 7 il.

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydrology and construction, in particular to hydrometric facilities, which can be used on rivers with stable channels and banks in the presence of ice drift with a maximum width along the water edge of 50 m, with an amplitude of water level fluctuations of up to 3.5- 4.0 m and ice thickness up to 0.5 m.

A suspension bridge is known for performing hydrometric measurements on rivers, including a bridge, suspended from the bearing cables of the bridge, U-shaped supports with foundations, tensioning devices connected to the carrying cables of the bridge for anchoring the bridge and supporting the specified sag of carrying cables, fixed equalizing block rollers for the supporting ropes of the bridge, fixed on supports coaxially with their uprights, and wind ties in the form of ropes connected by one ends to a bridge crossing, and the other ends E i zaakkerovannyh on the banks on both sides of the bridge.

The disadvantage of the known suspension bridge is that it is intended, mainly, (due to the hydrometric rod used on the hydrological network of not more than 3 m long) for performing measurement work only at high water levels. This circumstance limits the operational capabilities of the suspension bridge. In addition, the presence of sufficiently long wind stretches in the form of ropes makes it difficult to operate the bridge when the wind is acting on the bridge.

A floating bridge for moving, transporting is known, including a floating part, which is a beam system on floating vessels behind indigenous supports, entrances to the bridge in the form of an earth embankment or overpass, and a connecting part between the floating part and entrances in the form of elevators; bridge wrench

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ships and, in some cases, an icebreaker, consisting of one or more spans of the floating part. The matching part of the bridge is the most constructively complex. Its purpose is to create a transition between the decks of entrances. The towers have a permanent mark and the floor of the floating part, the mark of which depends on the horizon of the water in the river and the location of the temporary load on the floor of the floating part. The disadvantage of the known floating bridge is the complexity of the design and operation of the bridge, as well as the maintenance of floating supports. For this reason, the known floating bridge is mainly used as a temporary structure.

The closest to the invention according to the technical nature (chosen for the prototype) is a stationary floating bridge, including a span structure, supports with bases made of floating pontoons made of reinforced concrete and equipped with a symmetrical rotation sheath, which is rigidly connected to the located below water flat pontoon covering her like a ring.

However, the known stationary floating bridge does not provide a fixed Lormu cross-section of the river bed, which excludes the possibility of performing hydrometric measurements from the bridge.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the operational and functional capabilities of the bridge by providing hydrometric measurements.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the bridge in question, which includes the span, supports with floating pontoons, stretches fixed on the banks of the river and the span, and the regulatory structures, is located 50 the banks are vertical two-section wells and floats with devices that fix the water level, with a support with a pontoon inside one of the sections of each well and a float in the other, while the lower parts of the sections of each well are connected Bami among themselves and with the riverbed, and the support and

Signs that distinguish the claimed invention from the prototype were not implied by the technical solutions in this area, and therefore they provide the claimed technical solution with the criterion of significant differences,

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of part of the bridge along the axis with mmo

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the inner walls of the wells have rollers for vertical displacements of the supports relative to the wells, and the extensions are fixed to the superstructure through shock absorbers.

The gaps between the supports and the inner walls of the wells are blocked by protected devices made in the form of plate springs fixed along the perimeter of the upper end of the wells and abutted against the side surfaces of the supports.

The pontoons are made with vertical

15 openings in their central parts.

The wells are filled with non-freezing liquid with a bulk weight less than the bulk weight of water.

Comparison of the proposed technical solution with the prototype and analogues of the invention made it possible to establish compliance with its novelty criterion. The proposed bridge meets the criterion of significant differences

25 because the use of well-known features in the construction (the superstructure, supports with bases made of floating pontoons, stretching to bridge the bridge, regulatory

30 facilities) in combination with unknowns (presence of two-section wells located on both banks, supports with pontoons and floats with devices located in wells, connecting 35 denini by means of pipes of the lower parts of sections of each well among themselves and with the river bed the walls of the wells of the rollers, fastening the plants to

40 span structure through shock absorbers) ensures the achievement of the objectives of the invention.

Due to the use of the proposed set of unknown elements of the signs, the properties of the proposed technical solution appear to be properties that do not coincide with the properties of the known technical solutions, which ultimately achieve the objectives of the invention. With

- 50 obtaining other well-known technical solutions in this field of technology features that distinguish the claimed invention from the prototype, have not been identified and therefore they provide the claimed technical solution with the criterion of significant differences,

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a part of the bridge along the axis of the mmotion, in FIG. 2 a part of the bridge in plan 1, in FIG. 3 - node I in figure 1; FIG. L is a view along BB in FIG. 3; figure 5 - node II in figure 2; figure 6 is a view along GG in figure 1; figure 7 is a view according to DD in figure 1,

The bridge contains vertical two-section wells 1 on foundations-slabs with guides 2 embedded in the walls of wells, sand and gravel bed 3 in natural soil 4. Before and behind the construction, sanding backfill 5 is poured at the top of the wells 1 anchored by anchors 6 with anchor plates 7 in natural k and bulk 5 soils. Inside wells 1 there are supports 8 with pontoons 9 fixed at their base. The supporting ropes of bridge 10 with span structure 11 suspended from them are fixed by means of fixed blocks-rollers 12 to the floor of supports 8. Tension of supporting ropes 10 is regulated by tension devices 13 (figure 1). The flying strontium 11 was detached using wind bonds of the dike 15. In the two-section well 1 in the smaller cross section of the section a float lb is placed, the vertical movements of which are fixed by the device. The wells 1 are connected to the river bed by means of pipes 17 (FIG. 2), and the sections of the well are interconnected by means of a pipe 18 with a grid 18a installed inside it in cross section. Rollers 19 are fixed on the juice surface of the pontoon 9 and on the guides 2. At the upper end of the wells 1 are mounted plate springs 20 to close the gaps between the supports 8 and the walls of the wells 1. Stretches 1 contain shock absorbers 21 and tensioning devices 13. The stretch ends are fixed on moving eyes. The soil 5 before the construction is reinforced with stone paving 23. The hydrometric work from the bridge is completed with a suspension ladder 24 and a ladder 25. The pontoon 9 is equipped with vertical openings 26 in their central parts. Above the wells 1 between the guides 2 there are passages 27 to the bridge. Inside the supports 8 are mounted stairs 28 for descending into wells.

The construction of the structure is carried out in the following sequence.

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Ditches for wells 1 and anchor plates 7 in the summer low water period A are detached. A ditch protection for the well is carried out, water is removed from the excavation pit. The bed 3 is poured, compacted, and the formwork is installed on it to a certain height to perform reinforced concrete works on the well 1 and dams 15. After the well is erected (with the installation of pipes 17, 18), the strut 6 is mounted and the anchor plate 7- Support 8 is installed in the well. mounted on rollers 19 (fig. 6) which are also mounted in the upper part of the well (fig. 3) and on the guides 2.i fixed roller blocks 12 are mounted on the floor of the support 8, and then the supporting ropes of the bridge 10 and the span building 11.

The construction works as follows.

At a constant level of water in the river of the Archimedes River, the force acting on the pontoon 9 is balanced by the action of the sum of the projections of forces on the vertical axis of the weight of the structure of the support 8 with the pontoon 9, half of the weight of the span structure 11, the vertical tension tension of tension I and the forces of resistance to the vertical movement of the support 8 (rolling friction of the rollers 19, friction of plate springs

5 20 about the surface of the support 8). When the water level in the river rises to a certain height, thanks to pipes 17, the water level in the well rises to the same height. As a result of Archimedes

0, the force will become greater than the sum of the projections of the above listed forces directed downward, and the support 8 with the superstructure 11 also rises up to the same height. When lowering the level of water in a river in the same way as described, the water level in the well and the support 8 with the superstructure 11 will be lowered, since in this case the weight of the structure exceeds the resistance forces and the Archimedean force.

Due to the presence in the construction of pipes 18 and 17, a static change in the water level in the well section 1, where the float 16 is located, will occur in the same way as in the section where the bearing 8 with the pontoon 9 is located. At the same time, random fluctuations in the water level in the section where support 8 is located, due to the presence of the grid 18a in the pipe

18 will be extinguished in the pipe. Therefore, the device will record a static change in the water level in the river with the required accuracy (The dimensions j of the grid cells 18a are taken on the basis of calculations of the damping of the fluid oscillations). The pipes 17 wok with the pipe 18 ensure reliable operation of the bridge when a random plug forms in one of the

pipes 17.

With a joint action on the well 1 of the operational horizontal load from the tension of the carrying ropes of the bridge 10, the active pressure of the bulk soil 5 and the wind load (active forces), the well may receive a shift towards the river. The frictional forces at the base of the well 1, the spout of dumped soil 5 in front of the well, the spout of natural 4 and dumped ground 5 in front of the anchor plate 7 and the stump of soil 5 before dams 15 (passive forces) prevent this shift. Similarly, these active forces will tend to overturn the well around the axis passing through the tipping point j a to passive forces to keep the well from overturning relative to the same axis.

The well works in a similar way under the action of a horizontal wind load directed normally to the longitudinal axis of the bridge.

Under the action of the wind load on the superstructure 11, the latter, moving, puts into operation the stretch 1, which loads the dams 15 through the moving eyes. The dams, under the influence of this loading, transfer the pressure to the ground 5, into which they are buried, i.e. include in the work. priming. In the extreme upper position of the support 8, when it perceives large transverse forces from the thrust of the supporting ropes of the bridge 10, the support frame loads individual rollers 19. The reactive forces in these rollers, directed normally to the axis of the support 8, create an opposite-reactive torque, balancing the external bending moment from the thrust bearing ropes of the bridge 10.

Removal of alluvial deposits from the bottom of wells is performed using vertical openings 26 in pontoons.

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y, in which the suction pipe from the pumps.

The invention, as compared with the known ones, and in contrast to the prototype, provides the necessary complex of high-quality hydrometric measurements and other works from the bridge. At the same time, performance of different hydrometric works in one combined hydro space (taking into account the data of the water level recorder interacting with the float) generally improves the level of hydrological information obtained at this watercourse, facilitates the work of network workers and reduces operating costs.

When removing sediment from the bottom of wells due to vertical openings in their central parts, it is not necessary to remove supports from pontoons from wells, which (especially if the hydraulic infrastructure is remote from settlements) is an expensive measure.

Claims (3)

1. A bridge including a span, supports with bases made of floating pontoons, extensions fixed on the banks of the river and a span, and regulative structures, characterized in that in order to expand operational and functional capabilities by providing hydrometric measurements, it is equipped with vertical two-section wells located on the banks and floats with instruments that record the water level, with a support with a pontoon inside one of the sections of each well and a float in the other. the lower parts of the sections of each well are connected by pipes to each other and to the riverbed, and the spores and internal walls of the wells have rollers for vertical movements of the supports relative but wells, and stretching attached to the superstructure through shock absorbers. 2. The bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the gaps between the supports and the inner walls of the wells are covered with protective devices made in the road 9 lamellar springs fixed along the perimeter of the upper end of the wells and resting against the side surfaces of the supports. 3. The bridge pop. 1, is different from the fact that the pontoons were made ten with vertical openings in their central parts. C. Bridge according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the wells are filled with non-freezing liquid with a bulk weight less than the bulk weight of water. i & i 15  21 ; j I1 15 Fig.Z FIG. five YY 6 FIG. 7