FI58884B - Foerfarande och anordning foer hopfogning av polyolefinfoeremaol - Google Patents
Foerfarande och anordning foer hopfogning av polyolefinfoeremaol Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI58884B FI58884B FI3437/74A FI343774A FI58884B FI 58884 B FI58884 B FI 58884B FI 3437/74 A FI3437/74 A FI 3437/74A FI 343774 A FI343774 A FI 343774A FI 58884 B FI58884 B FI 58884B
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- polyolefin
- heated
- temperature
- heating
- index
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 2
- -1 polyethylenes Polymers 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150104262 csn4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/114—Single butt joints
- B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
- B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
- B05C3/12—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating work of indefinite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
- B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
- B29C65/2007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror
- B29C65/2015—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror being a single welding mirror comprising several separate heating surfaces in different planes, e.g. said heating surfaces having different temperatures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
- B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
- B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
- B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
- B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
- B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
- B29C66/52291—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
- B29C66/52292—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73115—Melting point
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73115—Melting point
- B29C66/73116—Melting point of different melting point, i.e. the melting point of one of the parts to be joined being different from the melting point of the other part
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7312—Rheological properties
- B29C66/73121—Viscosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
- B29C66/91212—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
- B29C66/91413—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account the parts to be joined having different temperatures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
- B29C66/91423—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools using joining tools having different temperature zones or using several joining tools with different temperatures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91431—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being kept constant over time
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
- B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
- B29C66/91931—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/91933—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined higher than said fusion temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
- B29C66/9292—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. pressure diagrams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
- F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/922—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
- B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
- B29C66/959—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables
- B29C66/9592—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. X-Y diagrams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/962—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process using proportional controllers, e.g. PID controllers [proportional–integral–derivative controllers]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
- B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2905/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as mould material
- B29K2905/02—Aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
- B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
R5F*1 (11) KUULUTUSJULKAISU ro OO Λ ^ΗΠ» 14 1 ' UTLACCNINGSSKMFT t> ÖO o 4 C Patentti myönnetty 11 05 1931
Patent ©eddelat ^ v ^ (51) Kv.ik?/int.a.3 B 29 C 27/06 SUOMI —FINLAND (21) PMwittlhekemu· — PKantaMeknlng 3^37/7^ (22) HftkwnitpUvi — Antttlcningadkg 27-11-7^
* * (23) AlkuplWt—GIMgh«tsdag 27.11.7U
(41) Tullut |ulkl<«l(sl — Uhrit uffmtllg 28.05.75 htunttl· j> reklatari hallitus ..........
_. ' , .__, (44) NShtSvtlc«Jp«rton Ja kiMiLfullubun pvm. —
Patent· och ragistarstyrtlsan v ' AraMcan uthgd Odiutl^krlftm puMcand 30.01.81 (32)(33)(31) ^ryd·tty »tuolle·*»—a*xIrd prlorlMt 27.11.73
Hollanti-Holland(NL) 7316221 (71) Wavin B.V., 251 Händellaan, Zwolle, Hollanti-Holland(NL) (72) Gerhard Harmsen, Hardenberg, Hollanti-Holland(NL) (7U) Oy Kolster Ab (5U) Menetelmä ja laite polyolefiiniesineiden yhdistämiseksi - Förfarande och anordning för hopfogning av polyolefinföremäl
Keksinnön kohteena on menetelmä sellaisten polyolefiiniesineiden pintojen yhdistämiseksi, joilla on eri sulajuoksuindeksit, jossa menetelmässä yhdistettävät pinnat yhdistetään. Keksintö koskee myös laitetta menetelmän toteuttamiseksi.
Eräs tällainen menetelmä on yleisesti tunnettu. Tässä menetelmässä samaa polyolefiiniainetta olevien esineiden yhdistettävät polyolefiinipinnat, varsinkin putkien, kuumennetaan yli niiden sulamispisteen, minkä jälkeen kuumennetut päät painetaan toisiaan vasten, jolloin muodostuu hitsattu liitos. Tässä tunnetussa menetelmässä on se huono puoli, että näin muodostettu liitos ei ole riittävä, kun on hitsattava esineiden pinnat, joiden polyolefiineilla on eri sulajuoksuindeksi. Yhdistettävien polyolefiinipintojen sulattamiseksi käytetään kuumennuselementtiä, jolla on muuttumaton lämpötila, molempien pintojen kuumentamiseksi, niin että, kun on hitsattava polyolefiinipinnat, joilla on eri sulajuoksuindeksi, on pinnoilla täysin erilainen juoksevuus.
