FI63308B - BRANDTAETNING AV GENOMFOERING FOER LEDNING - Google Patents

Description

1 63308

Fire protection of cable glands

Engineering

The present invention relates to a bushing for passing a fire barrier wire through a building component, such as a cast concrete wall, a roof or a floor, or a molded part thereof. The building part can also consist of, for example, a relatively thin wall of refractory material, such as steel, e.g. the bulkhead of a ship. The term "conduit" refers to, for example, an electric boiler, piping, air conditioning pipe, water pipe, or the like, and the term is intended to include a group of such elements.

A bushing, i.e. a hole in the wall or floor, which allows electrical cables, piping, air conditioning, plumbing or other installation components to be moved from one room to another, always poses a high risk in the event of a fire. These vias form an obvious diffusion path for both smoke and flames. Thus, it is often critical to fire safety that such through-20 exports be sealed in a manner that effectively prevents the spread of both smoke and fire. The bushing is often formed by leaving a channel in a wall or the like when pouring concrete or laying brick layers in the wall. Alternatively, the bus can be cut into a pre-cast or masonry wall. At a later stage of construction, the wires are then passed through these bushings, which are then sealed against fire, i.e. the free space between the wires and the bushing wall is filled with a refractory filler.

Technical background 30 It is known to install a frame in the bushing, which is filled with several parallelepiped-shaped blocks. At least some of these blocks are split and have opposite semicircular cavities for the cable. This cylindrical space between these block halves 35 is filled with a cylindrical closure which can thus be removed to form a space for the cable. When tightened or compressed, the clamping frame 2 63308 forms the desired tight contact between the blocks and the cables. However, the disadvantage of such a compression frame is that the blocks used only seal cables of a certain diameter and a certain number of cables. This in turn has led to the fact that when the cable is additionally passed through such a compression frame, the whole block is simply removed, so that the barrier between the cable and the adjacent blocks is lost. In addition, it has often been found that the blocks have come off during processing and that they 10 have not been placed in place, so that there are through-openings in the bushing which nullify the fire-protective effect of the device.

It is still known to use rubber sleeves to close the cable gland (GB Patent Publication No. 953,869), in which case the tubular rubber sleeve is pressed into the bushing, after which the cable group is forced through the hole in the sleeve. Such a technique is not particularly useful for fire prevention purposes, especially since the cables most often have to be pulled a long distance through the sleeve and a new bushing must be formed and a new sleeve installed if another group of cables has to be passed through the wall.

As a result, a plastic molding technique has been formed, characterized in that the cables or wires are inserted into the bushing, after which the bushing is temporarily closed with hatches and the refractory silicone is foamed on site into the bushing. This technology is provided by Studsvik Energiateknik AB under the name "Brandtätningssystem (fire protection system) FC-225", which uses silicone foam commercially available under the name "Dow Corning 30 3-6548 RTV". If you want to take the cable afterwards, e.g.

through the wall, a second bushing must be made for this and the bushing should be closed with FC-225 technology. This is inconvenient, especially if the wall is concrete, and expensive and not least due to the fact that wall coverings such as panee-35 lit and wallpaper are then often damaged and need to be replaced.

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Alternatively, a hole can be drilled through the existing bushing and after laying the cable, the annular gap between the hole and the cable can next be closed.

5 Description of the invention

The present invention relates to specific means for fire-penetrating a cable entry through a structure, such as a cast wall, roof or floor or a molded part thereof, e.g. lightweight concrete blocks or wall modules or a structural floor covering formed of pre-cast concrete or lightweight concrete units. said disadvantages are significantly reduced or eliminated by the invention and, in addition, special advantages are achieved in terms of simplicity and economy of production, economical storage and simple and reliable use. In addition, the invention also enables reliable fire protection during construction.

