DK151908B - PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF A LAMINATED BITUMINOES ROOFING MEMBRANE CONTAINING A HIGH-COMPLETE BITUMEN MIXING LAYER - Google Patents

Description

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DK 151908B

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a method for producing a laminated bituminous roofing membrane consisting of a base layer which, at least on one of the sides, carries at least one layer of bitumen coating which is provided with at least one layer of bitumen mixture which has high adhesiveness and includes rubber and / or resin, which bitumen mixture on the entire outside is covered by a removable layer.

Various types of similar laminated roofing elements are known with at least one self-adhesive layer consisting of a bitumen mixture. However, the known methods of making such elements often present problems with the lamination of the layers and with a uniform and economical application of the relatively expensive bitumen mixture.

The invention provides a method by which an economical roofing membrane can be prepared with a thin, uniform layer of self-adhesive bitumen mixture.

The process according to the invention is characterized by the following working steps: (a) coating all or part of at least one surface of the molten bitumen base layer, (b) coating the surface of the removable layer with a molten bitumen mixture with increased adhesiveness, which besides bitumen includes rubber and / or resin, and then (c) joining the free surface of the bitumen blend layer on the removable layer with all or part of the bi-coated surface of the base layer.

On the detachable layer can be applied a rather thin uniform bitumen layer, which is merely sufficient to fulfill its self-adhesive function, while the durable waterproofing tank is satisfied by the pure bitumen layer between the base layer and the bitumen mixture layer. This results in significant cost savings. The lamination of the bitumen layer on the base layer and the layer of bitumen mixture on the removable layer takes place in a uniform and safe manner with the bitumen layers in liquid heated state supported on the respective support layers.

Furthermore, the roofing membrane produced by the method according to the invention is advantageous to known 10 similar membranes with base layers which are covered only with a bitumen mixture. If such membranes are affected! in a load, there will be a tendency for j flow to occur, thereby thinning the pressure loaded area. j

In the roofing membrane of the invention, where a pure bitumen layer is present, there is much less risk of such flow phenomena occurring and the layer becoming so thin that it cannot fulfill its moisture-sealing function.

One embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing part of claim 2.

In this method, where the hot bitumen layer on the base layer is covered with granulate or powder, it is possible to apply the hot bitumen mixture in the molten state to the base layer bitumen layer. Instead of mineral granulate or powder 25, according to the invention, a synthetic polymer film or metal foil can be used.

The invention is explained in more detail below as shown in the drawing, in which fig. 1A, 1B, 1C and ID are explanatory images showing the structure of the laminated bituminous roofing membranes of the invention,

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3 FIG. Figures 2A and 2B are explanatory pictures showing preferred removable layers used in the laminated bituminous roofing membrane of the invention; 3A and 3B are explanatory pictures showing preferred 5 laminated bituminous roofing membranes of the invention; Figures 4A, 4B and 4C are explanatory images showing various modified designs for the laminated bituminous roofing membranes of the invention; Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing the process of manufacturing the laminated roofing membrane of the invention; 6A and 6B, 7A and 7B, 8 and 9 show the application processes for applying the laminated roofing membrane according to the invention.

