FI71522C - Process for producing a laminated bituminous multilayer roof membrane. - Google Patents

Description

ADVERTISEMENT π ^ ΟΟ rSfet ^ ”UTLÄGG NIN GSSKRI FT f \ ΟΔΔ C (45) Patent granted Τ '·' '* r- = 1 1-14 τα el I' 'O« 7 --fir / Α.νν, ν ^ · ^ Ι | · ν Ί'ι .: V · Lla U JJ ui XV (ν (51) Kv.lk. * / Lnt.Cl.4 Β 32 Β 11 / 0Α, ED 5/10, D 06 N 5/00 FINLAND —FINLAND (21) Patent application - Patentansökning i * 6i * / 73 (22) Filing date - Ansökningsdag 16.02.7 3 (Fl) (23) Starting date - Giltighetsdag 1 6.02.73 (41) Published public - Blivit offentlig 20.08 .73

National Board of Patents and Registration Date of publication and publication publication—

Patent and registration authorities Ansökan utlagd och utl.skriften publicerad 10.10.86 (86) Kv. application - Int. ansökan (32) (33) (31) Privilege claimed — Begärd priority 19-02.72 Japan-Japan (JP) 16306/72 (71) Tajima Roofing Co., Ltd., no. 1 -3 ”1» Odai, Adachi-ku, Tokyo,

Japan i-Japan (JP) (72) Eiichi Tajima, Tokyo, Kaname Yamamoto, Tokyo, Takayoshi Imai, Saitama-ken, Japan i-Japan (JP) (7 * 0 Berggren Oy Ab (5 ^) Method for multilayer layered bituminous roofing -Förfarande för framstäl1 Ning av ett laminerat bituminöst flerskiktstak- memb ran

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a multilayer layered bituminous cover film comprising a substrate and at least one bituminous coating layer on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate.

GB Patent 1,230,755 discloses a multilayer material in which a plurality of reinforcing agents are deposited, but in which the waterproof pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprises most of the thickness of the material. The thicker the adhesive layer, the better water resistance is achieved according to the publication. However, improving the water resistance by adding an adhesive layer causes some disadvantages. First, this layer is relatively easy to flow even at room temperature, so that when it is subjected to some compression, it thins locally and the water resistance deteriorates substantially. In addition, the thick adhesive layer naturally makes it difficult to handle the material when it is fitted.

For example, SE-A-321 555 discloses a cover film comprising a bituminous material 2 71522 sandwiched between two metal films and surrounded by a layer of fabric or fiber. The metal films are grooved in a transverse direction to facilitate winding, and there is an additional layer of bitumen on top of the lower metal layer. Not only does the use of two metal layers naturally increase the cost of the roofing film as well as complicate manufacturing, the adhesive bitumen layer makes the film difficult to handle prior to installation.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method of making a multilayer roofing film which can be used in a composite system for covering or sealing against water the roofs, floors and foundations of buildings and the walls of underpasses and underground passages, tunnels, warehouses, canals and the like.

The terms "bitumen" and "bitumen" used throughout this specification may be replaced by the term "asphalt", which essentially means rock oil asphalt.

A common type of bituminous roofing felt and film, generally comprising a backing sheet consisting of a sheet-like material such as paper, felt, fabric, synthetic polymer film or metal film; a bitumen layer coated on one or both sides of the base plate; and mineral granules or powder such as fine sand, gravel or talc applied to the surface of the bitumen layer.

A common type of bituminous roofing film is usually prepared as follows.

First, a substrate such as paper, felt, woven or nonwoven fabric, glass wool, synthetic polymer film, or metal film is coated with molten bitumen on one or both sides to form a suitably thick bituminous surface layer. If a fibrous sheet such as paper, felt, woven or nonwoven fabric or glass wool is used as the backing sheet, the fibrous sheet may be impregnated with molten bitumen 3 71522 before coating so that the voids in the fibrous sheet are filled with bitumen. If a synthetic polymer film or metal film is used, the substrate may be surface treated prior to coating to improve its affinity for bitumen.

Second, to reduce the adhesion of the bitumen, mineral granules or powder such as fine gravel or sand or talc are placed on the bitumen-coated surface. Alternatively, a thin film of synthetic polymer or metal is adhered to the surface of the bituminous cover layer. The use of a thin film as a coating depends on the intended use.

