FR2515232A1 - CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT SUCH AS BRICK, PLATE, PAVER OR THE LIKE - Google Patents

Abstract

A construction element is proposed, which consists of concrete, glass, plastic or the like in the form of a block, a plate or the like, has two first wall sections which originate from an edge which is designated as the basic edge and touch at an angle to one another on said edge, and has a basic shape to facilitate a multiplicity of highly different designs and possibilities for use in such a manner that a second wall section (27, 29), running essentially in the same direction as the first wall section, is connected in an offset manner to at least one first wall section (23, 24) via a connecting piece (26, 28) which runs at an angle thereto.

Description

 The invention relates to a building element, for example, a brick, plate or the like, particularly also a paving plate, an assembly block, comprising at least one edge (base) with two first wall sections tangent thereto. this.

 Hereinafter the term "construction element" is used in the broadest sense for an assembly element which may consist of concrete, plastic, glass, as well as wood and may be assembled, by the use of elements of similar construction to form a larger unit. In particular, the term also indicates assembly elements, such as elements for covering the floors, therefore preferably bricks or assembled paving plates.

 It is true that a multitude of construction elements are known having very varied structural configurations, however they can only be used for special applications and when they have to be used for other purposes, they must each time present another structural configuration. Such building elements exist in their particular designs in the form of plates, structured bricks or solid cut stones.

 For example, DE-GM 18 34 049 describes an assembly block of parallelepipedal shape, the plan view of which has a "U" profile, of which opposite lateral faces therefore have a recess on one side and the other side a projection.

The other two side faces, shorter than the previous ones and measuring only 3/5 the length of the first ones, are smooth and straight. This results in only one possibility of laying this paver, in particular that illustrated in FIG. 3.

 A particular drawback, in particular for the installation of known pavers, lies in the fact that with this mode of placement they must each time be turned on 18qu. Another drawback is due to the fact that either the pavers are bulky and difficult to handle, especially when the distance from the bottom of the recess or the hollow to the point of the projection is too great, or else if they must be easy to handle, the pavers generally become too small, so that the re-covering of a predetermined area requires an out of proportion expenditure in terms of labor and working time.

 In addition, with the unique installation method shown, by which the lateral faces of two pavers coincide each time with a slab placed behind them, the danger exists, that because of the rectilinear lateral faces extending perpendicularly relative to to the lateral faces provided with projections and recesses, that certain paving stones in a row of edges move, thus allowing other tiles, from the edge up to a certain depth in the assembly, to also move, so that the whole assembly begins to disintegrate.

 Another installation method than that which has just been illustrated and described (which has yet another drawback explained below) is not possible with the known paving stone. above all, is there no possibility of laying the slabs in such a way that the lateral face of each of them comes into contact with only one other slab and each time four slabs meet at their corners respective. By such an installation method, there would no longer be any holding along the short straight sides, the rows of parallel slabs being able to move towards one another, which is disadvantageous, not only for the application but also from an aesthetic point of view.

All the drawbacks therefore arise from the fact that each first section of side wall starting from an angular edge continues in a straight line until the next angular edge and has no shaping or the like.

 The subject of DE-GM 18 58 336 basically corresponds to that of the document cited above. Only the slab has wall sections offset between them at its additional side walls, which however still leaves at least one direction in which the assembly can be released.

The slab has fundamental drawbacks, both as regards the need to turn them on 1su01 and for the large number of slabs required for a predetermined laying surface with a given nesting range, or else it results in an execution which is difficult to handle. , if a predetermined area is to be covered with a smaller number of tiles
The behavior of the assembly is fundamentally poor. Essentially the disadvantages mentioned above for the; ffi-GM 18 34 048 arise.

 Against by the invention aims to provide a building element having a basic structure allowing the use, avoiding the drawbacks mentioned above, building elements according to the invention in multiple ways and for the most applications various, which, for example, vis-a-vis the known concrete pavers, allows multiple laying methods, while ensuring good performance of the assembly, especially in the edge areas of a covered surface.

 According to the invention, the problem is solved in that at each first planned wall section is joined in offset, by means of a connecting panel whose main orientation forms an angle with it, a second section wall having essentially the same orientation as the first.

 The building element according to the invention may have the form of a thin plate, the base side of which is then short in comparison with the wall sections and especially with the total of the wall sections and the connecting panel. .

