PL95620B1 - Sposob zgrzewania powierzchni poliolefinow i do stosowania tego sposobu - Google Patents

Sposob zgrzewania powierzchni poliolefinow i do stosowania tego sposobu Download PDF

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Publication number
PL95620B1
PL95620B1 PL1974175956A PL17595674A PL95620B1 PL 95620 B1 PL95620 B1 PL 95620B1 PL 1974175956 A PL1974175956 A PL 1974175956A PL 17595674 A PL17595674 A PL 17595674A PL 95620 B1 PL95620 B1 PL 95620B1
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
heating
temperature
pressure
polyethylene
pipes
Prior art date
Application number
PL1974175956A
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English (en)
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Publication of PL95620B1 publication Critical patent/PL95620B1/pl

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/12—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating work of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror
    • B29C65/2015—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror being a single welding mirror comprising several separate heating surfaces in different planes, e.g. said heating surfaces having different temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B29C66/52292—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73115—Melting point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73115—Melting point
    • B29C66/73116—Melting point of different melting point, i.e. the melting point of one of the parts to be joined being different from the melting point of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7312—Rheological properties
    • B29C66/73121—Viscosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91212—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • B29C66/91413—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account the parts to be joined having different temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B29C66/91423—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools using joining tools having different temperature zones or using several joining tools with different temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91431—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being kept constant over time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B29C66/91931—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/91933—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined higher than said fusion temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/922—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/959—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables
    • B29C66/9592—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. X-Y diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/962—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process using proportional controllers, e.g. PID controllers [proportional–integral–derivative controllers]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2905/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as mould material
