FR2410477A1 - Composition hemostatique absorbable - Google Patents

Composition hemostatique absorbable

Info

Publication number
FR2410477A1
FR2410477A1 FR7832651A FR7832651A FR2410477A1 FR 2410477 A1 FR2410477 A1 FR 2410477A1 FR 7832651 A FR7832651 A FR 7832651A FR 7832651 A FR7832651 A FR 7832651A FR 2410477 A1 FR2410477 A1 FR 2410477A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
hemostatic composition
fibrin
collagen
absorbable hemostatic
absorbable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR7832651A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
FR2410477B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Lawrie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ethicon Inc
Original Assignee
Ethicon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ethicon Inc filed Critical Ethicon Inc
Publication of FR2410477A1 publication Critical patent/FR2410477A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2410477B1 publication Critical patent/FR2410477B1/fr
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L24/00—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
    • A61L24/04—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L24/10—Polypeptides; Proteins
    • A61L24/106—Fibrin; Fibrinogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/39—Connective tissue peptides, e.g. collagen, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, vitronectin, cold insoluble globulin [CIG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L24/00—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
    • A61L24/04—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L24/043—Mixtures of macromolecular materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00365—Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof
    • A61F2310/00377—Fibrin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L2400/04—Materials for stopping bleeding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
    • A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UNE COMPOSITION HEMOSTATIQUE ABSORBABLE UTILISABLE EN CHIRURGIE POUR L'ARRET DES HEMORRAGIES OSSEUSES. ELLE COMPREND DE 10 A 50 EN POIDS DE POUDRE HEMOSTATIQUE FAITE D'UN MELANGE DE POUDRES DE FIBRINE ET DE COLLAGENE DANS UNE BASE BIOCOMPATIBLE SOLUBLE DANS L'EAU ET CONTENANT UN AGENT AGGLUTINANT. DE PREFERENCE, LA FIBRINE ET LE COLLAGENE SERONT PRESENTS EN QUANTITES SENSIBLEMENT EGALES DANS UNE BASE DE GLYCOL AQUEUSE. LE PRODUIT FINAL SERA UNE MATIERE SEMI-SOLIDE, ANALOGUE A UN MASTIC, POUVANT ETRE EMPAQUETE DANS UNE SERINGUE, UNE ENVELOPPE EN MATIERE SYNTHETIQUE OU UN TUBE D'ALUMINIUM POUR EN ETRE EXTRUDE SELON LES BESOINS.
FR7832651A 1977-12-05 1978-11-20 Composition hemostatique absorbable Granted FR2410477A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB50503/77A GB1584080A (en) 1977-12-05 1977-12-05 Absorbable hemostatic composition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2410477A1 true FR2410477A1 (fr) 1979-06-29
FR2410477B1 FR2410477B1 (fr) 1981-11-13

Family

ID=10456141

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR7832651A Granted FR2410477A1 (fr) 1977-12-05 1978-11-20 Composition hemostatique absorbable

Country Status (10)

Country Link
CA (1) CA1119515A (fr)
DE (1) DE2852319A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2410477A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1584080A (fr)
HK (1) HK34681A (fr)
HU (1) HU179969B (fr)
IE (1) IE47606B1 (fr)
IL (1) IL56110A (fr)
IN (1) IN149490B (fr)
MY (1) MY8200056A (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0030583A1 (fr) * 1979-12-18 1981-06-24 Oscobal Ag Matériau de remplacement des os et procédé pour sa fabrication
EP0109310A2 (fr) * 1982-11-16 1984-05-23 Ethicon, Inc. Composition hémostatique absorbable
EP0115549A1 (fr) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-15 Ethicon, Inc. Pâte pour l'hémostase et pour le soulagement temporaire des défauts dans le traumatisme des os
EP0166263A1 (fr) * 1984-05-31 1986-01-02 Green Cross Corporation Composition de remplissage pour défaut ou partie creuse dans un os, "kit" ou "set" pour la préparation de cette composition
EP0183136A1 (fr) * 1984-11-19 1986-06-04 Koken Co. Ltd. Agent hémostatique composé de collagène/gélatine et protamine
EP0372966A2 (fr) * 1988-12-08 1990-06-13 JOHNSON & JOHNSON MEDICAL, INC. Composition pâteuse hémostatique à base de collagène
EP0572272A1 (fr) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-01 JOHNSON & JOHNSON MEDICAL, INC. Agent de cicatrisation osseuse résorbable
WO1998044963A1 (fr) * 1997-04-10 1998-10-15 Brigham & Women's Hospital Agent hemostatique resorbable