Finally, the sheet thus treated is cooled to ambient temperature, for example by contacting it with a rotating cooling drum to solidify the bitumen. The resulting final product is stored and processed in the form of rolls or pillars.

The mineral granules or powder or thin film coating used in the method described above is necessary to prevent the bituminous surface layers from adhering to each other during storage and handling in the form of rolls or columns. In some cases, this is also useful for protecting the open bituminous surface layer after the bituminous roofing film has been applied at the construction site.

The manufacturing method according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (a) a bituminous covering film of the base plate at least one side of the coating, in whole or in part, by the molten bitumen, (b), which has been treated to improve its stretchability, and a film roll in order to facilitate the winding, a removable coating the surface of the molten bitumen a mixture of a release sheet , which has improved adhesion and contains both bitumen and rubber and / or resin, and then 4 71 522 (c) joining the surface of the bituminous mixture layer of the release plate to the bitumen coated surface of said base plate on all or part of the surface.

In the above-mentioned step (a), if the substrate consists of a fibrous material, if desired, the substrate may be impregnated with molten bitumen before the substrate is coated with molten bitumen as described above. If the substrate sheet is formed of a synthetic polymer film or a metal film, the substrate sheet may be surface treated prior to coating as described above.

According to an embodiment of the method, a part of the surface of the molten bitumen coated substrate is deposited with mineral granules or powder after said step (a), and said step (c) is performed by joining the surface of the release layer bitumen layer only with said uncoated surface of molten bitumen coated substrate.

Some waterproof films, apparently similar to those of the present invention, have been proposed in the past. For example, a waterproof film comprises a sheet of synthetic rubber such as butyl rubber (IIR) having a pressure sensitive adhesive thin layer coated on one side and a release layer adhered to the adhesive layer. Another example comprises a film of a synthetic polymer such as polyethylene having only one coating layer of bitumen doped with rubber or the like on one side and a release layer adhered to the coating layer.

However, there is a big difference between these known films and the film made according to the present invention not only in the structure and manufacturing method of the product, but also in the basic idea of forming a waterproof layer. These known films and methods of use are intended for a so-called "single-layer waterproofing system". This means that the cover or waterproofing layer consisting of parts is formed of a single layer of 5 51522, except for the area where the films are connected to each other.

In addition, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or bituminous mixture layer of these films functions only to bond the film to the substrate or another film in the area of overlap, and the water-stopping action of the cover or waterproofing layers assembled depends solely on the rubber sheet or synthetic polymer film itself.

The waterproofing film made according to the present invention does not lose its water-retaining function even if it is subjected to external forces, because the film has an ordinary bitumen layer (s) on the substrate as the main material forming a water-retaining substance in the same way as conventional types of parts. in assembled bituminous roofing or waterproofing layers. In the multilayer layered bituminous roofing film of the present invention, the bituminous mixture layer is used only to bond the films of the invention together, and thus can be limited to just as thin a film as is required for the purpose. This advantage, which is due to the thickness of the bituminous mixture layer, because the bituminous mixture is relatively expensive, provides a certain economic benefit of the invention.

The layered bituminous roofing films produced by the method of the invention provide a composite roofing or waterproofing layer having exactly the same good performance and reliability as a conventional bituminous roofing or waterproofing layer comprising a plurality of alternately stacked bitumen layers and its stiffening films. This excellent performance and adequate reliability are valid even when no molten or liquefied bitumen is used on site.

drawings.

The invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show preferred embodiments, but the invention is not intended to be limited to these 6,71522

Figures 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D show the structures of bituminous layered roofing films made in accordance with the invention; Figures 2A and 2B show release plates used in a layered bituminous roofing film made in accordance with the invention; Figures 3A and 3B show preferred layered bituminous roofing films; Figures 4A, 4B and 4C show various modified forms of bituminous roofing films deposited by the method according to the invention; Fig. 5 shows a manufacturing method according to the invention, and; Figures 6A and 6B, 7A and 7B, 8 and 9 illustrate methods of using a cover film made in accordance with the invention.