    • B29K2905/02—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób zgrzewania powierzchni przedmiotów z polimerów paliolefino- wych z zastosowaniem [nacisku, polegajacy ma ogrza¬ niu spajanych powierzchni da temperatury topnie¬ nia polimeru uzytego do wyrobu przedmiotu oraz urzadzenie do stosowania fteigo sposobu.Powszechnie znamy i stosowany .sposób zgrzewa¬ nia polega na tym, ze powierzchnie laczonych przedmiotów zwlaszcza rur wykonanych z tego sa¬ mego tworzywa, ogrzewa slie do temperatury wyz¬ szej od temperatury topnienia poMmeru i dociska¬ jac ogrzane powierzchnie tworzy siie zlacza. Woda tego sposobu jest to, ze iw przypadku spajania przedmi'otów wykonanych z materialów o róznych charakterystykach topnienia /i plyniecia otrzy¬ muje sie zlacza o niewystarczajacej wytrzymalosci.Dotychczas w celu stopienia laczonych powierzch¬ ni stosowano pojedynczy element grzejmy wytwa¬ rzajacy jednorodna temperature, w której zgrze¬ wane ipoliolefiiny o róznych wskaznikach plyniecia wykazywaly odmienne zachowanie.Podiolefiiny o odmiennych wlasciwosciach moga byc charakteryzowane jednoznacznie przy pomo¬ cy wskazników plyniecia okreslanych przez pomiar ilosci cieklego polimeru wyrazonej w gramach, przeplywajacej w ciagu 10 minut przez otwór o okreslonych wymiarach, w okreslonej temperatu¬ rze, pod okreslonym Cisnieniem. Ze wzrostem cis¬ nienia wzrasta szybkosc wyplywu, jednakze nie ob¬ serwuje sie prostoliniowej zaleznosci pomiedzy ilos- 2 cia wyplywajacego polimeru w ciagu 10 minut i cis¬ nieniem.Ze wzgledu na zlozona zaleznosc pomiedzy tem¬ peratura, lepkoscia, wskaznikiem plyniecia a cis- nieniiem, mie jest mozliwe uzyskanie za pomoca zna- inych sposobów, zadowalajacego polaczenia po¬ wierzchni przedmiotów wytworzonych z polimerów o róznych wskaznikach plyniecia.Celem wynalazku bylo opracowanie latwego spo- io sobu, analogicznego do znanych dotychczas, wytwa¬ rzania trwalych polaczen polimerów o róznej cha¬ rakterystyce (plyniecia. Cel ten osiagnieto dobiera¬ jac waron/ki procesu zgrzewania przedmiotów z tiworzytw o róznych wskaznikach plyniecia tak aby zachowainie obu stapianych materialów bylo diden- tyczne w imotmenoie tworzenia polaczenia.Stoisujac te metode osiaga sie calkowita fuzje sto¬ pionych materialów przez co zlacze jest szczególnie trwale pomimo ze zgrzewane poliolefiiny maja od- mienna charakterystyke. Sposób ten jest szczegól- nlie korzystny w przypadku zgrzewania doczolowego rur z poJiiolefin, gdy jedna z rur wykonana jest z polimeru o bardzo wysokim wskazniku plynie¬ cia, zas druga z polimeru bairdzo miskim wskazniku plyniecia.Z posród ipoliolefin, na szczególna uwage zaslu¬ guja polietylen i ipolipropylen, i chociaz w dalszej czesci oipisu omawiane sa glównie rury polietyle¬ nowe, przedmiot wynalazku nie ogranicza sie do tego szczególnego rodzaju polimerów. 9562095620 Uzyty powyzej termin — charakterystyka plynie¬ cia Oznacza ilosc polimeru, która wyplywa iw okre¬ slonym czasie, przy okreslonym nacisku podczas kontaktu .polimeru z ogrzana powierzchnia o okre¬ slonej temperaturze.Charakterystyke plyniecia iruir wykonanych z po- liioilefin okresla sie w nastepujacy sposób: rure z polietylenu o okreslonej grubosci, scianek ii okres¬ lonej srednicy oraz ciezarze umieszcza sie prosto- paidle ma ogrzewanej plycie.Pod (Wplywem ciepla czesc rury polietylenowej ulega sitopieaiiiu i pod wplywem ciezaru wlasnego rury, z ewentualnym dodatkowym obciazeniem, sto- piony matteriiaA wyplywa. Ilosc stolpionego materialu ipo^na^ojD^ozyc ^itocetslaijac wewnetrzna i zewnetrz- i|a srednice rury ^ortaiz zmniejszenie jej dlugosci.Rysunki fig. 3 14 przedstawiaja wykresy zalez.W} *tefciOifego imateriialu przy okreslonym czasie iw zaleznosci od tem- penaltury plyty, której rury polietylenowe, sa do¬ ciskane.Rysunek fig. 3 przedstawia te zaleznosc dla ma¬ terialu A, izas rysunek fig. 4 mateniilaitu B.Q oznacza lilosc materialu polietylenowego stopio¬ nego przy nacisku 10,5 kg, przy ternperialtiurze T.P — ozmiacizia maaiisik powodujacy stapianie 1 wy¬ plywanie materialu ,r)ofllolefin|owego.Powyzsze wiellkosioi moga byc przedstawione w