FI58051C - ABSORBER STRUCTURE WITH AVSMALNANDE KAPILLARER - Google Patents
ABSORBER STRUCTURE WITH AVSMALNANDE KAPILLARER Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI58051C FI58051C FI753610A FI753610A FI58051C FI 58051 C FI58051 C FI 58051C FI 753610 A FI753610 A FI 753610A FI 753610 A FI753610 A FI 753610A FI 58051 C FI58051 C FI 58051C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- absorbent
- tapered
- liquid
- capillaries
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003182 Surlyn® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000896760 Nemoura Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007666 vacuum forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
- A61F13/512—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F2013/15008—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterized by the use
- A61F2013/15048—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterized by the use for protection against contamination, or protection in using body disinfecting wipes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
- A61F13/513—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability
- A61F2013/51355—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability for improving fluid flow
- A61F2013/51372—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability for improving fluid flow with valve or valve-like upper layer; Tapered capillary structures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F2013/53765—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterized by its geometry
- A61F2013/53782—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterized by its geometry with holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2555/00—Personal care
- B32B2555/02—Diapers or napkins
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Description
ΓΓ-..1·"-"! . . .... KUULUTUSJULKAISU _ Λ Λ _ .ΓΓ - .. 1 · "-"! . . .... ADVERTISEMENT _ Λ Λ _.
Β (11) UTLÄGGNINGSSKRIFT 5 80 5 1 e^M^v* C (45) i::-tc:,’,vi ·ν ,· υν. '/ .0 o- ' Ο (51) K».ik.3/»nt.a.3 A 41 Β 13/02 · SUOMI —FiN LAND (21) P«t*nttll«k#iwi· — PatMtaiwSIcnlnf 753610 (22) Hak«ml»pllvt — An*ttknlng»d«f 19.12.75 ^ ^ (23) Alkupttvi—Giltlgh«tad«t 19.12.75 (41) Tulkit julkis· k*) — Bllvlt offamllg 21 06 76Β (11) UTLÄGGNINGSSKRIFT 5 80 5 1 e ^ M ^ v * C (45) i :: - tc:, ’, vi · ν, · υν. '/ .0 o-' Ο (51) K ».ik.3 /» nt.a.3 A 41 Β 13/02 · ENGLISH —FiN LAND (21) P «t * nttll« k # iwi · - PatMtaiwSIcnlnf 753610 (22) Hak «ml» pllvt - An * ttknlng »d« f 19.12.75 ^ ^ (23) Alkupttvi — Giltlgh «tad« t 19.12.75 (41) Tulkit julkis · k *) - Bllvlt offamllg 21 06 76
Pstenttl· )· rekisterihallitus (44) NMrtMWpwen,. kuuLjuik^un prm.-Pstenttl ·) · Registry Board (44) NMrtMWpwen ,. kuLjuik ^ un prm.-
Patent- och registerstyrelsen Ansakin uttagd och utUkrHUn put>Uc«nd 29.08.80 (32)(33)(31) l*]ryd«tty «tuolkwt —Begird pdorltst 20.12.7*+ USA(US) 535 003 (71) The Procter & Gamble Company, 301 East Sixth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio ^5202, USA(US) (72) Hugh Ansley Thompson, Fairfield, Ohio, USA(US) (7*0 Oy Kolster Ab (5*+) Suippenevia kapillaareja omaava absorboiva rakenne - Absorberande struktur med avsmalnande kapillarer Tämä keksintö kohdistuu päällysteisiin absorboivia esineitä kuten vaippoja, terveyssiteitä, lääkeliinoja, vuodetyynyjä, vuototyynyjä, pyyhkeitä, siteitä ja vastaavia varten ja tarkemmin sanottuna absorboiviin rakenteisiin, jotka sallivat nesteen kulkemisen vapaasti absorboivan esineen sisäosaan, mutta jotka estävät nesteen vastakkaissuuntaisen liikkumisen. Päällyste on osa absorboivaa välinettä peittäen absorboivan osan toisen pinnan ja koskettaen eräissä sovellutuksissa absorboivaa välinettä käyttävän henkilön ihoa.Patent and Registration Office Ansakin uttagd och utUkrHUn put> Uc «nd 29.08.80 (32) (33) (31) l *] Ryd« tty «tuolkwt —Begird pdorltst 20.12.7 * + USA (US) 535 003 (71) The Procter & Gamble Company, 301 East Sixth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio ^ 5202, USA (72) Hugh Ansley Thompson, Fairfield, Ohio, USA (7 * 0 Oy Kolster Ab (5 * +) Converging Capillaries This invention relates to coatings for absorbent articles such as diapers, sanitary napkins, drapes, bed pads, bleed pads, towels, bandages and the like, and more particularly to absorbent structures which allow the liquid to flow freely The coating is part of the absorbent device, covering the second surface of the absorbent portion and, in some applications, contacting the skin of the person using the absorbent device.
Absorboiva välineet ovat valmistusartikkeleita, jotka on suunniteltu kehosta poistuvan nesteen vastaanottamiseksi ja säilyttämiseksi absorboivan välineen absorboivaan osaan.Absorbent means are articles of manufacture designed to receive and retain fluid exiting the body in the absorbent portion of the absorbent means.