In this way the building element according to the invention can be formed and used as a plate or slab for floors or sidewalks. But the building element according to the invention can also take a cubic or parallelepiped shape and then the base side has a length of the order of magnitude of that of the wall sections or their total. In this case the building element can be used as a solid or hollow concrete brick for masonry, as an ornamental brick or assembly paver. In principle it is also possible to give the building element according to the invention rather the shape of a frame and in this case the length of the base side reaches approximately that of the wall sections, but the thickness behind each of the wall sections is small compared to their length and especially if the element of construction consists of walls oriented in parallel with respect to the wall sections, the construction element can be used as a slope element, for the construction of non-aging walls, etc.

 In another configuration, an interrupted or perforated plate can be used as a lawn fence, protection of trees or plantations, as well as as a demarcation brick.

 While in one configuration it is expected that the connecting wall sections are oriented at an obtuse angle relative to at least one of the wall sections, a preferred configuration provides that the connecting sections extend at an angle at least one of the wall sections. The undercuts thus formed above all make it possible to obtain the assembly of contiguous building elements, provided with projections or recesses which fit together. A subsequent shaping of this configuration provides that the connecting panels have at least partially a curved shape and pass in a curved line in a second section of wall, also curved.

 Particularly for the basic plate or parallelepiped configurations, such as for example a paving stone, it is additionally provided that if there are two edges whose wall sections are oriented towards each other and aligned, the second sections of wall connected thereto must merge into one another in a straight line, thus forming a recess or a projection as a shaping and in particular that the second wall sections offset offset or projecting form recesses and / or projections mutually. corresponding. A preferential development here provides that when four angular edges determine the base face of a parallelepiped, at least one shaping is given on each side, these shapings being recesses on det: x opposite faces, while in particular the surface of base determined by the angular edges of the building element is square and that elements contiguous to the recesses, projecting therefrom and delimited by first wall sections and connecting sections, fill half of the recess.

 Bricks having the basic structure for covering floors, such as assembly plates or pavers, have configurations of edging stones, to which, between two contiguous angular edges with essentially converging wall sections combined therewith, a second section of wall is offset offset from the first wall section with an angular edge and another second wall section is offset from the first wall section, the two second wall sections touching each other, while 'It is intended in particular that the two second wall sections merge in a straight line and thus form a heel.

 From this structural configuration it follows that the first wall sections of this border stone coincide with second wall sections of the base plate, while second wall sections of the border stone co-operate with first sections of wall of the base plate.

In another configuratior. it is intended that the second wall sections touch at an angle along an angular edge to form a cornerstone which encloses a corner of the base plate and can thus close a corner of an overlay formed of base plates and cornerstones, the other side faces of this cornerstone simply circumscribing right angles.

 The building element according to the invention has, especially as a covering element for floors, such as for example, concrete assembly pavers, a series of serious advantages.

First of all, it allows a laying method as usually practiced for paving slabs and terraces, etc. where a side face of a slab touches each time only that of a single other and where four slabs meet at their angular edges, which at the same time ensures excellent resistance of the assembly in all directions, which is precisely not the case for known paving slabs. When laying, the paving elements according to the invention must not be turned over 1800, but at most over 900 according to the laying process applied, which can easily be done with one hand since, for example, the paving elements are in the form of an assembly block, while turning over 180ex as required by the category of known pavers , cannot in any way be done with one hand; it would already be necessary to carry out significant contortions, or else pass the slab from one hand to the other to turn it over, which would require for example to deposit and take up a laying tool held in the other hand, such as a hammer Another advantage which must be taken into account with regard to laying, is that, again in the case of a paver, which must be able to be grasped with one hand by the paver, a given surface may be covered by a smaller number of tiles than permitted by the current state of the art.

 By adopting a recess depth or an equal projection height on the two slabs and a predetermined equal attack width, this results in an excess in surface area to be covered, this mistletoe means a considerable advantage, depending on the projection height and the depth selected recesses which can represent a significant part of the actual base surface, especially on pavers. This constitutes a significant saving in manpower and therefore in labor cost.

 Thus the building element according to the invention, by the combination of its characteristics, offers a multitude of significant advantages of use or laying technique.

As explained above, it is also possible to dispense with the usual hooking effect in order to obtain a homogeneous assembly in all directions, which can cope with more severe stresses by traffic.