formie wykresu — fig. 5 — przedstawiajacego za¬ leznosc pomdedizy temperatura irnaterlialu A i tem¬ peratura materialu B, w których ulegaija stopieniu jediniaikpiwe (ilosci ofbu materialów. Krzywa wykre¬ su — fig. 5 ograniczona jest Od s/brony nizszych temperatur, temperatura topnienia poMolefiin zas od strony wyzszych temperatur — temperatura roz¬ kladu.Fumklty ina iknzywej odpowiadaja temperaturze TA jiednego materialu ii temperaturze TB drugiego ma- teniadu, w których oba stopione materialy osiagaja te sama lepkosc, zapewniajaca dobra fuizje zgrze¬ wanych materialów i w imezultaicie trwale, doskonale polaczenie.Na wykresach fig. 3 i fig. 4 linie /przerywanie oznaczaja zaleznoisci uzyskane przy zmieniajacym sie nacdislku na badane rury polietylenowe w trak¬ cie otonatczainia 'Charakterystyki plyniecia.Przy inacislku mniejszym niz P1 tj. przy nacisku P8 i P4 mniej materialu ulegnie stopieniu i wyply¬ nieciu, ,przy nacisku wiekszym niz P1 tj. przy na¬ cisku Pt i P2 wiecej materialu ulegnie stopieniiu i wyplynieciu.Wylkres przedstawiony na rysunku fig. 5 odpo¬ wiada- wiec scisle okresllonemu inaciskowi wywiera¬ nemu ma rure z tworzywa sztucznego /w czasie kon¬ taktowania z ogrzewaina plyta, przy ozym podana zaleznosc dotyczy zwlaszcza nur polietylenowycih.Korzystajac z uprzednio przygotowanego wykresu typu przedstawionego nia rysunku fig. 5 mozna w latwy sposób wybrac korzystne temperatury, do których .nalezy 'doprowadzic powierzchnie zgrzewa- nych przedmiotów .wykonanych z dwu .róznych ro¬ dzajów materialów poMolefinowych A i B w celu uzyskania trwalego polaczenia.W zalaczonej tablicy 1 przedstawiono zaleznosc pomiedzy temperatura a ilos/cia stopionego materia¬ lu dla dwóch róznych polimerów polietylenowych, z których jeden w temperaturze 190°C i przy na¬ cisiku 5 kg ma wskaznik plyniecia równy 0,3 zas drugi — wskaznik plyniecia równy 1,1, przy czym olba wskazriiki oznaczono wedlug norm DIN.Kazda z powierzchni poddawanych zgrzewaniu korzystnie ogrzewa sie przez jednakowe okresy cza¬ su poczatkowo' przy odpowiednim nacisku w okre¬ slanej temperaturze, a nastepnie ponownie lecz bez nacisku.Talki sposób powadzenia zgrzewania jest korzyst¬ ny z tego wzgledu, ze uzyskuje sie znalezna ilosc stopionych .materialów wykorzystywana do utwo¬ rzenia trwalego zlacza. . 15 Oznaczenie charakterystyki plyniecia dwóch róz¬ nych polietylenów: .materialu A o wskazniku ply¬ niecia 0,3 i materialu B O: wskazniku plyniecia 1,1 oznaczonych wedlug norm DIN w temperatuirze 1©0°C i cisnieniu 5 kg/om2.Rury o tej samej srednicy, grulbosci scianek i dlu¬ gosci umieszczono na plycie grzejnej, na której oznaaza sie wielkosc -wyplywu, z którego oblicza s-ie Mosc wycisnietego materialu.W tablicy podano równiez czas po którym ma- tenial zaczyna topniec.Zgrzewane powierzchnie zazwyczaj ogrzewa sie do temperatury o 40—150°C wyzszej od ich tempe¬ ratury topnienia, zas w przypadku zgrzewania do¬ czolowego rur wystarczy ogrzeac je do temperatu- ry o 50—90°C wyzej od ich temperatury topnienia.W praktyce okazalo sie, ze korzystnie jest ogrzac powierachniie rury ipoflliolefiriioweij o wyzszym wska¬ zniku plyniecia do temperatury o 30—5'0°C nizszej od temperatury (powierzchni drugiej ize zgrzewanych 55 rur poliolefinowych o nizszym wskazniku plynie¬ cia.Przedmiotem wynalazku jest równiez urzadzenie do stosowania sposobu wedlug wynalazku posiiada- jaoe chwytaki i wyposazenie do osiowania zgrze- 40 wanych przedmiotów pozwalajace na stosunkowo róznorodne usytuowanie wzgledem siebie dwóch zgrzewanych czesci, urzadzenie grzewcze, przy czym urzadzenie to wyróznia sie tym, ze posliada dwa czlony grzejne nliezaileznie zasilane. 