The devices according to the invention comprise a prefabricated body with a tubular housing and an elastomeric fire-retardant foamed material fitted to the housing, which material is compressed by the housing transverse to the longitudinal axis of the housing, the wire being pressed tightly into the foamed material. The invention is characterized in that the other end of the co-roll is fastened to a fastening element connected to the opposite support wall during the casting of the building element, which fastening element remains in the building element after the support wall has been removed.

During the casting of a building element, wall or the like between two retaining walls, it is essential that the frames are firmly between the walls when the heavy concrete is poured in. This support of the fire barrier frame in the mold is ensured by means of a fastening element according to the invention. In addition, since the fastening element remains in the building element after casting, an external closure is automatically achieved. The fastening part may have different embodiments for fitting to the structure of the fire barrier body. The fastening 4 63308 can be performed, for example, by resiliently locking the body to the fastening element, but in a preferred embodiment where the housing is circular in cross section and provided with an external thread, the fastening element has an internal thread fitted to the external thread of the housing. The frame can then simply be screwed into the fastening element and the amount to which it is screwed, forming a fit to the correct length relative to the wall strength.

In a preferred embodiment, the fastening element is provided with nailing channels formed on the outside, so that the nails punched through the nailing channels remain in the wall when the retaining walls are removed. In another preferred embodiment, external connection means 15 are formed in the fastening element, by means of which several elements can be connected in one row to simplify the installation of several fire barrier frames in parallel.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief explanation of the drawings

Figure 1 is a section along the line I-I in Figure 2 of one embodiment of a fire barrier body.

Figure 2 is an end view of the body seen from the left in Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows an exploded and side view of the arrangement of the fire barrier frame between the two support walls.

Fig. 4 is a section corresponding to Fig. 1 and shows the frame fitted in place between the retaining walls and after the gap between the retaining walls has been filled with concrete.

Fig. 5 is a plan view on an enlarged scale of a fastening element adapted to fit the fire barrier body of Figs. 1 and 2 for fastening the body during casting, e.g. the casting shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5.

Figure 7 is a section along the line VII-VII in Figure 5.

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Figures 8 to 11 are sections similar to Figure 4, but after the removal of the retaining walls, and show the various steps in which the cable is passed through the body by means of a tool specially designed for this purpose.

Figure 12 is an enlarged perspective view of the end of the handle associated with the tool.

Figures 13 and 14 are perspective views of two different examples of attaching a fire barrier body to a pre-made hole in, for example, a cast wall or building element.

Figure 15 is a perspective view of attaching a fire barrier body to a wall of a thin refractory material such as steel.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Figures 1 and 2 show the basic structure of a fire barrier body, which body is generally indicated by the number 1. It consists of a housing 2 in which a thread 3 is formed axially. In the illustrated embodiment, the housing 2 is formed to have both an external and a si-20 internal thread. The housing may consist of a thermoplastic such as polyethylene.

From the other end, the inside of the housing along its part 3 is filled with an elastic fire-retardant foamed substance 4 foamed in the housing, so that the housing keeps the cured foam under compression. The foamed material preferably consists of a silicone foam commercially available under the name "Dow Corning 3-6548 RTV", which foam is preferably formed directly in the housing 2. Because the material expands when formed to give a foam rubber composition, the internal threads of the housing are also filled, except except for the housing, which keeps the foamed material compressed transversely to the axial direction of the housing, helps the foamed material to remain in place and still provides significant tii-35 as if the inside of the housing were soft. Although not shown, one or more support nets may be placed in the foamed material, in part to prevent material 6 63308 from detaching during subsequent cable installation (see Figures 8-11) and in part to allow multiple cables to be sealed through the fire barrier without breaking or cracking. The length 3a, filled with 5 foamed substances, is adapted to the regulations applicable to the fire barrier in question, which are in the form of a fire classification determining the minimum length and in the form of electrical safety regulations determining the maximum length.

An unfilled portion 10 5 is formed in the fire barrier body 1, which preferably has a length which allows the fire barrier body to be used for different wall thicknesses.

The portion 5 can be easily cut, preferably with a saw, to the correct length, e.g. as shown in Figure 1 along dashed line 6. Figures 3 and 4 show how a fire dam 15 is cast between two retaining walls 7 and 8, the body having the principal structure presented.

Figure 3 shows how the fastening frame, generally indicated by the number 10, is fastened with nails 9 20 to a second support wall 7, which frame has a structure which will be described in more detail below with reference to Figures 5-7, i.e. it has e.g. an external thread fitted to the thread 3 of the housing 2. After cutting the frame 1 to at least an approximate length, the frame is fixed relative to the support wall 7 by twisting it into the fixing frame 10. By screwing to different depths, the possibility of adjustment with respect to the wall thickness is achieved. Next, the support wall 8 is raised and the walls are pulled together, whereby the fire barrier frame is firmly pressed between the support walls. The adjustment of the length of the body within a certain tolerance 30 is also achieved by the elasticity of the body due to its longitudinal helical shape. As can be seen from Figure 3 (and also from Figure 1), the foamed material protrudes a short distance (a few millimeters) outside the housing 2. This protruding portion is indicated by the number 11. 35 thus the friction between the foamed material and the support wall is achieved by supporting this end of the fire barrier body against the support wall. Additional certainty that this end remains in place 7 63308 can be achieved by nailing a suitable relatively flat means (not shown) against the support wall 8, which means is provided with inwardly projecting means, e.g. in the form of concentric rings, which come into contact with the foamed material 5 after raising the support wall. In this case, alternatively, the protruding foamed material 11 could be avoided. By using a mounting frame, it is no longer required to cut the frame accurately or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame.

Fig. 4 shows the fire barrier body 1 and the fastening frame 10 after the gap between the retaining walls 7 and 8 has been filled with concrete 12. Since the threads outside the fire barrier body are also filled with concrete, the fastening of the body to the concrete is achieved. The frame forms a gas, fire, water and soundproof bushing throughout the construction, both before and after the cable is passed through it.

The preferred embodiment of the mounting body 10 shown in Figure 3 will now be described with reference to Figures 5-7. This frame comprises an annular wall 13 on the inner surface 20 of which a thread is formed. The latter comprises, in the illustrated embodiment, two straight and substantially semicircular grooves 14 and 15, the free ends of which, seen from above, do not meet. Arranged on the outer surface of the wall 13 are four diametrically opposed nail holes 16 for nailing the frame to the support wall (wall 7 in Figures 3 and 4). The holes 16 of the nail curve outwards in the direction of the edge of the frame wall 13, which is intended to be fastened against the support wall. When the wall 8 is taken down, the nails follow along, but the frame remains in the concrete. On the opposite edge side of the frame wall 13 30, four diametrically opposite corner portions 17 and 18 protrude at right angles to the wall. The corner portions 17 are then formed with outwardly open cavities 19 and the corner portions 18 are formed with buttons 20 which can be pressed into the cavities 19 in an adjacent frame 35 to form a desired number of frames 10 in an joined row. To ensure such secure engagement with the adjacent frame, each frame is provided with locking members 8 63308 comprising a dovetail tongue 21 projecting from the body of the mounting frame and disposed between the buttons 20 and a complementary diameter-opposite recess 22.

Figures 8-11 show the different steps in pushing the cable through the fire barrier body after the retaining walls have been dismantled. The exemplary frame corresponds to the frame of Fig. 4 and is shown cast in a concrete wall 23. In order to obtain a tight passage for the line, a special lead-through tool 10 is used. It comprises three parts, a conical tip 24, a sleeve 25 and a handle 26 with an end 27, which work together as will become apparent from the following description.

