FI78900C - Framstaellning av formaldehyd med en oxideringsprocess. - Google Patents
Framstaellning av formaldehyd med en oxideringsprocess. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI78900C FI78900C FI833495A FI833495A FI78900C FI 78900 C FI78900 C FI 78900C FI 833495 A FI833495 A FI 833495A FI 833495 A FI833495 A FI 833495A FI 78900 C FI78900 C FI 78900C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- methanol
- phosphorus
- catalyst
- retarder
- silver
- Prior art date
Links
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Au] PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper gold Chemical compound [Cu].[Au] QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical group [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PZHNNJXWQYFUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus triiodide Chemical compound IP(I)I PZHNNJXWQYFUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- COTNUBDHGSIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meoh methanol Chemical compound OC.OC COTNUBDHGSIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphite Chemical class CCCCOP(OCCCC)OCCCC XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIRCAUPPZAUKDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-benzyl-2-[[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-6-methylpyridazin-3-one Chemical compound O=C1C=C(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C)=NN1CN(CC1)CCN1C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NIRCAUPPZAUKDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100421135 Caenorhabditis elegans sel-5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl methylphosphonate Chemical compound COP(C)(=O)OC VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZHYKKAKFWLGJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP([O-])OC CZHYKKAKFWLGJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005839 oxidative dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VCAFTIGPOYBOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical class OP(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 VCAFTIGPOYBOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
- B01J27/18—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
- B01J27/1802—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates
- B01J27/1817—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates with copper, silver or gold
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/48—Silver or gold
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8926—Copper and noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/37—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of >C—O—functional groups to >C=O groups
- C07C45/38—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of >C—O—functional groups to >C=O groups being a primary hydroxyl group
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Music (AREA)
- Use Of Switch Circuits For Exchanges And Methods Of Control Of Multiplex Exchanges (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US42741882 | 1982-09-29 | ||
| US06/427,418 US4439625A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1982-09-29 | Production of formaldehyde |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI833495A0 FI833495A0 (fi) | 1983-09-28 |
| FI833495L FI833495L (fi) | 1984-03-30 |
| FI78900B FI78900B (fi) | 1989-06-30 |
| FI78900C true FI78900C (fi) | 1989-10-10 |
Family
ID=23694792
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI833495A FI78900C (fi) | 1982-09-29 | 1983-09-28 | Framstaellning av formaldehyd med en oxideringsprocess. |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4439625A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0104666B2 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5982330A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE32213T1 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR8305241A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1211466A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3375477D1 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES525980A0 (enExample) |
| FI (1) | FI78900C (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO156825C (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE59605306D1 (de) * | 1995-03-15 | 2000-06-29 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von phosphordotierten silberkatalysatoren |
| DE19605213A1 (de) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-08-14 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formaldehyd |
| DE19605212A1 (de) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-08-14 | Basf Ag | Phosphordotiertes Silberkatalysator-Festbett |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2462413A (en) * | 1946-06-06 | 1949-02-22 | Allied Chem & Dye Corp | Production of formaldehyde |
| US2587468A (en) * | 1948-03-27 | 1952-02-26 | Monsanto Chemicals | Ethylene oxide process |
| US3948997A (en) * | 1968-05-06 | 1976-04-06 | Laporte Industries Limited | Vapour phase oxidation process |
| GB1272592A (en) * | 1968-05-06 | 1972-05-03 | Laporte Chemical | Vapour phase oxidation of hydroxy compounds |
| DE1793439A1 (de) * | 1968-09-18 | 1972-02-24 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aldehyden und/oder Alkoholen nach der Oxosynthese |
| BE758502A (fr) * | 1969-11-06 | 1971-05-05 | Basf Ag | Preparation d'alcools et d'aldehydes |
| DE2116947C3 (de) * | 1971-04-07 | 1974-12-19 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formaldehyd |
| BE788250A (en) * | 1972-05-15 | 1973-02-28 | Dow Corning | Silicone antifoam - consisting of polyoxypropylene (co)polymer, or siloxane-glycol copolymer, polymethylsiloxane, silica and siloxane |
| DE2548908C3 (de) * | 1975-10-31 | 1978-04-27 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formaldehyd |
| US4198351A (en) * | 1977-04-15 | 1980-04-15 | Celanese Corporation | Formaldehyde production process |
| US4167527A (en) * | 1978-01-23 | 1979-09-11 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Methanol oxidation/dehydrogenation over silver-gold alloy |
| US4219509A (en) * | 1978-01-23 | 1980-08-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Methanol oxidation/dehydrogenation over silver-gold alloy |
| JPS5838227A (ja) * | 1981-09-01 | 1983-03-05 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | アルデヒドの製造法 |
| US4383123A (en) * | 1981-10-08 | 1983-05-10 | Monsanto Company | Manufacture of aqueous formaldehyde |
-
1982
- 1982-09-29 US US06/427,418 patent/US4439625A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1983
- 1983-09-26 BR BR8305241A patent/BR8305241A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-09-27 CA CA000437647A patent/CA1211466A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-09-27 ES ES525980A patent/ES525980A0/es active Granted
- 1983-09-28 FI FI833495A patent/FI78900C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-09-28 NO NO833499A patent/NO156825C/no unknown
- 1983-09-29 JP JP58179488A patent/JPS5982330A/ja active Granted
- 1983-09-29 DE DE8383109763T patent/DE3375477D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-09-29 AT AT83109763T patent/ATE32213T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-09-29 EP EP83109763A patent/EP0104666B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE32213T1 (de) | 1988-02-15 |
| JPH0553778B2 (enExample) | 1993-08-10 |
| JPS5982330A (ja) | 1984-05-12 |
| BR8305241A (pt) | 1984-05-02 |
| EP0104666B2 (en) | 1992-05-06 |
| FI833495A0 (fi) | 1983-09-28 |
| NO156825B (no) | 1987-08-24 |
| NO833499L (no) | 1984-03-30 |
| DE3375477D1 (en) | 1988-03-03 |
| EP0104666A3 (en) | 1985-10-23 |
| EP0104666A2 (en) | 1984-04-04 |
| ES8507451A1 (es) | 1985-09-16 |
| US4439625A (en) | 1984-03-27 |
| EP0104666B1 (en) | 1988-01-27 |
| ES525980A0 (es) | 1985-09-16 |
| NO156825C (no) | 1987-12-02 |
| FI833495L (fi) | 1984-03-30 |
| FI78900B (fi) | 1989-06-30 |
| CA1211466A (en) | 1986-09-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM | Patent lapsed | ||
| MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: E.I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY |