FR2482260A1 - MULTI-GRID TYPE INCINERATOR OVEN - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INCINERATOR OVEN INCLUDES A HOPPER 5 IN THE FORM OF A PYRAMID TRUNK OF WHICH THE SMALL BASE OPENS ABOVE A SET OF GRIDS 11 REMOVABLE MOUNTS ON A CROSS SUPPORT 12. THE HOPPER 5 SUPPORTED BY PERFORATED FIREPLACES 20 AND AN AIR SUPPLY DUCT 23 OUTLET IN 24 IN THE HOPPER WHICH IS CLOSED BY A COVER 10 AND WHICH DELIMITES, AT ITS UPPER PART, A BOX 4 FOR EXPANSION OF THE GAS EXHAUSTED BY CHIMNEYS 7.

Description

The present invention relates to a new incinerator oven with grids

multiple usable in particular

  for the incineration of household waste.

  The embodiment of the oven of the invention means that at least most of the combustion air can be sucked in directly through grids supporting the materials and, moreover, it is possible to activate the combustion by an additional supply of air or another gas including oxygen, when the materials

  to be incinerated are particularly low in combustion -

  tibles. The embodiment of the oven of the invention makes it easy to move the grids which have to support the materials to be incinerated and thus to remove the materials

unbound.

  In accordance with the invention, the incinerator oven includes a hopper in the form of a pyramid trunk, the

  small base opens above a set of amo-

  vibles carried by a cross support.

  Various other features of the invention

  moreover emerge from the detailed description which follows.

  Embodiments of the subject of the invention are shown, by way of nonlimiting examples, in

attached drawing.

  Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional elevation of the

incinerator oven of the invention.

  Fig. 2 is a plan seen along line II-II of

fig. l.

  Fig. 3 is a partial section seen along the

line III-III of fig. 1.

  Fig. 4 is an elevation illustrating a support

appearing in fig. 1.

  Fig. 5 is a plan, seen. from above, corresponding

in fig. 4.

  Fig. 6 is an elevation seen along the line

VI-VI of fig. 4.

  The incinerator oven shown in the drawing comprises a frame 1 supporting an upper crown 2, said frame I being advantageously covered on its sides by protective plates 3. The crown 2 and the b & ti I support, at their upper part, a pressure reduction box 4 of parallelepip6dic shape which communicates by its lower part with a hopper 5 in the shape of a trunk of pyramid with square base. The box 4 is closed on its top by a plate 6 in which are provided

  fireplaces 7, for example two in number, the chimneys

  Fe born preferably on the lateral sides.

  In its middle part, the plate 6 delimits an opening

  loading structure 8 laterally comprising profiles 9

  serving as rolling or sliding tracks for a

  circle 10 can thus be moved in the direction shown by the arrow f in order, on the one hand, to allow the loading of the incinerator and, on the other hand, to close its upper part during operation so that the

  pulling is carried out suitably by chimneys 7.

  The base of the hopper 5 is open - above a set of grids 11. The set It includes a support

  of grid 12 in cross which comprises a fft 13 and branches

  ches 14, 14a arranged in a cross as illustrated by the

  fig. 5. The branches 14, 1a are constituted by pro-

  yarns joined together by a first set of grids

  mountable 15 made for example of expanded metal. The branches 14, 14a also serve to maintain a second set of mobile rectangular grids 16 constituted by bars assembled together as shown in the

  fig. 3 or, where appropriate, by other means.

  It is advantageous for the grids 16 to have a projecting bar 17 or another similar means allowing them to be grasped when it is necessary to put them in place or remove them, possibly allowing them to be hooked by a suspension member 18 (fig. 1 ) attached to the hopper 5 or

to frame 1.

  the hopper 5 is internally provided with supports 19,

  for example gussets, to which are fixed

  perforated holes 20, for example four in number, and

  preferably arranged above the removable grids 15.

  the perforated chimneys 20 are advantageously constituted

  killed by bars arranged parallel to each other and joined by crowns 20a. A marquee 21, perforated or not, covers each of the chimneys 20 to pocket that the materials to be incinerated discharged by the

  verture 8 can enter said chimneys.

