FR2519573A1 - DEVICE FOR SANDING AND / OR GINNING WOOD PIECES - Google Patents

Abstract

The device comprises a horizontal vat (1) with a double cylindrical wall (2) driven rotatingly by rollers (3, 4). A trap extends throughout the length of the vat and communicates with the volume comprised between the vat wall and the double wall. The trap door rests against the double wall in an open position so as to let abrasive material enter the inner vat before starting the pumicing operation. A bottom (12) of the vat is provided with a door (13) and the other bottom (16) carries a movable train (25). An extremity of the train carries a holder (44) to hold the parts and a vibration drive device (31, 38). The drive device carries two rods arranged in a horizontal plane and in a vertical plane and supporting the shaft (26), and an alternating rectilinear drive device (38). According to another example of execution, the vibrating drive device is comprised of vibration generators.

Description

1.

  The invention relates to a device for the

  lapping and / or ginning of wooden parts, said device comprising a closed tank containing an abrasive material

  in which a workpiece support is provided, said support

  port being animated by vibratory movements. The manufacturing process for wooden furniture is now automated; on the other hand, the finishing operations, such as sanding, ginning, etc. have not yet found satisfactory solutions and require,

  in most cases, manual intervention.

  Sanding, a well-known technique, and ginning,

  which consists in removing the irregularities which

  appear when dyeing or varnishing wood, as a result of the straightening of the fibers, are long operations and all the more delicate as the surfaces are worked. We tried to mechanize the ginning using

  wire brushes, but this process presented the

  agree to excessively round the sharp corners.

  According to another method described in the published German patent application No. 25 20 399, the piece to be polished is fixed to a support penetrating into an enclosure containing

  an abrasive material The support is subjected to

  longitudinal and rotational alternative parts,

  partially immersed in the abrasive material, is suc-

  continually sanded or ginned on all sides In order

  to allow the output of the treated parts and their replacement

  cement by new, there is provided a compartment into which the abrasive material penetrates during the tilting of the enclosure This tilting takes place around bearings fixed at the end of the enclosure opposite to that holding the

  support According to the embodiment shown, the device

  positive is expected to treat a chair.

  Due to the immobility of the abrasive material and the movements of the workpiece being processed, it occurs

  compaction of the abrasive which slows the movements of the substrate

  wearing and which can even lead to the deterioration of the ob-

  treated jet In addition, the tilting of the enclosure for its unloading and loading requires means

  powerful due to the mass of abrasive and the posi-

tion of the axis of rotation.

  The device according to the invention implements a sanding and / or ginning process similar to that used in the cited application, but is designed so

  to avoid the effects of compaction of the abrasive material and-

  to suppress the significant displacements of the material during

  loading or unloading of the treated parts.

  The explanations and figures given below, at

  examples, will help understand how the

vention can be achieved.

  Figure 1 is a front view of a device

according to the invention.

  Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view along

Figure II II.

  Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view

lon III III of figure 1.

  Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of a

  device according to a second embodiment.

  Figures 5 and 6 show a side view in partial section and a top view of a device

fixing of the parts to be treated.

  Figure 7 is a front view of a variant

of the device according to the invention.

  Figures 1, 2, 3 show different views of a device for sanding and / or ginning parts

  wooden according to an embodiment of the invention.

  The device comprises an internal tank 1 of horizontal cylindrical or polygonal axis, coaxial with an external tank 2 cylindrical This assembly is produced

  in the form of a tank with double side wall The pa-

  lateral king 2 cooperates with drive means in

  rotation consisting of rollers or rollers with horizontal axes-

  rate 3, 4 mounted on a cradle 5 fixed to the ground

  leaux or pebbles are integral with axes having a length

  at least equal to that of the tank and rotate in-of-

  liers 6, 7 fixed on the cradle At the outer ends

  res of rollers or rollers are provided flanges 8 which

  prevent longitudinal movements According to the reali-

  sation shown, one of the axes of the rollers is driven and the other idler Thus, the axis 3 is driven by a motor 9 via a reduction gear 10 and a coupling 11 Preferably, the motor 9 is an engine with

speed variation.

  One of the bottoms 12 of the inner tank 1, directed

  fully accessible, is provided with a semi-circular door 13 kept closed by a door latch 14 and carrying a fitting 23 in the axis of the tank for connection to a

  suction or blowing device.

