FR2561005B1 - Dispositif de modulation optique - Google Patents
Dispositif de modulation optiqueInfo
- Publication number
- FR2561005B1 FR2561005B1 FR858503421A FR8503421A FR2561005B1 FR 2561005 B1 FR2561005 B1 FR 2561005B1 FR 858503421 A FR858503421 A FR 858503421A FR 8503421 A FR8503421 A FR 8503421A FR 2561005 B1 FR2561005 B1 FR 2561005B1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- modulation device
- optical modulation
- optical
- modulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133345—Insulating layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
- G02F1/13394—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers regularly patterned on the cell subtrate, e.g. walls, pillars
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/141—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent using ferroelectric liquid crystals
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59044882A JPS60188925A (ja) | 1984-03-09 | 1984-03-09 | 光学変調素子の製造法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2561005A1 FR2561005A1 (fr) | 1985-09-13 |
FR2561005B1 true FR2561005B1 (fr) | 1990-04-20 |
Family
ID=12703856
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR858503421A Expired - Lifetime FR2561005B1 (fr) | 1984-03-09 | 1985-03-08 | Dispositif de modulation optique |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4720173A (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS60188925A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3508169A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2561005B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2157451B (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8134782B2 (en) | 2007-01-17 | 2012-03-13 | Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) | Transparent optical component having cells filled with optical material |
US8331007B2 (en) | 2006-12-26 | 2012-12-11 | Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) | Optically transparent component with two sets of cells |
US8801177B2 (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2014-08-12 | Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) | Electrically controllable optical component comprising an array of cells |
Families Citing this family (59)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6173925A (ja) * | 1984-09-20 | 1986-04-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
GB2166256B (en) * | 1984-10-25 | 1988-06-08 | Stc Plc | Ferroelectric liquid crystal display cells |
EP0182509B1 (fr) * | 1984-11-14 | 1992-04-08 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Dispositif à deux dimensions pour le traitement optique d'informations |
WO1986005283A1 (fr) * | 1985-03-05 | 1986-09-12 | American Telephone & Telegraph Company | Affichage electro-optique mince et uniforme |
JPS61231525A (ja) * | 1985-04-08 | 1986-10-15 | Hitachi Ltd | 強誘電性液晶素子とその製造方法 |
US4664480A (en) * | 1985-04-26 | 1987-05-12 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories | Alignment technique for liquid crystal devices |
JPS61272719A (ja) * | 1985-05-27 | 1986-12-03 | Hosiden Electronics Co Ltd | 強誘電性液晶セル及びその製造方法 |
JPH0799419B2 (ja) * | 1985-10-18 | 1995-10-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | 液晶素子 |
JPS62112128A (ja) * | 1985-11-11 | 1987-05-23 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 液晶装置 |
JPS62127718A (ja) * | 1985-11-28 | 1987-06-10 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 液晶装置 |
JPS62127719A (ja) * | 1985-11-28 | 1987-06-10 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 液晶装置 |
US4832456A (en) * | 1986-03-04 | 1989-05-23 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal disc memory with circular grooves for auto-focusing of write-in beam |
GB2188742A (en) * | 1986-04-01 | 1987-10-07 | Stc Plc | Ferroelectric liquid crystal cells |
GB8608114D0 (en) | 1986-04-03 | 1986-05-08 | Secr Defence | Smectic liquid crystal devices |
US4917471A (en) * | 1986-08-30 | 1990-04-17 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal device |
JPS6363020A (ja) * | 1986-09-04 | 1988-03-19 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 液晶電気光学装置作製方法 |
JP2667816B2 (ja) * | 1986-09-20 | 1997-10-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | 液晶素子 |
ATE131290T1 (de) * | 1987-06-12 | 1995-12-15 | Canon Kk | Vorrichtung mit einem ferroelektrischen flüssigkristall. |
US5165076A (en) * | 1987-06-12 | 1992-11-17 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ferroelectric liquid crystal device with particular primer alignment, and liquid crystal layers |
FR2618587B1 (fr) * | 1987-07-20 | 1992-04-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Ecran a cristal liquide, a electrodes opacifiees dans la zone non commutable de l'ecran et procedes d'obtention d'espaceurs et de traitement de cet ecran |
GB8726996D0 (en) * | 1987-11-18 | 1987-12-23 | Secr Defence | Multiplex addressing of ferro-electric liquid crystal displays |
US5132816A (en) * | 1989-02-02 | 1992-07-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Ferroelectric liquid crystal device and method of manufacturing the same |
EP0509490A3 (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1993-05-26 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal apparatus |
