FR2588942A1 - UNIVERSAL FIREPLACE FOR SOLID FUELS - Google Patents

Abstract

THE UNIVERSAL FIREPLACE SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION INSERTED BETWEEN THE JAMBERS OF A CHIMNEY INCLUDES A METAL ENCLOSED BOX 1 WHOSE FRONT 2 IS OPEN AND THE UPPER 3 PARTIALLY OPEN, PRESENTING FALLED EDGES 4, 5 ON WHICH ARE FITTED FOR OPENINGS 6 THE PASSAGE OF THE FRESH AIR MIXTURE AND TO BE RECYCLED ONCE HEATING, THE BOTTOM SIDE7 IS EQUIPPED WITH VERTICAL SYMMETRICAL PARTITIONS 8, 14, 15 OPENING ON THE FRONT OF THE FIREPLACE, A FIREPLACE 16 LENGHING ON THE NOTCHING PARTITIONS, ENLARGING 18 UNIVERSAL CORRIDORS PERIPHERAL FOR THE ADMISSION OF FRESH AIR TAKEN FROM THE OUTSIDE AND AIR TO BE RECYCLED, AND TWO CORRIDORS19 TO TAKE THE DIFFUSED COMBUSTION AIR INSIDE THE FIREPLACE BY MEANS OF OPENINGS21 PROVIDED ON THE FIREPLACE. AT THE REAR OF THE FIREPLATE16 LIES THE LOCKER 30 Leaning ON THE FALLING EDGE5 IN ORDER TO GENERATE A SHEATH32 TO REHEAT, WHEN PASSING THROUGH THE SHEATH32, THE FRESH AIR MIXTURE AND TO BE RECYCLED BEFORE ITS EXPULSION INTO THE ROOM TO REHAT OF DUCTS50A EXTENDING THE OPENINGS 6.

Description

The present invention relates to a universal fireplace with receeding

  of air or air and water heat for solid fuels inserted between existing or planned chimney jambs

  to allow combustion in an open fire, combustion

  glazed closed hearth with casing for the evacuation of flue gases and combustion in a glazed closed hearth called "insert" without casing of the evacuation

burnt gases.

  We know different foci for solid fuels to heat recovery air or air and water inserted between the jambs of existing chimneys or to build, their construction is unitary and it

  does not allow the realization of the six known versions of fireplace by

standard elements.

  The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages previously

  exposed, it allows for the development of six household versions with the help of

  standards common to all versions.

  The invention relates to a universal fireplace inserting between the jambs of existing chimneys, or to build comprising a metal casing box of parallelepipedal shape whose front face is fully open while the upper face is only partially open, on the lower face and inner side are symmetrically reported vertical partitions on which are embedded the iron plate generally cast iron in the grooves arranged for this purpose according to the distribution of the partitions to generate corridors leading to the front, a partition developing parallel to the side and rear faces generates the air intake corridor to be recycled from inside

  of the room, two other partitions symmetrical and parallel to the lateral faces

  Rails develop from the front of the box to the wall parallel to the rear face, they delimit the corridors for primary combustion air, said corridors having a baffle by means of partial partitions so that the air is preheated in contact with studs or protruding teeth distributed in staggered rows or in a sinusoidal pattern which is provided with the underside of the furnace plate in line with said corridor, the combustion air being diffused into the furnace by means of openings made on the hearth plate at the front end of the corridor, said partitions parallel to the lateral faces developing up to the partition parallel to the rear face of the box delimit the location of the ash drawer at the base of which the plate foyè-p is provided d 'recesses allowing the fall of ash, on 1. plate foyère in its part arrir. e 'aire p.' set up in 1: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^. the upper face of the box where it rests and is immobilized on the partial return generating a sheath for the passage of the air to be recycled mixed with fresh air drawn outside, said air mixture being heated during its passage in the sheath in contact with the pins or protruding teeth which is provided the reluctant, said pins or projecting teeth contained in the sheath being distributed in a staggered or sinusoidal pattern so

to perfect the heat exchange.

