WO1983002417A1

WO1983002417A1 - Device for sandpapering and/or shelling wooden parts

Info

Publication number: WO1983002417A1
Application number: PCT/FR1983/000007
Authority: WO
Inventors: & Cie Bertin
Original assignee: CIAUDO, Claude, José, Louis; Steiner, Francis; Vattaire, Maurice
Priority date: 1982-01-12
Filing date: 1983-01-11
Publication date: 1983-07-21
Also published as: FR2519573A1; FR2519573B1; EP0191506A2; EP0084483A3; EP0084483A2; ATE45530T1; EP0191506A3; EP0191506B1

Abstract

The device comprises a horizontal vat (1) with a double cylindrical wall (2) driven rotatingly by rollers (3, 4). A trap extends throughout the length of the vat and communicates with the volume comprised between the vat wall and the double wall. The trap door rests against the double wall in an open position so as to let abrasive material enter the inner vat before starting the pumicing operation. A bottom (12) of the vat is provided with a door (13) and the other bottom (16) carries a movable train (25). An extremity of the train carries a holder (44) to hold the parts and a vibration drive device (31, 38). The drive device carries two rods arranged in a horizontal plane and in a vertical plane and supporting the shaft (26), and an alternating rectilinear drive device (38). According to another example of execution, the vibrating drive device is comprised of vibration generators.

Description

Device for sanding and / or ginning wooden parts.

The invention relates to a device for sanding and / or ginning wooden parts, said device comprising a closed tank containing an abrasive material in which a workpiece support is provided, said support being driven by vibratory movements.

The manufacturing process for wooden furniture is now automated; on the other hand, finishing operations, such as sanding, ginning, etc. have not yet found satisfactory solutions and in most cases require manual intervention.

Sanding, a well-known technique, and ginning, which consists in removing the irregularities which appear during staining or varnishing of the woods, as a result of the straightening of the fibers, are lengthy operations and all the more delicate as the surfaces are worked.

We tried to mechanize the gearing using wire brushes, but this method had the disadvantage of excessively rounding the sharp corners.

According to another method described in the patent application German published n ° 25 20 399, the polishing piece is fixed to a support penetrating into an enclosure containing an abrasive material. The support is subjected to alternating longitudinal and rotational movements. The part, partially immersed in the abrasive material, is successively sanded or ginned on all its faces. In order to allow the treated parts to leave and replace them with new ones, a compartment has been provided into which the abrasive material penetrates during the tilting of the enclosure. This tilting takes place around bearings fixed at the end of the enclosure opposite to that holding the support. According to the embodiment shown, the device is designed to treat a chair.

As a result of the immobility of the abrasive material and the movements of the part being treated, there is a compaction of the abrasive which slows down the movements of the support and which can even lead to the deterioration of the object treated. In addition, the tilting of the enclosure for unloading and loading requires powerful means, due to the mass of abrasive and the position of the axis of rotation.

The device according to the invention implements a sanding and / or ginning process similar to that used in the cited application, but is designed so as to avoid the effects of compaction of the abrasive material and to eliminate large displacements of material when loading or unloading the treated parts.

The explanations and figures given below, by way of examples, will make it possible to understand how the invention can be implemented.

Figure 1 is a front view of a device according to the invention. Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view along II-II of Figure 1. The Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view along III-III-of Figure 1. Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of a device according to a second embodiment. Figures 5 and 6 show. a side view in partial section and a top view of a device for fixing the parts to be treated. Figure 7 is a front view of a variant of the device according to the invention.

Figures 1, 2, 3 ταontrent different views of a device available for sanding and / or ginning of wooden parts according to one embodiment of the invention.

The device comprises an inner tank 1 of horizontal cylindrical or polygonal axis, coaxial with an outer tank 2 cylindrical. This assembly is produced in the form of a tank with double side wall. The side wall 2 cooperates with rotation drive means consisting of rollers or rollers with horizontal axes 3, 4 mounted on a cradle 5 fixed to the ground. The rollers or rollers are integral with axes having a length at least equal to that of the tank and rotate in bearings 6, 7 fixed on the cradle. Flanges 8 are provided at the outer ends of the rollers or rollers which prevent longitudinal movements. According to the embodiment shown, one of the axes of the rollers is driven and the other idle. Thus, the axis 3 is driven by a motor 9 via a reduction gear 10 and a coupling 11. Preferably, the motor 9 is a motor with speed variation.