A base layer 6, which is used as the base material in preparing the multi-layered laminated bituminous roofing membrane 26, can be selected from those recently used for the ordinary bit = 20 minus roofing membranes, such as e.g. glass wool or a non-woven fabric of synthetic fibers, as well as selectable from those which have been widely used for the same purposes so far, such as paper, roofing paper, fabric or cloth consisting of organic or inorganic fibers, f. eg. cloth-25 roofing paper, asbestos roofing paper, woolen fabric or jute. When these fiber layers are used as the base layer, it is common practice to impregnate them with molten bitumen, whereby the voids present therein are filled with molten bitumen before the base layer is coated with molten bitumen in the process of the invention, just as in the case at the ordinary bituminous roofing membrane. The base layer may also be film DK or film made of synthetic polymer or metal, such as e.g. a polyester film or an aluminum or copper foil, all of which have also previously been used as a base material for the ordinary bituminous roofing membrane. When such film or foil is used, the pre-impregnating treatment mentioned above is not necessary, but where necessary, these layers must undergo appropriate physical or chemical treatment, such as e.g. a so-called sandblasting, etching and the like treatment, thereby giving their surfaces a good affinity for bitumen before being exposed to molten bitumen coating by the process of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 1A, 1B, 1C and ID, the base layer 6 of the laminated roofing membrane 26 is coated on all or part of 15 one or both sides with bitumen 8, and all or part of this bitumen coating layer is laminated with a bitumen mixture 20 which is denatured bitumen specially prepared to provide high adhesiveness at ambient temperature by the addition of natural or synthetic rubber and / or natural or synthetic resin.

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These bitumen blend materials may be selected from some of the well known ones adapted to denature and enhance ordinary bitumen (by its physical conditions, in particular temperature sensibility). That is, with respect to the rubber material, they include e.g. vulcanized or non-vulcanized rubber from various types of synthetic rubber, such as styrene-butadiene gurami (SBR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), chloro-roprene rubber (CR), butadiene rubber (BR), isoprene rubber (IR), butyl rubber (IIR), ethylene rubber (IIR) EPR), ethylene propylene 30 dimen (EPDM), polyisobutylene (PIB), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), etc. and natural rubber (NR) and rubber derived therefrom. Next, in the case of natural resins or synthetic resins, they include e.g. resin that has been treated! free of turpentine, e.g. ester rubber, tall oil, coumaron =

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5 resin, various petroleum resins, polyolefin, e.g. polybutene, etc ..

In practice, it has been found in the present invention that only a very small amount of rubber and / or resin amount needs to be present in the layer consisting of a bitumen blend, at least to achieve a small number of advantages. Generally, a relatively high degree of adhesiveness is desired. Therefore, preferably at least about 5% by weight of rubber and / or resin must be measured relative to the weight of the layer with the bi = 10 inch present in the layer consisting of the bitumen mixture.

While there seems to be no upper critical limit on the amount of rubber and / or resin that can be used to effectively improve the adhesive ability, in most cases about 95% by weight of rubber and / or resin can be preferably used because it facilitates the manufacturing process of the laminated roofing membrane and due to cost considerations. For optimum results, it is preferable that the total amount of rubber and / or resin present in the layer of the bitumen mixture be in the range of 15-50% by weight.

Furthermore, if desired, this gum or resin may be partially substituted with animal or vegetable oils and fats, because these oils and fats are generally significantly effective in increasing the adhesive capacity of the bitumen.

These oils and fats include e.g. animal oil and fat such as fish oil, whale oil, beef tallow and the like, and vegetable oils such as linseed oil, heavy oil, sesame oil, cotton seed oil, soybean oil, olive oil, castor oil and the like. These oils and fats can e.g. be standard oil, oxidized oil and boiled oils produced therefrom, and fatty acids, pitches or the like. The amount of these oils and fats is preferably below about 50% by weight based on the weight of the total amount of rubber and / or resin and oils and fats.

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6

Some additives, e.g. plasticizers such as mineral oil, fillers such as mica powder and the like may also be included in the mixed bitumen.

On the surface of the bitumen mixture 20, 5 removable layers 14 and 15 are provided which have little or no affinity to the bitumen mixture and can be easily and quickly removed from it by manually peeling them off at the generally ambient temperatures. In practice, the removable material includes e.g. sheet materials in the form of an untreated sheet, such as of cellophane, polyvinyl alcohol film and aluminum foil, or in the form of a treated sheet such as film, film, paper and the like, which is coated, i.e. coated or impregnated with synthetic resins that have good! in removable properties such as silicone resin, resin containing fluorine or polyvinyl chloride. In particular, a layer coated or impregnated with silicone resin on the surface is most preferred for use because of its removable ability and price.

