FR2612567A1 - DEVICE FOR THE TREATMENT OF A LIQUID FUEL BY CAVITATION - Google Patents

Abstract

THE DEVICE FOR THE TREATMENT OF A LIQUID FUEL BY CAVITATION WHICH IS THE SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION INCLUDES A CHAMBER 1 WITH A DELIVERY DUCT 2, ON WHICH IS MOUNTED A BYPASS VALVE 25, AND A DRAINAGE DUCT 4. TWO ULTRASONIC JET RADIATORS 9, 10 ARE ARRANGED IN BEDROOM 1 COAXALLY RELATIVE TO ONE THE OTHER, EACH CONSISTING OF TWO PALLETS 11, 12 IN THE SHAPE OF ARCHIMEDAL SPIRAL ARRANGED ON A BASE 13 AND FORMING PIPES 16 BY THE INSIDE SURFACE 14 OF ONE 11 OF THE PALLETS AND THE OUTER SURFACE 15 OF THE OTHER PALLET 12. ONE OF THE ULTRASONIC JET RADIATORS 9 IS RIGIDLY FIXED IN CHAMBER 1 ON THE SIDE OF DUCT D 'EVACUATION 4. THE SECOND ULTRASONIC JET RADIATOR 10 IS ORIENTED BY ITS PALLETS TOWARDS THE FIRST ULTRASONIC JET RADIATOR 9 AND FIXED SO THAT IT CAN MOVE IN RELATION TO RADIATOR 9. PALLETS 11, 12 OF THE SECOND ULTRASONIC RADIATOR A JETS 10 ARE LOCATED BETWEEN THE PALLETS 11, 12 OF THE FIRST ULTRASONIC JET RADIATOR 9 THUS COVERING ITS TUBES 16.

Description

The present invention relates to devices for treating fuels,

gaseous materials,

  combustible mixtures and, more particularly, the dis-

  positive for the treatment of a liquid fuel by

cavitation.

  The present invention can be applied to the treatment of heavy fuel types before their combustion in internal combustion engines on means

  of transport and in boilers of thermal engines

  in the thermal energy production industry

than.

  During the processing of a liquid fuel

  of in known devices, including homogeneous-

  The liquid fuel is subjected to the ultrasonic treatment accompanied by cavitation. However, cavitation treatment itself is not considered the most important and known designs do not realize the principle of obtaining

  cavitation of maximum intensity and this is the reason

  its why we don't take full advantage of the influence

  this specific positive of cavitation on the characteristics

  physical and chemical properties of a liquid fuel

  of. Since a high cavitation energy of a combustible

  liquid wheat is only partially used in

  known devices, we are forced to spend, for as-

  provide a desired degree of homogenization of a fuel

  ble, great power for the operation of said devices. We know a mixer for liquids and gases (cf. for example, author's certificate of the U. R. S. S

  30. N 316 482) which has a common room in the-

  what is a row of acoustic or ultrasonic jet radiators. Liquids or gases to be mixed

  are brought by the tubes located at the bottom of the cham-

  bre. Mixed liquids and gases are discharged through a discharge tube installed on the upper surface

at the end of the room.

  Acoustic or ultrasonic radiators with

2 2612567

  jets are mounted in series, according to the flow of liquids

  or gases to be mixed, coaxially compared to

  port to the exhaust pipe and they are interconnected by means of exhaust lights made in the bottoms of the jet radiators. Acoustic radiators

  or ultrasonic jets consist of two pucks-

  tes in the form of an Archimedes spiral, arranged on the base and forming, by the inside surface of a pallet and by the outside surface of the second pallet, nozzles. This embodiment of the jet radiators

  allows to generate acoustic vibrations and ultra-

  sound in a flow of a liquid fuel by frei-

  alternative flow of said flow in the nozzles and chambers

  pallet standards of profiled jets radiators.

  The directions of flow of the liquid flows through the

  channels and nozzles of jet radiators coincide.

  As for the flows of liquid fuel subjected to the action of acoustic vibrations, they leave the exhaust lights made in the bottoms of the jet radiators and then pass from one radiator to the other by circulating through a common chamber, circulate at through

  zones of maximum intensity of acoustic vibrations

  that they are subjected to the most intense mixing. This design of jet radiators does not allow liquid fuel to be treated with

  maximum intensity in case the flow rate or properties

  The physical and chemical tees of a liquid fuel change and, above all, the viscosity and density of

the latter change.