The backing sheet used as the backing material in the production of the multilayer layered bituminous roofing film of the present invention can be selected from those recently introduced in conventional bituminous roofing films such as glass wool or nonwoven fabric or synthetic fiber, as well as those widely used heretofore. for the same purpose, such as paper, felt, fabric or fabric made of organic or inorganic fibers, for example, rag blanket, asbestos felt, cotton fabric or jute fabric. If these fibrous sheets are used as a substrate, they are generally impregnated with molten bitumen, whereby the voids in it are filled with molten bitumen before the substrate is coated with molten bitumen in the process according to the invention as in the case of ordinary bituminous roofing film. The substrate can also be selected from film sheets made of a synthetic polymer or metal such as a polyester film or an aluminum or copper well, all of which have heretofore been used as the base material for a conventional bituminous roofing film. When such film sheets are used, the pre-impregnation treatment described above is not required, but if necessary, these sheets can be suitably physically or chemically treated, such as by sandblasting, etching or the like, to give their surfaces a good affinity for bitumen before coating. with molten bitumen in the process of this invention.

As shown in Figs. 1Λ, 13, 1C and ID, the base plate 6 of the layered cover film 26 is completely or partially coated on both sides with bitumen 8, and all or part of said bituminous coating layer is layered with a bituminous mixture 20 of denatured bitumen made especially to provide high adhesion at ambient temperature by melting natural or synthetic rubber and / or synthetic resin.

These fusible materials can be selected from any of the well-known materials intended to denature and improve ordinary bitumen (in terms of its physical properties, especially its sensitivity to temperature). Namely, as for rubber, they include, for example, vulcanized or unvulcanized rubber, which are various types of synthetic rubbers such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (MBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), butadiene rubber (BR), isoprene rubber (EPR), butyl rubber (HR), ethylene-propylene diene mar (EPDM), polyisobutylene (PI3), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), etc .; and natural rubber (NR), and rubber regenerated therefrom. Mainly, like natural and synthetic gums, they contain, for example, resin or its derivatives (e.g. resin ester), tall oil, bumarone-indene resin, various rock oil resins, polyolefin (e.g. polybutene), etc.

When using the present invention, it has been found that only a very small amount of rubber and / or resin is required to be present in the bituminous mixture layer in order to achieve at least a small amount of advantages. However, a relatively high degree of adhesion is generally desired for most purposes. Therefore, in general, at least about 5% by weight of the bituminous mixture, rubber and / or resin should be present in the bituminous mixture layer. Since there appears to be no critical limit on the amount of rubber and / or resin that can be effectively used to improve adhesion, up to about 95% by weight of rubber and / or resin would generally be preferred for ease of and cost-effective production of the laminated coating film. In order to obtain the optimum result, it is preferred that the total amount of rubber and / or resin present in the bituminous mixture layer is in the range of 15-50% by weight.

Furthermore, if desired, these gums or resins may be composed in part of animal or vegetable fats and oils, as generally these oils and fats are quite effective in increasing the adhesion of bitumen. These oils and fats include, for example, animal oils such as fish oil, whale oil, bovine tallow and the like, and vegetable oils and fats such as linseed oil, Chinese tree oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, casting oil and the like. These oils and fats may be, for example, stand oil, oxidized oil and boiled oil made therefrom; fatty sour resin or the like. The amount of these oils and fats is preferably below about 50% by weight, based on the total amount of rubber and / or resin and oils and fats.

Some additives, for example, a plasticizer such as linseed oil, fillers such as mica powder, and the like may also be included in the bituminous mixture.

The release layers 14 and 15 applied to the surfaces of the bituminous mixture have little or no affinity for the bituminous mixture and can be easily removed from the bituminous mixture layer by peeling them by hand at normal ambient temperature. In practice, release sheets are, for example, sheet materials in the form of an untreated sheet such as cellophane, polyvinyl alcohol film and aluminum foil, or in the form of a treated film such as film, paper and the like which has been surface treated, e.g. coated or impregnated with synthetic resins resin or pclyvinyl dene chloride. In particular, a sheet coated or impregnated with a silicone resin surface has been preferred in use because of its releasability and cost.

In the case that the release plates have poor elongation properties, if these release plates; 9 71522 bituminous roofing layers have been laid on both sides of the bituminous mixture, the resulting layered roofing film has lost its elasticity and becomes practically rigid like a table. As a result, it becomes very difficult to wrap into a product which is in the form of a roll, as a conventional type of bituminous roofing film or felt is usually wrapped.