Families Citing this family (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981000516A1 (fr) * 1979-08-31 1981-03-05 Merck Patent Gmbh Gel contenant fibrine et antibiotique pour le traitement d'os infectes et son procede de preparation
DE3014123C2 (de) * 1980-04-12 1982-03-18 B. Braun Melsungen Ag, 3508 Melsungen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Skleroproteintransplantaten mit erhöhter biologischer Stabilität
DE3360633D1 (en) * 1982-02-12 1985-10-03 Unitika Ltd Anti-cancer device
USRE32208E (en) * 1982-11-16 1986-07-15 Ethicon, Inc. Absorbable hemostatic composition
US4443430A (en) * 1982-11-16 1984-04-17 Ethicon, Inc. Synthetic absorbable hemostatic agent
US4440789A (en) * 1982-11-16 1984-04-03 Ethicon, Inc. Synthetic absorbable hemostatic composition
US7208179B1 (en) 1990-11-27 2007-04-24 The American National Red Cross Methods for treating disease and forming a supplemented fibrin matrix
US6559119B1 (en) 1990-11-27 2003-05-06 Loyola University Of Chicago Method of preparing a tissue sealant-treated biomedical material
US6054122A (en) * 1990-11-27 2000-04-25 The American National Red Cross Supplemented and unsupplemented tissue sealants, methods of their production and use
US6197325B1 (en) * 1990-11-27 2001-03-06 The American National Red Cross Supplemented and unsupplemented tissue sealants, methods of their production and use
US6117425A (en) * 1990-11-27 2000-09-12 The American National Red Cross Supplemented and unsupplemented tissue sealants, method of their production and use
AU2572692A (en) 1991-09-09 1993-04-05 Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services, The Methods and devices for treating hemophilia and aids
US5696101A (en) * 1996-04-16 1997-12-09 Eastman Chemical Company Oxidized cellulose and vitamin E blend for topical hemostatic applications
US6762336B1 (en) 1998-01-19 2004-07-13 The American National Red Cross Hemostatic sandwich bandage
DE19858891A1 (de) * 1998-12-19 2000-06-21 Merck Patent Gmbh Verbesserte Knochensiegel
US7923431B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2011-04-12 Ferrosan Medical Devices A/S Haemostatic kit, a method of preparing a haemostatic agent and a method of promoting haemostatis
AU2003270401B2 (en) 2002-09-10 2008-03-13 American National Red Cross Hemostatic dressing
BR0317237A (pt) 2002-12-11 2005-11-01 Ferrosan As Dispositivo para amostragem ou coleta, kit, usos de um dispositivo e de um kit, e, métodos para diminuir a quantidade de um marcador em uma área de amostra, para amostrar de modo qualitativo ou quantitativo uma área quanto ao teor de um marcador e para cultivar microorganismos ou células de mamìferos coletados
US7989000B2 (en) 2003-09-23 2011-08-02 Orthocon, Inc. Absorbable putty-like implants and methods for their use for mechanical hemostasis of bone and for the treatment of osseous defects
CA2539568C (fr) 2003-09-23 2013-09-10 Orthotherapeutics, Llc Implants absorbables et leurs procedes d'utilisation pour une hemostase et pour traiter des defauts osseux
US7955616B2 (en) 2003-09-23 2011-06-07 Orthocon, Inc. Absorbable implants and methods for their use in hemostasis and in the treatment of osseous defects