  We therefore proposed to develop a

  such a device for the treatment of a combustible

  quide by vavitation, the design of which would increase the processing efficiency of a liquid fuel in the event of a variation, over a wide range, in the flow rate or physical and chemical properties of a liquid fuel, the consumption of energy for

  the functioning of said devices being minimal.

  The problem posed is solved using a dis-

  positive for the treatment of a liquid fuel by cavitation comprising a cylindrical chamber, provided with a supply pipe and a discharge pipe,

  two ultrasonic jet heaters arranged in a

  coaxial with each other and made up,

  each, by two pallets in the shape of an Archimè spiral-

  of arranged on the base, oriented by their sides

  it has one towards the other and forming, by the surface in-

  of a pallet and by the external surface of

  the second pallet, nozzles, one of the ul-

  tra-sonic jets being rigidly fixed by its base in

  the chamber on the side of the exhaust pipe,

  risé, according to the invention, in that the second ultrasonic jet radiator is oriented by its pallets towards the first jet radiator and fixed so that it can

  move relative to the latter, in that the va-

  their displacement is to be chosen according to the

  bit and the physical and chemical properties of a com-

  bustible, in that the paddles of the second ultrasonic jet radiator are oriented in the direction of

  spiral opposite to that of the pallets of the first radia-

  jet torch so as to cover its nozzles and in that a bypass valve is mounted on the pipe

of supply.

  It is advantageous to make the valve

  adjustable bypass to maintain optimum speed

  the flow of a liquid fuel upon entering the

  nozzles for ultrasonic jet radiators.

  Use of the device for milking

  ment of a liquid fuel by cavitation makes it possible to efficiently treat a liquid fuel

  when the flow rate and physical properties vary

  chemical and liquid fuel in a lar-

  ge range. Despite the variation in flow and properties

  physical and chemical tees of a liquid fuel, the optimal parameters of an ultrasonic field remain

4 2615 67

  automatically as they were and contribute to obtaining the maximum intensity of cavitation

  liquid fuel. The device for milking

  liquid fuel by cavitation ensures a high degree of homogeneity of heavy liquid fuels

  low energy consumption for operation

  ment of said device and makes it possible to obtain a fine

  persion of water as well as resinous materials and as-

  phaltics of a liquid fuel. It should be noted that the inorganic mechanical impurities practically do not change their dimensions. The device making

  the object of the present invention does not disperse the

  abrasive particles of mechanical impurities from a combustible

  liquid, and thus does not precipitate the wear of the feet

these in internal combustion engines.

  The invention will be better understood and other objects, details and advantages thereof will appear

  better in light of the following description of

  different embodiments given only at ti-

  be an example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:

  - Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the dis-

  positive for the treatment of a liquid fuel by cavitation, according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a section along line II-II of Figure 1, according to the invention;

  - Figure 3 is a section along line III-

  III of Figure 1, according to the invention.

  The device for the treatment of a combus-

  liquid cavitation tible has a cylindrical chamber

  drique 1 (Figure 1) comprising a supply pipe 2, arranged in a cylindrical wall 3 of the chamber 1, a discharge pipe 4, arranged in the bottom 5 of the chamber 1, and a cover 6 fixed to a flange 7 of

  chamber 1 by means of studs 8. Ultra-low heaters

  tra-sonic jets 9 and 10 are arranged coaxially to each other in said chamber 1. Each of the ultrasonic jet radiators 9, 10 represents two pallets 11, 12 made in the form of a spiral d '' Archimedes and arranged on a base 13. Pallets 11, 12 of each ultrasonic jet radiator 9, 10

  are oriented towards each other by their cone sides

  cellars. The inner surface 14 (Figure 2) of a pallet-

  te 11 and the outer surface 15 of another pallet 12 of each ultrasonic jet radiator form nozzles 16. The ultrasonic jet radiator 9 (Figure 1) is fixedly mounted by its base 13 on the bottom 5 of the chamber 1. A central orifice 17, arranged coaxially with respect to the exhaust pipe 4, is formed in the base 13 of the ultrasonic radiator

jet 9.