Absorboivat välineet kuten pyyhkeet, terveyspyyhkeet, terveyssiteet, vuo-detyynyt, vuototyynyt, pyyheliinat, siteet ja vastaavat ovat kaupallisia artikkeleita. Viime aikoina kertakäyttöiset* hävitettävät absorboivat välineet ovat huomattavassa määrässä korvanneet kestokäyttöiset absorboivat välineet, jotka on tarkoitettu pestäviksi ja käytettäviksi uudelleen. Vaikka tämän keksinnön mukaista absorboivaa rakennetta voidaan käyttää uudelleen käytettävien absorboivien välineiden kanssa, on se käyttökelpoisin kertakäyttöisten 2 S8051 absorboivien välineiden kanssa ja tarkastellaan sitä tässä yhteydessä.Absorbent articles such as towels, sanitary napkins, sanitary napkins, bleed pads, bleed pads, towels, bandages and the like are commercial articles. Recently, disposable * disposable absorbent articles have significantly replaced durable absorbent articles intended to be washed and reused. Although the absorbent structure of the present invention can be used with reusable absorbent means, it is most useful with disposable 2 S8051 absorbent means and will be considered in this context.
Kertakäyttöiset absorboivat välineet, jotka muodostuvat absorboivasta tyynystä päällysteen peittäminä, ovat hyvin tunnettuja. Absorboivan välineen ulkopuolen peittäminen nestettä läpäisemättömällä takasivulla estämään absorboituneiden nesteiden vuoto absorboivasta välineestä ja vaatetuksen, vuodevaatteiden jne. likaantuminen on myös hyvin tunnettua. Kertakäyttöisen absorboivan välineen absorboiva tyynyosa voi olla hyvin tunnettuja materiaaleja kuten rypytettyä selluloosavanua, ilmavaa huopaa tai vastaavaa ainetta. Nestettä läpäisemätön takasivu voi muodostua jostakin alalla hyvin tunnetuista erilaisista materiaaleista kuten polyteeni-kalvosta.Disposable absorbent devices consisting of an absorbent pad covered with a coating are well known. The absorbent means the outside of the covering to prevent the liquid-impermeable rear side of the leakage of absorbed liquids from the absorbent means and clothing, bedding etc. fouling is also well known in the art. The absorbent pad portion of the disposable absorbent device may be made of well-known materials such as crumpled cellulose wadding, airy felt, or the like. The liquid-impermeable backsheet may be formed of a variety of materials well known in the art, such as a polyethylene film.
Eräs absorboivan tavanomaisen välineen pääepäkohdista on ihon maseroi-tuminen, mikä johtuu pitkäaikaisesta kosketuksesta absorboidun nesteen kanssa. Eräs erikoisen yleinen tunnusmerkki tästä maseroitumisesta on yleisesti esiintyvä vaippatulehdus lasten takapuolessa. Pitkittyneestä nesteen kosketuksesta ihon kanssa aiheutuneen vaikutuksen vähentämiseksi on valmistettu absorboivia välineitä, joiden kehoa koskettava päällyste on suunniteltu sellaiseksi, että pinta on enemmän tai vähemmän kuiva. Esimerkiksi USA-patentissa 3 327 623» julkaissut Johnson 1. maaliskuuta 1966, on esitetty, että hydrofobinen materiaali vaipan haara-alueella poistaa kosteuden lapsen iholta, jolloin muodostuu oleellisesti kuiva kosketuspinta lapsen ihon kanssa. USA-patentissa, julkaisseet Duncan et ai. 31· tammikuuta 1967» on esitetty huokoisen, hydrofobisen, kutomattoman kankaan käyttämistä päällysteenä. USA-patentissa 2 916 037» julkaissut Hansen 8. joulukuuta 1939» on myös esitetty kutomattoman päällysteen käyttöä.One of the main features of a conventional absorbent device is the maceration of the skin due to prolonged contact with the absorbed fluid. One particularly common hallmark of this maceration is the common occurrence of diaperitis in the back of children. To reduce the effect of prolonged contact of the liquid with the skin, absorbent devices have been made with a body-contacting coating designed to make the surface more or less dry. For example, U.S. Patent 3,327,623, published by Johnson on March 1, 1966, discloses that a hydrophobic material in the crotch region removes moisture from a child's skin, forming a substantially dry contact surface with the child's skin. In a U.S. patent, Duncan et al. 31 · January 1967 »discloses the use of a porous, hydrophobic, nonwoven fabric as a coating. U.S. Patent 2,916,037 »published by Hansen on December 8, 1939» also discloses the use of a nonwoven coating.
USA-patentti 3 814 101, julkaissut Kozak 4· kesäkuuta 1974» käsittelee märän päällysteen probleemaa hieman hydrofobisista kutomattomista materiaaleista poikkeavalla tavalla. Kozak ehdottaa kuiduttoman hydrofobisen kalvon käyttämistä päällysteenä, johon on muodostettu useita läppämäisiä rakoja, jotka estävät nesteen virtaamisen pois välineen imukykyisestä osasta.U.S. Patent 3,814,101, issued to Kozak on June 4, 1974, addresses the problem of wet coating in a manner slightly different from hydrophobic nonwoven materials. Kozak proposes to use a non-fibrous hydrophobic film as a coating in which a plurality of flap-like slits are formed to prevent fluid from flowing out of the absorbent portion of the device.
