FR2476531A1 - Mould and tamping beam for concrete - uses outer box section frame to house tenons with internal fittings and voids filled with resin - Google Patents

Abstract

The mould with a tamping beam is used in the manufacture of cellular precast concrete building blocks to withstand wear and vibration whilst providing fabrication tolerances. The mould walls may use a lined (2) external substructure of a compound welded steel plate (1,7,8,9,10) construction, incorporating accessible voids (11,12,16). Open slot holes (17) in the liner permit the insertion of cruciform tenons (20,18) from partition and core formers (4,16), the voids then being filled with epoxy resin mortar to fix the components in the precise required relationship. The tamping beam may use sidelong ladder frames spanning channel section bearers, the latter being filled with epoxy resin to obtain a similar fixing.

Description

The present invention relates to an improved device for the vibrating molding of concrete blocks or the like in cement mortar.

This device comprises, as is well known, a mold and a packing plunger. The mold is normally placed on a wooden tray and the assembly is positioned on a vibrating table directly above the packing plunger. A filling drawer slides and rubs on the wear plate of the mold to move between two extreme positions, one for lateral erasure under a mortar distribution hopper and the other for intervention on the mold. to fill in the fingerprints of it. The packing plunger descends into said cavities, while the table vibrates, in order to determine the height of the concrete blocks and after packing, the mold rises to allow the release of the latter which are held between said plunger and the plate.

 Known molds generally comprise a rectangular frame, the internal faces of which are lined with wear plates and which is made integral with separating partitions and bars to which are fixed cores normally housed between the partitions. These various parts delimit between them imprints having a shape complementary to the breeze blocks to be molded together.

Such parts constitute, when assembled, a hyperstatic system; therefore, they must be machined and assembled with great precision, much higher in any case than that with which the concrete blocks must be produced. I1 results in a prohibitive cost of the mold and an excessive difficulty in its execution.

 Most of the wearing parts are subjected, before their assembly, to a carbonitriding heat treatment having the effect of increasing their duration in order to improve their reliability and increase their longevity.

To carry out the assemblies, a first technique consists in welding but in this case, the parts are soaked locally. Consequently, wear is accentuated and accelerated in these areas and moreover, the resistance to vibrations is weakened with risk of cracks and breaks.
A second technique which does not have this drawback, proceeds by screwing; but it is very expensive, because of the additional machining with very precise positioning that requires the installation of screws or bolts.

 In addition, whatever the assembly technique used, the interchangeability of the nuclei of one model with those of another model is impossible; moreover, very often, the frame is thrown away when it could be reused.

Now with regard to known settlement divers; they comprise bars which are complementary to the free spaces between the cores and the partition walls of the mold and which are fixed, by means of struts, under cross-pieces secured to the correct spacing of a common upper plate. The assembly of these different parts together and with the upper plate is carried out by welding after punching relative to the mold.

But, the weld is accompanied by deformations such that a very important work of straightening is essential.

This operation is very delicate and long to execute, the precision obtained is very relative and leads to the provision of relatively substantial clearances between the mold and the conjugate plunger.

 The object of the present invention is to remedy all these drawbacks. Considering that each part of the molding device (mold and plunger) has marginal elements and internal elements, the invention proposes that the marginal elements and / or the internal elements delimit outside the molding volume at least one cavity in which of the respective integral anchoring members of the internal elements and / or of the marginal elements are housed very freely, that the said internal elements are precisely positioned relative to one another and with respect to the said marginal elements and that a blocking material is poured into the external cavity for firmly and rigidly holding in place the anchoring members thus positioned, the material having a high mechanical resistance to vibrations and abrasion, and being furthermore pourable at room temperature or slightly higher and curable without shrinkage or elongation.

Preferably, the material consists of an epoxy resin.

 In the case of the mold, the invention lies more precisely in that each side member of the frame delimits, at its upper part, a groove forming a first cavity and opening at the top as well as towards the inside by a slot, in that a wear plate applied against the internal face of the longitudinal member in question, has protruding at least one anchoring profile whose core is near the bottom interior edge of the aforementioned slot and whose anchoring wings are extend in said first cavity, in that the wear plate also has a lower lip projecting towards the outside and delimiting with the lower edge of the spar considered a locking groove in undercut, forming a second cavity, in that the upper edge of this wear plate has notches in which are fitted the ends of the core bars and those of lesser height of the partitions, ends which open, as well as the anchoring lugs from which they are provided llement integral in the pre-caves cavity, and in that each spar is provided with a peripheral flange for fixing an upper wear plate covering said first cavity.