 If two opposite faces are provided with corresponding recesses or protrusions and the other two opposite faces of the parallelepiped base body are provided with a protrusion and a recess, such a configuration can be used as a hollow masonry brick or solid, the two different shapes of the opposite faces allowing these bricks to marry in a row, - while similar structural shapings, that is to say either recesses or projections on the other opposite faces, can, by way of example, serve to cover the bricks with facing or formwork plates, in such a way that these can also cooperate with recesses or structural projections, depending on the shaping of the basic bricks, while in in this particular case, the recesses and projections must include undercuts in one of the ways explained above. The corners of such a wall or wall assembly can be formed by fitting the projection of a building element of a wall into a screw of another building element, the building elements then not being able to present a square base surface a but should in principle have an oblong rectangle as the base surface; the faces comprising the different forms of projections and shoulders then being narrower than those comprising similar forms formed either by projections or by recesses, while on one wall several of these projections and recesses can be formed side by side by means of second wall sections.

Other advantages and details of the invention appear from the claims and from the description which follows, in which exemplary embodiments of the building element according to the invention are elucidated with reference to the drawings, which show in the
Figure 1: the plan view of a first embodiment of the building element according to the invention plate;
Figure 2: another embodiment of the building element according to the invention as a border plate adapting to the plate of Figure 1;
FIG. 3: another embodiment of the construction element according to the invention as an angular plate adapting to the plates of FIGS. 1 and 2.

Figure 4: the plan view of a plate covering consisting of a plate similar to that of Figure 1 and the plates of Figures 2 and 3;
FIGS. 5a, b: each a different arrangement of an assembly of plates comprising 3 recesses and 1 projection;
Figure 6: the plan view of a tree border consisting of plates-similar to those of Figure 1 and intermediate plates of Figure 4;
FIG. 6a: another embodiment of the construction element according to the invention in the form of an intermediate plate, for example for the tree edges; bigures 7a, b: the plan view of two other building elements modeled according to the invention as a sanding plate or block;
Figure 8 another embodiment of a plate;
FIG. Sa: a covering in plates according to FIG. 8, as well as in edge and angular plates adapted to the former, similar to the plates in FIGS. 2 and 3;
Figure 9 * the plan view of another embodiment of the building element according to the invention as a plate, terminal, rectangular brick or as a hollow block;
Figure 10: a perspective view of the application of a building element similar to that of Figure 9 as a hollow block for the construction of a wall with suitable cover plates;
Figure 11: another embodiment of a building element according to the invention as a frame element;
Figure 12: a possibility of applying a similar frame element;
Figure 13: the combination of two frame elements according to Figure 11 as the foot of a tennis table top;
Figure 14: another embodiment of a construction element according to the invention in the form of another frame element;
Figure 15: the combination of two other similar frame elements;
Figure 16: another combination of the frame elements shown in Figure 12;
Figure 17: the use as a wall of the frame elements shown in Figure 12 by superposition thereof.

 A first simple embodiment of the construction element according to the invention in the form of a plate or assembly brick 21 is shown in plan by FIG. 1. The plate 21 is modeled from the basic form of a square parallelepiped, this basic shape can basically have both a rectangular base surface, but a square surface having preference. The preferred assembly brick, seen in plan, has angular edges at right angles 22 visibly forming the corners, these edges possibly being able to be adequately rounded, so that at these angular edges the bricks no longer touch, but form joints. By the characteristics of the invention the holding of the assembly nevertheless remains assured. On either side of these edges 22 join the first wall sections 23 and 24.A wall section 23 connects at an obtuse angle a connecting panel 26 to a second wall section 27 offset offset and s extending in the same direction as the wall section 23. To the wall section 24 also connects at an obtuse angle a connecting panel 26 towards a second wall section 29, the latter offset offset and parallel to the section 24. The marks are indicated only near a single edge 22 and neighboring wall sections and connecting sections, but from the other edges the plate 21 is basically shaped in the same way, while two sections of converging wall 24, 24 ′ are aligned one on the other and that from these two wall sections a second common wall section 29 is formed, that is to say that the second offset projecting wall sections, connected to the first sections 24, 24 'by the connecting panels, merge one inside the other to form the projection 31. The same applies to the recessed wall sections 27, which thus form a recess 32. The protrusions 31 and the recesses 32 are shaped in such a way that they nest, that is to say that when a plate 21 is placed adequately against another plate 21, the projection 31 fits into the recess 32, as shown in FIG. 5. They have so basically the same area 2 xF, even if taking into account the seals and tolerances, the area of the recess could be a little larger. According to the very preferred embodiment shown, the wall sections 23, 24 are also half the length of all the wall sections 27, 28 covering the shapes 31, 32, so that the area marked F 'corresponds - in its form also - to the surfaces F of the shaping 31, 32 and can sty interlock twice.