Sisson belgialaisessa patentissa 811 067, elokuu 16. 1974» jossa vaaditaan etuoikeutta USA-patenttianomukseen sarjanumero 333 110, helmikuu 16. 1973» esittää hengittävän, nestettä läpäisemättömän takasivun, jossa on revitettyjä kokoamia. Tämän reiät ovat takasivun pysymiseksi nestettä läpäisemättömänä läpimitaltaan pienempiä kuin seuraavassa esiteltävät kapillaarit.Sisson Belgian Patent 811,067, August 16, 1974, which claims priority to U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 333,110, February 16, 1973, discloses a breathable, liquid-impermeable backsheet with torn assemblies. The holes of this are smaller in diameter than the capillaries shown below in order to keep the back side impermeable to liquid.
Tämä keksintö kohdistuu absorboivaan rakenteeseen imukykyisiä välineitä kuten vaippoja, terveyspyyhkeitä, terveyssiteitä, vuodetyynyjä» vuoto-tyynyjä, siteitä ja vastaavia varten. Tämän keksinnön kohteena on siten absorboiva rakenne kehosta poistuvien nesteiden absorboimiseksi ja säilyttämiseksi, erityisesti kertakäyttövaippa, joka käsittää päällysteen, joka on tehty nestettä läpäisemättömästä aineesta ja varustettu aukoilla, absorboivan 3 58051 osan ja nestettä läpäisemättömän pohjakerroksen. Rakenteelle on tunnusomaista, että päällysteen aukot ovat muodoltaan suippenevia kapillaareja, joissa kussakin on pohja päällysteen tasossa ja huippu etäällä päällysteen tasosta ja joiden pohja-aukon mitta on 0,15-6,35 mm ja huippuaukon mitta 0,1-2,54 mm sekä suippenemiskulma 10-60°, jolloin suippenevien kapillaarien huiput ovat läheisessä kosketuksessa absorboivaan osaan.This invention relates to an absorbent structure for absorbent devices such as diapers, sanitary napkins, sanitary napkins, bed pillows, leak pillows, bandages and the like. The present invention thus relates to an absorbent structure for absorbing and retaining fluids exiting the body, in particular a disposable diaper comprising a coating made of a liquid-impermeable material and provided with openings, an absorbent portion 3,58051 and a liquid-impermeable base layer. The structure is characterized in that the coating openings are tapered capillaries, each with a base in the plane of the coating and a tip distant from the plane of the coating, with a bottom opening measuring 0.15-6.35 mm and a peak opening measuring 0.1-2.54 mm, and a taper angle of 10-60 °, with the peaks of the tapered capillaries in close contact with the absorbent portion.
Tämän keksinnön mukainen päällyste on parannus alan aikaisempiin päällysteisiin verrattuna, koska se sallii nesteiden vapaan siirtymisen kehosta välineen absorboivaan osaan estäen samalla näiden nesteiden vastakkaissuuntaisen virtauksen muodostaen täten huomattavasti kuivemman pinnan käyttäjän kanssa kosketukseen kuin aikaisemmin on saavutettu. Vaikka tarkoitettuina pääasiassa kertakäyttöä varten, kertakäyttöisissä absorboivissa välineissä kuten kertakäyttövaipoissa, tämän keksinnön mukaista absorboivaa rakennetta voidaan käyttää myös toistuvasti käytettävien, absorboivien välineiden kuten kangasvaippojen kanssa.The coating of this invention is an improvement over prior art coatings in that it allows fluids to move freely from the body to the absorbent portion of the device while preventing the reverse flow of these fluids, thus creating a significantly drier surface in contact with the wearer than previously achieved. Although intended primarily for single use, in disposable absorbent devices such as disposable diapers, the absorbent structure of this invention may also be used with reusable absorbent devices such as fabric diapers.
Täten tämän keksinnön kohteena on absorboivan rakenteen saaminen absorboivia välineitä varten, mikä rakenne sallii nesteiden vapaan siirtymisen kehosta absorboivan välineen imukykyiseen osaan estäen tehokkaasti nesteiden poistumisen imukykyisestä osasta.Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide an absorbent structure for absorbent means, which structure allows fluids to move freely from the body to the absorbent portion of the absorbent device, effectively preventing liquids from leaving the absorbent portion.
Tämän keksinnön seuraavana kohteena on päällysteen aikaansaaminen absorboivia välineitä varten, mikä päällyste muodostaa kuivemman pinnan käyttäjän ihoa vastaan kuin tähän mennessä on ollut saavutettavissa.Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating for absorbent means which provides a drier surface against the wearer's skin than has hitherto been achievable.
Tämän keksinnön seuraavana kohteena on päällysteen aikaansaaminen absorboivia välineitä varten, mikä tuntuu miellyttävältä ollessaan kosketuksessa käyttäjän ihoa vastaan.Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating for absorbent means which feels comfortable when in contact with the skin of the wearer.