DE10357460A1 (de) * 2003-12-04 2005-07-07 Friedrich-Baur-Gmbh Bioresorbierbares Material
AR054637A1 (es) * 2004-01-30 2007-07-11 Ferrosan As Aerosoles y composiciones hemostaticas
EP1786480B1 (fr) 2004-07-09 2016-09-21 Ferrosan Medical Devices A/S Composition hemostatique comprenant de l'acide hyaluronique
US8603528B2 (en) 2004-09-16 2013-12-10 Abyrx, Inc. Compositions and method for the reduction of post-operative pain
US8506646B2 (en) 2005-04-29 2013-08-13 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Multi-purpose medical implant devices
US8092464B2 (en) 2005-04-30 2012-01-10 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Syringe devices and methods useful for delivering osteogenic material
EP2059205B1 (fr) 2006-08-04 2012-04-04 Stb Lifesaving Technologies, Inc. Procédé de production de pansement solide pour le traitement de lésion tissulaire
WO2009020612A1 (fr) 2007-08-06 2009-02-12 Stb Lifesaving Technologies, Inc. Procédés et pansement pour refermer des plaies internes
EP2237806A2 (fr) * 2007-12-26 2010-10-13 Metamorefix Caillots de fibrine pulvérisés et compositions pharmaceutiques les contenant
JP5569398B2 (ja) 2008-02-29 2014-08-13 フェッローサン メディカル ディバイス エー／エス 止血および／または創傷治癒を促進するための装置
DE202010009512U1 (de) * 2010-05-28 2011-01-13 Hfp Ingredients B.V. Collagenpulver
CA2865349C (fr) 2012-03-06 2021-07-06 Ferrosan Medical Devices A/S Recipient mis sous pression contenant de la pate hemostatique
CA2874290C (fr) 2012-06-12 2020-02-25 Ferrosan Medical Devices A/S Composition hemostatique seche
CN105358071B (zh) 2013-06-21 2018-07-31 弗罗桑医疗设备公司 真空膨胀的干组合物和用于保留该干组合物的注射器
CA2928963C (fr) 2013-12-11 2020-10-27 Ferrosan Medical Devices A/S Composition seche comprenant un ameliorateur d'extrusion
WO2016058612A1 (fr) 2014-10-13 2016-04-21 Ferrosan Medical Devices A/S Composition sèche destinée à être utilisée en hémostase et cicatrisation de plaie
EP3237041B1 (fr) 2014-12-24 2020-01-29 Ferrosan Medical Devices A/S Seringue pour la retention et le mélange de premières et secondes substances
BR112017027695A2 (pt) 2015-07-03 2018-09-04 Ferrosan Medical Devices As seringa para retenção e mistura de primeira e segunda substâncias
CN108261560B (zh) * 2017-01-03 2020-12-08 张家港唯瀚生物科技有限公司 一种含变性淀粉纳米粒的可降解吸收止血材料及其应用
CN113144277B (zh) * 2021-04-13 2022-06-14 武汉理工大学 一种可注射流体明胶及其制备方法和应用
CN114470307B (zh) * 2022-04-06 2022-06-24 天新福（北京）医疗器材股份有限公司 一种可降解止血封堵胶及其制备方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2772999A (en) * 1952-06-06 1956-12-04 Johnson & Johnson Hemostatic surgical compositions and dressings
FR1325128A (fr) * 1962-03-26 1963-04-26 Procédé de préparation de bioplastes utilisables comme prothèses résorbables
US3523807A (en) * 1966-11-25 1970-08-11 Mihaly Gerendas Method of making a cross-linked fibrin prosthesis
US3742955A (en) * 1970-09-29 1973-07-03 Fmc Corp Fibrous collagen derived product having hemostatic and wound binding properties
US4006220A (en) * 1975-06-04 1977-02-01 Gottlieb Sheldon K Compositions and methods useful for repairing depressed cutaneous scars