One of the bottoms 12 of the inner tank 1, directly accessible, is provided with a semi-circular door 13 kept closed by a door latch 1-4 and carrying a fitting 23 in the axis of the tank for connection to a suction or blowing device. The inner tank 1 has over its entire length a hatch 15 defined, approximately between the two bottoms 12, 16 and two generators 17, 18 located between the bottom of the door 19 and the side wall of the tank 1 relative to its axis, the cord joining the generators 17, 18 being approximately parallel to the bottom of the door 19. A flap 20 is articulated according to, for example, the generator 17 and is held in the closed position by a trap latch 21. The width of the flap 20 is such that the latter, when it is open (FIG. 1), comes to rest by its edge 22 against the internal lateral surface of the external wall 2, thus sharing the volume comprised between the two walls. The function of this flap will be explained later.

The bottom 16 of the inner tank 1 has in the axis an opening 24 through which a movable assembly 25 passes at one end of which is fixed the support 44 of the parts to be treated.

According to the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3, the movable assembly 25 consists of a cylindrical shaft 26 maintained, at its end opposite to that carrying the support, in a ball joint 27 whose bearing is fixed by a support plate 28 to a chassis formed by the fairing 29 of the movable assembly, the fairing being fixed to the bottom 16 of the tank. The ball joint is protected from dust by bellows 30.

The movable element 25 is set in motion by a drive device which, in the embodiment of Figures 2 and 3, comprises holding rods and alternative linear drive means.

The shaft 26 is held near the end carrying the support and outside the tank by a set of two links 31, 32 arranged respectively in vertical and horizontal planes with respect to the frame 5. The vertical link 31 carries at one end a stirrup 33 whose branches cooperate with cylindrical pins 34 fixed diametrically on the shaft 26. The other end of the link is movable around an axis a, b, or c fixed in a console 35 secured to the bottom of the tank.

According to one embodiment, the points of articulation a, b, c of the vertical link on the console give it an inclination of between 90 and 45 ° relative to the horizontal materialized by the axis of the moving assembly. The horizontal link 32 is fixed at 90 ° to the vertical link 31, one of the ends being fixed to the shaft 26 by means of a stirrup 36, and the other end being fixed to a console 37 secured to the bottom of tank 16.

This console also has several points of articulation a, b, c making it possible to obtain an inclination of between 90 and 45 ° relative to the horizontal.

The shaft 26 is driven longitudinally by alternating linear drive means 38 comprising an electric motor 39, fixed to the bottom of the tank. The motor shaft is provided with an eccentric 40 cooperating with the cylindrical bore of the foot of a connecting rod 41 whose head drives a stirrup 42 fixed on the shaft 25.

The commissioning of the motor 39 drives the moving element 25 in a vibratory movement which breaks down along three rectangular axes, two of which are determined by the links 31, 32 and the third, by the axis of the moving element 25. L amplitude of movement according to the vertical and horizontal components is adjustable by moving the attachment point a, b, c of the rods on the consoles. These amplitudes increase with the inclination of the rods. The end of the fairing 29 carries a rotary current collector 43 allowing the supply of the motor 39.

The movable element 25 carries at its free end means for removable attachment of the workpiece support 44. These means consist of a flange 45 fixed to the end of the shaft 26 onto which a cross member 46 of the support is bolted . The passage of the shaft 26 in the opening 24 of the bottom 16 of the tank is sealed by a sealing bellows 47 whose edges are respectively fixed to the flange 45 of the shaft 26 and to a flange 48 fixed on the edge of opening 24.

The parts support shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is more particularly intended to hold chairs (shown in dashed lines) by their frame and allows the simultaneous processing of two chairs.