  The lateral sides of the ftt 13 have, as illustrated in FIG. 69 of the openings 22 for the passage

  primary air to supply the hearth formed

  above the set of grids 11. Furthermore, the fat 13 advantageously comprises a median conduit 23 extended by a perforated tube 24 closed by a marquee 25. It is thus possible to optionally bring air or a

  other pressurized gas via line 26 in the con-

midline 23-

  As is apparent from the above, the materials to be burned fill at least all or part of the hopper by resting on the set of grids 11. Primary combustion air spontaneously passes through the grates 16 and is brought through the grids 15 through the openings 22e Part of the air passing through the grates 15 passes inside the perforated chimneys 20 to supply the hearth throughout its thickness. The gases produced by the combustion are expanded in the chamber delimited by the box 4, which has the effect of improving the draft and the fumes are then evacuated by the chimneys' 7 which can be provided with purifying devices * To further improve the combustion , it is possible to bring air or oxygen through line 26 and to distribute this air or this oxygen through the perforated tube 24. It has been found that in the case of the incineration of household waste , it was advantageous to blow an amount of air through the perforated tube 24 corresponding to approximately 25% of the volume of air normally sucked through the grids

15 and 16.

  In the foregoing, the cross grid support is four branches and, therefore, two sets of four grids are provided. This number can, however, be different, and, in particular, it is possible to produce ovens comprising only a support with three branches or on the contrary a support with six or eight branches and, in this case, the shape of the hopper 5 is adapted to correspond to the number of sides delimited by the grids

and 16.

  It is advantageous for the profiles which delimit the branches 14, 14 & to be shaped, for example in a U shape, so that they provide a guide between the grids 15 and the grids 16, which allows them to be removed and

  set them in place using a forklift.

  When the oven is very large, the branches 14 and 14a of the cross support can be extended, for example up to the uprights of the frame 3 and

  parallel slides are then provided to allow

  be to move the grids to completely clear the

  base of the hopper 5. This arrangement facilitates removal

  ash and bottom ash that may remain on the grids.

  The invention is not limited to the examples of

  lisation shown and described in detail, because various modifications can be made without departing from its scope.

Claims (8)

  1 - Incinerator oven of the multiple grid type, characterized in that it includes a hopper in the shape of a pyramid trunk, the small base of which opens above a set of removable grids carried by a support crossed.   2 - Oven according to claim 1, characterized by perforated chimneys extending inside the hopper over the major part of the height thereof, said chimneys being closed by capitals which can themselves be perforated, said chimneys being carried by supports, for example gussets, holding them   at the periphery of the lower opening of the hopper.   3 - Oven according to one of claims 1 and 2,   characterized in that the hopper forms in its upper part   rieure, a box delimiting an expansion chamber for combustion gases.   4 - Oven according to one of claims 1 to 3,   characterized in that the top of the box surmounting the hopper is closed by a plate crossed by chimneys arranged near the edges of said plate which is, moreover,   pierced with an opening normally closed by a cover.   - Oven according to one of Claims 1 to 4,   characterized in that the opening of the plate forming the hopper box is bordered by guide tracks   of the cover to be moved between transfers.   6 - Oven according to one of claims 1 to 5,   characterized in that the cross support of the sets of grids comprises branches delimited each time by two parallel profiles supporting between them a first set of removable grids, the profiles of two   Contiguous games supporting a second set of mobile grids.   7 - Oven according to one of claims 1 to 6,   characterized in that the grids consist of bars, expanded metal.   8 - Oven according to one of claims 1 to 7,   characterized in that the perforated chimneys are cons-   held together by bars arranged in parallel and united by crowns.   9 - Oven according to one of claims I to 8,   characterized in that the support for cross grids comprises a barrel in which a median duct is provided for   supply air to a perforated tube covered by a chapi-   teau and protruding above the grids.   - For according to one of claims 1 to 9,   characterized in that the median duct is used for the supply air or other blown gas.   It - For according to one of claims 1 to 10,   characterized in that the Grid Sets are mounted on profiles connected to the cross support and arranged   so as to allow them to slide.