  It is possible to produce another variant where the ultrasonic jet radiator 9 is rigidly fixed and placed above the bottom 5 of the cylindrical chamber 1.

  The ultrasonic jet radiator 10 is oriented

  2Q tee by its pallets 11, 12 towards the ultrasonic radiator with jets 9 and fixed so that it can move relative to the radiator 9 along the axis 18 of the chamber

  1. A screw 20, which can be turned using a plate

  that 19, is fixed in the upper part of the base 13 of the ultrasonic jet radiator 10. The screw 20 is placed in a threaded orifice 21 of the cover 6. A sealing element 23, which is tightened by means of '' a nut 24 connected by thread with the cover 6, is on the tail

22 of screw 20.

  The paddles 11, 12 (Figure 3) of the ultrasonic jet radiator 10 have a spiral direction opposite to that of the paddles 11, 12 of the ultrasonic jet radiator 9. The paddles 11, 12 of the ultrasonic radiator with jets

  jets 10 are arranged between the pallets 11, 12 of the ra-

  9-jet ultrasonic diator covering the nozzles

entry of the latter.

  An adjustable bypass valve 15 available

  sée in a body 26 provided with a cover 27 is mounted on the supply line 2 (Figure 1). Driving 28

  of the fuel drain is mounted in the cy-

  the indric of the body 26 of the bypass valve 25.

  One end of a spring 30 is threaded on the

  tail 29 of the bypass valve 25. The other end

  spring mite 30 is fixed on a stop 31 arranged

  in the upper part of the body 26 and can move

  cer along the axis 32 of the body 26. A bolt 33 with a lock nut 34 is supported on the stop 31. The bolt 33 is disposed in an orifice 35 of the cover 27 by means of a threaded assembly. The supply line 2 is connected to a pressure gauge (not shown in the drawing)

  through a fitting 36.

  The device for the treatment of a combus-

  tible liquid by cavitation works as follows. Liquid fuel arrives in the cylindrical chamber 1 (Figure 1) through the supply line

  2. Then the liquid fuel arrives through the pipes

  res 16 (Figures 2, 3), in the channels formed by the interior and exterior surfaces 14, 15 of the pallets 11, 12 of the ultrasonic jet radiators 9, 10. At the outlet of said channels, the flow of a fuel liquid

  goes towards a curvilinear obstacle formed by the sur-

  continuous inner faces 14, pallets 11, 12 of

  ultrasonic jet radiators where a freeze occurs

  the flow of liquid fuel. As a result, there are

  energy transformation of the fuel flow

  ble liquid in high frequency oscillatory energy

  which leads to determined reports of the frequency

  ce and the intensity of oscillations, to the phenomenon of ca-

  excitation in the stream of liquid fuel, hence a significant improvement in the service qualities of a

treated liquid fuel.

  The cavitation of a liquid fuel reaches a maximum intensity at determined parameters of the ultrasonic field (acoustic pressure, frequency of

  vibrations) which are defined by the pressure of a combustion

  liquid tible in front of the nozzles 16 of the ultra-radiators

  sound with jets 9, 10 and by the dimensional ratios

between these.

  The maximum value of the pressure upstream of the nozzles 16 of the ultrasonic jet radiators 9, 10 depends, in order to obtain maximum cavitation of a liquid fuel, on the flow rate of the latter and on its physical properties and chemicals (viscosity, density, surface tension) and is to be established using the

  bypass valve 25 (Figure 1) mounted on the line

  supply head 2. Once the pressure value of a

  established liquid bustible, control is done using a pressure gauge (not shown in the drawing), connected to

  the supply line 2. A desired pressure of a fuel-

  liquid target upstream of the nozzles 16 (Figure 2) of the radiators

  ultrasonic jet diators 9, 10 can be adjusted by

  rotating the bolt 33 (Figure 1) which displaces

  cer the stop 31, thus tightening and loosening the spring 30. Therefore, the quantity of liquid fuel, which passes through the bypass valve 25 from the supply line 2, varies in the evacuation line

fuel 28.

  If the flow rate and the physical and chemical properties of a liquid fuel change

  to obtain maximum cavitation in the flow of a

  liquid bustible, the ultrasonic jet radiator 10 is movable relative to the ultrasonic jet radiator 9, placed immobile in the chamber 1,

  by turning the tail 22 of the screw 20 which comes off

  place along the axis 18 of the cylindrical chamber 1.