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2772999A (en) * 1952-06-06 1956-12-04 Johnson & Johnson Hemostatic surgical compositions and dressings
FR1325128A (fr) * 1962-03-26 1963-04-26 Procédé de préparation de bioplastes utilisables comme prothèses résorbables
US3523807A (en) * 1966-11-25 1970-08-11 Mihaly Gerendas Method of making a cross-linked fibrin prosthesis
US3742955A (en) * 1970-09-29 1973-07-03 Fmc Corp Fibrous collagen derived product having hemostatic and wound binding properties
US4006220A (en) * 1975-06-04 1977-02-01 Gottlieb Sheldon K Compositions and methods useful for repairing depressed cutaneous scars

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0030583A1 (fr) * 1979-12-18 1981-06-24 Oscobal Ag Matériau de remplacement des os et procédé pour sa fabrication
US4516276A (en) * 1979-12-18 1985-05-14 Oscobal Ag Bone substitute and a method of production thereof
EP0109310A2 (fr) * 1982-11-16 1984-05-23 Ethicon, Inc. Composition hémostatique absorbable
EP0109310A3 (en) * 1982-11-16 1986-03-05 Ethicon Inc. Absorbable hemostatic composition
EP0115549A1 (fr) * 1983-02-03 1984-08-15 Ethicon, Inc. Pâte pour l'hémostase et pour le soulagement temporaire des défauts dans le traumatisme des os
EP0166263A1 (fr) * 1984-05-31 1986-01-02 Green Cross Corporation Composition de remplissage pour défaut ou partie creuse dans un os, "kit" ou "set" pour la préparation de cette composition
EP0183136A1 (fr) * 1984-11-19 1986-06-04 Koken Co. Ltd. Agent hémostatique composé de collagène/gélatine et protamine
EP0372966A2 (fr) * 1988-12-08 1990-06-13 JOHNSON & JOHNSON MEDICAL, INC. Composition pâteuse hémostatique à base de collagène
EP0372966A3 (en) * 1988-12-08 1990-12-27 Johnson & Johnson Patient Care, Inc. Hemostatic collagen paste composition
AU623456B2 (en) * 1988-12-08 1992-05-14 Johnson & Johnson Patient Care, Inc. Hemostatic collagen paste composition
EP0572272A1 (fr) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-01 JOHNSON & JOHNSON MEDICAL, INC. Agent de cicatrisation osseuse résorbable
WO1998044963A1 (fr) * 1997-04-10 1998-10-15 Brigham & Women's Hospital Agent hemostatique resorbable
US6117444A (en) * 1997-04-10 2000-09-12 Brigham & Women's Hospital Polyethylene glycol/microfibrillar collagen composite serves as a resorbable hemostatic agent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IE47606B1 (en) 1984-05-02
IN149490B (fr) 1981-12-26
HU179969B (en) 1983-01-28
IL56110A (en) 1981-09-13
DE2852319A1 (de) 1979-06-07
CA1119515A (fr) 1982-03-09
HK34681A (en) 1981-07-24
IE782393L (en) 1979-06-05
MY8200056A (en) 1982-12-31
GB1584080A (en) 1981-02-04
IL56110A0 (en) 1979-03-12
DE2852319C2 (fr) 1990-08-16
FR2410477B1 (fr) 1981-11-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR2410477A1 (fr) Composition hemostatique absorbable
DE68914110T2 (de) Hämostastische Collagenpastenmaterialzusammensetzung.
YU46701B (sh) Postupak u za dobijanje osnovnog nosećeg materijala za dozne oblike lekova sa produženim izdvajanjem aktivne supstance
GB1456618A (en) Process for the production of solid preparations of sparingly soluble medicinally active compounds in a very finely divided form
FR2430724A1 (fr) Produits fongicides a base de bicarbonate de sodium utilisables en agriculture, en horticulture et pour la protection des stocks de fruits, et leur preparation
IT1107772B (it) Procedimento per la produzione di complessi macromolecolari prodotto ottenuto e composizioni farmaceutiche che lo contengono come ingrediente attivo
IT1109339B (it) Procedimento per la preparazione di derivati amminici e composizioni farmaceutiche che li contengono e prodotto ottenuto
US3511791A (en) Denture adherent preparation
ES414093A1 (es) Procedimiento para la obtencion de una composicion farmaceutica antiinflamatoria
EP1458331B1 (fr) Procede de preparation de produits cosmetiques
ES8705763A1 (es) Procedimiento para preparar nuevas formulaciones de gel parafines terapeuticos y diagnosticos
IL46893A (en) Pharmaceutical compositions containing 4-oxo- benzopyran-6-etanol or 6-acetic acid derivatives, certain novel compounds of this type and their preparation
FR2344595A1 (fr) Composition de collagene amelioree par incorporation d'un agent de reticulation, son obtention et son application comme enveloppe tubulaire pour produits alimentaires
IL48678A (en) N-2-(pyrrolidinylmethyl)-2-methoxy-benzamide derivatives,their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
BE839145A (fr) Composition amelioree pour la detection du fibrinogene et de produits de degradation du fibrinogene et de la fibrine
FR2281568A1 (fr) Composition amelioree pour la mise en evidence des monomeres de fibrine et des produits de degradation de la fibrine, son procede d'obtention et son application au diagnostic des coagulations intravasculaires disseminees
IT7948266A0 (it) Procedimento per la preparazione di derivati di bicicloottano e di composizioni farmaceutiche che li con tengono e prodotto ottenuto
FR2379576A1 (fr) Composition acide, homogene et pouvant etre mise en forme, a base de collagene, et son procede de preparation
IT7949743A0 (it) Procedimento per la preparazione di derivati acetilenici di androst-4ene e composizioni farmaceutiche che li contengono e prodotto ottenuto
BE866097A (fr) Ensemble forme par un recipient pressurise et une composition de laque pour cheveux comportant un produit reducteur d'inflammabilite et conditionnee dans ledit recipient
JP2627445B2 (ja) 化粧料
BE812562A (fr) Nouveaux derives substitues d'halogenotriazines utiles comme activateurs dans les compositions de blanchiment peroxygenees et compositions les contenant
IT7949468A0 (it) Procedimento per la preparazione di 6-aril-4h-s-triazolo 3,4c tieno 2,3e 1,4-diazepine 8-sostituie eprodotto ottenuto nonche' composizioni farmaceutiche che le contengono
during Trituration PRODUCT UPDATE
IT1203976B (it) Derivati dell'ergolene, composizioni farmaceutiche che li contengono e procedimento per la preparazione dei medesimi