If the product is placed heavily on a roll, it will corrugate deeply at several points for irregular creases, folds and / or cracks. In addition, although such a release sheet is applied to the bituminous mixture layer only on one side of the laminated cover film, wrinkling on irregular creases cannot be avoided, although the creases are relatively small.

To eliminate this problem, it is advantageous to increase the extensibility of the release plate in the longitudinal direction, i.e. in the wrapping direction. Thus, for this purpose, it is advantageous to form a plurality of linear folds or wrinkles on the release plate itself along a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and in practice it is recommended to use, for example, a forced release layer forced into a corrugated shape as shown in Figure 2A at 39. , or a release sheet made of a crepe paper base sheet as shown in Fig. 2B at 40. In this case, after sufficient release longitudinal extensibility of the release layer by such a method, the release sheet-coated cover film is able to retain sufficient elasticity to expand and shrink through away, and thus the above-mentioned problem can be completely prevented.

Further, if the release layer is used in such a way that several narrow strips of it are placed on top of the bituminous mixture layer in straight rows in the longitudinal direction, as shown in Fig. 3A at 1¾, or simple or multiple rows of perforations 30 or notches 31 are formed in the plate. in order to allow the partial removal of the release plate from the surface of the bituminous mixture layer on the construction site, if necessary, the operation has been suitably facilitated.

The layered bituminous roofing film of the invention can be modified to a number of modifications, as shown in Figures 4A, 4B and 4C, to suit various applications and systems of use, in addition to what has been described above in connection with Figure 1. In Fig. 4, reference numerals 6, 8, 20 and 14 denote a base plate, a conventional bituminous coating layer, a bituminous alloy layer, and a release layer similar to those in Fig. 1, respectively. Reference numerals 32, 33 and 34 denote fine sand or talc, synthetic polymer film or metal foil, and coarse sand or fine gravel.

The method for producing the layered cover film according to the invention will now be described in detail with reference to Fig. 5, which shows only a typical example of the production method according to the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 5, a fibrous backing sheet 1 used as a core for ordinary bituminous roofing felt or films, such as paper, felt, woven fabric, nonwoven fabric or carpet, is wrapped from a roll, and then embedded in molten normal or oxidized bitumen 2 held at a temperature of about 200 ° C in the bath 3. After the base plate 1 has been impregnated with molten bitumen 2 as it passes several guide rollers 4, the excess bitumen is squeezed out by means of a pair of squeezing rollers 5. If the synthetic polymer film is used as a substrate instead of the above-mentioned fibrous substrate, the step of impregnation with bitumen is omitted.

The impregnated fibrous sheet or film sheet 6 passes through a pair of coating rollers 7, the rollers of which are arranged parallel to each other and leave a space greater than the thickness of the sheet 6, for example about 2-3 mm, according to the desired coating bitumen thickness. Thus, each side of the plate 6 is coated with molten bitumen maintained at about 220 ° C, which bitumen is continuously fed to the coating rollers 7. The storage 9, pump 10, line 11, overflow gutter 12 and basin 13 form a series of conventional accessories for providing molten bitumen 8 for continuous feed coating rollers 7 ·

On the other hand, both the release plate l1! and 15, such as paper or film sheets previously treated with a surface coated or impregnated with silicone resin or the like are wrapped off the rolls. These release plates 14 and 15 are fed separately to respective independent roll coating devices comprising a basin 16 or 17 and rolls 18 or 19 to drive the molten bitumen mixture 20.

The molten bituminous mixture 20 contains the desired amount, for example about 20% by weight of rubber and / or resin, and is maintained at about 200 ° C. Thus, the release layers 14 and 15 are coated on their release side with a bituminous mixture to form coating layers of the desired thickness, for example about 0.3-0.5 mm. These roll coating devices can be replaced by any other coating devices known to be suitable for coating materials with high viscosity, such as multiple roll type or scraper blade type. In order to introduce the molten bitumen mixture to the coating devices, additional devices (not shown in the figure) are provided, which are similar to the additional devices 9, 10 and 11 described earlier.

11 71522

The substrate layer 21 formed by coating the substrate plate 6 with bitumen δ, as mentioned above, is deposited on its surfaces by two plates 22 and 23 associated with release plates 14 and 15, each of which is coated with a bituminous mixture. This deposition is carried out in such a way that the bituminous coating layer on both sides of the substrate layer 21 and the bituminous mixture coating layer on the plates 22 and 23 face each other, respectively, in close contact, and then, the substrate layer 21 and the two plates 22 and 23 and through 25, where they join together due to their thickness.

