FI81971C - ANORDNING FOER KAVITATIONSBEHANDLING AV FLYTANDE BRAENSLE. - Google Patents

Description

Apparatus for cavitation treatment of liquid fuels 1 81971

The present invention relates to devices 5 for the treatment of fuel, gaseous substances or fuel mixtures, and more particularly to devices for the cavitation treatment of liquid fuel.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION When treating liquid fuel in known equipment, including homogenizers, the liquid fuel is subjected to ultrasonic treatment followed by cavitation. However, no preference is given to this cavitation treatment, and the design of such devices does not include means to achieve maximum cavitation efficiency, so that the particularly favorable effect of cavitation on the physicochemical properties of liquid fuels is not fully exploited in such devices. Since the high cavitation energy of liquid-20 fuel is not utilized to ensure the desired degree of fuel homogenization, very high power is required to operate such devices.

A mixer for liquids and gases 25 is generally known in the art (cf. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 316482), comprising a common chamber in which a plurality of sonic or ultrasonic vibration jet emitters are placed. The liquids or gases to be mixed are fed through pipes to the bottom of the chamber. The mixed liquids or gases are removed through an outlet pipe placed on the upper end side of the chamber 30.

The sonic or ultrasonic jet emitters are arranged in series in the flow direction of the liquids or gases to be mixed, concentrically with the outlet pipe and connected to each other via outlet openings in the bottom walls of the jet emitters. Sound or ultrasonic jet emitters 2 81 971 are pairs of vanes in the form of a Archimedean helix placed on a stand with nozzles positioned between the inner surface of one wing and the outer surface of the other wing. This design of the jet emitters allows the generation of sonic and ultra-5 sonic vibrations in the liquid fuel flow by alternating the braking of the liquid fuel flow in the nozzles and channels of the jet-shaped jet emitters. The directions of fluid flow are identical in the channels or nozzles 10 of the jet emitters, and the flows of liquid fuel under the influence of sonic vibrations pass through openings in the bottom walls of the jet emitters from one emitter to another in a common chamber. This structure of jet emitters does not allow liquid fuel to be treated at maximum intensity with varying flow rate or physicochemical properties of the liquid fuel, and mainly with variations in the viscosity and density of the liquid fuel.

Description of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for liquid fuel cavitation treatment 25 designed to improve the efficiency of liquid fuel treatment with wide variations in liquid fuel flow rate and physicochemical properties with minimal energy consumption.

This object is achieved by means of a device for cavitation treatment of liquid fuel, comprising a cylindrical chamber with supply and discharge pipelines and ultrasonic jet emitters placed concentrically in the chamber with respect to each other. the concave sides of these vanes facing each other and delimiting the nozzles between the inner surface of one vane and the outer surface of the other 5 vanes, the base of one ultrasonic jet emitter rigidly attached to the chamber on the outlet side, the with respect to the first jet emitter, in which case the amount of this movement can be adjusted by the liquid fuel flow rate and the physicochemical the second ultrasonic jet emitter blade rotating in the opposite direction to the first ultrasonic jet emitter blade blade and interposed between the blades of the first jet emitter, overlapping the nozzles of the first jet emitter, with the bypass valve inlet inlet.

In order to maintain the most suitable velocity of the liquid fuel flows at the inlet end of the nozzles of the ultrasonic jet emitters, the bypass flow valve included in the device is preferably adjustable.

The use of this device for the cavitation treatment of liquid fuel makes it possible to efficiently handle liquid fuel with a wide range of fuel flow rates and physicochemical properties. The best possible parameters of the ultrasonic field, which allow for maximum efficiency of fuel cavitation, are automatically maintained in the event of wide variations in the flow rate of the liquid fuel. This device for liquid fuel cavitation treatment ensures a high degree of homogeneity of heavy liquid fuels with only a small amount of energy consumption required to operate the device. With this device, water and resinous and asphaltene-containing substances in a liquid fuel are decomposed into a fine mist. It must be borne in mind that inorganic mechanical impurities practically do not change in size. The device does not grind the abrasive components contained in the mechanical impurities of the liquid-5 fuel so as not to adversely affect the wear rate of the internal combustion engine parts.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will now be described by means of a particular embodiment of a device for cavitation of liquid fuel 10 with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of an apparatus for cavitation treatment of liquid fuel according to the invention;

Fig. 2 shows a cross-section taken along the line II-II in Fig. 1; and

Figure 3 shows a cross-section taken along the line III-III in Figure 1.