  The inner tank 1 has over its entire length

  a hatch 15 defined approximately between the

  two bottoms 12, 16 and two generators 17, 18 located in

  be the bottom of the door 19 and the side wall of the tank 1 relative to its axis, the cord joining the generators 17, 18 being approximately parallel to the bottom of the door

  19 A flap 20 is hinged according to, for example, the

  nératrice 17 and is held in the closed position by a ver-

  hatch cover 21 The width of the flap 20 is such that the latter, when open (Fig 1), comes to rest by its edge 22 against the internal lateral surface of the external wall 2, thus sharing the volume included between the two walls The function of this flap will be explained later. The bottom 16 of the inner tank 1 present in

  the axis an opening 24 through which a modular crew passes

  bile 25 at one end of which is fixed the support 44 of

parts to be treated.

  According to the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3, the movable assembly 25 consists of a cylindrical shaft 26 maintained, at its end opposite to that carrying the support, in a ball joint 27 whose bearing is fixed by a support plate 28 to a chassis formed by the fairing 29 of the movable assembly, the fairing being fixed to the bottom 16 of the tank The ball joint is protected from dust by

bellows 30.

  The moving assembly 25 is set in motion by

  a drive device which, in the example of

  Lisation of Figures 2 and 3, includes holding rods and alternative linear drive means.

  The shaft 26 is held close to the carrying end

  both the support and outside the tank by a set of two links 31, 32 respectively arranged in

  vertical and horizontal planes with respect to b Ati 5.

  The vertical link 31 carries at one end

  a stirrup 33 whose branches cooperate with journals

  cylindrical lons 34 diametrically fixed on the shaft 26.

  The other end of the link is movable around an axis a, b, or c fixed in a console 35 secured to the bottom

tank.

  According to one embodiment, the points of ar-

  ticulation a, b, c of the vertical link on the con-

  sole give it an inclination of between 90 and 45 e with respect to the horizontal materialized by the axis of the moving element. The horizontal link 32 is fixed at 90 'from the vertical link 31, one of the ends being fixed on the shaft 26 via a stirrup

  36, and the other end being fixed to a console 37 so-

tank bottom lid 16.

  This console also has several points

  of articulation a, b, c to obtain an inclination

  its between 90 and 45 'relative to the horizontal.

  The shaft 26 is driven longitudinally by

  alternative linear drive means 38 comprising

  both an electric motor 39, fixed to the bottom of the tank.

  The motor shaft is provided with an eccentric 40 cooperating with the cylindrical bore of the foot of a connecting rod 41 of which

  the tite drives a stirrup 42 fixed on the shaft 25.

  The commissioning of the motor 39 causes the equi-

  mobile page 25 in a vibratory movement which is decom-

  laying along three rectangular axes, two of which are deter-

  undermined by the links 31, 32 and the third, by the axis of the moving element 25 The amplitude of the movement according to the vertical and horizontal components is adjustable by displacement of the attachment point a, b, c of the links

  on the consoles These amplitudes increase with the inclination

  born of the rods. The end of the fairing 29 carries a rotary current collector 43 allowing the supply of the motor 39.

  The movable assembly 25 carries at its li end

  bre means for removable attachment of the workpiece support 44 These means consist of a flange 45 fixed to the end of the shaft 26 on which a crosspiece 46 of the support is bolted The passage of the shaft 26 in the opening 24 of the bottom 16 of the tank is sealed by a

  sealing bellows 47 whose edges are respective-

  fixed to the flange 45 of the shaft 26 and to a flange

  48 fixed on the edge of the opening 24.

  The parts support shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is more particularly intended to hold chairs (FIG. 4 in dashed lines) by their frame and allows the

  simultaneous treatment of two chairs.

  The cross member 46 carries symmetrically with respect to its middle two parallel columns 49, 50 forming with it a piece in UA a distance from the cross member at least equal to the height of the chair backrest is fixed a fixing frame 51 consisting of two side members 52 , 53 parallels connected by spacers 54, 55 The distance

  between the spacers is such that it corresponds appro-

  ximatively to the interior distance between two rings

  56, 57 capable of cooperating with the columns 49, 50.