 If it is a settlement plunger, the invention lies more precisely in that the upper plate is secured, under its lower face, to the outer wing of at least two gutters parallel to each other and delimiting, with this plate, two blocking cavities, and in that the inner wings of these gutters have facing each other and against said plate, access slots for the ends of the aforementioned crosspieces, ends which are optionally integral with anchor tabs.

 Thanks to the invention, the assembly of the constituent parts is isostatic; it can be executed simply, quickly and economically, without any particular skill and with the appropriate precision, without requiring precise and large-scale machining.

The hardness of the parts is that resulting from the heat treatment and it no longer appears when mounting areas of weakness which wear out more quickly, more refined heat treatments can now be adopted for certain parts at least in order to further improve the resistance to wear, for example a boriding treatment.

 Furthermore, it becomes possible to use parts other than metallic, for example ceramic, reinforced plastic, etc.

 On the other hand, the change of accidentally damaged parts can now be carried out quickly and easily. In addition, the same trunk or the same plunger plate can be used to manufacture different models of concrete blocks, simply by changing or moving or adding at least some parts. The interchangeability which results therefrom makes it possible to store frames or plates in advance and thus reduce the lead time for the molds.

 Various other characteristics and advantages of the invention will also emerge from the detailed description which follows, with reference to the attached drawing.

On this drawing
- Fig. 1 is a partial and cutaway perspective, illustrating in synoptic view a particular, but non-limiting, embodiment of the part of a mold applying the invention,
- Fig. 2 is a view similar to the
Fig. 1 relating to a particular, but not restrictive, embodiment of the similar part of a settlement plunger.

 Fig. 1 clearly shows one of the side members 1 of the frame of a mold, the wear plate 2 doubling the internal face of this side member, the upper plate 3 covering the upper external part of said side member, as well as one of the separating partitions 4 and one of the bars 5 with cores 6 which are alternately housed in the internal cavity of the mold and made integral with the side members 1 of the latter.

 The spar 1 has, in the example shown, a box structure of welded sheets; it has an inner strip 7 and an outer strip 8 connected to each other by a middle spacer strip 9 and by a lower edge 10. The part of the strip 7 projecting from the spacer strip 9 upwards is lower than the counterpart of band 8.

These bands define between them a groove ll or other form of cavity intended to receive a blocking material. The groove 11 opens upwards, for its refilling, and inwards, for the fitting of the other parts, by a slot 12.

 The wear plate 2 is normally applied against the inner strip 7 of the spar. It is integral with an anchoring profile 13, the core of which extends from the upper bxd 14 of the strip 7 and passes through the slot 12 so that its wings extend in the groove 11 for their attachment. by the blocking material. The plate 2 is also secured to a lower lip 15 which, like the edge 10 of the spar to which it is substantially parallel, is inclined while rising towards the outside; thus, the lip 15 and the edge 10 delimit between them a locking groove 16 in undercut into which the aforementioned blocking material can be poured.

The wear plate 2 therefore closes the slot 12 from the inside, but it has notches 17 descending to the core of the anchoring profile 13 and allowing access to the locking groove 11 to the other parts to to stare.

 The ends 18 of the bars 5 with cores 6 are shaped to be able to penetrate with a sufficient adjustment play in the notches 17, rest on the profile 13 and take place, possibly with anchoring lugs 19, in the blocking groove 11.

 To assemble a mold, the corresponding frame is chosen and mounted relative to its side members 1, by simple interlocking, the wear plates 2, the partitions 4 and the bars 5 with cores 6.

Then, the relative positioning of these various parts is precisely adjusted, which is very easy because of the clearances provided for this purpose. Finally, the chosen blocking material is poured into the cavities 11 and 16.

Preferably, this material consists of a cold-cast epoxy resin. For example, this can be constituted by a resin known under the name of Araldite and more especially that obtained by mixing araldite SW 404 with the hardener HY 404.

 Of course, other materials can be used as long as they have a high mechanical, vibration and abrasion resistance, in addition they are pourable at room temperature or slightly higher and curable without shrinkage or elongation. For example, one can also use a high resistance cement without shrinkage, such as those known under the name of "embeco" or "clavex" ..., a polyester resin, a metal alloy with a very low melting point or others.

 when the material has taken hold, the upper plate 3 is placed on a peripheral rim 22 of the outer strip 8 of the side members so as to completely cover the upper grooves 11 filled with said blocking material; the plate is then fixed on the edge by means of screws with countersunk heads.