Tämän keksinnön seuraavana kohteena on vielä kertakäyttövaipan aikaansaaminen, joka muodostaa kuivemman pinnan käyttäjän ihoa vastaan kuin tähän mennessä on ollut mahdollista.It is a further object of the present invention to provide a disposable diaper which forms a drier surface against the wearer's skin than has hitherto been possible.
Vaikka esitteeseen liittyy patenttivaatimukset, jotka erikoisesti kohdistuvat ja selväeti määrittävät esiteltävän keksinnön alueen, oletetaan, että keksintöä voidaan paremmin ymmärtää seuraavasta esityksestä mukaanliitet-tyihin piirroksiin viitaten, joista kuvio 1 on perspektiivikuva taivuttamättomasta kertakäyttövaipasta sen osien ollessa osaksi aukileikattuina, kuvio 2 on suurennettu perspektiivikuva tässä keksinnössä käytetystä suippenevasta kapillaarista, kuvio 3 on pystyleikkaus suippenevasta kapillaarista linjan 3-3 mukaan kuviossa 2, kuvio 4 on poikkileikkausesitys kuviossa 3 esitetystä suippenevasta kapillaarista sen ollessa kosketuksessa imukykyisen osan kanssa.Although the brochure is accompanied by claims which are particularly directed and clearly define the scope of the present invention, it is to be understood that the invention may be better understood with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of an unfolded disposable diaper with parts partially exploded; of the tapered capillary used, Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the tapered capillary taken along line 3-3 in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tapered capillary shown in Fig. 3 in contact with the absorbent member.
Seuraava tarkastelu kohdistuu pääasiassa keksinnön käyttämiseen ainutlaatuisena absorboivana rakenteena kertakäyttövaippoja varten. Vaikka tätä pidetään absorboivan rakenteen suositeltavana käyttönä, on ymmärrettävä, että 4 58051 sillä on oleellisesti käyttöä lukuisissa absorboivissa välineissä, sekä kertakäyttöisissä että uudelleen käytettävissä, kuten terveyspyyhkeissä, terveyssiteissä, vuodetyynyissä, vuototyynyissä, pyyheliinoissa, siteissä ja vastaavissa. Absorboivan rakenteen yksityiskohtainen esittely ja sen käyttö kerta-käyttövaipoiesa sallii alan asiantuntijoiden soveltaa tätä keksintöä muihin tarkoituksiin.The following discussion focuses on the use of the invention as a unique absorbent structure for disposable diapers. Although this is considered to be the preferred use of the absorbent structure, it is to be understood that 4,58051 has substantial use in a variety of absorbent articles, both disposable and reusable, such as sanitary napkins, sanitary napkins, bed pillows, bleed pillows, wipes, bandages, and the like. The detailed presentation of the absorbent structure and its use as a disposable diaper allows those skilled in the art to apply this invention to other purposes.
Kuvio 1 on psrspektilviesitys kertakäyttövaipasta taittamattomana. Useita kerroksia on leikattu auki tämän toteutuksen rakenteellisten yksityiskohtien esittämiseksi tarkemmin. Kertakäyttövaippa on merkitty yleisesti viitenumerolla 21. Tämän keksinnön mukainen uusi päällyste on merkitty numerolla 22. Kertakäyttövaipan kaksi muuta pääosaa ovat absorboiva osa tai tyyny 23 ja takapinta 24* Yleensä takapinnan 24 sivukaistaleet 25 on käännetty siten, että ne peittävät absorboivan tyynyn ja päällysteen 22 reunat· Päällyste 22 on yleensä taivutettu siten, että se peittää täydellisesti absorboivan tyynyn 23 päät. Kuviossa 1 esitetty vaipan 21 piirros on yksinkertaistettu esitys kertakäyttö-vaipasta. Tarkempi esittely kertakäyttövaipan suositeltavasta toteutuksesta sisältyy edellämainittuun USA-patenttlesltteeseen 26 151 mikä viitteenä mainittakoon.Figure 1 is a perspective view of a disposable diaper unfolded. Several layers have been cut open to show the structural details of this implementation in more detail. The disposable diaper is generally designated 21. The new coating of the present invention is designated 22. The other two main portions of the disposable diaper are an absorbent portion or pad 23 and a backsheet 24 * Generally, the side strips 25 of the backsheet 24 are turned to cover the edges of the absorbent pad and cover 22. The coating 22 is generally bent so as to completely cover the ends of the absorbent pad 23. The drawing of the diaper 21 shown in Figure 1 is a simplified representation of a disposable diaper. A more detailed description of the preferred implementation of the disposable diaper is contained in the aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 26,151, which is to be incorporated by reference.
Tämän keksinnön mukainen päällyste 22 valmistetaan nestettä läpäisemättömästä materiaalista. Sopiva esimerkki nestettä läpäisemättömästä materiaalista on pienitiheyksinen polyetyleeni, jonka paksuus on 0,0023 - 0,0031 cm. Päällyste 22 varustetaan suippenevilla kapillaareilla, kuten seuraavassa esitetään.The coating 22 of the present invention is made of a liquid impermeable material. A suitable example of a liquid impermeable material is low density polyethylene having a thickness of 0.0023 to 0.0031 cm. The coating 22 is provided with tapered capillaries, as shown below.
Suippeneva kapillaari 26 on esitetty perspektiivisesti kuviossa 2 ja sen poikkileikkaus kuviossa 3· Vaikka suippeneva kapillaari 26 on esitetty kuvioissa 2 ja 3 yleisesti katkaistuna kartiopintana, on ymmärrettävä, että jokainen yleensä suippeneva rakenne, kuten katkaistu pyramidi tai vastaava, jonka pohja on kolmiomainen, neliö tai monikulmio, kuuluukäcsinnön alueeseen, tässä esityksessä käytetään kuitenkin ympyräpohjaisia suippenevia kapillaareja yksinkertaisuuden vuoksi selvitettäessä keksinnön lukuisia etuja. On myös ymmärrettävä, että suippenevat kapillaarit voivat olla asymmetrisiä (so. toisen sivun euippenemiekulma voi poiketa toisen sivun suippenemiskulmasta) ja että suippenemiskulma voi nuttua jatkuvasti (so. käyristyä) pohjalta 30 huippuun 29· Jälkimmäisessä tapauksessa suippenemiskulma määritetään tangentin kulmana kapillaarin sivulle kohdassa, missä kärjen aukenemiemittä on pienin. Termiin suippeneva kapillaari kuuluu päällysteeseen 22 muodostettu rako, jonka pituus on pienempi kuin päällysteen 22 leveys ja jonka sivut ja pääte-kohdat suippenevat vastaavina kulmina, mitä ympyrämäisten suippenevien kapillaarien suhteen seuraavassa esitetään.The tapered capillary 26 is shown in perspective in Figure 2 and its cross-section in Figure 3. Although the tapered capillary 26 is shown in Figures 2 and 3 as a generally truncated conical surface, it is to be understood that any generally tapered structure such as a truncated pyramid or the like polygon, is within the scope of the invention, however, circular tapered capillaries are used in this presentation for simplicity in explaining the numerous advantages of the invention. It is also to be understood that the tapered capillaries may be asymmetric (i.e., the taper angle of one side may deviate from the taper angle of the other side) and that the taper angle may continuously (i.e., curve) from 30 to 29 the opening dimension is the smallest. The term tapered capillary includes a slit formed in the coating 22 that is less than the width of the coating 22 and whose sides and end points taper at angles corresponding to the following with respect to circular tapered capillaries.
5 580515 58051
Suippenemiskulma on merkitty symboolilla a kaviossa 3· Tämän keksinnön mukaisessa päällysteessä käytettäväksi sopivasuppenemiskulma on noin 10-60°.The taper angle is indicated by the symbol a in Figure 3 · The suitable taper angle for use in the coating of this invention is about 10-60 °.
Pohja-aukon mitta, edellämainittua rakoa lukuunottamatta, määritetään suippenevan kapillaarin 26 suurimman aukeamismitan mukaan päällysteen 22 tasossa. Kärjen avautumismitta, edellämainittua rakoa lukuunottamatta, määritetään suurimman aukeamismitan mukaan suippenevan kapillaarin 26 huipussa, mikä kärki eroaa päällysteen 22 tasosta. Jos suippeneva kapillaari on muodoltaan katkaistu kartiopinta, pohjan ja huipun aukeamismitat ovat vastaavasti pohjan läpimitta 2Θ ja huipun läpimitta 27· Pohjan ja kärjen lävistäjiä käytetään tämän jälkeen vaihtoehtoisesti vastaavasti pohjan aukeamismitan ja huipun aukeamismitan kanssa.The dimension of the bottom opening, with the exception of the aforementioned gap, is determined by the maximum opening dimension of the tapered capillary 26 in the plane of the coating 22. The opening dimension of the tip, with the exception of the aforementioned gap, is determined by the maximum opening dimension at the apex of the tapered capillary 26, which tip differs from the plane of the coating 22. If the tapered capillary has a truncated conical surface, the base and peak opening dimensions are base diameter 2Θ and peak diameter 27, respectively. The base and tip diagonals are then used alternatively with the base opening dimension and peak opening dimension, respectively.
Jos tämän keksinnön mukainen suippeneva kapillaari on muodoltaan rako, jonka pituus on pienempi kuin päällysteen leveys, pohjan aukeamismitta ja huipun aukeamismitta tarkoittavat raon pienintä aukeamismittaa päällysteen 22 tasossa ja raon huipussa erillään päällysteen tasoeta 22. Tämä tarkoittaa» että pohjan ja huipun avautumismitat tarkoittavat raon leveyttä eivätkä sen pituutta.If the tapered capillary of the present invention is in the form of a gap having a length less than the width of the coating, the base opening dimension and peak opening dimension mean the smallest gap opening dimension in the plane of the coating 22 and the gap peak its length.