  In the case of a fireplace open on the side faces of the box is reported a refractory lining immobilized by any known means, the openings before the corridors are not closed, the air admitted through the air passages of combustion being directed through the removal of material delimited on the walls parallel to the side faces of the box facilitated by an initial predfonçage in the air intake corridor to be recycled, the openings for the diffusion of combustion air arranged on the hotplate being closed by a

  sheet or the front frame of the refractory material

  tary. For a glazed closed hearth said "insert" without casing of the evacuation of the burned gases, on both sides of the side faces of the box are reported in parallel side plates fitting in the grooves arranged on the plate furnace and reluctant generally cast iron, their upper part resting and being immobilized on the partial return of the upper face of the box in order to generate lateral sheaths within which are contained the pins or projecting teeth distributed as previously described and whose side plates are provided, recycling air outlet vents are arranged on the partial returns of the upper face of the box to allow the expulsion of said air after heat exchange. On the front face is attached in the upper part a V-shaped metal element whose branch disposed in a horizontal plane is provided with recesses to allow the passage of preheated air during its passage through said V element before its diffusion to the interior of the focus through the shift of the second branch of the closing glass and so that the mixture of said secondary air heated with the flue gas causes the combustion of burnt gases, also avoiding the tarring of the glazing. In the lower part of the hearth facing the primary combustion air diffusion openings preheated in the corridors, a metal tunnel with openings facing upwards near the glazing pipe can channel said heated air, its diffusion and distribution flush with the glazing to also eliminate the tarring of the glass. In order to improve the recovery efficiency, a movable inner flap for adjusting the exhaust of the flue gases is disposed in the upper part of the side plates directly above the exhaust opening.

  gases. The recycled air drawn from inside the room as well as the outside

  During its passage through the back of the hearth plates, reluctantly or sideways, it is diffused in the room through the mouths arranged on the partial returns of the upper face of the box by means of a collector extended by removable evacuation tubes in contact with each other. with flue gases to improve heat recovery. The glazing before closing the fireplace is contained in one or two metal frames forming one or two doors fixed on a double-seal frame forming a sliding door block in fixed side rails so as to cause the raising of the block - entire door or normal opening

  the door or doors. The double seal of the frame makes it possible to

  general tightness when the door unit is in the down position, the

closed doors.

  In the case of a glazed closed hearth with casing of the evacuation of the burned gases, only a throat is disposed on the partial returns of the upper face of the box and in the groove arranged on the horizontal face of the element in V. The elements extending the escape openings of

  the heated air being only different.

  Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge

  more clearly from the following description made with reference to the drawings

  joints given by way of non-limiting example, o: - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a standard box, - Figure 2, a front view of a standard box with standard felted plate and reluctant generating a focus 3, a sectional view of an open hearth, FIG. 4, the detail of a hearth plate viewed from below, FIG. 5, the detail of a reluctant seen from behind, the FIG. 6, a glazed closed hearth known as "insert", without gas-burned evacuation tubing, seen in section, - FIG. 7, the detail of an upper element, - FIG. 8. the detail of the element FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the windows of the window,

  Fig. 10, seen, ai. coptpe of the vLlit.e.

  - Figure 11, the establishment of the fireplace shown in Figure 6 in a chimney - Figure 12, a sectional view of a closed hearth with drain, - Figure 13, a sectional view of the hearth with drain, seen of face, - Figure 14, the establishment of a fireplace shown in section

  Figures 12 and 13 in a fireplace.