In the case where the removable layers have little stretchability, the final product, when these removable layers are laid

over the bitumen mixture layer on both sides of the laminated I

bituminous roofing membrane, be avoided its flexibility and thus become practically as rigid as a board or piece of cardboard. Accordingly, it becomes extremely difficult to roll the product together into a roll, just as with the ordinary bituminous roofing board materials or membranes usually present. If the product is subjected to forced winding, deep grooves as well as irregular wrinkles, creases and / or fractures are formed.

In addition, even if such a layer is applied over the bitumen layer on only one side of the laminated roofing membrane, irregular fold jaw formation cannot be avoided, although the wrinkles or folds are somewhat weak. |

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7

In order to avoid these problems, it is preferable to increase the length of the removable layer in the longitudinal direction, ie. in the winding direction. Thus, it is advantageous for the purpose of forming a plurality of linear folds or grooves in the removable layer itself along the direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and in practice it is advisable to use e.g. a removable layer treated by embossing, whereby the layer is formed so that it has an uneven shape, as shown in FIG. 2A at 39, or a removable layer made of a base layer of crepe paper, as shown at 40 in FIG. 2B. In this case, as the detachable layer is provided with sufficient elongation in the longitudinal direction through the procedure so formed, the roofing membrane coated with the tear layer is able to exhibit sufficient flexibility to win its adaptation to the expansion and contraction it is subjected to. the roll-up or roll-out and thus can completely prevent the problem mentioned in the above.

When the removable layer or tear-off layer is applied in a manner such that a number of narrow strips thereof have been laid over the bitumen mixture layer so that they are adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction, as shown at 14 in FIG. 3A, or when a single or a plurality of rows of perforations 30 or embossings 31 are formed in the layer, as shown in FIG. 3B, by allowing partial removal of the tear-off layer from the surface of the bitumen blend layer at the construction site, as required, the laying-up work is suitably facilitated.

The laminated bituminous roofing membrane of the invention is provided in such various modifications as shown in FIG. 4A, 4B and 4C, for use for various purposes or application systems in addition to that set forth above with reference to FIG. 1. In FIG. 4, reference numerals' 6 * 8, 20 and 14 denote respectively a base layer, an ordinary bitumen layer, a layer consisting of a bitumen blend.

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8 ding and a tear-off layer. The layers are arranged in a similar manner to those of FIG. 1. Reference numbers 32, 33 and 34 denote fine sand or talc, a synthetic polymer film or metal foil and coarse sand or fine gravel respectively.

The process for producing the laminated roofing membrane of the invention will now be illustrated in detail with reference to Fig. 5, which shows only a typical example of the production process of the invention.

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As shown in FIG. 5 becomes a fibrous base layer 1 used | 10 as a core material and consists of ordinary bituminous roofing paper j or membranes such as paper, felt, woven fabric, non-woven fabric or mat material wound by a roll and then immersed in melted, light-running or oxidized bitumen. 200 ° C in a bath 3. After the base layer is impregnated with molten bitumen 2 while passing over several guide rollers 4, the excess bitumen is pressurized; seen using two pressing rollers 5. When a synthetic polymer film or metal foil is used as the base layer instead of the above fibrous base layer, the process of bitumen impregnation is omitted, j

The impregnated fibrous layer or film or foil 6 passes between a pair of coating rollers 7 which are arranged parallel to one another and with a clearance greater than the thickness of the layer 6, e.g. about 2-3 mm, adapted to the desired thickness of the bitumen coating layer. Thus, each side of layer 6 is covered with molten bitumen 8, which preferably consists mainly of oxidized bitumen maintained at about 220 ° C and continuously fed to coating rollers 7. A reservoir 9, a pump 10, a conduit 11, an overflow through 12 and a sump 13 constitute a series of conventional connected appliance parts adapted for continuous operation. for example, to supply the supply of molten bitumen 8 to the coating rollers 7.