The cross member 46 carries symmetrically with respect to its middle two parallel columns 49, 50 forming with it a U-shaped part. At a distance from the cross member at least equal to the height of the chair backrest is fixed a fixing frame 51 consisting of two longitudinal beams 52, 53 connected by spacers 54, 55. The distance between the spacers is such that it corresponds approximately to the interior distance between two rings 56, 57 capable of cooperating with the columns 49, 50. The elements of the frame fixing 51 are symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry passing through the center of the two columns.

The projecting ends of the side members carry means for locking the chair frame. These means consist of a collar 58 capable of sliding on a free end of a spar and carrying an eccentric lever 59 intended to bear on one side 60 of the chair frame, the collar being blocked on the spar by wedging; and a stop 61 fixed to the other free end of the spar and maintaining the opposite side 62 of the chair frame.

The rings 56 and 57 to which the fixing frame 51 is fixed are held on the columns, either removably by known clamping means, or permanently by welding, as shown in FIGS. 5, 6.

For the simultaneous treatment of a second chair, a second fixing frame 63 similar to the first 51 is placed on the end of the columns, but the rings of which are held at one end by an expandable locking device 64 which comprises, so known, an elastic ring 65 capable of being compressed longitudinally between a fixed stop 66 and a movable stop 67 by means of an eccentric 68.

According to another embodiment of the device for dragging the mobile assembly, shown in FIG. 4, it consists of three vibration generators 69, 70, 71 mounted on a structure 72 fixed to the fairing 29 by means of rubber pads 73.

The generators are arranged on the structure so that their actions are exerted in three directions perpendicular to each other.

The structure 72 is provided with a shaft 74 passing through the bottom 16 of the tank 1 and carrying, as in the previous example, a support 44 for parts to be treated.

The vibration generators are constituted, for example, by unbalance motors.

Alternatively, there is provided at the free end of the movable assembly a counterweight 75 for balancing the parts to be treated. Preferably, the abrasive material is in the form of balls or pellets which fill at least half the inner tank.

The implementation of the device for sanding and / or ginning wooden parts is described below.

The device is allowed to stop, the load of abrasive material being contained in the inner tank 1, the flap 20 of the flap being in the closed position and retained by the flap latch 21, the door 13 being closed by the latch door 14.

The door bottom 19 is brought approximately into a horizontal position by starting the motor 9 which drives the roller 3. The rotation of the tank is then stopped and the flap 20 is opened. The abrasive material flows through the hatch 15 in the space between the wall of the inner tank 1 and the outer wall 2, the edge 22 of the flap 20 resting against the inner surface of the wall 2 limits the flow of the material on one side. The emptying can be helped by the implementation of an alternating movement of the tank of small amplitude. The level of the abrasive material drops below the bottom of the door and allows the door 13 to be opened. The support 44 for pieces is placed on which two chairs to be treated are fixed. We close the door 13 and the motor 9 is started to rotate the tank clockwise (for the embodiment shown in which the flap is opened from left to right Figure 1) . The abrasive material is retained by the flap 20 and flows into the tank 1. When the tank has made a U-turn and the flap has come into the position diametrically opposite to that shown in FIG. 1, this this is applied against the hatch 15 and is locked by the hatch lock 21. The drive device of the moving assembly is then put into action while by making the tank rotate alternately.

When the treatment is judged sufficient, the drive motor 39 of the moving equipment is stopped and the bottom of the door is brought to a horizontal position. Or open the hatch for. evacuate the abrasive material from the inner tank and the parts support 44 is removed.

According to the examples described below: the vibration frequency is between 3 and 30 hertz and the amplitude between zero and ± 20 mm.

The dust resulting from the treatment is evacuated by a vacuum device via the connection 23. This same connection allows the separation of the dust attached to the abrasive material by blowing.

FIG. 7 illustrates an optimal variant of the embodiment of the invention.

In this variant, the previously described members have the same references. The difference lies in the fact that the cradle 70 on which the rotary assembly rests is itself mobile by rotation about the axis 71 supported by bearings (not shown) integral with one end of the fixed cradle 72. The other end of the cradle 76 is equipped with a. or several jacks 73 of which the movable part (s) 74 is (are) articulated at 75 in the cradle 70.