Suippenevan kapillaarin huipun läpimitta 27 on se läpimitta, joka sallii nesteen siirtymisen helposti päällysteen 22 pinnalta imukykyiseen tyynyyn 23· Huipun läpimitta on noin 0,010 - 0,234 sentimetriä, edullisesti 0,013 -0,031 sentimetriä.The diameter 27 of the apex of the tapered capillary is the diameter which allows the liquid to easily pass from the surface of the coating 22 to the absorbent pad 23 · The diameter of the apex is about 0.010 to 0.234 centimeters, preferably 0.013 to 0.031 centimeters.
Suippenevan kapillaarin pohjan läpimitta 28 valitaan kahden ehdon perusteella. Ensimmäinen näistä on subjektiivinen tunne päällysteen pinnan koskettaessa käyttäjän ihoa. On havaittu, että edellämainittu polyetyleeni voidaan saada tuntumaan miellyttävältä, kangasmaiselta, ei-vahamaiselta, jos pohjan läpimitta on alueella noin 0,013 - 0,633 sentimetriä. Edullisesti pohjan läpimitta on alueella mnin 0,076 - 0,132 sentimetriä. Toinen ehto on, että kapillaarin pohjan läpimitta on riittävän pieni salliakseen esiintyvän nestepisaran sulkea vähintäin yhden kapillaarin. Tämä ehto toteutuu kertakäyttövaipan edellämainittujen mittojen avulla.The diameter 28 of the tapered capillary base is selected based on two conditions. The first of these is the subjective feeling of the surface of the coating touching the wearer's skin. It has been found that the aforementioned polyethylene can be made to feel comfortable, fabric-like, non-waxy if the base diameter is in the range of about 0.013 to 0.633 centimeters. Preferably, the diameter of the base is in the range of 0.076 to 0.132 centimeters. Another condition is that the diameter of the base of the capillary is small enough to allow the drop of liquid present to close at least one capillary. This condition is fulfilled by the above-mentioned dimensions of the disposable diaper.
Suippenevan kapillaarin korkeus määrätään päällysteen 22 yläpinnan (so. sen pinnan, joka tavallisesti koskettaa käyttäjän ihoa) ja suippenevan kapillaarin 26 huipun 29 välisen etäisyyden mukaan. Tämä korkeus riippuu luonnollisesti huipun lävistäjästä 27» pohjan lävistäjästä 28 ja suippenemiskulmasta a, jotka on valittu edelläesltetyllä tavalla. Suippenevan kapillaarin korkeuden tulee muodostaa rakenne, joka vähiten pyrkii luhistumaan kasaan käytettäessä. Päällystettä 22 valmistettaessa käytetyn materiaalin ominaisuudet määräät suuresti korkeuden sopivan alueen. Jos päällyste 22 on pienitiheyksistä poly-etyleeniä, jonka paksuus on 0,025 - 0,050 sentimetriä ja huipun läpimitta 27 6 58051 sekä pohjan läpimitta 28 ovat suositellulla alueella ja suippenemiskulma a on kriittisellä alueellaan, suippenevan kapillaarin korkeus voi olla 0,008 -0,404 eentimetriä.The height of the tapered capillary is determined by the distance between the top surface of the coating 22 (i.e., the surface that normally contacts the wearer's skin) and the tip 29 of the tapered capillary 26. This height naturally depends on the aperture diagonal 27 »of the aperture diagonal 28 and the taper angle α selected as described above. The height of the tapered capillary should form the structure that tends to collapse the least during use. The properties of the material used to make the coating 22 largely determine the appropriate range of height. If the coating 22 is low density polyethylene having a thickness of 0.025 to 0.050 centimeters and a peak diameter 27 6 58051 and a base diameter 28 are in the recommended range and the taper angle α is in its critical range, the height of the tapered capillary may be 0.008 to 0.404 centimeters.
On välttämätöntä, että suippenevan kapillaarin huippu 29 koskettaa tehokkaasti absorboivaa tyynyä 25* Käyttökelpoiset absorboivat välineet* kuten kertakäyttövaipat, täytyy valmistaa siten, että ei esiinny nesteen vastakkaissuuntaista virtausta, kun absorboiva osa joutuu paineen alaiseksi, kuten esimerkiksi lapsen istuessa tai liikkuessa märässä kertakäyttövaipassa. Suojaus tätä paineen aiheuttamaa poistovirtausta vastaan saavutetaan, jos absorboiva osa valmistetaan siten, että odotettu suurin nestepitoisuus ei täysin kyllästä sitä. Tämä tarkoittaa, että absorboiva osa täytyy suunnitella ja valmistaa siten, että se pystyy sisältämään huomattavasti suuremman nestemäärän, kuin odotuksen mukaan vaaditaan absorboivalta välineeltä normaaleissa käyttötilanteissa. Seuraavassa esiteltävää suositeltavaa absorboivaa tyynyä varten käytännössä odotettava 3-6 kertainen nestekuormitus tyynyn kuivapainosta on tyydyttävä. On huomattava, että tämä sallittu kuormitus on hieman suurempi kuin hyväksyttävissä oleva pinnan kostumisominaisuuksien perusteella,jos tavanomaista kutomatonta päällystettä käytetään kertakäyttövaipan yhteydessä. Eräs tämän kasvaneen kuormituksen etu on tämän keksinnön mukaisessa absorboivassa tyynyssä käytetyn materiaalimäärän mahdollinen alentaminen verrattuna tavanomaisiin kertakäyttö-vaippoihin.It is necessary that the apex 29 of the tapered capillary effectively contact the absorbent pad 25 * Useful absorbent means * such as disposable diapers must be made so that there is no counterflow of fluid when the absorbent portion is pressurized, such as when a child is sitting or moving wet. Protection against this pressure-induced discharge flow is achieved if the absorbent part is manufactured in such a way that it is not completely saturated by the expected maximum liquid content. This means that the absorbent member must be designed and manufactured to be able to contain a significantly greater amount of liquid than is expected of the absorbent device under normal conditions of use. For the recommended absorbent pad presented below, the expected liquid load of 3-6 times the dry weight of the pad is satisfactory in practice. It should be noted that this allowable load is slightly higher than acceptable on the basis of the wetting properties of the surface if a conventional nonwoven coating is used in connection with a disposable diaper. One advantage of this increased load is the possible reduction in the amount of material used in the absorbent pad of the present invention compared to conventional disposable diapers.