Thus, the bitumen 8 coated substrate 1 and the bitumen mixture coated release plates 14 and 15 are easily and securely layered together without affecting their uniformity, however, they are in a molten or liquid state at high temperature due to the sufficient effect of "carriers", i.e. substrate 1 and release plates. 14 and 15 due to the effect.

The resulting layered cover film 26, which has layered layers of both bitumen and a bituminous mixture on its surface, then in turn passes through a plurality of cooling drums 27 in close contact with them, whereupon it gradually cools and solidifies. Finally, the layered cover film is wrapped in the form of a roll.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, known collecting means such as hooks, hangers or floating hooks can advantageously be used in certain places, for example between the base plate 1 and the impregnating device comprising the bath 2, the molten bitumen 3 therein and the guide rollers 4; between the press rolls 5 and the coating rolls 7; and between the last cooling drum 27 and the product roll, although these collector means are not shown in Figure 5. The use of these collector means is advantageous to facilitate the work of the method and to accelerate the cooling during the manufacturing time.

In a modified embodiment of the manufacturing method of the invention, the layered cover film in which only one half of the bitumen-coated substrate 6 is coated with the bituminous mixture layer, as shown in Fig. 4a, is manufactured as follows. The mineral granules or powder 28 are placed on either side of the molten bitumen-coated base layer 21 by a known device shown at 5 in Figure 5. In this method, the addition of one release plate, shown at 14 in Figure 5, is avoided. Alternatively, a thin coating sheet of synthetic polymer film or metal film may be sealed to either side of the molten bitumen-coated substrate layer 21 71522 12 instead of the above-mentioned mineral granules or powder, although this embodiment is not shown in Figure 5 ·

deposited in the second modified embodiment of the roofing membrane manufacturing process according to the invention, which is coated with a bituminous mixture layer only in that part which extends to one or both of the bitumen-coated side of the substrate sheet in the longitudinal direction, as shown in Figures 4b and 4c may be prepared in the following manner. A release layer coated with a molten bituminous mixture having a narrower extent than a bitumen-coated substrate is deposited with respect to the bitumen-coated substrate, and granules or powder are deposited or a thin plate is tightly adhered to the remaining portion of the bitumen-coated substrate.

In the manufacturing method according to the invention, the release plates 14 and 1p can advantageously be corrugated or forced before the bituminous mixture is applied to it, thereby forming linear corrugations or wrinkles in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Thus, the flexibility of the resulting layered cover film has been suitably increased to prevent the formation of unwanted irregular wrinkles, creases and / or cracks when wrapping the cover in or out of the roll, as mentioned above.

The layered roofing films made according to the method of the invention have a layer structure (or layered structure) in which both the bituminous coating layer 8 and the coating layer 20 of bitumen mixture are bonded to each other and have equal thickness, as shown in section in Figs. 1C, ID, 4a, 4b and 4C.

The characteristic features of the method according to the invention are explained in comparison with ordinary bituminous roofing felt or film.

In the conventional method of manufacturing a bituminous roofing film or film, as described above, if the deposition of granules or powder or the adhesion of a thin film coating is omitted, the above-mentioned ice detection means such as contact with rotating drums cannot be used at high temperature due to very high tack. Therefore, in this case, alternative cooling steps are required, in which the bitumen layer is left to cool in the ambient air by itself, or cold air is blown on top of the bitumen layer. These steps are obviously disadvantageous because of the very large area and long time required, which inevitably leads to a decrease in efficiency and an increase in production costs.

On the other hand, it is impossible to produce a (multilayer) layered molten bitumen cover film of the present invention by a method in which a hot bituminous mixture is applied as a melt to a uniform thickness of a hot bitumen layer on a substrate. due to the base plate. It is also impossible to directly apply the hot bitumen mixture by spraying equipment due to the high viscosity of the molten bitumen mixture.

Conversely, if the hot bitumen layer on the substrate is covered with granules, powder, film, and then cooled, it is possible to directly apply the hot bitumen mixture in a molten state to the cooled surface. However, this method is not always free from the disadvantage that the presence of said granules, powder, or film makes it possible to prevent close contact between the two bituminous layers or that an additional amount of bituminous mixture is necessarily required.