As shown in Fig. 8, it is suitable to insert the tip 24 into the foamed material 4 per se, or if several wires have to be pulled through, a tip is pushed for each wire, whereby the arrangement of the different wires can be designed by means of the tips. The front end 28 of the sleeve is inserted into the tip by means of a handle. The tip and sleeve are pressed through the foamed material, and once the tip has passed through it, it falls out of itself. For this penetration, the handle can be pressed against the rear end 29 of the sleeve, the handle being in the position shown in Fig. 8, the end 27 of the handle having an annular groove (see Fig. 12) into which the end of the sleeve 25 is inserted during pushing. Alternatively, by means of a special shape of the head 27 (shown in more detail in Figure 12) with cavities 30 locking into two of the four heels or supports 31 evenly distributed around the circumference of the sleeve near the rear end of the sleeve, penetration of the tip 24 30 and sleeve 25 may follow. after engagement in a position of the handle 26 that is at an angle to the sleeve, which can be valuable in rubbish-accessible locations.

Figure 9 shows the position of the sleeve 25 after it has been pressed through the fire barrier body and the wire 32 has been pulled through the sleeve. Since the hole formed through the body is aligned with the hockey and thus protected by it, the wire can be pushed through the body 9 63308 without damaging the latter. As shown, the sleeve is split at its ends 28, 29 to form funnel-shaped openings, thus preventing the wire from jamming when it is pulled.

Figure 10 shows the retraction of the sleeve 25 from the foamed material after the line has been pulled. In particular for this retraction, the sleeve is provided with supports 31 and cavities 30 in the handle end portion 27. By means of four supports 31 arranged around the circumference 10 of the sleeve, the attachment of the two supports and cavities in all directions for good access is achieved. Thus, it is also possible to turn the sleeve to its most comfortable position. In addition, the cavities 30 are curved outwards so that the supports 31 also guide to the bottoms of the cavities at an angle already in a relatively large angular range between the central axes of the handle and the sleeve, so that a correspondingly large angular area is possible After pulling out, the sleeve must be removed from the cord. To easily accomplish this, the sleeve 20 is formed with a perforation or other weakened gap (not shown) located between the opposite bottoms of the split ends 28 and 29. After cutting this perforation, the sleeve can be opened and removed from the cable. The handle end 27 is specially adapted for use during this cutting. Behind the head 27 relative to the cavities 30, the head is provided with cutting portions (see Fig. 12), each comprising a cutting edge 33 located inside the outwardly rounded slider 34. Secure attachment of the splitting portion of the head 27 is achieved in the slits at the ends 28 and 29 of the sleeve 30 between which the perforation is located, which splitting portion is also formed so that the handle can be held at a large angular range with respect to the sleeve, e.g. 15-55 °. Accessibility is further improved when two splitting portions are formed in the end 27 one behind each cavity 30, thus also increasing the life of the handle. The rounded slider 34 is adapted to prevent the cutting edge 33 from damaging the wire 32 during splitting.

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Figure 11 shows the lead-through wire 32 after the sleeve 25 has been removed. Since the foamed material has not been removed and the material has only been compressed, the foamed material 4 is elastically resilient back 5 and a barrier of the foamed material is formed around the line.

As shown above, the end 27 of the handle is more clearly shown in Figure 12, which shows the shape of the cavities 30, the cutting edge 33 and the slider 34. The annular groove is further shown in the figure, the end 29 of the sleeve 25 being inserted into the groove when the tip 24 and the sleeve 25 are pushed through the foamed material 4 of the body 1. This groove is indicated by the number 35 in the figure. Also shown is a groove 36 defined by the side of the slider 34 facing the cavity 30 and the bottom wall, the lower edge shown in the figure forming a cutting edge 33. This groove 36 guides the second split edge during splitting of the sleeve 25.

Referring to Figures 1-12, a fire barrier body partially filled with a foamed material and having a circular cross-section and a threaded housing has been described above.

Many of the advantages mentioned in this description, as well as in the introduction under the heading "Description of the invention", can be achieved with a fire barrier body having a cross-sectional shape other than round, e.g. square, rectangular or oval, the housing of such body may have ul-25 threads or other groove or other protruding parts or be soft and instead of being twisted into the mounting frame, it can also be loosely attached in other ways, e.g. by pushing in a lockable manner onto a suitably shaped mounting frame. Another option is to use a pa-30 flap body that is completely filled with foamed material and has a circular cross-section and a threaded housing. Such a body has all the above advantages except those arising from the fact that the housing of the body is only partially filled with a foamed substance.

Other examples of fire barrier frames completely or partially filled with foamed material are shown in Figures 13-15, Figures 13 and 14 show frames to be attached to a pre-made hole in a wall or building element, and Figure 15 shows a refractory barrier body for a relatively thin wall, e.g. in a hole in the bulkhead of a ship.

Figure 13 shows a part of a wall or building element 37 with a hole 38. An outer sleeve 39 of foamed material is cast on the slit tube 40 and in addition to the described internal thread 41 the tube may have an external thread and suitably extend towards the edges of the slits. The tube 40 with the sleeve 39 is inserted into the hole 38. The housing of the bushing body 43, which is completely or partially filled with the foamed material 4 and provided with an external thread 42, preferably also with an internal thread, is screwed into the tube 40. 39 this expansively, which in turn presses against the walls of the hole 38.

Fig. 14 shows a wall or building element 44, shown in section through a hole provided with a thread 45. The thread 45 may be formed by molding a sleeve or forming itself in the material in connection with certain wall materials. The bushing body comprises two halves 46 and 47 having a semicircular cross-section and a sheath with an external thread 48 and 25, preferably also an internal thread, as shown and grooves 49 with a semicircular cross-section. filled with the foamed material 4 along its entire length and printed on the wire 50 and pressed against each other, after which the assembled halves are screwed into the hole provided with the thread 45. This embodiment of the fire barrier body is intended for a single cable, in particular for a large-sized cable, and is particularly useful for cables which cannot be pulled through the foamed material of the fire barrier body, since the cable is provided with, for example, protruding connections. Alternatively, it is possible to cast the fire barrier body into place in a conventional manner and then screw it out after it 12 63308 to fit it on the cable and then screw it back into the threaded hole. This has the advantage that a closed bushing can also be formed during construction. Another option is to use a split fires-5 chimney instead of two separate halves 46 and 47.

Finally, Fig. 15 shows a lead-through body 51 with an housing with an external thread and preferably also an internal thread, which encloses the foamed material 4 in a conventional manner. The fire barrier-10 ko is threaded through fastening pieces 54 provided with internal threads 53 which are pre-fastened to the lower sides of the wall 55 by collars or flanges 56 of fastening pieces which closely surround the hole made through the wall.

If only one wire is to be fitted through the bushing in the embodiments of Figures 13-15, the body may be halved or split in the same manner as shown and described in connection with the embodiment of Figure 14.

Claims (7)

13 63308 A device for closing a grommet against fire for at least one conduit passing through a building element, the device comprising a prefabricated body having a tubular housing and an elastic fire-retardant foamed material disposed in the housing, the foamed material being compressed transversely of the housing. with respect to the longitudinal axis of the latter, the wire being tightly compressed in the foamed material due to its compression, characterized in that one end of the housing (2) is attached to a fastening element (10) connected to the opposite support wall (7) during casting of the building element (23), which fastening element remains in the building element after the retaining wall has been removed. Device according to claim 1, wherein the housing (2) has a circular cross-section, characterized in that the housing is provided with an external thread (3) and the fastening element (10) with an internal thread 20 (14, 15) complementary to the external thread of the housing. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fastening element (10) is formed as an annular fastening frame (13) with nailing channels (16) formed on the outside. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that external coupling means (19-22) are formed in the fastening element (10) for coupling the fastening elements together in parallel. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the coupling means (19-22) comprise button-shaped elements (20) to snap into the cavities (19) which are fitted to the elements (20) and open outwards. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the coupling means (19-22) 14 63308 comprise an outwardly projecting support (21) for fitting into a groove (22) complementary thereto. Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the support (21) and the groove (22) are of the so-called dovetail shape. 6330 8