  As represented in FIGS. 1 to 5, the universal hearth fitting between the jambs of a chimney built or to be constructed comprises a metal casing box 1 of parallelepipedal shape presenting a

  front face 2 open and an upper face 3 partially open present-

  both fallen edges 4 and 5 on which are provided openings 6 for the passage of fresh air mixture and to recycle once warmed. On the lower face 7 are symmetrically reported vertical partitions, a partition 8 developing from the front face 2 parallel to the side faces 9 of the box 1 and the rear face 10, the connection of the partition 8 at the faces 9 and 10 has a bias portion 11 and in order to facilitate the introduction or extraction of fans 12, on the bias portion llun predefinement 11a is formed on the portion 13 of the partition 8 parallel to the rear face 10 is connected a vertical partition 14

  developing from the front face 2, intermediately a partial partition 15

  it is arranged between the partitions 8 and 14 so as to generate, when the furnace plate 16 is placed on the vertical partitions 8, 14 and 15 the latter fit into the grooves 17 shown in Figure 4 corridors opening on the face before 2, a peripheral corridor 18 for the admission of the air to be recycled and two corridors 19 for the combustion air, the corridors 19 thanks to the partial partitions 15 having a baffle so that the combustion air carries out a circuit during which it is preheated in contact with the pins 20 whose furnace plate 16 is provided, said preheated combustion air being diffused inside the furnace by means of the openings 21 arranged on the furnace plate 16, in order to regulate the air flow rate The combustion of the adjustable shutters 22 shown in FIGS. 11 and 14 by means of micrometric screws, for example, are placed facing each end of the corridors 19, although not necessary. Corridors 18 are also provided with shutters 22, the space 23 between the partitions 14 is intended to receive an ashtray 24, in order to maintain the ashtray a support plate 25 connects the partitions 14, the ashes passed through the . 26 emptied on the plate 16 teprés.-ité figire "b 'aplomb this

2588942

  last, the air to recycle and to heat passing through the corridors 18 drawn from the interior of the room where the fireplace is mixed with fresh air drawn outside, the latter entering the formed rear sheath

  by the relecoeur 30 and the rear face 10 of the box i by means of opening

  tures 27 arranged on the vertical faces 9 or 10 or on the lower face 7 according to the position of the supply duct of said outside air, the openings 27 then being arranged by removal of the material facilitated by an initial predfonçage during manufacture. In the rear part of the furnace plate 16 a groove 28 is arranged to receive the lower end 29 of the relecor 30 shown in FIG. 5, the groove 28 is aligned with the end of the dropped edge 5 of the box 1 so that the reluctant 30 is vertical, the latter being immobilized in the groove 28 and resting on the fallen edge 5 on which it can be immobilized by means of not shown brackets and bolts, at the rear, the relecoeur is provided with pins 31 or protruding teeth contained in the sheath 32 arranged by the offset of the counterheat 30 of the rear face 10 of the box 1, the sheath 32 being intended to allow the passage of the mixture of the fresh air and the air to be recycled for an exchange of heat takes place between them and the metal elements before its diffusion through the openings 6 at the exit of which it is

  channeled and directed by appropriate sheaths.

  In line with the ends of the fallen edges 4 parallel to the lateral faces, the fired plate 16 is provided with grooves 33 on the face

  upper, vertically and on the front face of the grooves 34 are arranged

  on the reluctant 30 in extension of the bleeds 33.

  According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the universal hearth comprises for generating an open hearth, a casing 1, a hearth plate 16 and reluctant 30, on the lateral faces 9 in support

  on the lateral sides of the hearth plate 16 and reluctant 30 is rap-

  carried a packing 35 of prefabricated traditional refractory material, the outer face of said packing being 'aligned with the end of the fallen edges 4, the discharge openings 6 arranged on the fallen edges 4 being closed by the packing 35, only the sheath 32 allows the circulation of the air mixture to be recycled and new air drawn-outside, the air to be recycled passing through the passages 18 and 19, the air passing through the corridor 19 being directed towards the corridor 18 at the through the 11lb arranged opening

  by removing the material delimited by the predeployment 11a, opening them

  21 tures on the plate foyère being closed.