 We will come back later.

 Another embodiment of the construction element according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 2 as a border plate adapting to the plate 21. Starting from an edge 42 or 42 ′ (represented as angles rights to the plan view of FIG. 2) extends a first wall section 43 or 44, followed at an obtuse angle by a connecting panel 46, 48 to which a second wall section 47, 49 is combined in the same orientation as the sections 43, 44, while the wall sections 42, 49 together form a heel 51 between the first wall sections 43, 44.

 The edge plate 36 can be joined to two contiguous plates 21 as illustrated in FIG. 4. Then the first wall section 44 engages the recess 32, while the recessed wall section 43 embraces practically a projection 31, while the heel 51 of the edge plate 36, constituted by the two wall sections 47, 49, follows the first two wall sections 23, 24 of the two adjoining plates 21.

 FIG. 3 shows, also in plan, an angular plate 37 adapting to the plates 21 and 36. On this plate also, a first wall section 43, 44 is combined with the edges 42, 42 'and then, passing through a connecting panel 46 or 48, a second wall section 47, 49 having the same orientation as the corresponding first wall section 43, 44, these two second wall sections 47, 49 not passing one inside the other in straight line, but rather forming a right angle on a convex edge 52. The use of an angular plate 37 according to Figure 3 in combination with the plates 21, 36 of Figures 1 and 2 is also shown in Figure 4 .

 Then the angular plate 37 is connected in such a way to the edge 22 of a plate 21, that the concave edge 52 of the angular plate 37 is opposite to the edge 22 of the plate 21 and that each time the first sections wall, the connecting sections and the second wall sections of the plate 21 and the plate 37, are located face to face and fit into each other.

 The lines 38 indicate an ornamental notch made in the upper face of the plate 21.

 FIGS. 5a and Sb show other arrangements of plates 21 ′, having basically the same structural model as 1.

plate 21, that is to say that their protrusions 31 and recesses 32 are formed in the same way by wall sections 23 or 24 and 29 or 27 and by connecting sections 28 or 26 as on the stone plate 21 of FIG. 1. Instead of each having protrusions 31 and recesses 32 facing each other, each plate 21 'has three recesses and a protrusion shaped in such a way that according to FIG. protrusion engages a recess in another plate like those of FIG. 1, but that in addition the edges with their contiguous wall sections 23, 25 as well as the corresponding connecting panel 26 of two plates assembled in the manner described, s 'fit into the recess 32 of a single other plate, which has just been exposed above.

 While in FIG. 5a the orientations of the identical plates are different, that is to say that the two plates which are represented therein in the middle 21 ′, are directed in the same way and that the two plates situated above and below are oriented differently, the plates shown in Figure 5b are all oriented the same, so in Figure a the contiguous edges and wall sections of two plates engage a recess of another plate located in front of a projection, while by the arrangement of FIG. 5 the edges 21 and the contiguous wall sections of two plates engage a recess of one year of plate 21 ′, opposite which is also a recess which is therefore close to a projection of another plate.

 The plates 21, 36 and 37 of FIGS. 1 to 3 described here can basically also be perforated, coxml represented on the configuration of another plate, in particular an intermediate plate 39, as well as for corresponding plates 21 to those of Figure 1, shown in Figure 6 or 6a. In FIG. 6a the same parts of the plate, this time perforated on days 53 and 54, are indicated by the same reference marks as in FIG. 1; this is how, for explanations of the plates 21 in FIG. 6, reference can be made to the details given with regard to FIG. 1. In addition, a plate 39 is incorporated in FIG. 6, which is shown separately in the figure. 6a. This intermediate plate 39 also includes days 58. Starting from a edge 62 which is not at a right angle on the intermediate plate 39 but which forms an acute angle, extend two wall sections 63 which, via connecting sections 66, are connected with second wall sections 67, offset offset from the wall sections 63, but having the same orientation as these. To this section 67 is joined at an obtuse angle a connecting panel 68 corresponding to the connecting panel 66 to thereby form a recess 72. Instead of a recess 72, a projection could also be formed in the same way.