Therefore, this method results in undesirable effects such as a decrease in waterproofing capacity and an increase in production costs.

If the hot bitumen layer applied to the substrate is cooled to a solid without first using granules, powder or film on it, it is possible to cover the cooled surface directly with the molten bitumen mixture by known means. However, this method cannot be used in practice because the cooling of the hot bitumen layer itself is associated with the problems described above.

Particularly characteristic of the manufacturing method according to the invention is that all the above-mentioned problems are solved by completely separate and uniform coating with molten bitumen and molten bituminous mixture, substrate and release plate, respectively, and then depositing the bitumen layer on the substrate and contacting That is, the bitumen mixture is not directly applied to the hot bitumen layer on the substrate, but first coated to a uniform thickness with a release plate, and then deposited with the bitumen layer on the substrate.

It is very important that the molten bituminous mixture can be advantageously applied to the release plate by known coating methods, even if the release plate itself has little or no affinity for the bituminous mixture. This is because the bituminous mixture has a relatively much increased adhesion in the molten state at a high temperature, which is sufficient to cause it to adhere to the release layer. Furthermore, as soon as the laminate of the bituminous mixture layer and the release layer has cooled to ambient temperature, the release layer can be easily removed from the bituminous mixture layer because the release plate has lost its 14,71522 α--2-rity to the bitumen. The affinity properties of the release and bitumen as well as their ability to co-exist have preferably been exploited in the manufacturing process of the invention.

Overall, the manufacturing method is very relevant in that deposition on different types of bitumen in molten form can be performed easily and economically. Such deposition could be expected to be very difficult to perform using the methods described so far known above.

The essence of the method of use according to the invention is to form an integrated and continuous waterproof layer at ordinary ambient temperature by utilizing the common cohesion properties of the bituminous alloy layers of the deposited bituminous roofing stones.

The use of a cover film made according to the invention is described below with reference to Figs. 6A, 6B, 7A, 7B, 8 and 9.

As shown in Figs. 6a, 6b, 7A and 73, the layered cover film 26 is placed on a substrate 33 in which a bituminous primer has been applied in advance and dried. Fig. 6A shows one operating system for a two-layer stacking model, and Fig. OB shows the same operating system for a three-layer stacking model. This system can likewise be used for a stacking model ending in four, five or more layers.

Fig. 7A shows a second operating system for a two-layer stacking model, and Fig. 7B shows the same operating system for a three-layer stacking model. This system can likewise be used for a stacking model ending in four, five or more layers.

In the cases shown in both Figures 6 and 7, the opposite surfaces of the layered roofing films are in principle formed in such a way that these surfaces can be coated with a bituminous mixture. Thus, during use, when moving release plates placed on top of the bituminous mixture from these surfaces, the surfaces are brought into direct contact with each other. However, the surface of the laminated roofing films intended to be in contact with the substrate need not be a layer coated with a bituminous mixture. In particular, in the case where it is desired to avoid surface adhesion between the final coating or waterproofing layer and the substrate, depending on the conditions, the surface of the coating films intended to contact the substrate may be, for example, a bitumen layer of mineral granules or powder. In this case, a suitable adhesive such as bituminous cement can be used by placing it locally on the substrate to provide a partial adhesive effect, if desired. If a layered cover film with layers of bituminous mixture on both sides is used, the ρ’αθ * -1Γ> cover film can be applied to the substrate without moving all or part of the release plate in the part that comes into contact with the substrate to obtain the same effect as above.

These layered cover films, which are thus placed and wrapped on the substrate by the above-mentioned method, if external conditions such as temperature, time and the load applied to the cover films are filled, are completely adhered and bonded together by a layer of bituminous mixture. in an area of overlap, without the need for additional steps to be included due to their inherent high adhesion to form a continuous and integrated waterproof layer of multiple layers on the substrate.