9 GB Ί51908Β On the other hand, both the removable layers 14 and 15, such as paper or film layers, whose surface has been previously treated by coating or impregnating with silicone resin or the like, are wound by rolls. These tapered layers 14 and 15 are separately fed to independent roll coating units consisting of sump 16 or 17 and rollers 18 or 19 to apply molten bitumen mixture 20.

The molten bitumen mixture 20 contains a desired amount of rubber and / or resin, e.g. about 20% by weight, and maintained 10 at about 200 ° C. The removable layers 14 and 15 are thus coated on their removable surfaces with the bitumen mixture, thereby forming coated layers of suitable thickness, e.g. about 0.3-0.5 mm. These coating units can be replaced by other types of coating apparatus which are well known as suitable for applying high viscosity materials of a multi-roll type or having scraper blades. To supply the molten bitumen mixture 20 to the coating unit, supplementary apparatus (not shown in the drawing) is provided, similar to the apparatus 9, 10 and 11 described above.

The base layer 21 formed by coating the base layer 6 with bitumen 8, as discussed above, is coated on each free surface with layers 22 and 23 respectively, which constitute the removable layers 14 and 15, each coated with a 25 bitumen mixture. . This lamination is carried out in such a way that the coating layer of bitumen on both sides of the base layer 21 and the cover layer of bitumen mixture on the layers 22 and 23 are respectively facing each other, thereby being in close contact, and then the base layer 21 and the two layers pass through. 22 30 and 23 between pressure rollers 24 and 25, where they are joined by their adhesiveness.

Thus, the bitumen layer 8 applied to the base layer 1 and the bitumen mixture 20 placed on the removable layers

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10 14 and 15, lightly and securely laminated to each other, without thereby affecting the uniformity, despite the fact that they are in the molten or liquid state at high temperature. This is due to a sufficient effect 5 of the "carriers", i.e. the base layer 1 and the removable layers 14 and 15.

Then, a resultant membrane 26 having the laminated layers of both the bitumen and the bitumen mixture on the surface again passes over several cooling drums 27 while in close contact with them, thereby cooling and gradually solidifying.

Finally, the laminated roofing membrane is wound into a roll.

In an arrangement shown in FIG. 5, known accumulator means such as boilers, festoons or floating boilers can preferably be used at the positions, such as e.g. between the roll of the base layer 1 and the impregnating apparatus consisting of a bath 2, with the molten bitumen contained therein and the guide rollers 4, between the pressing rollers 5 and the coating rollers 7 and between the last cooling drum 27 and the product roll 20, although these accumulator means do not is shown in FIG. 5. The use of these accumulator means is advantageous to facilitate the work of the process and to accelerate the cooling effect during the production time.

In a modification of the production process of the invention, only a bitumen blend layer is applied to the laminated roofing membrane on one side of the bitumen coated base layer 6, as shown in FIG. 4A, and the preparation is as follows. Mineral granulate or powder 28 is applied to one of the sides of the molten bitumen coated base layer 21 in a suitably known manner, as shown at 29 in FIG. 5. In this procedure, the application of a removable layer which in FIG. 5 is shown at 14, omitted. Alternatively, a thin O in surface layer, such as a synthetic polymer film or

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11 foil, adhered to one side of the molten base layer 21 coated with the molten base instead of the mineral granulate or powder mentioned in the above. However, this configuration is not shown in FIG. 5th

In another modification of the production process according to the invention, only a covering layer of the bitumen mixture is applied to the laminated roofing membrane only on the portion extending along either one or both sides of the bitumen coated base layer shown in FIG. 4B and 4C, 10 and the preparation can be carried out as follows. The removable layer of the molten bitumen mixture, having a width narrower than the bitumen coated base layer, is laminated to the bitumen coated base layer and granulate or powder is applied or the thin layer is adhered to the remaining portion of the bitumen coated base layer.