 As shown in Figure 6, plates 21 and 39 are assembled alternately so that a curve is formed, which can be closed to obtain a complete circle, the projections 31 engaging the recesses 72 in the manner shown.

 Thus the tree border shown in Figure 6 is formed.

In principle, the days can also have another shape, for example square, or they can all be circular.

Figures 7a and 7b show two other examples of construction elements according to the invention, suitable in particular as plates or assembly blocks, preferably concrete. To simplify matters, the individual shapes such as recesses, protrusions and wall sections, although not identical to those of the preceding figures, are indicated by the same references as the shapes and structurally similar sections of the figures described above. Here again, protrusions 31 and recesses 32 are formed using first wall sections 23, 24 starting from an edge 22, connecting flaps 26, 28 starting from these sections, as well as second wall sections 27, 28 emerging from said sides. Also on these models, especially in that of FIG. 7, the angular edges 22 enclose a square, these angular edges therefore having, particularly according to FIG. 7b, a right angle shape. Furthermore, recesses and protrusions corresponding to the shapes of Figures 5a and 5b could also be advantageously provided, which would allow an identical installation
The surfaces X, G ', or according to the angle of view H, H' which for the configuration of FIG. 7b correspond to the surfaces
F, F 'in Figure 1, are identical, not only in area, but also in shape, which also offers corresponding nesting possibilities.

 Another example of execution of a construction element according to the invention in the form of a plate 71 is represented in FIG. 8. The individual elements and zones of the plate 71 are indicated by the same references as in the FIG. 1, but accompanied by an apostrophe. For the explanations relating to the configuration of the plate 71 of FIG. 8, one can basically refer to FIG. 1.

 The difference between the plate 71 of FIG. 8 and the plate 21 of FIG. 1 consists only in that the connecting flaps 26 ', 28' combined with the corresponding wall sections 23 ', 24' or 27 ', 29' form an acute angle, so that convex surfaces are formed at an angle of 490t each time, or concave faces at an angle of> 2700 between a connecting panel and a wall section. Thus, under-cavities are formed in recesses 32 ′ and protrusions 31 ′ which mean that, when the corresponding plates are assembled, the protrusions 31 ′ fit in such a manner in the recesses 32 ′ that this results in a stable assembly, as illustrated by the covering of plates 72 of FIG. 8a. The edge and angle plates are not shown. With the exception of the arrangement of the connecting sections with respect to the wall sections, these plates essentially conform to the edge and angular plates 36, 37 of FIGS. 2 and 3.

 While on the base plates 21, 71 of Figures 1 and 8 the projections 31, 31 'and the recesses 32, 32 are face to face and that on the contour the projections 31, 31' alternate with the recesses 32, 32 ', it is also possible - as mentioned above - that layouts and guelconques numbers on the contour of the plates 21, 71 are combined with corresponding base plates, as shown in Figure 9 on the plate 81 which has a projection 31 "and three recesses 32". Also in this configuration extend from an edge 22 "a preferred wall section 23" or 24 ", followed by a connecting panel 26" or 28 ", which this time, unlike the versions of the plates 21, 71 of FIGS. 1 and 7, passes continuously into the second border section 27 "or 29", which has the shape of a stretched curve. The projections 31 "and recesses 32" thus formed are adapted to each other, so that 'a projection 31 "of a plate 81 can be hooked in the recess 32" of another plate 81 to firmly consolidate the two plates.

 Larger parallelepipedic construction elements can also obtain this configuration comprising wall sections, projections and recesses as on the plates 21, 71 and 81, as shown in FIG. 10 on stones 91 provided with projections and d '' recesses like those of the plate 81 of figure 9.

 The building elements of FIG. 10 are bottom, layering of hollow rectangular stone blocks having a basically rectangular base surface, one side of which is longer than the other. The longer wall has two recesses 32 ', similar to those of the plate 81 in FIG. 9, while the shorter wall has either a recess 32 "or a projection 31" By means of the recesses 32 "and projections 3Ii provided on the narrower side walls 92, several bricks can be mounted in a row side by side and interconnected by fitting the projections 31t1 into the 32 "recesses. To form a corner, the projection 31" of a stone 91 can be introduced into one of the recesses 32 "of the larger side face 92. By the superposition of the hollow stone blocks 91 a wall can thus be formed. The wall thus formed can be covered by placing cover plates 96 provided with projections 97 conforming to the projections 31 "and by engaging these projections 97 in the recesses 32" of the hollow stone blocks 91 to cover the latter, which is also shown in figure 10.

 While the bricks described so far in FIGS. 1 to 10 are basically presented as plates or parallelepiped bricks, although in some cases they have hollow spaces or days, for example as bricks or hollow stone blocks, the design of the invention also relates to a configuration in the form of a frame of the construction elements according to the invention, in which correspond to the external contours described above of a construction element comprising first wall sections, sections of transition and second wall sections, as well as the recesses and protrusions which they form, includes a parallel internal wall having similar wall sections and transition sections and only separated from the first by a predetermined wall thickness. construction thus structured in the form of a frame element is represented in configurations and for different uses at the Figures 11 to 17. A first frame element appears in Figure 11. Here also, two wall sections 113 and 114 extend from an edge 112 at a right angle. At the outer edge 112 is arranged a corresponding inner edge 112 'which is concave and from which extend at a right angle and in parallel with the wall sections 113, 114, two wall sections 113', 114 ' .

 The wall sections 113, 114 or 113 ', 114' are then joined with transition panels 116, 118 or 116 ', 118', the transition panels 116 and 116 ', as well as the transition panels 118 and 118' being parallel to each other. Transition sections 116, 118 or 116 ', 118' lead to other wall sections 117 and 119 or 117 'and 119'. The uses of the frame element in support of Figure 11 are multiple. By way of example, two frame elements 111 of FIG. 11 can be juxtaposed on their wall sections 119 as shown in FIG. 13, so that the wall sections 113 rest against each other and the elements frame are, for example, attached to each other by means of bolts 121. Free uprights 122 of the frame elements comprising the wall sections 117, 117 'then go vertically upwards and there is a means of place a plate fitted therewith with suitable shoulders 123, for example a table or tennis table top 124, so that the combination described and illustrated in FIG. 13 of two frame elements 111 can serve as a foot 126 for the top a tennis table 124.

 Another configuration of a construction element according to the invention in the form of a frame element 131 is represented in FIG. 12. This frame element 1 which initially has a shape similar to that of the frame element 111, in the following description, referring to FIG. 12, has the same references for the wall sections and other characteristics as those of the frame element 111 in FIG. 11. Has an external edge 112 or an internal edge 112 'joins a wall section 113 or 113 on both sides at a right angle'.

It is followed by a connecting panel 116 or 116 ′ leading to a wall section 117 or 1171, offset from the wall section 113 or 113 ′, but having the same orientation as the latter. FIG. 12 now shows two of these superimposed frame elements 131. There is a means of superimposing in this way several elements to thus form a slope attachment. The elements can have holes 132 by which, using bolts or studs, they can be rigidly attached to each other, while by tilting from the lower wall section 116 of the upper frame member 131, there is a bypass behind the upper wall 117 of the lower frame member 131, which provides a certain stability against pressure, especially since the latter also acts on the face 116 of the upper frame member 131 and thus firmly applies the upper frame member against the lower frame member.

 The frame elements 131 illustrated in FIG. 12 can just as easily be combined and used in other ways as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17. In FIG. 16, four frame elements 131 are assembled in such a way that they form a complete frame construction 133 which has on each side on its contour a recess 134 formed by the wall faces 117 offset in recess. Thus the frame elements 131 can be used as ornamental stones etc.

The frame constructions shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 can basically be designed as well as elements for constructing a part according to the invention and provided that the tools have an adequate manufacturing height, they can serve as assembly elements in frame shape, for example, also as a lawn brick. On the one hand, such configurations make it possible to obtain a consolidated, drive-over basement; can be used for example as a parking place for a motor vehicle, while on the other hand grass can grow in the interstices, which avoids a continuous surface and allows a certain variation in the ground.