  The elements of the fixing frame 51 are symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry passing through the center of the two columns. The protruding ends of the side members carry means for blocking the chair frame. These means consist of a collar 58 capable of sliding on a free end of a side member and carrying an eccentric lever 59 intended to bear on a c 8 tee. 60 of the chair frame, the collar being locked on the spar

  by jamming; and a stop 61 fixed to the other extremi-

  - free side of the spar and now the opposite side 62 of the chair frame. The rings 56 and 57 to which the fixing frame 51 is fixed are held on the columns, either removably by known clamping means, or permanently by welding, as shown in the figures

5 6.

  For the simultaneous treatment of a second chair, a second fixing frame 63 similar to the first 51, but whose

  the rings are held at one end by a device

  expandable blocking device 64 which comprises, in a con

  naked, an elastic ring 65 capable of being compressed

  longitudinally between a fixed stop 66 and a moderate stop

  bile 67 via an eccentric 68.

  According to another embodiment of the device

  tif of the mobile equipment, shown in fig.

  re 4, this consists of three vi generators

  brations 69, 70, 71 mounted on a structure 72 fixed to the

  fairing 29 by means of rubber studs 73.

  The generators are arranged on the structure

  so that their actions are carried out in three directions

mutually perpendicular.

  The structure 72 is provided with a shaft 74 running through

  sant the bottom 16 of the tank 1 and bearing, as in the example-

  ple previous, a support 44 of parts to be treated.

  The vibration generators are made up, by

  example, by unbalance motors.

  According to a variant, provision is made at the end li-

  bre of the moving equipment a counterweight 75 for balancing

parts to be treated.

  Preferably, the abrasive material is in the form of balls or pellets which fill the

  less than half the inner tank.

  The implementation of the device for sanding

  and / or the ginning of wooden parts is described below.

  The device is allowed to stop, the load of abrasive material being contained in the internal tank 1, the flap 20 of the flap being in the closed position and retained by the flap latch 21, the door 13 being closed.

by the door latch 14.

  The bottom of the door 19 is brought approximately into a horizontal position by starting the motor 9 which drives the roller 3. The rotation of the

  tank and the flap is opened 20 The abrasive material flows

  the by the hatch 15 in the space between the wall of the inner tank 1 and the outer wall 2, the edge 22 of the flap 20 resting against the inner surface

  of wall 2 limits the flow of material on one side.

  The emptying can be helped by the implementation of a movement

  alternative of the low amplitude tank The level

  abrasive material drops below the bottom of the door

  and allows you to open the door 13 We set up

  the support 44 of parts on which two chains are fixed

  its to be closed The door 13 is closed and the motor 9 is started to rotate the tank clockwise (for the embodiment shown in which the opening, of the flap is made from left to right -Fig 1) The abrasive material is retained by the flap 20 and flows into the tank 1 When the tank

  did a U-turn and the flap came into the po-

  diametrically opposite sition to that shown on the fig-

  re 1, it comes to be applied against the hatch 15 and is locked by the hatch lock 21 The drive device of the moving assembly is then put into action

  while having the tank rotate alternately.

  When the treatment is deemed sufficient,

  stops the drive assembly's drive motor 39 and

  we bring the bottom of the door to a horizontal position

  see the hatch to remove the abrasive material from the tank

  inside and the parts support 44 is removed.

  According to the embodiments described: the vibration frequency edt between 3 and 30 hertz

  and the amplitude between zero and + 20 mm.

  The dust resulting from the treatment is evacuated by a vacuum device by means of the connector 23 This same connector allows the separation of the

  dust attached to the abrasive material by blowing

  flage. Figure 7 illustrates a character variant

  optimal embodiment of the invention.

  In this variant, the organs described above bear the same marks. The difference lies

  in the fact that the cradle 70 on which the assembly rests

  ble turn is itself movable by rotation around

  axis 71 supported by bearings (not shown) soli-

  of one end of the fixed cradle 72 The other end

  bed 76 is equipped with one or more cylinders

  73 tooth the (or> mobile part (s) 74 is (are) ar-

tick (s) in 75 in cradle 70.

  The implementation of the cylinder (s) 73 by

  well known means, for example hydraulic, makes it possible to

  tilt the rotating assembly from the horizontal position to

  the tilted position and vice versa This operation of in-

  tilting along the longitudinal axis can be done while

  performing the rotation of the tank and the vibration of the support

  Harbor. The device according to the invention makes it possible to treat the object globally It uses a technology

  common and requires only a few specific tools.