Asiantuntijoille on ilmeistä toinen välttämätön ehto: päällysteen täytyy sallia nesteen nopea siirtyminen lävitseen. Tämä siirtymisnopeus riippuu useista tekijöistä kuten nesteen poistumisnopeudesta kehosta, nesteen viskositeetistä, päällysteen avoimen pinta-alan osuudesta, suippenevien kapillaarien minimilävistäj&stä jne. Parametrien asianmukainen yhdistäminen kulloistakin sovellutusta varten voidaan helposti määrittää yksinkertaisten kokeiden avulla. Tässä mainitut kertakäyttövaipalle esitetyt suositellut mitat takaavat virtsan nopean siirtymisen imukykyiseen tyynyyn.Another obvious condition is obvious to those skilled in the art: the coating must allow the liquid to pass rapidly through it. This rate of transition depends on several factors such as the rate of fluid removal from the body, the viscosity of the fluid, the proportion of open surface area of the coating, the minimum diameter of the tapered capillaries, etc. The proper combination of parameters for each application can be easily determined by simple experiments. The recommended dimensions shown here for the disposable diaper ensure a rapid transition of urine to the absorbent pad.
Päälljsfceen pinnan suhteellisen kuivuuden perusteella on ilmeistä, että suurin osa päällystettä koskettavasta nesteestä siirtyy sen lävitse absorboivaan osaan. Tämä vuorostaan osoittaa, että jokaisen erillisen päällystettä koskettavan nestepisaran täytyy olla kosketuksessa suippenevan kapillaarin pohja-aukon kanssa. Tämä tilanne voidaan parhaiten saavuttaa silloin^ kun välialue (päällysteen pinta-ala, joka jää suippenevien kapillaarien pohjien väliin) pidetään mahdollisimman pienenä. Rajoittava minimiarvo saavutetaan tapauksessa, jolloin kartiomaiset suippenevat kapillaarit tai pyramidimaiset suippenevat kapillaarit muodostetaan tiiviisti pakatuksi järjestelyksi (jolloin jokaisen kapillaa- 58051 7 rin pohjan JO ulkokehä koskettaa joka puolelta viereisten kapillaarien pohjien JO ulkokehiä). Minimaalisen välialueen suositeltava järjestely pyrkii takaamaan sen, että yksittäiset pisarat koskettavat vähintäin yhtä suippenevaa kapillaaria. Kertakäyttövaipan suositeltava järjestely saavutetaan, kun edelläesitetyllä tavalla järjestettyinä suippenevia kapillaareja on noin 3-23I kapillaaria neliösentimetriä kohti. Suippenevia kapillaareja 26 sisältävä päällyste 22 voidaan valmistaa jonkin monista alalla tunnetun tavan mukaan. Eräs erikoisen sopiva menetelmä on kuuman muotin valmistaminen, joka sisältää haluttujen suippenevien kapillaarien muodon ja järjestelyn mukaisia urospuolisia alkioita (ja jota tämän jälkeen kutsutaan tappimuotiksi).From the relative dryness of the surface of the coating, it is apparent that most of the liquid in contact with the coating passes through it to the absorbent portion. This in turn indicates that each individual drop of liquid in contact with the coating must be in contact with the bottom opening of the tapered capillary. This situation can best be achieved when the intermediate area (the surface area between the bottoms of the tapered capillaries) is kept as small as possible. The limiting minimum value is reached in the case where the conical tapered capillaries or pyramidal tapered capillaries are formed as a tightly packed arrangement (wherein the outer circumference of each capillary base JO contacts the outer circumferences of adjacent capillary bases JO on each side). The recommended arrangement of the minimum intermediate range seeks to ensure that the individual droplets contact at least one tapered capillary. The preferred arrangement of the disposable diaper is achieved when there are approximately 3-23 I capillaries per square centimeter of tapered capillaries arranged as described above. The coating 22 containing tapered capillaries 26 can be prepared in any of a number of ways known in the art. One particularly suitable method is to make a hot mold containing male embryos of the desired shape and arrangement of tapered capillaries (hereinafter referred to as a pin mold).