Figures 3 and 9 show modifications of the operating systems shown in Figures 6 and 7, respectively. The purpose of each modification is to increase the watertightness of the plant area 36 by partially superimposing a portion of the water-tight membranes. In these variations, the two opposing surfaces of the deposited roofing films, which are located only on overlapping portions in the plant area 36, need not be coated with a bitumen mixture, but either surface of the deposited roofing films may be a bitumen coated layer coated with or coated with granules and powder. Incidentally, in this case, it is more practical and preferred that said second surface is the upper side of the underlying laminated cover film. If either surface does not contain a layer of bituminous mixture in the overlapping region 36 and the overlapping region 37 in the longitudinally deposited cover films, it is preferable to increase the adhesion of such areas by heating this surface locally with flame or hot air to melt the bitumen or coating this layer locally with bitumen. requiring a final treatment of the cover or water-seal layer in its marginal portion or portions surrounding holes, corners or the like, it is preferable to increase the adhesion of such portions by the same treatment means as mentioned above. However, the use of such measures to increase adhesion is highly localized where necessary, and other than such parts, in the use of the method of the invention, almost all surfaces of the films, as described, are completely adhered to each other without special treatment.

16 71522

In addition, if a layered cover film coated with mineral granules or adhered to a thin sheet is used as this outer surface, the finished layer does not need to be covered and protected with another material, thus economically forming a weatherproof or waterproof layer of light weight.

The essence of this method of use is that the integrated waterproof layer is formed by the mere mutual cohesion of the bituminous mixture applied to the surface layer of the layered roofing films, as described above. Thus, a process technique in which molten or liquefied bitumen is used on site is not required in the method of use according to the invention, while said method technique is necessary in a conventional method of use. Therefore, the operating method according to the invention can completely eliminate various problems of conventional operating methods, for example various disadvantages associated with the step of melting bitumen by heating in a hot process, or technical and economic bottlenecks in a cold process, both described above, and can greatly facilitate and speed up the actual work involved in the method of use.

In both conventional methods of operation, i.e. the hot method and the cold method, the bitumen layer, which is the main part of the watertight layer, is usually handcrafted on site and therefore its thickness and uniformity control depends mainly on the skill and vision of the worker. results in the finished layer.

On the other hand, the method of use according to the invention does not have the above-mentioned danger. This is because in the present invention both the bitumen layer and the bituminous mixture layer are mechanically formed to a predetermined constant thickness and tightly layered together in a well-supervised factory before use on site, then further secured on site without adhesive layer to form an integrated bitumen layer after. Therefore, it has been ensured that this method does not lead to irregularities or deficiencies in thickness or gaps in the coated or cast bitumen layer, which is inevitable if the layer is handmade in the case of a conventional method of use. In addition, this method of use does not present any risk of deterioration in the properties of the bitumen, which often results from overheating during the bitumen smelting on site and therefore has the advantage of forming a waterproof layer in a state where the best material properties are always present.

17 71 522

Looking at this method of use from an economic point of view, it is found that it is more expensive than the conventional method of use because it requires new additional elements, i.e. a layer of bituminous mixture and a release plate for the cover film used in this method. However, this proposed method of use can more than compensate for the increase in the cost of such a disadvantage, as it results in large savings in work compared to conventional methods, the reduction being due to the very different methods of use of the two methods described above.

In particular, as a measure to keep up with the trend of recent years to reduce work, this method of use is very suitable and inexpensive. Therefore, in other words, it can be said that the main object of the present invention is to form a prefabricated waterproof layer to assist in this work reduction trend.

Example 1

The layered bituminous roofing film was prepared as follows.

. 2

A nonwoven fabric weighing 200 g / m 2 was made by a dry forming method from acetalized polyvinyl alcohol fiber having a main length of 40 mm and a thickness of 2 denier.

Using the apparatus shown in Fig. 5, a 1 meter wide nonwoven fabric collected from a roll 1 passed through an impregnation bath 2 containing molten blown bitumen 100/45 heated to 200 ° C, the softening point of the bitumen (ring and ball method) was 100 ° C and a degree of penetration of 45 at 25 ° C, and then pressed with rollers 5 · The bitumen-impregnated fabric was coated with two coating rollers 7 with the same blown bitumen as above on both sides to a thickness of about 1 mm.

The release layer was prepared as follows. The crepe paper 2 weighing 90 g / m was deposited on its second Duo, a polyethylene-thylene film having a thickness of 0.015 mm, and then coated with a dilute solution of silicone resin on said polyethylene-laminated side and finally dried.