  According to the embodiment shown in Figures 6 to 11 to generate a hearth called "insert", in the grooves 33 of the plate 16 and feleco-34 of the reluctant 30 fit side plates 36 generally cast iron, the latter based on the end of the fallen edges 4, in the upper front part, the plates 36 are held by means of a metal element 37 shown in FIG. 7, V-shaped, the upper face 37 a of which is disposed horizontally and is provided with openings 38 to allow the secondary combustion air passage and this so as to heat said

  air before its diffusion in the top of the hearth, against the glazing 39 so

  re to avoid the tarring of said glazing and cause when it is mixed with the flue gases, the recombustion of said gases. The element 37 on its face 37a is provided with a groove 40 near the connection of the wings 37a and 37b, the face 37b being offset from the glazing 39 to allow the diffusion of the heated air against the glazing. 37 is rendered

  secured to the side plates 36 by means of bolts for example.

  In order to improve the draft and to avoid backflow, by reducing the flue gas exhaust duct as well as to protect the flexible end portions of the hot air exhaust pipes towards the room or rooms, a metal deflector 42 is fixed by any appropriate means on the face 37b of the element 37. In the lower part of the side plates 36, a square-shaped element 43 shown in FIG 8 is disposed, the wing 43a fitting into a groove 44 arranged on the fired plate 16, said

  element 43 covering the openings 21 of primary combustion air pre-

  heated, said air being diffused through openings 45 distributed on the flange 43b near the glazing 39, the front portion of said element 43 being closed either by an insert plate 46 or by the cladding masonry for example, said element 43 being immobilized on the side plates 36

  as previously described for element 37.

  The offset of the side plates 36 of the faces 9 of the box 1 generates a sheath 47 inside which are contained the pins 48

  or protruding teeth which are provided with said plates 36 according to a distribution

  tion as previously described in a staggered and / or sinisoidal pattern, in order to perfect the heat exchange of the fresh air mixture and to recycle with the metallic elements, said heated air being discharged through the openings 6 and recovered in a collector 49 adjusting on the fallen edges 4 and 5 facing the openings 6, the collected air being then ventilated through sheaths 50 in the room or parts to be heated. In order to regulate the exhaust of the burned gases, a movable flap 51 detailed in FIG. 12 is disposed in the upper part of the side plates 36 and reluctantly 30, said flap 51 rests on four lateral supports 52 that are attached and fixed by bolts 53, for example on the side plates. 36, on the axial rear portion of the flap 51 is fixed an oblique arm 54 in the upper part of which fits in a lug 55 the connecting pin 56 of an extension 57 constituted by two plates 58 whose spacing allows the penetration of the oblique arm 54, the other end of the extension being provided with a recess 59 to generate a spherical joint with the end of a rod 60 sliding in a fixed sleeve 60a with notches 61 so as to allow immobilization of the flap 51 at the desired opening by emboitement of the lug 62, the removable extension 63 of the rod 60 is provided, said detachable extension 63 embossing at the end of the l rod 60 and is provided with a gripping handle 64 protruding on the front of the focus to allow the various operations of the movable flap 51 and in particular its closure upwards, the downward opening of said flap 51 being obtained by its simple gravity, the removal of the removable extension 63 of the rod 60 for the vertical movement of the glazed door block 39, the latter as shown in Figures 9 and 10, consists of a mobile frame 74, with a double seal sealing 74a, said frame having lugs 69 provided at their end 70 with an axis 71 provided with cleats 72 which slide in the slideways 73 fixed externally on the front of the side plates 36 by any appropriate means such as screws and bolts , in line with the legs 69 of the hinges 68 connect one or two movable frames 65 U-shaped receiving inside the wings 66 or the windows 67, the slides 73 at the legs 69 when the glazing is in the focus, have a bias profile so as to press the frame 74 and its seal 74a to the front of the side plates 36, wings 37a of the upper member 37 and the wing 43b of the lower member 43 in order to generate the tightness in the low position, the frames 65 are immobilized between them and the block-door / hearth unit secured and sealed in the low position by means of magnets 75 for example during vertical movements, by disengaging the magnets 75, the frames 65 generating the doors are kept substantially closed when sliding against the top transverse element of the facade decor,

  ltcl, éhi.t4 not being necessary when the windows are raised.