Eri ominaisuudet omaavat polyolefiinit voidaan määritellä niiden sulajuoksuindeksi n perusteella, joka määritetään mittaamalla juoksevan polymeerin se 2 58884 määrä grammoissa, joka 10 minuutissa juoksee määrätynkokoisen suukappaleen läpi määrätyn paineen alaisena ja määrätyssä lämpötilassa. Kun painetta lisätään, kasvaa nopeus, mutta ei ole mitään suoraviivaista yhteyttä paineen ja polymeerimää-rän välillä, joka valuu ulos 10 minuutissa.
Ottaen huomioon lämpötilan, viskositeetin, sulajuoksuindeksin ja paineen välisen, monimutkaisen yhteyden on mahdotonta saada hyvää liitosta tunnettujen menetelmien avulla, kun on hitsattava polyolefiiniesineiden pinnat, joilla on eri sulajuoksuindeksi.
Keksinnön tavoitteena on kehittää mainitunlainen menetelmä, jolla voidaan vaikeuksitta saada aikaan hitsattu liitos, jonka laatu on erinomainen.
Tähän tavoitteeseen päästään siten, että polyolefiiniesineiden pinnat kuumennetaan siten, että polyolefiini, jonka sulamisindeksi on alhaisempi, kuumennetaan sulamispisteensä enemmän ylittävään lämpötilaan kuin se polyolefiini, jonka sulamisindeksi on korkeampi niin että ensimmäisen polyolefiinin juoksevuus on miltei sama kuin toisen polyolefiinin juoksevuus polyolefiinien ollessa sulassa tilassa, ja että pinnat saatetaan tämän jälkeen koskettamaan toisiaan.
Ka n tällainen menetelmä toteutetaan, saavutetaan kahden erilaisen poly-olefiinipinnan täydellinen yhteensulaminen, jolloin muodostuu tyydyttävä suljettu liitos, vaikka käytetään polyolefiineja, joilla on erilaiset ominaisuudet. Tällaisen menetelmän avulla voidaan erittäin hyvin suorittaa polyolefiinistä tehtyjen putkien puskuhitsaus, kun käytetään toisaalta putkea, jolla on hyvin korkea sulajuoksuindeksi ja toisaalta putkea, jolla on alhaisempi tai jopa hyvin alhainen sulajuoksuindeksi.
Polyolefiineista on erityisesti mainittava polyeteeni ja polypropeeni; seuraavassa mainitaan kuitenkin erityisesti polyeteeniputket, mutta tämä ei rajoita käytettävää ainetta.
Juoksevuudella tarkoitetaan edellä sitä polyolefiinin määrää,joka valuu pois määrätyssä ajassa ja määrätyn kuormituksen alaisena, kun hitsattava pinta pidetään kosketuksessa kuumennetun pinnan kanssa, jolla on erityinen lämpötila.
Polyolefiiniputken juoksevuus voidaan määrittää seuraavasti. Määrätyn seinäpaksuuden ja läpimitan ja miltei saman painon omaava polyolefiiniputki, joka on esim. polyeteeniputki, asetetaan niin, että se lepää päätypinnallaan kuumennetaan levyn päällä. Lämmön vuoksi polyeteeniputken levyn kanssa kosketuksessa olevat osat sulavat, minkä jälkeen tämä sulanut osa painuu sivulle putken painon 58884 ja mahdollisen lisäkuorman vaikutuksesta. Poispainetun aineen määrän voi laskea määrittämällä missä määrin putki antaa myöten kun tunnetaan putken sisä- ja ulko-halkaisija.
Kuviot 3 ja h esittävät graafista kaaviota, joka näyttää yhteyden määrätyllä paineella ja määrätyssä ajassa poispainetun aineen määrän Q ja sen levyn lämpötilan välillä, jota vasten polyeteeniputkea painetaan. Kuviossa 3 tämä yhteys näytetään määrätyn aineen a kohdalla ja kuviossa U aineen b kohdalla.
Määrä Q on polyeteeniaineen määrä, joka tulee painetuksi pois 10,5 kg:n kuormituksella, kun polyeteeniputki lepää levyllä, jolla on lämpötila T. Kaaviossa P edustaa painetta, jolla valuminen tapahtuu.
Kuvioissa 3 ja k mainitut tiedot voi lopuksi piirtää kuvion 5 mukaiseksi kaavioksi, jossa näytetään yhteys aineen b lämpötilan ja aineen a lämpötilan välillä, poispainetun sulan aineen määrän ollessa sama. Kuvion 5 käyrän alapäätä rajoittaa polyolefiinien sulamislämpötila ja sen yläpäätä rajoittaa hajaantumis-lämpötila. On ilmeistä, että määrätty piste käyrällä osoittaa toisen aineen lämpötilaa T, ja ensimmäisen aineen lämpötilaa T , joissa aineilla on samat viskosi- D 81 teetit, joista on seurauksena erinomaisesti hitsattu liitos.
Täydellisyyden vuoksi on huomattava, että kuvioissa 3 ja U näytetään eräät käyrät katkoviivoin, mikä ilmaisee sen, että tekoputkeen kohdistettu kuormitus vaihteli juoksevuuden määrityksen aikana. Alle paineen P^ paineilla, so. paineilla P^ ja P^, sulaa vähemmän ainetta pois, kun taas P1:tä suuremmilla paineilla, eli paineilla P^ ja P^, sulaa enemmän ainetta pois.
Kuvion 5 mukainen kaavio edustaa siksi tekoputken määrättyä kuormitusta kosketusajanjaksona kuumennetun levyn kanssa ja polyeteeni-tekoaineen sulaessa pois.
Kun on määritetty kuvion 5 mukainen kaavio, on hyvin yksinkertaista valita sopivat lämpötilat, joihin kahden erilaisen polyolefiinin pinnat olisi kuumennettava kunnolla hitsatun liitoksen saamiseksi.
Oheisessa taulukossa A näytetään yhteydet lämpötilojen ja poispainetun aineen määrän välillä kahden erilaisen polyeteenin kohdalla, joista toisella on 0,3 sulajuoksuindeksi 5 kg/cm kuormalla ja 190 C lämpötilassa ja toisella on 1,1 2 o sulajuoksuindeksi 5 kg/cm kuormalla ja 190 C lämpötilassa, jolloin molemmat sulajuoksuindeksit on määritetty DIN-menetelmällä.
On edullista kuumentaa kumpaakin yhdistettävää pintaa yhtä kauan ensiksi puristuskuorman alla määrätyssä lämpötilassa ja sitten toisen kerran, kun tämä kuoma on poistettu.
u 58884 Tällä toteutusmuodolla on se etu, että saadaan melko huomattava määrä sulaa ainetta, jota voidaan käyttää hitsatun liitoksen muodostamiseksi.
Hitsattavat pinnat kuumennetaan tehokkaasti ^0-150°0:η verran niiden sulamislämpötilan yli, ja puskuhitsattaessa kuumennetaan putkipinnat mieluiten 50-90°C:n verran niiden sulamispisteen yli. Käytännössä on todettu, että on suotavaa kuumentaa ensimmäisen polyolefiiniputken, jonka sulajuoksuindeksi on
. . . . O
korkeampi, pinta lämpötilaan, joka on 30-50 C alhaisempi kuin sen pinnan, joka kuuluu toiselle polyolefiiniputkelle, jonka sulajuoksuindeksi on alhaisempi ja joka yhdistetään ensimmäisen putken kanssa.
Keksintö koskee myös laitetta, jolla toteutetaan keksinnön mukainen menetelmä ja joka käsittää osat kahden yhdistettävän polyolefiiniesineen pitämiseksi ja keskittämiseksi, mainittujen keskittämisosien ollessa liikutettavissa suhteessa toisiinsa ja kuumennusosan, jolla kuumennetaan yhdistettävät polyole-fiinipinnat. Tunnusomaista on, että laitteessa on kaksi erikseen säädettävissä olevaa kuumennusosaa kahden eri polyolefiinin saman juoksevuuden aikaansaamiseksi saman ajan kuluessa, jolloin mainituissa kuumennusosissa on verrannollisesti säädettävät kuumennuselementit halutun lämpötilan säätämiseksi.
Tällä tavoin voidaan toisen polyolefiiniosan pinta kuumentaa aivan toiseen lämpötilaan kuin aivan toista polyolefiinia olevan toisen osan pinnan lämpötila.
Voidaan esim. ajatella vastaavasti 200°C ja 220°C lämpötilaa vastaavasti korkean sulajuoksuindeksin omaavan polyeteenin ja alhaisen sulajuoksuindeksin omaavan polyeteenin osalta.
Yleensä kun on puskuhitsattava polyeteeniputket, joilla on korkea ja alhainen sulajuoksuindeksi, valitaan pintojen väliseksi lämpötilaeroksi 30-U0°C. Tämän voi saavuttaa esim. kuumentamalla toinen pinta 215°C lämpötilaan ja toinen pinta l80°C lämpötilaan.
On suotavaa pitää kumpikin pinta vähintään yli l60°C ja mieluiten yli 1T0°C lämpötilassa kun on hitsattava polyeteenipinnat.
Kaksi erikseen ohjattavaa kuumennusosaa voidaan tehokkaasti yhdistää, niin että muodostetaan kokonaisuus, ja niiden välille voidaan panna eristävä kerros. On erityisen suotavaa varustaa kaksi kuumennusosaa verrannollisesti säädettävillä kuumennuselementeillä suotavan lämpötilan säätämiseksi. Kuumennusosat, tehdään mieluiten alumiinista ja varustetaan sisäänvaletuilla kuumennuselementeillä.
5 58884
Kahden putken pään yhdistämiseksi puskuhitsauksella käytetään kahta litteää kuumennuslevyä, mutta kun yhdistetään laajennetun ulkoputken pään sisäpuoli sisäputken pään kanssa, käytetään holkinmuotoisia kuumennuselementtejä. Putken varustamiseksi satulaosalla voidaan käyttää tähän prosessiin suunniteltuja laitteita.
On suotavaa varustaa kukin kuumennusosa lämpötilan aistivalla elimellä.
Seuraavassa valaistaan keksintöä viitaten oheiseen piirustukseen, jossa näytetään keksinnön toteutusmuotoja ja jossa: kuvio 1 esittää keksinnön mukaista laitetta, jolla voidaan puskuhitsata eri polyolefiineja olevien putkien päät; kuvio 2 esittää toista laitetta, jolla voidaan hitsata polyolefiininen sisäputkiosa ja ulkoputkiosa.
Kuvio 1 näyttää laitteen, joka käsittää osan 1, jossa on ruuvipuristimet 2 ja 3, joissa hitsattavat putket U, esim. polyeteeni- tai polypropeeniputket, voidaan suunnata yhteen puristuksessa. Kaksi ruuvipuristinta 2, 3 tai vain toinen niistä voi liukua edestakaisin.
Laite on myös varustettu kuumennuslaitteella 5> jonka voi sijoittaa ruuvi-puristimien 2 ja 3 välille. Tämä hitsauslaite käsittää kaksi kuumennuspeiliä 6 ja 7> joita erottaa eristyskerros 8. Kumpikin kuumennuspeili 6, 7 on varustettu sisäisillä kuumennuslangoilla ja kumpikin kuumennuspeili 6, 7 on alumiinia. Kumpikin kuumennuspeili 6, 7 on myös varustettu lämpötilan aistivalla elimellä 9, joka toimii yhdessä kuumennuslankojen 11, 11a syöttimien 10, 10a kanssa.
Putkien h päiden puhdistamiseksi voidaan käyttää kaavinterillä varustettuja levyjä. Näitä teriä ei kuitenkaan ole näytetty po. tapauksessa. Kuumennus-peilit 6, 7 kuumennetaan esim. kuumennuslankojen avulla kahteen eri lämpötilaan, jotka voi määrittää taulukon A avulla.
Esim. ainetta a puristetaan ensiksi 1 minuutin aikana levyä vasten, jonka lämpötila on 220°C 10,5 kg:n kokonaiskuormituksen alla, jonka jälkeen ainetta a puristetaan 1,5 minuutin aikana samaa levyä vasten, jonka lämpötila edelleen on 220°C, 0,5 kg:n kokonaiskuormituksen alla. Tässä tapauksessa juoksevuuskerroin on 1,58.
Saman juoksevuuden saamiseksi aineelle b, joka on mainittu taulukossa A, on valittava 200°C lämpötila. 2,5 minuutin jälkeen kuumennuspeili poistetaan ja yhdistettävien putkien päät painetaan toisiaan vasten ja käytetään esim. 8 kg:n kokonaiskuormitusta. Jotta polyeteenipinnat eivät tarttuisi kuumennuspeileihin, voidaan nämä peittää teflonilla lU.
6 58884
Kuten edellä mainittiin, poistetaan kuumennuspeilit, kun yhdistettävät pinnat on pidetty määrätyssä lämpötilassa yhtä kauan, minkä jälkeen polyolefiini- putkien päät painetaan yhteen. Määrätynsuuruinen paine on kohdistettava putkiin 2 jälkimmäisessä vaiheessa, esim. 0,7-0,9 kg/cm paine. Laite on tätä varten varustettu irrallisella vivulla 12 ruuvipuristimen 3 siirtämiseksi haarukan 13 avulla, joka asetetaan putken 1+ päälle kääntöpisteissä. Lisäksi on varusteena vetotanko 15, jossa on ruuvikierre, ja joka on lukittu telineen l6 yläpäähän. Säätöpyörällä 17 säädetään voima, joka kohdistuu vipuun vetotangon kautta. Mittari 18 osoittaa voiman, joka on säädetty säätöpyörällä 17·
On selvää, että vipua 12 voi myös käyttää riittävän ainemäärän sulatus-prosessissa, kun putkien päät painetaan kuumennuspeilejä vasten. Vähän ajan kuluttua voidaan kuormitusta pienentää tai sen voi poistaa kokonaan, samalla kun jatketaan päiden kuumentamista, jolloin saadaan suurempi määrä sulaa polyolefiini-ainetta.
Sisäputken pään yhdistämiseksi ulkoputken pään kanssa voidaan käyttää kuvion 2 mukaista laitetta. Tämä laite käsittää kuumennettavan sylinterin 21, joka voi toimia yhdessä istukan 23 sisäpuolen kanssa ja toisen kuumennusosan 2b lieriömäinen sisäpinta 26 voi toimia yhdessä sisäputkiosan 28 ulkopinnan 27 kanssa. Kun pinnat on sulatettu tarpeeksi ja ne on kuumennettu haluttuun lämpötilaan, poistetaan kuumennusosa ja kuvion 1 näyttämien tukiosien avulla työnnetään sisäputkiosa 28 ulkoputkiosaan käyttäen määrättyä painetta.
Tässäkin tapauksessa käytetään taulukossa A mainittuja aineita a ja b, jotka yhdistetään hitsaamalla. Aineelle a valitaan 215°C lämpötila ja aineelle b l80°C lämpötila.
p
Putkien hitsauksen aikana käytetty paine on alueella 0,7-0,9 kg/cm .
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Claims (9)
- 8 58884
- 1. Menetelmä sellaisten polyolefiiniesineiden pintojen yhdistämiseksi, joilla on eri sulajuoksuindeksit, jossa menetelmässä yhdistettävät pinnat kuumennetaan vähintään niiden sulamispisteeseen, jonka jälkeen pinnat yhdistetään, tunnettu siitä, että polyolefiiniesineiden pinnat kuumennetaan siten, että polyolefiini, jonka sulamisindeksi on alhaisempi, kuumennetaan sulamispisteensä enemmän ylittävään lämpötilaan kuin se polyolefiini, jonka sulamisindeksi on korkeampi niin että ensimmäisen polyolefiinin juoksevuus on miltei sama kuin toisen polyolefiinin juoksevuus polyolefiinien ollessa sulassa tilassa, ja että pinnat saatetaan tämän jälkeen koskettamaan toisiaan.
- 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että kumpikin pinta kuumennetaan ensiksi puristuskuorman alaisena ja tämän jälkeen toisen kerran sen jälkeen kun tämä puristuskuorma on poistettu.
- 3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että pinnat kuumennetaan lämpötiloihin, jotka ylittävät niiden sulamislämpötilan Uo-150°C:lla. h. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että yhdistettäessä putkia puskuhitsaamalla, niiden pinnat kuumennetaan lämpötiloihin, jotka ylittävät niiden sulamislämpötilan 50-90°C:lla.
- 5. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu siitä, että korkeamman sulamisindeksin omaavan ensimmäisen polyolefiinin pinta kuumennetaan lämpötilaan, joka on noin 30-6o°C alhaisempi kuin toisen, alhaisemman sulamisindeksin omaavan polyolefiinin lämpötila.
- 6. Laite yhden tai useamman patenttivaatimuksen 1-5 mukaisen menetelmän toteuttamiseksi polyolefiiniesineiden, edullisesti polyolefiiniputkien (k) yhdistämiseksi, joka mainittu laite käsittää osat (2, 3) kahden yhdistettävän polyolefiiniesineen {h) pitämiseksi ja keskittämiseksi, mainittujen keskittämis-osien (2, 3) ollessa liikutettavissa suhteessa toisiinsa ja kuumennusosan (5)» jolla kuumennetaan yhdistettävät polyolefiinipinnat, tunnettu siitä, että laitteessa on kaksi erikseen säädettävissä olevaa kuumennusosaa (6, 7) kahden eri polyolefiinin saman juoksevuuden aikaansaamiseksi saman ajan kuluessa, jolloin mainituissa kuumennusosissa (6, 7) on verrannollisesti säädettävät kuu-mennuselementit (11, 11a) halutun lämpötilan säätämiseksi.
- 7. Patenttivaatimuksen 6 mukainen laite, tunnettu siitä, että kaksi erikseen säädettävää kuumennusosaa (6, 7) on sovitettu yhdistettäväksi kokonaisuudeksi, jolloin niiden väliin on järjestetty eristävä kerros (8). 9 58884
- 8. Patenttivaatimuksen 6 mukainen laite, tunnettu siitä, että kuumennusosat on valmistettu alumiinista ja että kuumennuselementit (li, 11a) on valettu niihin.
- 9. Patenttivaatimuksen 6 mukainen laite, tunnettu siitä, että se on varustettu osilla (2, 12, 13, 15, 17» 18), joilla polyolefiiniesineen pinta painetaan kuumennusosaa ja/tai toista polyolefiinipinnalla varustettua esinettä vasten, jolloin mainitut puristusosat on sovitettu painamaan ennalta säädetyllä paineella. / 10 58884
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL7316221.A NL157234B (nl) | 1973-11-27 | 1973-11-27 | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het aan elkaar lassen van twee polyalkeenkunststofvoorwerpen, alsmede aan elkaar gelaste voorwerpen verkregen volgens deze werkwijze. |
NL7316221 | 1973-11-27 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FI343774A FI343774A (fi) | 1975-05-28 |
FI58884B true FI58884B (fi) | 1981-01-30 |
FI58884C FI58884C (fi) | 1981-05-11 |
Family
ID=19820090
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FI3437/74A FI58884C (fi) | 1973-11-27 | 1974-11-27 | Foerfarande och anordning foer hopfogning av polyolefinfoeremaol |
Country Status (23)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3998682A (fi) |
JP (1) | JPS551905B2 (fi) |
AT (1) | AT368064B (fi) |
BE (1) | BE822578A (fi) |
BR (1) | BR7409929A (fi) |
CA (1) | CA1032457A (fi) |
CH (1) | CH620858A5 (fi) |
CS (1) | CS181279B2 (fi) |
DD (1) | DD116791A5 (fi) |
DE (1) | DE2455603C3 (fi) |
DK (1) | DK137488B (fi) |
ES (2) | ES432592A1 (fi) |
FI (1) | FI58884C (fi) |
FR (1) | FR2252190B1 (fi) |
GB (1) | GB1492547A (fi) |
IE (1) | IE40415B1 (fi) |
IN (1) | IN142449B (fi) |
IT (1) | IT1025998B (fi) |
NL (1) | NL157234B (fi) |
NO (1) | NO141924C (fi) |
PL (1) | PL95620B1 (fi) |
SE (1) | SE406560B (fi) |
ZA (1) | ZA747394B (fi) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52168967U (fi) * | 1976-06-15 | 1977-12-21 | ||
CS199377B1 (en) * | 1977-05-13 | 1980-07-31 | Valter Boehm | Connecting method of at least two ceramic materials |
JPS5584250A (en) * | 1978-12-16 | 1980-06-25 | Nippon Sanso Kk | Production of mold |
JPS57140119A (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1982-08-30 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Nozzle of hot-air welder for bonding different resin members |
JPS60174631A (ja) * | 1985-01-17 | 1985-09-07 | Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Ltd | バット溶着装置 |
US5007767A (en) * | 1985-03-25 | 1991-04-16 | British Gas Corporation | Method for joining polyolefin pipes by fusion |
JPS62107177U (fi) * | 1985-12-26 | 1987-07-08 | ||
GB2214863B (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1991-09-04 | British Gas Plc | Joining polyolefinic members by fusion |
US5240537A (en) * | 1991-07-01 | 1993-08-31 | Namic U.S.A. Corporation | Method for manufacturing a soft tip catheter |
FR2700727B1 (fr) * | 1993-01-27 | 1995-03-10 | Cebal | Procédé de fabrication d'un tube à paroi contenant plus de 60% de matière plastique et ayant une jupe et une tête retreinte, et tube correspondant. |
US5868170A (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1999-02-09 | Simona Ag | Axial interlock system for fluid containment system having inner and outer conduits |
US5690769A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1997-11-25 | T-Systems International | Method for splicing drip irrigation hoses using splicing means internal to the hoses |
US6090233A (en) | 1998-05-01 | 2000-07-18 | Drip Tape Manufacturers & Engineers, Inc. | Irrigation hose splice and method of making same |
US6289912B1 (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2001-09-18 | Fluoroware, Inc. | Pinch element plastic valve |
US6781099B2 (en) | 2001-03-12 | 2004-08-24 | Karl-Heinz Krah Gmbh | Electrofusion socket forming system |
CA2404575C (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2008-10-21 | Karel Bostik | Method of joining coiled sucker rod in the field |
JP4771304B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-15 | 2011-09-14 | 株式会社フジキン | 合成樹脂製管状部材同士の溶着方法およびその装置 |
FR2963654B1 (fr) * | 2010-08-06 | 2013-12-13 | Saipem Sa | Conduite comportant un chemisage interne et un manchon tubulaire de jonction en matiere plastique |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2815308A (en) * | 1954-08-26 | 1957-12-03 | Robinson Mfg Inc | Method of making a composite sheet |
-
1973
- 1973-11-27 NL NL7316221.A patent/NL157234B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1974
- 1974-11-19 GB GB50104/74A patent/GB1492547A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-11-19 ZA ZA00747394A patent/ZA747394B/xx unknown
- 1974-11-19 IE IE2374/74A patent/IE40415B1/xx unknown
- 1974-11-22 US US05/526,417 patent/US3998682A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-11-23 DE DE2455603A patent/DE2455603C3/de not_active Expired
- 1974-11-25 CA CA214,498A patent/CA1032457A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-11-25 AT AT0944574A patent/AT368064B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-11-25 NO NO744223A patent/NO141924C/no unknown
- 1974-11-26 BE BE150838A patent/BE822578A/xx unknown
- 1974-11-26 FR FR7438758A patent/FR2252190B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-11-26 DK DK614274AA patent/DK137488B/da unknown
- 1974-11-26 IT IT29818/74A patent/IT1025998B/it active
- 1974-11-26 DD DD182579A patent/DD116791A5/xx unknown
- 1974-11-27 CH CH1570374A patent/CH620858A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-11-27 FI FI3437/74A patent/FI58884C/fi active
- 1974-11-27 SE SE7414887A patent/SE406560B/xx unknown
- 1974-11-27 BR BR9929/74A patent/BR7409929A/pt unknown
- 1974-11-27 PL PL1974175956A patent/PL95620B1/pl unknown
- 1974-11-27 JP JP13563174A patent/JPS551905B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-11-27 CS CS7400008116A patent/CS181279B2/cs unknown
- 1974-11-27 ES ES432592A patent/ES432592A1/es not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-02-14 IN IN284/CAL/75A patent/IN142449B/en unknown
-
1976
- 1976-09-16 ES ES452250A patent/ES452250A1/es not_active Expired
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