JP2952075B2 (ja) * | 1991-06-12 | 1999-09-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 液晶素子の製造法 |
GB9200839D0 (en) * | 1992-01-15 | 1992-03-11 | Emi Plc Thorn | Optical modulation device |
US5268782A (en) * | 1992-01-16 | 1993-12-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Micro-ridged, polymeric liquid crystal display substrate and display device |
DE69319700T2 (de) * | 1992-12-07 | 1999-02-11 | Chisso Corp., Osaka | Flüssigkristallanzeigevorrichtung |
JP3210126B2 (ja) * | 1993-03-15 | 2001-09-17 | 株式会社東芝 | 液晶表示装置の製造方法 |
US5559621A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1996-09-24 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal having a plurality of rectilinear barrier members |
JPH07253599A (ja) * | 1994-11-28 | 1995-10-03 | Canon Inc | 液晶素子 |
SE9404303L (sv) | 1994-12-09 | 1996-04-01 | Emt Ag | Trycktålig vätskekristallcell |
JP2699999B2 (ja) * | 1994-12-09 | 1998-01-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | 液晶素子 |
JPH08201814A (ja) * | 1995-01-24 | 1996-08-09 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 反強誘電性液晶を用いた液晶パネル体及びその製造方法 |
KR970048809A (ko) * | 1995-12-30 | 1997-07-29 | 손욱 | 탄성 접착성 스페이서들을 가지는 액정표시장치 |
US6449024B1 (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 2002-09-10 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Inc. | Liquid crystal electro-optical device utilizing a polymer with an anisotropic refractive index |
US5710097A (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 1998-01-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process and materials for imagewise placement of uniform spacers in flat panel displays |
GB2347006B (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 2000-10-04 | Sharp Kk | Liquid crystal device |
JPH10123499A (ja) * | 1996-10-18 | 1998-05-15 | Denso Corp | 液晶パネル |
US6266121B1 (en) * | 1996-11-28 | 2001-07-24 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display element and method of manufacturing same |
EP0867750A3 (fr) * | 1997-03-28 | 2000-05-03 | Denso Corporation | Cellule à cristaux liquides et procédé pour sa fabrication |
JPH10274768A (ja) * | 1997-03-31 | 1998-10-13 | Denso Corp | 液晶セルおよびその製造方法 |
US6195147B1 (en) | 1997-08-01 | 2001-02-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal substrate with optical modulation region having different alignment control forces |
US6166797A (en) * | 1997-08-08 | 2000-12-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Diffusion barrier layers with microstructured spacing members for liquid crystal display panel substrates |
JP3895447B2 (ja) * | 1998-01-06 | 2007-03-22 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法 |
KR100924227B1 (ko) * | 2002-12-06 | 2009-11-02 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 액정표시패널 및 그 제조방법 |
US7483114B2 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2009-01-27 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device, substrate bonding apparatus, and method for fabricating liquid crystal display device using the same |
EP2312376B1 (fr) * | 2004-07-02 | 2015-08-26 | ESSILOR INTERNATIONAL (Compagnie Générale d'Optique) | Composant optique photochromique |
FR2872590B1 (fr) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-10-27 | Essilor Int | Procede de realisation d'un verre ophtalmique et composant optique adapte pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
US7359015B1 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2008-04-15 | Research Foundation Of The University Of Central Florida | Transflective liquid crystal display using separate transmissive and reflective liquid crystal cells and materials with single cell gap |
FR2879757B1 (fr) * | 2004-12-17 | 2007-07-13 | Essilor Int | Procede de realisation d'un element optique transparent, composant optique intervenant dans ce procede et element optique ainsi obtenu |
FR2888947B1 (fr) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-10-12 | Essilor Int | Composant optique a cellules |
FR2888948B1 (fr) | 2005-07-20 | 2007-10-12 | Essilor Int | Composant optique transparent pixellise comprenant un revetement absorbant, son procede de realisation et son utilisation dans un element optique |
FR2888953B1 (fr) * | 2005-07-20 | 2008-02-08 | Essilor Int | Composant optique pixellise a parois apodisees, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation dans la fabrication d'un element optique transparent |
FR2888950B1 (fr) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-10-12 | Essilor Int | Composant optique transparent pixellise a parois absordantes son procede de fabrication et son utilisation dans la farication d'un element optique transparent |
FR2888951B1 (fr) * | 2005-07-20 | 2008-02-08 | Essilor Int | Composant optique pixellise aleatoirement, son procede de fabrication, et son utilisation dans la fabrication d'un element optique transparent |
US7589808B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2009-09-15 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Wide viewing angle transflective liquid crystal displays |