  According to FIGS. 12 to 14, the closed glazed hearth differs from the hearth shown in FIG. 6 by the addition of a throat 76, the latter relying on the partial returns 4 and 5 of the casing 1, its immobilization being obtained

8 2588942

  thanks to the upper portions 77 of the lateral faces projecting beyond the fallen edges 4 and 78 of the fallen edge 5, the front face 79 of the throat fitting into the groove 40 formed on the flange 37a of the upper element 37 , the evacuation of the heated air is done by means of flexible sheaths 50a from the openings 6 to the part or parts to be heated. In all versions, the low metal fuel support grille of various shapes, not shown because known, may be replaced by an identical metallic element formed of pipes in which circulates a heat transfer liquid which allows a complementary heat extraction generating systems for recovery of heat.

mixed heat air and water.

  In all versions, the flexible ducts 50a for evacuating the new heated air or for recycling, are arranged in such a way that they are not in contact with the flue gases to ensure their perfect behavior over time. In the particular case of the "insert" furnace, the part of the sheaths 50 that passes through the flue gas evacuation duct and thus bathed by said gases, consists of rigid metal elements of appropriate strength up to the passage of the deflector 42, the the end part of said sheaths 50a being protected after this deflector, it can be used orientable flexible sheaths embossed in the elements 50 which allows the instantaneous disengagement and disassembly of the hearth, the part

  flexible end of the exhaust ducts remaining in place.

  In all the versions, all the fresh air supply ducts to be heated and the heated air outlet are provided at their ends with assemblies formed by an unrepresented socket and shutter constituted by a frame which is fixed on the socket and which carries the movable shutter shutter. Said movable flap is completely rotated on two pivots so that it allows both the necessary adjustment of the passage of the desired amount of air and the complete shutter to avoid

  the inadvertent arrival of cold air when the fireplace is not in operation

ment.

Claims (9)