20 Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

The device for cavitation treatment of liquid fuel according to the invention comprises a cylindrical chamber 1 (Fig. 1) with a supply pipe 2 in the edge wall 3 and an outlet pipe 5 in the bottom wall 5, the cover 6 being fixed to the flange 7 of the chamber 1 by bolts 8. The ultrasonic jet emitters 9, 10 are placed in the chamber concentrically with respect to each other. Each ultrasonic jet emitter 9, 10 comprises a pair of vanes 11, 12 in the form of a helical coil of Ar-chimera 30 placed on a stand 13. The concave sides of the wings 11, 12 of each ultrasonic jet emitter 9, 10 face each other. The inner surface 14 (Fig. 2) of one wing 11 of each jet emitter 9, 10 and the outer surface 15 delimiting the nozzles 16 of the other vane 12. The ultrasonic jet emitter 9 (Fig. 35 1) is rigidly attached from its base 13 to the base wall 5 of the chamber 1. The base 13 of the jet emitter 9 has made with a central opening 17 concentric with the outer pipeline 4.

In another embodiment, the ultrasonic jet emitter 9 can be rigidly mounted above the bottom wall 5 of the cylindrical chamber 5.

The wings 11, 12 of the ultrasonic jet emitter 10 are opposite the wings of the ultrasonic jet emitter 9 and the emitter 10 is mounted to move relative to the jet emitter 9 along the axis 18 of the chamber 1. The screw 20 can be rotated in a plate 19 placed in the upper part of the base of the ultrasonic shower emitter 10.

The direction of rotation of the helix 15 of the wings 11, 12 of the ultrasonic jet emitter 10 (Fig. 3) is opposite to the direction of rotation of the helix 11, 12 of the ultrasonic jet emitter 9. The wings 11, 12 of the ultrasonic jet emitter 10 are arranged between the wings 11, 12 of the jet emitter 9 to overlap the feed nozzles 16 of the emitter 9.

An adjustable bypass valve 25 is placed in the supply line 2 (Fig. 1) mounted in the housing 26 containing the terminal plate 27. The fuel outlet line 28 is placed in the edge wall of the bypass valve 25 housing 26. One end of the spring 30 is placed on the bypass valve 25. The other end of the spring 30 is attached to the support portion 31 at the top of the housing 26 to move along the axis 32 of the housing 26. The bolt 33 provided with the lock nut 34 rests against the support part 31 and is screwed into the hole 35 of the end plate 27. The pipe 36 contained in the supply pipe 2 is intended to be connected to a pressure gauge (not shown).

This device for cavitation treatment of liquid fuel operates as follows.

Liquid fuel is fed into the cylindrical chamber 1 (Fig. 1) via a supply line 2. The liquid-35 fuel is passed further through nozzles 6 81 971 16 (Figs. 2, 3) to the channels delimited by the inner and outer surfaces 14, 15 of the wings 11, 12 of the ultrasonic jet emitters. The flow of liquid fuel leaving these channels enters a curved barrier forming an extension of the inner surfaces of the blades 11, 12 5 of the jet emitters 9, 10, where the flow of liquid fuel slows down. As a result, the energy of the liquid fuel flow is converted into high-frequency oscillation energy of the liquid fuel, which initiates cavitation in the liquid fuel flow at certain ratios between frequency and vibration intensity, thereby significantly increasing the operating characteristics of the liquid fuel. The maximum cavitation of the liquid fuel takes place in connection with certain parameters of the ultrasonic field (sound pressure, vibration frequency 15) which depend on the pressure of the liquid fuel upstream of the nozzles 16, 10 of the jet emitters 9, 10 and the dimensions of the jet emitters 9, 10.