The two release plates were coated separately on coating rollers 18 and 19 with a molten bitumen mixture at 180 ° C consisting of 80 parts blown bitumen 80/45 (softening point 80, penetration 45), 12 parts SBR and 8 parts oil resin, all by weight , about 0.4 mm thick. The bitumen-coated release plate was then tightly adhered to both sides of the bitumen-coated fabric by rollers 24 and 25. · The attached film was cooled by a set of drums 27 and wrapped in rolls.

71522 18 Example 2

The cover film was prepared as follows. Using an apparatus similar to that shown in Fig. 5, 1 m wide glass wool weighing 10 g / n was impregnated with molten blown bitumen 110/30 heated to 210 ° C, then deposited on a polyester film 1 m wide and 0.1 mm thick. , fed to the front of the press rolls 5, in which the two sheets were fixed to each other with said molten bitumen, and further coated with coating rolls 7 with the same molten bitumen to one side to a thickness of 0.8 mm and the other side to a thickness of 1.0 mm, and then deposited by feeding 27 10-20 mesh with slate 28 on the side with a 0.8 mm bituminous coating layer.

On the other hand, the same release layer as in Example 1 was coated with a bitumen mixture consisting of 75 parts of said blown bitumen, 12 parts of IIR, 8 parts of resin ester and 5 parts of stand oil made mainly of flaxseed oil, all by weight, at about 190 ° C using roll coats 17 and 19 the release plate was tightly attached to a 1.0 mm bituminous coating surface, and the resulting attached film was cooled and rolled in rolls in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 3

The double-sided self-adhesive type bituminous roofing films prepared in Example 1 were unrolled and placed on a reinforced concrete roof in such a way that each film went on top of the other film, as shown in Figure 7A. The roof was coated with a bitumen drain at a rate of 0.3 l / m the day before and dried. The cover films partially overlapped with each other by about 15 cm or more in the longitudinal joints of the films. Each release plate was removed from the films during the installation phase except for its exposed surface.

The unilaterally self-adhesive type layered bituminous cover films prepared in Example 2 were then coated in a partially overlapping manner with the crushed slate layered on the upper surface facing upwards and in the joints overlapping areas of about 10 cm in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Each of the film release plates and the remaining release plates on the exposed surface of said double-sided type films previously placed in place were removed from these films during the installation step.

71522 19 The overlapping surface coated with crushed slate was heated with a gas burner flame and compressed, whereby the surface coated with crushed slate adhered to the overlying layer of bituminous mixture. In this heating step, it was found to be advantageous for a good result, in addition to the overlapping parts, to moisten the surface coated with crushed slate with water before heating.

After these steps were completed, the adhesion of the surfaces of the bituminous mixture layers to each other was checked in three different situations. The entire surface of the bituminous alloy layers with the surfaces facing each other was completely bonded to each other immediately at 25 ° C and 2 *] hours at 0 ° C unloaded, and within one hour at 0 ° C with 2 loads at 0.01 k £ / cm. Thus, a continuous bituminous roof layer assembled from the parts with an average thickness of 10.5 mm, essentially consisting of three layers of films, was achieved.

While some embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to or limited by these.

Claims (4)

20 7 1 5 2 2 Patent, claims A method of manufacturing a multilayer layered adhesive cover film comprising a substrate (6) and at least one bituminous coating layer (8) on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: (a) ) coating at least one side wholly or partly molten bitumen (8), (b) i.rrotuslevyn (14, 15), which has been treated to improve its stretchability, and a film roll in order to facilitate the winding, through a releasable nnan by coating it with molten asphalt mixture (20); having improved adhesion and containing both bitumen and rubber and / or resin, and then (c) joining the surface of the release layer (14, 15) of bitumen. the alloy layer (20) to a surface coated with bitumen (8) of said base plate (6) either on the entire surface or for its part. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a part of the surface of the substrate (6) coated with molten bitumen (8) is deposited with mineral granules or powder (28-32-34) after said step (a), and said step (c) is performed combining the surface of the bitumen alloy layer (20) of the release plate (14, 15) only with the non-layered surface of said substrate plate (6) coated with molten bitumen (8). Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that a synthetic polymer film (33) or is attached to the surface part of the base plate (6) coated with molten bitumen (8). a metal film after said step (a), and said step (c) is performed by joining the surface of the bitumen alloy layer (20) of the release plate (14, 15) only to the non-attached surface of said base plate (6) coated with molten bitumen (8). Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the substrate (6) formed of fibers is impregnated with molten bitumen (8) before said step (a).