45 Urzadzenie zapewnia mozliwosc równoczesnego ogrzewania do róznych temperatur obu zgrzewa^ nych przedmiotów wytworzonyoh z paliolefiin o róz¬ nych charakterystykach topnienia i plyniecia, na przy(klad mozna ogrzac odpowiednio polietylen o 50 wysdkim d nislkim wskazniku plyniecia do tempe¬ ratur 200°C i 220°C.Na ogól w przypadku zgrzewania doczolowego rur z .polietylenu oi wysokim i niisikiim wskazniku plyniecia powammo stiosioiwac siie róznice temperatur 55 równa 30—40°C, co przykladowo, mozna osiagnac ogrzewajac jedna z powierzchni do ternperatury 180°C zas idruga do temperatury i215°C, przy czym w przypadku zgrzewania materialów polietyleno¬ wych temperatura obu zgrzewanych czesci powin^ 60 na iprzekraczac 160°C a, kolrzysfonie 170°C.Oba iniezaleznie zasilane czloiny grzejine sa sikon- struowane w ten sposób, ze tworza calosc przy czym rozdzielone sa warstwa izolujaca.Szczególnie ikorzystne jest istosowamie dwóch czlo- 6s nów grzejnych o proporiojonailnej regulatcji tempe^95620 Tablica 1 Temperatu¬ ra plyty °C Ozas do irozpocze- oia topnie¬ nia sekun¬ dy * Matenial A 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 48 29 28 26 22 12 13 Material B 170 180 190 200 210 " 220 | 230 37 26 24 13 12 Wycisniety material w om3 po 60 sekundach 0,04 0,27 0,51 0,64 0,86 1,28 1,55 0,27 0,66 0,98 1,21 1,64 2,15 2,29 Dalsizy czas ogrze¬ walnia obliczony od poczatku grza¬ nia przy na«isku 0,5 kg w którym wyciska sie dal¬ sza ilosc imaiteria- lu uzysikama po zastapieniu na¬ cisku 10,5 kg na¬ ciskiem 0,5 kg po jednej mkiucie grzania przy cis¬ nieniu calkowi- tym P = 10,5 kg/cm2 160 105 86 68 70 45 95 65 53 40 28 23 12 Wycisniety matenial w cm3 po 90 sekundach dalszego grzania ** — — 0,02 ,07 0,08 0,30 0,42 — 0,09 0,22 0,37 0,57 0,80 | 0,95 Charakte¬ rystyka plyniecia 0,04 0,27 0,53 0,71 0,94 1,58 1,97 0,27 0,75 1,20 1,58 2,21 2,95 | 3,24 * P — calkowite ** P — calkowite ,5 kg 0,5 kg, które stosowano po 1 minucie grzania przy cis¬ nieniu 10,5 kg, co stanowilo poczatek dalszego ciagu grzainia. ratury elementów grzejnych, z naistawieniem ogrze¬ wania idio pozadanej temperatury. Stosuje sie czlo¬ ny grzejine wykonane z aluminium, w które wto^ pione sa elementy grzejne.Ksztalt czlofna grzejinego dostosowuje slie do kislztailtu zgrzewanych elementów i ta|k np. laczac dwa konce irur metoda zgrzewania doozoloiwego stosuje sie plafsfcie czlony grzejne, zais iczlony grzej¬ ne w ipostaci oslon stosuje sie w przypadku zgrze¬ wania elementów typu rowka i wypustu.Kazdy czlon grzejmy korzystnie powinien byc wy¬ posazony w czujnik temperatury.Przedmiot wynalazku jest ponizej szczególowo wyjasniony w powolaniu nia zalaczony rysiumek przedstawiajacy urzadzenie wedlug wynalazku.Na rysunku fig. 1 przedistaiwiono urzadzenie we¬ dlug wynalazku do zgrzewania doczolowego rur wykonanych z róznych materialów poMiolefinowych.Rysunek fig. 2 przedstawia urzadzenie wedlug wynalazku do zgrzewania rur o róznych sredni¬ cach.Przedstawione ma rysunku urzadlzenie sklada sie z ramy 1 .polaczonej z prowadnicami 2 i 3 rur polioiefinowych 4 poddawanych zgrzewaniu. Obie 45 50 55 60 65 prowadnice 2 i 3 lub tylko jedina z nich moze sie poruszac ruchem posuwliisto-ziwrotnym.Pomiedzy prOwadiniioami 2 i 3 umieszczone jest urzadzenie grzewcze 5 zbudowane z dwóch luster grzewczych 6 i 7 rozdzielonych warstwa izolacyjna 8. Lustra grzewcze 6 i 7 wykonane sa z aluminium i wyposazone sa w wewnetrzne obwody grzejnie i czujnik temperatury 9 wspólpracujacy ze zródla-. mi zasilania 10 i lOa Obwodów grzejnych 11 i Ha.Urzadzenie moze ewentualnie