The pressure value upstream of the nozzles 16 of the ultrasonic jet emitters 9, 10, which is most suitable for maximum cavitation of the liquid fuel, depends on the liquid fuel flow rate and physicochemical properties (viscosity, density, surface tension) and is adjusted to the feed (Figure 1). This preset pressure value is monitored by a pressure gauge (not shown) placed in the supply line 2. The desired pressure upstream of the nozzles of the liquid fuel jet emitters 9, 10 (Fig. 2) is adjusted 30 by turning a bolt 33 (Fig. 1) which moves the support member 31 to compress or expand the spring 30 through the bypass valve 25 to remove fuel from the supply line 2 to the line 28.

35 In order to achieve maximum cavitation in the liquid fuel flow as the fuel flow rate and physicochemical properties change, the movable ultrasonic jet emitter 10 is moved relative to the jet emitter 9 rigidly attached to the chamber 1 by rotating the shaft 22 of the screw 20 moving the cylinder shaft. As a result, the overlap of the feed nozzles 16 of the ultrasonic jet emitters 9, 10 (Figs. 2, 3), i. the cross-section of the channels between the wings 11, 12 of the jet emitters 9, 10 changes, while the shape of these channels and the liquid fuel flow rate at the inlet end of the nozzles 16 of the jet emitters 9, 10 remain unchanged.

A change in the velocity of the liquid fuel passing through the device does not cause a change in the preset pressure in the supply line 2 (Figure 1). The constant pressure of the liquid fuel as the fuel flow rate varies is ensured by a bypass flow valve 25 which removes excess liquid fuel through the line 28. The most suitable pressure for a particular liquid fuel 20 in the supply line 2 is adjusted by moving the bolt 33 of the bypass flow valve 25, which is held in place by the lock nut 34.

The device according to the invention thus allows only the desired amount of fuel to be processed, thus avoiding the unnecessary costs caused by the handling of the momentum of the liquid fuel. The device ensures maximum efficiency of cavitation treatment of all types of liquid fuels at all fuel flow rates, regardless of its physicochemical properties.

30 Variations in the physicochemical properties of the fuel (eg due to fuel heating) during operation of the equipment can cause a change in the desired flow rate of the fuel being treated. In this case, the desired flow rate of the liquid fuel is controlled by changing the cross-sectional area of the channels delimited by the vanes 11, 12 of the ultrasonic emitters 9, 8 81 971 10 as described.

If it is necessary to switch to long-term treatment of liquid fuel 5 with different physicochemical properties, the adjustable bypass valve 25 must be made (as described above) to adjust the new pressure in the pipeline 2 to the best possible for that fuel and to check this pressure with a pressure gauge. After the necessary adjustment of the position of the bolt 33 of the adjustable bypass valve-10 Iin 25, the bolt should be held in its new position by means of the lock nut 34.

The use of the device for cavitation treatment of liquid fuel makes it possible to improve the operating properties of liquid fuel 15, especially in connection with heavy fuels, in order to ensure more efficient combustion of fuel in internal combustion engines and steam boilers of thermal engines. This increases the efficiency of combustion and heat engines, reduces the formation of 20 less carbon and lacquer deposits in the engine parts, reduces the amount of smoke and exhaust gases, as well as losses during fuel preparation, especially when refueling, with a viscosity of up to 300 St and 20 ° C. the fuel is mah-25 dollars to distinguish.

Industrial applications

The present invention can be used in thermal appliance applications primarily to handle heavy fuels for internal combustion engines.

Claims (2)

9 81 971 An apparatus for cavitation treatment of liquid fuel, comprising a chamber with a supply and discharge line 5, a pair of ultrasonic jet emitters placed concentrically in the chamber, each emitter comprising side arms, a helical wing-shaped pair of vanes having Wherein the nozzles are delimited between the inner surface of one vane and the outer surface of the other vane, with one ultrasonic jet emitter rigidly attached to the chamber, its base on the supply line side, characterized in that the vias (11, 12) of the second ultrasonic jet emitter (10) are per first ultrasonic jet emitter (9), the emitter (10) being set to move relative to said emitter (9), the amount of movement being selected depending on the liquid fuel flow rate and physicochemical properties, the second ult-20 the helical direction of rotation of the blades (11, 12) of the jet emitter (10) being opposite to the helical direction of rotation of the vanes (11, 12) of the first ultrasonic jet emitter (9) to overlap their nozzles 16) with the bypass valve (25) placed in the supply pipe line 25 Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bypass valve (25) is adjustable. 10 81 971 Patenkrav