The implementation of the jack or jacks 73 by well known means, for example hydraulic, makes it possible to tilt the rotating assembly from the horizontal position to the inclined position and vice versa. This tilting operation along the longitudinal axis can be done while rotating the tank and vibrating the support. The device according to the invention makes it possible to treat the object globally. It uses current technology and requires only a few specific tools. Its cost is low and its maintenance simple. It can work with a variety of abrasive products that can be chosen according to the job.

The rotation of the tank and object to be treated allows, on the one hand, the mixing of the abrasive (therefore avoids compaction) and, on the other hand, the passage through the abrasive of all the parts of the object to be treated even if the tank is not completely filled with abrasive. These advantages are further improved when the cradle is tilted.

To reduce noise and wear and tear on the enclosure, the interior wall can be coated with spray gun rubber or with a removable jacket, for example glued.

The invention finds a particularly interesting application in ginning and sanding wooden objects and in particular furniture.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Device for alternately filling and emptying a closed tank with divided products, characterized in that. that the tank (1) comprises a double pa king (2) driven in rotation by means of rotation drive (3,4), a hatch (15) capable of being closed by a flap (20) extending over the entire length of the tank and making said tank communicate with the volume between the wall of the latter and the double wall (2), the aberrant (20) in the open position pressing against the double wall.

2. Device for sanding and / or ginning wooden parts, said device comprising a closed tank containing an abrasive material in which a support for parts is provided, said support being driven by a vibratory movement, characterized in that that the tank (1) with a horizontal axis has a cylindrical double wall (2) driven in rotation by rotation drive means (3, 4), a hatch (15) capable of being closed by a flap as long ( 20) extending over the entire length of the tank and communicating said tank with the volume between the wall. the latter and the double wall (2), the flap (20) in the open position / coming to bear against the double wall, a door (13) provided on one (12) of the bottom of the tank, the bottom (19) of the door (13) being parallel to the rope subtended by the edges of the hatch and on the same side with respect to the center of the tank, the other bottom (16) carrying a movable assembly (25) at one end of which is provided a workpiece support (44) and a vibration drive device (31, 32, 39, 69, 70, 71) of the moving element.

3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the tank (1) comprises means (71, 73) for tilting it along its longitudinal axis.

4. Device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the movable assembly consists of a cylindrical shaft (26) held at its end opposite to that carrying the support of the parts (44), in a ball joint (27) whose bearing is fixed to a frame (29) fixed to the bottom (16) of the tank, and at its other end by holding rods (31, 32) articulated in the vertical and horizontal planes to consoles ( 36, 37) fixed to the bottom (16) of the tank.

5. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable assembly is formed of a structure (72) fixed to the chassis (29) by rubber studs (73) at one end of which is fixed a shaft (74 ), freely crossing the bottom (16) of the tank, provided with a support (44) of parts.

6. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the vibrating drive device of the movable assembly comprises alternating linear drive means (38) of the cylindrical shaft (26) and the holding rods (31 , 32).

7. Device according to claim 4 or claim 6, characterized in that the holding rods (31,32) are inclined in the vertical and horizontal planes at an angle between 90 and 45 ° relative to the horizontal.

8. Device according to claim 2 or claim

5, characterized in that the vibration drive device is constituted by at least one vibration generator (69, 70, 71) fixed on the structure (72) and arranged on the structure so that its action is exerted in the desired direction.

9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that that the vibration generators are unbalance motors.

10. Device according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the workpiece support (44) comprises a crosspiece (46) rsusceptible to be removably attached to the end of the shaft (26) the moving element, two parallel columns (40, 50) fixed to the ends of the cross-member and symmetrically with respect to its middle and forming therewith a U-shaped part, and a fixing frame (51) formed of two longitudinal members ( 52, 53) connected by spacers (54, 55) and two rings (56, 57) fixed in the middle of the spacers and cooperating with the columns (49.50) by clamping means, said fixing frame comprising at the ends side members of the locking means (58, 61) of the parts.

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vibration frequency of the workpiece support is between 3 and 30 Hertz.

12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the amplitude of vibration is between zero and

± 20 mm.

13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable assembly (25) carries, at the end opposite to that of the support (44) of parts, a counterweight (75).

14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abrasive material is in the form of balls.

15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the abrasive material is in the form of pellets.