  This results in a variation in the recovery rate of

  inlet nozzles 16 (Figure 2, 3) of the ultra-radiators

  sound with jets 9, 10, that is to say a variation of the passage section of the channels formed by the paddles 11, 12 of the ultrasonic jets radiators 9, 10. It

  It should be noted that the shape of these channels as well as the speed

  flow of liquid fuel at the inlet of the nozzles 16 of the ultrasonic jet radiators 9, 10 remain the same.

  The variation in the flow rate of a liquid fuel

  de, which arrives through the device, does not cause

  variation of a given pressure in the line of a-

  conducted 2 (Figure 1). The constant pressure of a fuel-

  liquid tible in the event of a variation in its flow rate supports the bypass valve carrying out the evacuation of an excess liquid fuel through the line 28. The optimal pressure value for a fuel

  given liquid is to be established by moving the bou-.

  lon 33 of bypass valve 25 blocked by means

lock nut 34.

  Thus, the device for treating a liquid fuel by cavitation makes it possible to treat only a desired quantity of liquid fuel while eliminating unnecessary costs for the simultaneous treatment of a large quantity of liquid fuel. The device making

  the subject of the invention provides treatment with cavita-

  maximum intensity of all liquid fuels

  in the whole range of variations in the flow of a

  liquid bustible regardless of its physical properties

ques and chemical.

  The change in physical properties and

  chemicals of a liquid fuel during operation

  of the device (for example during heating of the

  fuel) can lead to a variation in the flow

  read from a treated fuel. In this case the flow you want

  lu of a liquid fuel is to be established by changing

  link the passage section of the channels formed by the

  lettes 11, 12 of the ultrasonic jet radiators 9, 10

as indicated above.

  If long-term treatment is required

  duration of another type of liquid fuel with

  other physical and chemical properties, it was born

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  stop adjusting, using the bypass valve

  25 adjustable (as just described above), a new pressure, optimal for a given fuel,

  in line 2 and check it using the pressure gauge

  tre, After having displaced the bolt 33 of the adjustable bypass valve 25 by a required value, it must

  be locked in its new position by means of the counter

nut 34.

  The use of this device for the treatment of a liquid fuel by cavitation allows

  to improve the service qualities of a liquid fuel

  quide, especially heavy fuels, which contributes to more efficient combustion in engines

  explosion and in the boilers of thermal machines

  ques. As a result, the efficiency of internal combustion engines

  and thermal machines rises, micros-

  carbon deposits on the parts of the di-

  minue, the exhaust gases contain less

  smoke stanzas, losses are reduced during the preparation of fuel for combustion, especially at its

  purification, thanks to which we avoided making the separation

  tion of combustions with a viscosity up to 300 cSt

at a temperature of 20 C.

Claims (2)

  1. Device for the treatment of a combustible   liquid wheat by cavitation comprising a cylindrical chamber   drique (1) provided with a supply pipe and a   discharge tube (2, 4), two ultrasonic jet radiators (9, 10) arranged in the chamber (1) in a coaxial manner with respect to each other, each constituted,   by two pallets (11, 12) in the form of an Archimè spiral   arranged on a base (13), oriented on their sides   concave towards each other and forming by the surface in-   one (11) of the pallets and by the external surface (15) of the other pallet (12), and of the nozzles (16), one of the ultrasonic jet radiators   (9) being rigidly fixed by its base (13) in the cham-   bre (1) on the side of the discharge pipe (4),   laughed at that the second ultrasonic jet radiator   (10) is oriented by its pallets (11, 12) towards the first   mier ultrasonic radiator with jets (9) and fixed in a manner   re that it can move relative to this radiator (9), the displacement value being chosen as a function   flow and physical and chemical properties of the   liquid, and in that the paddles (11, 12) of the second ultrasonic jet radiator (10) are oriented in the opposite spiral direction to that of the paddles (11, 12) of the first ultrasonic radiator with jets (9) and   are arranged between the pallets (11, 12) of the first rack   ultrasonic jet diator (9) so as to cover   its nozzle (16), a bypass valve (25) being assembled tee on the supply line (2).   2. Device according to claim 1, charac-   that the bypass valve (25) is adjustable corn.