US20080309854A1 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-18 | Zhibing Ge | Wide Viewing Angle and Broadband Circular Polarizers for Transflective Liquid Crystal Displays |
US7605897B2 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-10-20 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation Inc. | Multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal displays with improved angular dependent gamma curves |
US7583439B2 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-09-01 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Wide-angle and broadband polarization converter |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1599908A (fr) * | 1968-04-17 | 1970-07-20 | ||
US3978580A (en) * | 1973-06-28 | 1976-09-07 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Method of fabricating a liquid crystal display |
US3964158A (en) * | 1973-08-07 | 1976-06-22 | Janning John L | Method of making a liquid crystal display cell |
US4291948A (en) * | 1977-11-10 | 1981-09-29 | International Standard Electric Corporation | Liquid crystal display incorporating positive and negative smectic material |
JPS5528004A (en) * | 1978-08-18 | 1980-02-28 | Canon Inc | Liquid crystal display element |
NL7808899A (nl) * | 1978-08-30 | 1980-03-04 | Philips Nv | Weergeefinrichting met vloeibaar kristal. |
JPS55134885A (en) * | 1979-04-06 | 1980-10-21 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
JPS5616112A (en) * | 1979-07-19 | 1981-02-16 | Sharp Corp | Liquid crystal display unit |
US4367924A (en) * | 1980-01-08 | 1983-01-11 | Clark Noel A | Chiral smectic C or H liquid crystal electro-optical device |
JPS5770520A (en) * | 1980-10-20 | 1982-05-01 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal element |
CH651691A5 (de) * | 1981-07-24 | 1985-09-30 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Anzeigevorrichtung mit fluessigkristall und verfahren zu deren herstellung. |
NL8200069A (nl) * | 1982-01-11 | 1983-08-01 | Philips Nv | Weergeefinrichting met vloeibaar kristal. |
JPS58173718A (ja) * | 1982-04-07 | 1983-10-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶光変調素子およびその製造方法 |
US4561726A (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1985-12-31 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Alignment of ferroelectric LCDs |
US4781441A (en) * | 1983-11-25 | 1988-11-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of controlling orientation of liquid crystal, device used therein and liquid crystal device produced thereby |
-
1984
- 1984-03-09 JP JP59044882A patent/JPS60188925A/ja active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-02-27 US US06/706,271 patent/US4720173A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-03-05 GB GB08505587A patent/GB2157451B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-03-07 DE DE19853508169 patent/DE3508169A1/de active Granted
- 1985-03-08 FR FR858503421A patent/FR2561005B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8801177B2 (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2014-08-12 | Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) | Electrically controllable optical component comprising an array of cells |
US8331007B2 (en) | 2006-12-26 | 2012-12-11 | Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) | Optically transparent component with two sets of cells |
US8134782B2 (en) | 2007-01-17 | 2012-03-13 | Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) | Transparent optical component having cells filled with optical material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2157451A (en) | 1985-10-23 |
JPS60188925A (ja) | 1985-09-26 |
US4720173A (en) | 1988-01-19 |
DE3508169C2 (fr) | 1991-05-02 |
DE3508169A1 (de) | 1985-09-26 |
GB2157451B (en) | 1987-10-07 |
JPH0236930B2 (fr) | 1990-08-21 |
GB8505587D0 (en) | 1985-04-03 |
FR2561005A1 (fr) | 1985-09-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
FR2561005B1 (fr) | Dispositif de modulation optique | |
FR2522833B1 (fr) | Dispositif de balayage optique | |
DE3782353D1 (de) | Optische modulationsvorrichtung. | |
KR850005675A (ko) | 광학디스크 장치 | |
DE3750006D1 (de) | Optische Modulationsvorrichtung. | |
FR2553907B1 (fr) | Modulateur optique | |
FR2513028B1 (fr) | Dispositif laser | |
BR8703094A (pt) | Dispositivo otico | |
DE3676537D1 (de) | Optisches messgeraet. | |
FR2573220B1 (fr) | Source optique | |
DE68914302D1 (de) | Lichtmodulationsvorrichtung. | |
FR2697625B1 (fr) | Module de portée optique. | |
FR2579774B1 (fr) | Dispositif optique integre de conversion de polarisation optique | |
FI94213B (fi) | Optinen laite | |
FR2521737B1 (fr) | Dispositif optique bistable | |
FR2540658B1 (fr) | Dispositif electro-optique | |
FR2549611B1 (fr) | Dispositif de commutation optique | |
KR860005216A (ko) | 광계측장치 | |
FR2578670B1 (fr) | Dispositif et procede de modulation optique | |
FR2551225B1 (fr) | Dispositif d'interconnexion optique | |
FR2505100B1 (fr) | Dispositif laser | |
FR2563636B1 (fr) | Dispositif optique de balayage | |
FR2562697B1 (fr) | Dispositif d'affichage optique | |
FR2542461B1 (fr) | Dispositif optique de multiplexage demultiplexage | |
FR2620277B1 (fr) | Modulateur optique |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ST | Notification of lapse |