  1) Universal fireplace with air-to-air and water heat recovery for solid fuels inserted between the existing or planned chimney jambs for combustion in open fire, glazed closed hearth without casing of the exhaust gas discharge, called "insert", or with casing exhaust gas, characterized in that it comprises standard elements known for the realization of all versions, a metal casing shell (1) of parallelepiped shape whose front face (2) is open and the upper face (3) partially open while having fallen edges (4 and 5) on which are arranged openings (6) for the passage of fresh air and air mixture to recycle a when reheated in contact with the metal elements, the lower face (7) being provided with symmetrical vertical partitions (8, 14, 15) opening on the front of the hearth, a foyère plate (16) interlocks t by means of grooves (17) on said partitions generating corridors, a peripheral corridor (18) for the admission of fresh air drawn outside the room containing the chimney and air to be recycled, and two corridors (19 ) for the primary combustion air, said air being diffused inside the furnace by means of openings (21) provided on the furnace plate (16), the space between the partitions (14) being intended to receive resting on a support plate (25) an ashtray (24) collecting the ashes passing through the recesses (26) arranged on the furnace plate (16), in the rear part of the furnace plate (16) fits into the groove (28) the relecoreur (30) resting in the upper part on the falling edge (5) generating a sheath (32) inside which are contained the pins or protruding teeth (31) for heating during its passage on mix of fresh air and to recycle, laterally the plate furnace (16) and reluctant (30) are provided with grooves (33, 34) in extension and in which the side plates (36) fit together in an upper part on the fallen edges (4) generating sheaths (47) inside which are contained the pins or projecting teeth (48) of said plates (36) to complete the heat exchange between the metal elements and the fresh air mixture and to recycle, a V-shaped metallic upper element (37) generating a chamber preheating allows to maintain   side plates (36) in their front part, the upper face (37a) is   horizontally is provided with openings (38) for the passage of secondary air to preheat before its diffusion in the top of the focus between the end of the face (37b) offset from the glazing (39), ducuit air being directed 10 against the glazing (39) so as to avoid tarring of the glazing and to provoke the recombustion of the flue gases, the face (37a) being provided with a groove (40) near the connection of the flanges (37a and 37b), a   angled lower front member (43) fits into a   annulus (44) arranged on the furnace plate (16) covering the openings (21) of preheated primary combustion air for diffusing and distributing said air through openings (45) distributed on the wing (43b) in the vicinity glazing (39) the front part being closed by an insert plate (46) or by the cladding masonry, a glazed block (39) in two movable frames (65) secured to a frame 74, to travel lateral and vertical connected by means of hinges (68) to the legs (69)   having an axle (71) sliding in slideways (73) which fix themselves externally   in front of the side plates (36), a movable flap (51) rests on the lateral supports (52) attached to the side plates (36) at their upper part in order to regulate the escape of the flue gases, the maneuver the shutter (51) being obtained by displacement of a rod (60) and its detachable extension (63) acting on an oblique arm (54) fixed in the axial rear part of the flap (51), a throat (76) is presses the partial returns (4, 5) immobilized by the upper end (77) of the lateral faces (36) and (78) of the relecor (30) projecting beyond the fallen edges (4 and 5), the front face (79) embossing in the groove (40) arranged on the face (37a) of the element (37), the heated air passing through the openings (6) being either recovered in a manifold (49) fitting on the fallen edges (4 and 5) through openings (6) and vented through ducts (50) in the room or rooms to be heated, or   means of sheaths (50a) directly connected to the openings (6).   2) Universal fireplace according to claim 1 characterized by the hearth plate (16) which is provided with studs or protruding teeth (20) in plumb corridors (19).   3) universal fireplace according to claim 1 characterized in that the partition (15) partial generates a baffle for the passage of air primary combustion.   4) universal fireplace according to claim 1 characterized in that the connection of the partition (8) at the faces (9 and 10) of the box   presents a bias part (11) to facilitate the installation of ventilators.   tors (12) and a predrill (11a).    Universal hearth according to claim 1 characterized in that the   front ends of the lanes (18 and 19) are provided with - 11   (22) using micrometer screws to adjust the primary air flow rate combustion and air to recycle.   6) universal fireplace according to claim 1 characterized in that the   lateral (9), rear (10) and lower (7) sides are provided with predefined   holes for arranging openings (27) according to the position of the sheath external air supply.   7) universal fireplace according to claim 1 characterized in that the closure of the movable flap (51) is obtained by its upward movement by means of an oblique arm (54), extension (57), rod (60) and extension (63) removable, having a lug (62) embossing in one of the notches (61) which is provided with a sleeve (60a), the opening of the flap (51) being effected during the release of the lug (62) of the notch (61) by simple gravity.   8) universal fireplace according to claim 1 characterized in that the flexible sheaths (50a) passing through the flue gas discharge duct for the case of the fireplace "insert" are protected by interlocking elements   rigid moving members%) 50) extending the collector (49) and taken on sockets.   9) Universal fireplace according to claim 1 characterized in that an open fire is composed of a casing 1, a hearth plate (16) and reluctant (30), the side faces (9) receiving a lining Prefabricated refractory materials, the discharge openings (6) of the dropped edges (4) being closed off, only the sheath (32) allows the   circulation of the fresh air mixture and to recycle.    ) Universal fireplace according to claim 1 characterized in that a focus "insert" comprises a casing envelope (1) a foyère plate (16) and reluctant (30), side faces (36) connected in the upper part by the element in V (37) and lower by the element (43), a deflector (42),   a collector (49) and a glazing block (39).   11) universal fireplace according to claims 1 and 10 characterized in that   for a furnace with casing of the flue gas outlet, a throat (76) is attached to the dropped edges (4 and 5), the collector (49) being removed and the openings (6, are directly extended by sheaths ( 50a).