Another frame member 141 is illustrated in Figure 14
This one-piece frame element 141 corresponds to a combination of two frame elements 111, whereas instead of a single edge 112 provided to the latter, the element 141 has two edges 112 to which the wall sections join. corresponding. The wall sections 117 as well as the corresponding interior wall sections 117 'which extend in parallel, have the free ends, while the wall sections 119 or 119' merge into one another by forming a projection 136 which protrudes outwards.

 By their neighboring end faces 137, contiguous to the wall sections 117, 117 ′, the elements 141 can be.

connected to each other to form a frame construction whose base surface corresponds to that of the plate 21 shown in Figure 1. The frame elements 151 of Figure 1! have a configuration similar to that of the frame element 141 in FIG. 14, except that in configuration 151 the recessed offset wall sections 117 form a recess 152, while the wall sections 119 or 119 'of a element 151 have the free ends, the free end faces 157, adjacent to the wall sections 119, 119 ′, meet in the frame construction 158 of FIG. 15 and thus form a projection 159.

 The characteristics of the invention specified in the description above, in the drawings, as well as in the claims may be essential, both separately and in any combination whatsoever, & the implementation of the invention in its various embodiments.

 Then the building elements or individual bricks can take the form of plates, of solid parallelepiped bricks, of hollow bricks, of bricks in the form of an openworked or unworked frame and can be combined with one another in multiple ways for the most diverse purposes. The possibilities of applying the brick according to the invention in its various embodiments include the use as a paving stone or tile plate, sidewalk slab, floor assembly slab, as a brick for walls or a wall, as an element. of hollow wall, detalus element for the production of sound-absorbing walls, like stone of carrying grid, stone of border, stone of protection of trees or plantations and like boundary marker. For the delimitation of berms, to open or build terraces, etc ... The bricks according to the invention can be made of concrete, glass, wood or plastic.

Claims (11)

 1.- Construction element, for example a brick, plate or the like, particularly also a paving plate, assembly paving stone, having at least one edge (basic with two first sections of wall tangent thereto, cara risé in that at each first planned wall section joins in offset, passing through a connecting panel oriented at an angle with respect to said first wall section, a second wall section extending essentially in the same direction tion than the first wall section.  2. A building element according to claim 1 characterized in that at least a second wall section is arranged in a projecting offset with respect to the first wall section.  3. A building element according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a second wall section is arranged offset projecting from the first wall section.  4.- Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting wall planes extend at an obtuse angle relative to at least one of the wall sections.  5.- Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the connecting planes extend at an acute angle relative to at least one of the wall sections.  6.- Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the connecting wall sections have at least partially a curved shape.  7.- Building element according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting wall sections pass in an arc in a second wall section of curved shape.  8.- construction element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, in the case of two edges with wall sections oriented towards one another and mutually aligned, the two second wall sections which join there, pass one inside the other, forming a hollow or a protuberance as a shaping.  9 - Building element according to claim 8, characterized in that the second wall sections offset recessed or projecting, create mutually horn shapings.  IQ.- Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the case of a configuration comprising four angular edges determining the base face of a square, at least one shaping is provided on each side, these shapings being recesses on two opposite faces.  11. A building element according to claim 10, characterized in that the base face determined by the angular edges of the building element is square.  12.- construction element according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that parts of the element adjacent to the recesses, projecting relative thereto, delimited by first wall sections as well as by transition sections fill half of the recess.  13.- Construction element for the lateral finishing of a surface covered with elements according to one of the preceding claims, comprising second wall sections offset relative to the first sections which extend from angular edges of the element, sty joining through transition panels, characterized in that between two adjacent angular edges having first conjugated wall sections, essentially oriented towards each other, a second wall section is offset backwards by relative to the first wall section of an angular edge, while another second wall section is offset projecting from the first wall section and in that the two second wall sections touch.  14. A building element according to claim 13, characterized in that the two second wall sections pass one into the other in perfect alignment, thus forming a heel.  15.- building element according to claim 13, characterized in that the second wall sections touch at an angle along an angular edge.  16.- construction element according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that projections and similar recesses are always facing each other.  17.- Construction element according to one of resells ica- tions 10 to 15, characterized in that on two opposite faces, recesses corresponding to each other are shaped and on the other two opposite faces of the parallelepiped base body at least a projection and a recess are shaped.  18.- Building element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a frame-shaped design with constant wall thickness.