Fig. 2 clearly shows one of the bars 23 of the packing plunger, the corresponding cross member 24, the strut 25 which connects the bar to the cross member and the upper plate 26 under which the cross members are secured.

 The bars are conformally complementary to the free spaces which exist between the aforementioned cores and partitions of the mold; more precisely, they are shaped in correspondence with the section of the longitudinal walls of the concrete blocks with the primers of the transverse walls.

 In the example shown, the assemblies 23 to 25 are manufactured in advance and their crosspieces are positioned, then fixed under the plate 26 by the means of the invention described in the following.

This plate 26 is integral with two gutters 27 parallel to each other, located below said plate and opposing it so as, on the one hand, to guide the ends 28 of the spans 24 during their positioning and, d On the other hand, to delimit a cavity 29 intended to receive the blocking material.

In the example chosen, the gutters 27 are U-shaped profiles whose outer wing 30 is welded under the plate 26 while its inner wing 31, possibly welded from place to place, defines therewith a slot 32 of access and guide the corresponding end 28 of the crosspieces. This end penetrates into the cavity 29 to be blocked there, possibly with the anchoring lugs 33 of which it is integral, by the cast material.

 To mount a packing plunger, the cross members 24 of the assemblies 23 to 24 are slipped into the slots 32 and against the plate 26; then the spacing, parallelism, transverse positioning, verticality, etc. of the latter are finally adjusted, the blocking material is poured into the cavities 29.

 The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown and described in detail, because various modifications can be made without departing from its scope.

 The improvements of the invention are applicable to the vibrating molding of concrete blocks or the like in cement mortar.

Claims (3)

1. - Device improved for the vibrating molding of concrete blocks or others, in cement mortar, this device comprising two parts constituted by a mold and a packing plunger and each part having marginal elements to which internal elements are fixed, characterized  - in that the marginal elements (1 or 26) and / or the internal elements (2 & 6 or 24) delimit outside the molding volume at least one cavity (11, 16 or 29) in which members of the anchoring (13, 19, 21 or 33) respectively integral with the internal elements and / or the marginal elements are housed very freely, - in that said internal elements are positioned with precision relative to one another and with respect to said marginal elements,  - And in that a blocking material is poured into the external cavity to firmly and rigidly hold in place the anchoring members thus positioned, the material having a high mechanical resistance, to vibrations and to abrasion, and being in additionally pourable at room temperature or slightly higher and curable without shrinkage or elongation. 2. - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the material consists of an epoxy resin 3. - Device according to claim 1 or 2, applied to a mold comprising a rectangular frame (1) whose internal faces are doubled by wear plates (2) and which is made integral with partition walls (4) and bars (5) to which are fixed cores (6) normally housed between these partitions, characterized - in that each spar (1) of the frame delimits, & its upper part, a groove (11) forming a first cavity and opening at the top as well as inwards by a slot (12),  - in that a wear plate (2) applied against the internal face of the longitudinal member in question, projects, at least one anchoring profile (13) whose core is near the bottom inner edge (14) of the aforementioned slot (12) and the anchoring wings of which extend into said first cavity (11), - in that the wear plate (2) also has a lower lip (15), projecting outward and delimiting with the lower edge (10) of the spar considered a locking groove (46) in undercut, forming a second cavity, - in that the upper edge of this wear plate includes notches (17) in which the ends (18) of the bars (5) with cores (6) and those (20) of lower height of the partitions (4) are embossed ), ends which open, as well as the anchoring lugs (19, 21) of which they are optionally integral in the first cavity (11),  - And in that each beam is provided with a peripheral flange (22) for fixing an upper wear plate (3) covering said first cavity. 4. - Device according to claim 1 or 2, applied to a compaction plunger comprising bars (23) conformally complementary to the free spaces between cores and partition walls of the mold and fixed, by means of spacer-posts (25) under crosspieces (24), secured at correct spacing from a common upper plate (26), characterized - Ence that the plate (26) is integral, under its underside, with the outer wing (30) of at least two gutters (27) parallel to each other and delimiting, with this plate, two cavities blocking (29), - And in that the inner wings (31) of these gutters have, facing one another and against said plate, access slots (32) for the ends (28), of the aforementioned crosspieces (24) ends which are optionally integral with anchoring lugs (33).