  Its colt is low and its maintenance simple It can work

  work with a variety of abrasive products which

  can be chosen according to the job.

  The rotation of the tank and object to be processed

  ter allows, on the one hand, the mixing of the abrasive (therefore

  the settlement) and, on the other hand, the passage in the abra-

  sif of all parts of the object to be treated even if the

  tank is not completely filled with abrasive These advantages

  ges are further improved when tilting the cradle.

  To reduce noise and wear on the enclosure,

  the inner wall can be coated with pulverized rubber

  laughed with a pistol or a removable shirt, for example glued.

  The invention finds a particular application.

  very interesting in ginning and sanding of ob-

  wooden jets and in particular furniture.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS 1 Device for alternately filling and emptying a closed tank with divided products, characterized in that the tank (1) has a double wall (2) e-ran N r these m Yen of driven rotation driven in rotation / C 3, 4), a hatch (15) capable of being closed by a flap (20) extending over the entire length of the tank and making said tank communicate with the volume between the wall of the latter and the double wall (2), the flap (20) in the open position coming to bear against the double wall. 2 Device for sanding and / or ginning wooden parts, said device comprising a closed tank containing an abrasive material in which a workpiece support is provided, said support being driven by a vibratory movement, characterized in that the tank (1) with a horizontal axis comprises a double wall (2) which is cylindrical and which is rotated by rotation means (3, 4), a hatch (15) capable of being closed by a flap (20) extending over the entire length of the tank and making said tank communicate with the volume between its wall and the double wall (2), the flap (20) in the open position lean against the double wall, a door (13) provided on one (12) of the bottom of the tank, the bottom (19) of the door (13) being parallel to the rope subtended by the edges of the hatch and on the same side with respect to the center of the tank, the other bottom (16) carrying a movable assembly (25) at one end of which is pre seen a part support (44) and a vibration drive device (31, 32, 39, 69, 70, 71) of the moving assembly. 3 Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the tank (1) comprises means (71, 73) for tilting it along its longitudinal axis. 4 Device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the movable assembly consists of a cylindrical shaft (26) held at its end opposite 1.1 posed to that carrying the support of the parts (44), a ball joint (27) whose bearing is fixed to a frame (29) fixed to the bottom (16) of the tank, and at its other end by holding rods (31, 32) articulated in the vertical and horizontal planes at brackets (36, 37) fixed to the bottom (16) of the tank. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable assembly is formed of a structure (72) fixed to the seat (29) by rubber pads (73) at one end of which is fixed a shaft (74), freely crossing the bottom (16) of the tank, provided with a support (44) of parts. 6 Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the vibrating drive device of the movable assembly comprises alternating linear drive means (38) of the cylindrical shaft (26) and the holding rods (31, 32). 7 Device according to claim 4 or claim 6, characterized in that the holding rods (31, 32) are inclined in the vertical and horizontal planes at an angle between 90 and 45 relative to the horizontal. 8 Device according to claim 2 or claim 5 characterized in that the vibration drive device consists of at least one vibration generator (69, 70, 71) fixed on the structure (72) and arranged on the structure so that its action is exerted in the desired direction. 9 Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the vibration generators are unbalance motors. Device according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the workpiece support (44) comprises a crosspiece (46) capable of being removably attached to the end of the shaft (26) 'of the mobile equipment, two parallel columns (40.50) fixed to the ends of the cross-member and symmetrically with respect to its middle and forming with it a U-shaped part, and a fixing frame (51) formed by two longitudinal members (52, 53) connected by spacers (54,55) and two rings (56, 57) fixed in the middle of the spacers and cooperating with the columns (49,50) by clamping means, said fixing frame comprising at ends of the side members of the locking means (58,61) of the parts. 11 Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vibration frequency of the workpiece support is between 3 and 30 Hertz. 12 Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the vibration amplitude is between zero and + 20 mm. 13 Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable assembly (25) carries, at the end opposite to that of the support (44) of parts, a counterweight (75). 14 Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abrasive material is in the form of balls. Device according to one of the claims   1 to 13, characterized in that the abrasive material is in the form of pellets.