dodatkowo zawie¬ rac tarcze z nozami skrawajacymi (nie przedsta¬ wione ma rysunkach) do oczyszczania koncówek zgrzewanych rur 4.Lustra grzewcze 6 i 7 moga byc przylkladoiwo ogrzewame przy pomocy obwodów grzejtnych do dwóch róznych temperatur, wybranych zgodnie z danymi zawartymi w tablicy 1.Na przyklad material „a" dociska slie pnzez 1 mi¬ nute do lustra grzewczego o temperaturze 210°C przy czym calkowity nacisk wynosi 10,5 kg.Po 1 minucie nacisk zmniejsza sie do €,5 kg i ogrzewanie kontynuuje sie przez nastepna minute.Wskaznik plyniecia materialu A w takich warun¬ kach wynosi 1,58.95620 8 Chcac uzyskac taki saim wskaznik plyniecia ma¬ terialu B, zgodnie z danymi tafbiicy 1 nalezy ma¬ terial B ogrzac ido temperatury nizszej mdz 200°C.Po 2 mimitaich urzadziemie grzewcze usuwa sie a konce izgrzewainych doczolowo rur dociska sie (Wza¬ jemnie przy czyim calkowity naicisk wyrfcsi nip. 8 tog.Lustoo grzewcze moze byc ewentualnie powleczo¬ ne warstwa teflonu 14, tw celu zabe^iecaeniia przed przyklejaniem sie do niego zgrzewanych powierz¬ chni polietylenowych. Jak podano powyzej, urza¬ dzenie grzewcze usuwa sie po osiagnieciu przez oba izgrzewaine elementy w tym samym icaasde okre¬ slonych luprzednio temperatur, po azyim koncówki rur poftiodefinowyah dociskane sa wzajemnie. W ostatniej fazie wymagany jesit nacisk 0,7—0,0 kg/cm2.Nacilsik wywierany jest przez odpowiednie przesu- rLiecde prowadindlcy 2 za pomoca dzwigni 12 zakon¬ czonej rozwaidleirii^im 13, przy czym rozwidlenie to obejmuje rure 4.W górnej czesci stojaka 16 zamocowana jest za pomoca gwintowanej sruby liina naciagowa 15. Po<- kretlo 17 sluzy do regulowania sily wywieranej na dzwignie 12 przewazonej przez linie 15.Urzadzenie .zaopatrzone jest równiez w miernJiJk ' 18 sluzacy do bezposredniego odczytywania sily, re¬ gulowanej za pomoca pokretla 17 wywieranej oa dzwignie 12.Dzwignia 12 moze byc równiez wykorzystana w procesie stapiania pozadanej iitasci maiterialu przez dociskanie konców rur do lustra grzewczego. Po uplywie okreslonego czasu, tnactisk mozna zredulko- wac lub usunac calkowicie, równoczesnie konty¬ nuujac ogrzewanie, az do uzyskania wiekszej ilosci stopionego matertiialu poiLMefinolwego.Do laczenia rur o róznych srednicach stosuje sie urzadzenie przedstawione ma rysunku fig. 2. Urza¬ dzenie sklada sie z cylindra grzewczego 21, który ogrzewa wewnejteama strone 22 kolnierza 23 przy czym drugi czlon grzewczy 24 jest talk skonstruo¬ wany, ze jego wewnetrzna powierzchnia cylindrycz¬ na ogrzewa1 zewnetrzna warstwe 27 wypustu 28.Po osiagnieciu dostatecznego stopnia stopienia po- wierzchfoi elementów (zgrzewanych i doprowadzeniu ich do pozadanych temperatur usuwa sde iunzadize- mie grzewcze a .przy pomocy urzadzen pomooni- czych, takich jak przedsibawione ma rysunku fig. 1, opisanym powyzej, wprowadza sie wypust 28 do kolnierza 23ri:2girzewa stosujac odpowiedni nacisk w sposób" uprzednio opisany.Zgrzewane koflmderz i wypust wykonane byly z materialów A i B wymienionych w .tablicy. Mate¬ rial A ogrzewano do tempera/tury 215°C zas ma¬ terial B do temperatury 180°C.Zgrzewanie przeprowadzono stosujac nacisk 0,7— 0,9 ktg/icm2. PL PL PL PL PL

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1.
PL1974175956A 1973-11-27 1974-11-27 Sposob zgrzewania powierzchni poliolefinow i do stosowania tego sposobu PL95620B1 (pl)

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NL7316221.A NL157234B (nl) 1973-11-27 1973-11-27 Werkwijze en inrichting voor het aan elkaar lassen van twee polyalkeenkunststofvoorwerpen, alsmede aan elkaar gelaste voorwerpen verkregen volgens deze werkwijze.

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GB1596112A (en) 1978-03-31 1981-08-19 British Gas Corp Pipe coupling and a method for assembling the coupling
JPS52168967U (pl) * 1976-06-15 1977-12-21
CS199377B1 (en) * 1977-05-13 1980-07-31 Valter Boehm Connecting method of at least two ceramic materials
JPS5584250A (en) * 1978-12-16 1980-06-25 Nippon Sanso Kk Production of mold
JPS57140119A (en) * 1981-02-26 1982-08-30 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Nozzle of hot-air welder for bonding different resin members
JPS60174631A (ja) * 1985-01-17 1985-09-07 Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Ltd バット溶着装置
US5007767A (en) * 1985-03-25 1991-04-16 British Gas Corporation Method for joining polyolefin pipes by fusion
JPS62107177U (pl) * 1985-12-26 1987-07-08
GB2214863B (en) * 1988-02-19 1991-09-04 British Gas Plc Joining polyolefinic members by fusion
US5240537A (en) * 1991-07-01 1993-08-31 Namic U.S.A. Corporation Method for manufacturing a soft tip catheter
FR2700727B1 (fr) * 1993-01-27 1995-03-10 Cebal Procédé de fabrication d'un tube à paroi contenant plus de 60% de matière plastique et ayant une jupe et une tête retreinte, et tube correspondant.
US5868170A (en) * 1993-04-09 1999-02-09 Simona Ag Axial interlock system for fluid containment system having inner and outer conduits
US5690769A (en) * 1995-08-21 1997-11-25 T-Systems International Method for splicing drip irrigation hoses using splicing means internal to the hoses
US6090233A (en) 1998-05-01 2000-07-18 Drip Tape Manufacturers & Engineers, Inc. Irrigation hose splice and method of making same
US6289912B1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2001-09-18 Fluoroware, Inc. Pinch element plastic valve
US6781099B2 (en) 2001-03-12 2004-08-24 Karl-Heinz Krah Gmbh Electrofusion socket forming system
CA2404575C (en) * 2002-09-23 2008-10-21 Karel Bostik Method of joining coiled sucker rod in the field
RU2228845C1 (ru) * 2002-11-26 2004-05-20 ЗАО Медико-технологический холдинг "МТХ" Способ соединения разнотолщинных деталей из полимерных материалов
JP4771304B2 (ja) * 2005-04-15 2011-09-14 株式会社フジキン 合成樹脂製管状部材同士の溶着方法およびその装置
FR2963654B1 (fr) * 2010-08-06 2013-12-13 Saipem Sa Conduite comportant un chemisage interne et un manchon tubulaire de jonction en matiere plastique

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BE822578A (fr) 1975-05-26
IN142449B (pl) 1977-07-09
DK137488B (da) 1978-03-13
DK137488C (pl) 1978-08-28
IE40415B1 (en) 1979-05-23
FI58884C (fi) 1981-05-11
DE2455603C3 (de) 1978-06-01
BR7409929A (pt) 1976-05-25
ZA747394B (en) 1975-12-31
DE2455603A1 (de) 1975-05-28
ES432592A1 (es) 1977-03-01
AT368064B (de) 1982-09-10
GB1492547A (en) 1977-11-23
NL7316221A (nl) 1975-05-29
NO141924C (no) 1984-02-03
CA1032457A (en) 1978-06-06
JPS551905B2 (pl) 1980-01-17
DD116791A5 (pl) 1975-12-12
DE2455603B2 (de) 1977-01-27
ATA944574A (de) 1982-01-15
US3998682A (en) 1976-12-21
FI343774A7 (pl) 1975-05-28
AU7571174A (en) 1976-05-27
DK614274A (pl) 1975-07-28
FR2252190B1 (pl) 1977-03-25
SE406560B (sv) 1979-02-19
NO744223L (pl) 1975-06-23
CH620858A5 (pl) 1980-12-31
NL157234B (nl) 1978-07-17
JPS5085680A (pl) 1975-07-10
FI58884B (fi) 1981-01-30
SE7414887L (pl) 1975-05-28
NO141924B (no) 1980-02-25
ES452250A1 (es) 1977-11-01
IT1025998B (it) 1978-08-30
CS181279B2 (en) 1978-03-31
FR2252190A1 (pl) 1975-06-20

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