In the production process of the invention, the removable layers 14 and 15 can preferably be subjected to creeping or embossing prior to the application of the bitumen mixture, thereby forming linear folds or wrinkles perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Thus, the resulting laminated roofing membrane conveniently provides increased flexibility, thereby preventing the undesirable formation of irregular wrinkles, folds and / or cracks during roll-down or roll-off operations, as discussed above.

The laminated roofing membrane produced by the process of the invention has a layered structure in which both the bitumen coated layers 8 and the layers 20 of bitumen mixture are bonded together and have uniform thickness as shown in section in FIG. 1C, ID, 4A, 4B and 4C.

The characteristic of the production process of the invention is explained by comparison with the process of the ordinary bituminous roofing board or membrane.

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If the application of granular or powder or the adhesion of the thin film or foil layers is omitted in the production of the ordinary bituminous roofing board or membrane, prior mentioned cooling such as contact with the rotary drums cannot be used because melted bitumen has a very high tackiness at high temperatures. In this case, therefore, alternative cooling steps are required during which the bitumen layer is left in the atmosphere to spontaneously cool, or cold air is blown against the bitumen layer. Evidently, the dis-10 process steps are not advantageous due to the large area required and the long time required, which inevitably leads to a reduction in efficiency and an increase in production costs.

On the other hand, it is impossible to produce the multi-layered multi-layered laminated roofing membrane of the invention by a process of directly spreading the hot bitumen mixture in molten form and uniform thickness on top of the hot bitumen layer on the base layer - which layer is also present. as liquid or semi-liquid - using well-known coating agents such as coating rollers or spreading by scraper blades due to high light flow rate of the hot bitumen layer on the base layer. It will also be impossible to directly propagate the hot bitumen mixture by means of syringes due to the high viscosity of the molten bitumen mixture.

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Conversely, if the hot bitumen layer on the base layer is covered with granulate, powder, film or foil and then cooled, it will be possible to directly spread the hot bitumen mixture in the molten state over the cooled surface. However, this method is not always free from the disadvantage that the presence of said granule, powder, film or foil allows for the prevention of close contact between both bitumen layers or inevitably requires an increased quantity of the bitumen mixture. Accordingly, this result

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13 behavior in undesirable effects, such as reducing the water-repellent ability and increasing production costs.

If the hot bitumen layer applied to the base layer is cooled to solidification before and without the application of granulate, powder, film or foil, it will be possible to cover the cooled surface directly with the molten bitumen mixture in a well known manner. However, this method cannot be used in practice because the cooling of the hot bite layer itself is accompanied by the associated problems as mentioned above.

The particular importance of the production process according to the invention lies in the fact that all the above-mentioned problems have been completely solved through separate and regular application of the molten bitumen and molten bitumen mixture to the base layer and the removable layer, respectively, and then joining the bitumen layer on the base layer. and the bitumen mixture layer on the removable layer, thereby bringing them into close contact with each other. In other words, the bitumen mixture is not directly applied to the hot bitumen layer on the base layer, but first applied at a uniform thickness to the removable layer and then laminated with the bitumen layer on the base layer.

It is most interesting that the molten bitumen mixture can advantageously be applied to the removable layer by means of 25 well-known deposition means, although the removable layer itself has little or no affinity for the bitumen mixture. This is because the bitumen mixture in the molten state and at high temperature exhibits a significantly increased adhesive capacity which is sufficient to cause it to adhere to the removable layer. Furthermore, once the laminate consisting of the bitumen blend layer and the removable layer is cooled to the surrounding atmosphere, the removable layer can be easily removed from the bitumen blend.

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14 because the detachable layer has no affinity for bitumen. Advantageously, the property of the affinity between the removable layer and bitumen, as well as their ability to coexist or combine, is used in the production process of the invention.

In summary, it must be said that the production process is of great importance to the point that the uniform lamination of different species of hot bitumen in the molten state can be carried out easily and economically. Such lamination will probably be very difficult to complete using the known processes set forth above.

The essence of the coating process of the invention lies in providing a coherent and continuous water-repellent layer at the normal ambient temperature, utilizing the mutual cohesion conditions of the mixed bitumen layers in the laminated bituminous roofing membranes.

A method of applying the laminated roofing membrane of the invention will be illustrated with reference to FIG. 6A, 6B, 7A, 7B, 8 and 9.

20 As shown in FIG. 6A, 6B, 7A and 7B, the laminated roofing membrane 26 is laid over a substrate 35 on which a bituminous primer was previously applied where necessary and dried. FIG. 6A shows an application system for a species consisting of two layers, and FIG. 6B shows the same layering system using three layers. This system can similarly be used with four, five or six layers, j

FIG. 7A shows another application system with two layers finishing, and FIG. 7B shows the same system with three layers; finishing. This system may also be similarly applied such that it has four, five or more layers upon completion.

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In each case shown in FIG. 6 and 7, opposite faces of the laminated roofing membranes are in principle formed such that these surfaces are covered with the bitumen mixture. Accordingly, after the detachable layers laid over the bitumen mixture are removed from these surfaces at the time of application, the surfaces are brought into direct contact with each other.

However, the side of the laminated roofing membrane which must be in contact with the substrate need not be that coated with the bitumen mixture. In cases where it is desirable to avoid complete surface adhesion between the finished roofing or waterproofing layer and the substrate, depending on the conditions, on the side of the roofing membrane which contacts the substrate, e.g.

15, a granular or powdery bitumen layer is applied. In this case, suitable adhesive materials, such as bitumen cement, can be applied stainably to the liner layer, thereby, if desired, to achieve a partial adhesion. When a laminated roofing membrane with a layer of bitumen mixture on both sides 20 is used, the membrane can be applied to the substrate without removing all or part of the removable layers from the contacting party, thereby achieving the same effect as the above.

If the outer conditions are met in terms of temperature, time and load of the roofing membranes, these laminated membranes thus laid up and stacked on the substrate by the above process will completely adhere and close to each other in the overlapping area. of the bitumen blend layer, without requiring any additional process to be performed, and this is due to the inherently high adhesive capacity, thereby forming a continuous continuous water-repellent layer consisting of several layers lying on the substrate.

FIG. 8 and 9 show modifications of the systems shown

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16 in FIG. 6 and 7. In each modification, it is intended to increase the water density in the joint region 36 by partially overlapping portions of the water-repellent membranes. In these modifications, both opposing surfaces of the 5 laminated roofing membranes in the locally overlapping areas of the joining area 36 need not be a bitumen blending layer, but one surface of the laminated roofing membranes may be the granular coated bitumen layer or powder or with thin coating applied. In this case, it is occasionally more convenient and more preferable for said one surface to be the upward facing surface of the underlying laminated roofing membrane. When one surface does not consist of the bitumen mixing layer in this overlapped area 36 and in the overlapped area 37 of a joint in the longitudinal direction of the laminated roofing membranes, it is preferable to increase the adhesion of such area by local heating of the surface. this surface using a burner flame or by hot air to thereby melt the 20 bitumen or by coating this surface locally with bitumen cement 38. Also when it is required to carry out the finishing of the roofing or waterproofing layer at the marginal portions or in the In the areas of the surrounding sinks, corners or the like, it is preferable to increase the adhesive capacity of such portions by the same supplementary measure as in the above. However, the application of such a measure to increase the adhesion is to a great extent limited to local areas, and all parties other than these remain in the application process - ie. almost the entire 30 surface of the membranes - as described, completely adhered without any special treatment.

When the laminated roofing membrane has a surface that is coated with mineral granules or a thinly adhered material layer is applied to allow it to appear as an outer surface, the finished layer need not be covered and

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17 protected with other material, thereby obtaining the advantageous result of obtaining economically a roof covering of the type which can be exposed to weather and wind, or of the water-repellent and low weight.

The essence of this application process is that a coherent water-repellent layer is provided by merely adhering to the bitumen blend layer applied to the surface layer of the laminated roofing membranes, as described above. Thus, the technique of the process in which melted or liquid bitumen is applied at the site is not required using the inventive roofing membranes, whereas said process technique is indispensable in conventional application processes. In the application of roofing membranes according to the invention 15, several problems that exist in the conventional application processes, e.g. several disadvantages associated with the process step of the heat process for heat melting the bitumen or the technical or economical bottlenecks of the cold process, both of which are described above, and can furthermore remarkably facilitate and speed up the actual work associated with the application process.

In both conventional application processes, ie. the heat process and the cold process, the bitumen layer, which is the main constituent of the water-repellent layer, is generally formed by a manual operation at the construction site, and the control of its thickness and uniformity therefore depends largely on the skill and intuition of the worker. Thus, there has been some danger of not achieving satisfactory results at the finished layer.

In contrast, the above-mentioned danger is not present in the roofing membrane application process according to the invention. This is because in this invention both the bitumen layer becomes

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18 and the layer of the bitumen mixture is mechanically shaped with predetermined constant thickness and laminated tightly together in a well controlled manner at the factory prior to application on site, whereupon they are further adhered to the site without any 5 adhesive layers to form a continuous continuous continuous bitumen layer thickness after application on site. Therefore, it is ensured that this process does not result in the thickness being irregular or defective, or that there are gaps in the bitumen layer applied to 10 or poured, which is inevitable when the layer is applied manually, as is in the case of conventional application processes. Furthermore, in this application process there is no danger of deterioration of the bitumen ratio, which often results as a result of superheating during the process step 15 by melting bitumen at the construction site. This application process therefore has the advantage of forming a water-repellent layer in a state in which the best conditions of the material state are always present.

Considering this application process from an economical point of view, it is more expensive than the conventional application process because it requires new additional elements, ie. the layer of bitumen mixture and the removable layer for the roofing membranes used in this process. However, the proposed application process can more than adequately compensate for such inconveniences related to increased costs because the process allows for a large reduction in work compared to conventional processes, and this reduction results from the very different application method for the two described above. processes.

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Especially as a measure of hedging, which in recent years has tended to reduce work shortages, this application process is very appropriate and advantageous. Put another way, therefore, it should be said that a primary object of this invention

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19 is to provide a water repellent layer which helps to ease this tendency towards shortening work.

Example 1.

A laminated bituminous roofing membrane was prepared as follows.

Nonwoven fabric weighing 200 g / m was prepared by a dry forming process of polyvinyl acetate alcohol fiber having a mean length of 40 mm and having a fineness of 2 denier (the weight in grams of 9000 m of wire).

10 Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, the nonwoven fabric at a width of 1 m was wound by the roll 1 and then passed through an impregnating bath 2 containing molten blown bitumen 100/45 heated to a temperature of 200 ° C and with a softening point. (ring and ball method) of 100 ° C and a permeability of 45 at 25 ° C, and then pressed between rollers 5. The bitumen-impregnated fabric was coated with the same blown bitumen as above and coated by two coating rollers 7 on each side with a thickness of about 1 mm.

A removable layer was prepared as follows. Corrugated gray paper weighing 90 g / m was laminated on one side with a polyethylene film of 0.015 mm thickness and then coated with a dilute solution of silicone resin on said polyethylene laminated surface and finally dried.

Two of the removable layers were separately coated with the molten coating mixture at a temperature of 18 ° C by means of the coating rollers 18 and 19, the mixture being composed of 80 parts of blown bitumen 80/45 (softening point 80, penetrating similarity 45), 12 parts SBR and 8 parts petroleum resin-30 pixels, by weight, and with an application thickness of about

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0.4 mm. The detachable layer with the bitumen blend coating was tightly adhered to each side of the bitumen coated fabric by rollers 24 and 25. The bonded membrane was cooled by a plurality of drums 27 and wound 5 in rolls.

Example 2.

A roofing membrane was prepared as follows. A device similar to that of FIG. 5. A layer of glass wool having a width of 1 m and a weight of 60 g / m was impregnated with molten blown bitumen 110/30 heated to 210 ° C and then laminated to a polyester film having a width of 1 m and a thickness of 0.1 mm, and then led to the front of the press rolls 5, where two layers were adhered together with said molten bitumen and further by the coating rollers 7 on one side coated with the same molten bitumen layer with a thickness of 0.8 and on the opposite side thereof coated with a thickness of 1.0 mm and then coated on the container 29 with crushed slate 28 corresponding to mesh size 10-20 on the side having the bitumen coating 20 of 0.8 mm.

In contrast, the same removable layers as in Example 1 were coated with a bitumen blend consisting of 75 parts of said blown bitumen, 12 parts IIR, 8 parts ester rubber and 5 parts stand oil made mainly of flaxseed, by weight, and by weight. about 190 ° C using the coating rollers 17 and 19. Then, the removable layer was adhered tightly to the 1 mm bitumen coated surface and the resulting adhesive membrane was cooled and wound in rolls in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 3.

The laminated bituminous roofing membranes of the double-

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21 sided, self-adhesive species made in Example 1 were rolled out and laid over a rough roofing of reinforced concrete in such a way that each membrane overlapped another, as shown in FIG. 7A. The roofing was coated with a bitumen primer of 0.3 l / m the previous day and dried. The roofing membranes partially overlapped each other over a width of about 15 cm or more at the joined portions of the membranes in the longitudinal direction. Each removable layer was removed from the membranes at the mounting step except at the exposed surfaces thereof.

Then, the laminated bituminous roofing membranes of the one-sided, self-adhesive type produced in Example 2 were laid on their upper surface in the partially overlapping manner with the surface with the shattered slate facing upwards and with their overlapping areas of about 10 cm at the joints. both longitudinal and transverse direction. Each removable layer on the membranes and the remaining removable layers on the outer surfaces of said double-sided membranes previously applied were removed from these membranes upon assembly.

The crushed shale surface of the overlapped portion was heated by a gas burner flame and subjected to pressing, thereby affixing the shattered shale surface to the adjacent layer of bitumen mixture. During this heating step, it was found that in order to obtain a fine trimming, it was preferable to moisten the surface with crushed shale with water outside the overlapped portions before heating.

Once these process steps were completed, the adhesion of the 30 surfaces of the bitumen blend layers to each other was controlled under three different conditions. Almost all the surfaces of the bitumen mixture lying against each other were completely bonded instantaneously at 25 ° C and within 24 hours.

Claims (4)

A method of producing a laminated bituminous roofing membrane consisting of a base layer which, at least on one of the sides, carries at least one layer of bitumen coating which is provided with at least one layer of bitumen mixture, at least on one of its sides. having high adhesiveness and including rubber and / or resin, the entire outer surface of the bitumen being covered by a removable layer, characterized by the following working steps: (a) coating all or part of at least one surface of the molten bitumen base layer, (b) coating the surface of the detachable layer with a molten bitumen blend of enhanced adhesiveness which, in addition to bitumen, includes rubber and / or resin, and then (c) joining the free surface of the bitumen blend layer to the detachable layer with all or parts. of the bi-tumor coated surface of the base layer. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that mineral granulate or powder is deposited on parts of the bitumen-coated surface of the base layer 25 and the working step (c) is carried out by the free surface of the bitumen mixture layer on it. removable layers are only joined with those parts of the bitumen coated surface of the base layer which are not covered by mineral granulate or DK 151908 B powder. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises adhering to a portion of the bituminous surface of the base layer a synthetic polymer film or metal foil after the working step (a) and the working step (c) being carried out at joining the free surface of the bitumen blend layer on the removable layer alone with those portions of the bitumen coated surface of the base layer not covered by this film or foil. Process according to claims 1-3, characterized in that a layer composed of fibrous material and impregnated with molten bitumen is used as the base layer in working step (a).