Jokainen urospuolinen alkio on asennettu siten, että sen huippu ulottuu ylöspäin muotin pohjalta. Nestettä läpäisemätöntä materiaalia saatetaan kosketukseen kuumennetun muotin kanssa muotin ja taipuisan pohjalevyn väliin. Paine kohdistetaan muotin, nestettä läpäisemättömän materiaalin ja taipuisan pohja-levyn muodostamaan yhdistelmään, jolloin nestettä läpäisemättömään materiaaliin muodostuu suippenevia kapillaareja tämän keksinnön mukaisen päällysteen valmistamiseksi. Vaihtoehtoinen tapa tämän keksinnön mukaisen päällysteen valmistamiseksi on suorittaa nestettä läpäisemättömälle materiaalille tyhjiö-muotoilu sopivan muotin avulla alalla hyvin tunnettujen menetelmien mukaisesti. Kolmas tapa tässä keksinnössä käytettävän päällysteen 22 valmistamiseksi on valaa päällyste tarkoituksenmukaiseen muottiin, joka muistuttaa edelläesitet-tyä muottia. Suippenevien kapillaarien muotoilun jälkeen jollakin kolmesta edellämainitueta tavasta voi olla välttämätöntä poistaa fysikaalisesti materiaalia suippenevien kapillaarien huipuista huippujen läpimitan saamiseksi haluttuun arvoon. Tämä materiaalin poisto voidaan suorittaa esimerkiksi hiomalla tarkoin huippuja tai kuumentamalla muodostunutta päällystettä huippujen sulat-tamiseksi auki.Each male embryo is mounted so that its apex extends upward from the base of the mold. A liquid impermeable material is brought into contact with the heated mold between the mold and the flexible base plate. The pressure is applied to a combination of a mold, a liquid-impermeable material and a flexible base plate, forming tapered capillaries in the liquid-impermeable material to form the coating of the present invention. An alternative way of making the coating of this invention is to perform vacuum forming on a liquid impermeable material using a suitable mold according to methods well known in the art. A third way to make the coating 22 used in the present invention is to mold the coating into a suitable mold resembling the above mold. After shaping the tapered capillaries, in one of the three ways mentioned above, it may be necessary to physically remove material from the peaks of the tapered capillaries to bring the diameter of the peaks to the desired value. This removal of material can be performed, for example, by carefully grinding the peaks or by heating the formed coating to melt the peaks open.
Kuviossa 1 «eitetyn kertakäyttövaipan absorboiva osa 23 voi olla tavanomaisesti absorboivissa välineissä käytettyä, alalla hyvin tunnettua materiaalia. Sopivaksi absorboivaksi materiaaliksi osaa 23 varten on edullista käyttää jauhettua puumassaa, jota yleensä kutsutaan ilmastetuksi huovaksi. Jos käytetään ilmastettua huopaa, voidaan tavallisesti kertakäyttövaipoissa käytetty silkkipaperi jättää pois. Myös muita materiaaleja voidaan käyttää absorboivana osana 23 kuten useita kerroksia selluloosavanukreppiä ja tätä vastaavia.The absorbent portion 23 of the disposable diaper shown in Figure 1 may be a material conventionally used in absorbent means and is well known in the art. As a suitable absorbent material for the part 23, it is preferable to use ground wood pulp, which is generally referred to as aerated felt. If aerated felt is used, the tissue paper normally used in disposable diapers can be omitted. Other materials may also be used as the absorbent member 23 such as multiple layers of cellulose wadding crepe and the like.
Kuten edellä on mainittu, absorboivan tyynyn 23 täytyy olla losketuksessa tämän keksinnön mukaisen päällysteen suippenevien kapillaarien 26 huippujen 29 kanssa. Lisäksi absorboivan tyynyn 23 täytyy absorboida pääasiassa nestettä suippenevien kapillaarien 26 huipuista 29.As mentioned above, the absorbent pad 23 must be in contact with the peaks 29 of the tapered capillaries 26 of the coating of this invention. In addition, the absorbent pad 23 must absorb substantially liquid from the peaks 29 of the tapered capillaries 26.
3 5 80 b13 5 80 b1
Nestettä läpäisemätön takasivu 24 voi olla jotain alalla tunnettua materiaalia. Suositeltava materiaali on pienitiheyksinen polyetyleeni, jonka paksuusc on 0,0023 - 0,0031 eentimetriä.The liquid-impermeable backsheet 24 may be of any material known in the art. The preferred material is low density polyethylene with a thickness c of 0.0023 to 0.0031 centimeters.
Lopullisen kertakäyttövaipan osat - suippenevia kapillaareja sisältävä päällyste 22, absorboiva tyyny 23 ja lisäosat kuten nestettä läpäisemätön takasivu 24 voidaan koota käytännölliseksi, taloudelliseksi kertakäyttövaipaksi alalla tunnettujen menetelmien avulla. Esimerkki tällaisesta kokoomisesta kertakäyttövaipaksi on ihailtavalla tavalla esitetty edellämainitussa USA-patenttiesitteessä He 26 131.The components of the final disposable diaper - a coating 22 with tapered capillaries, an absorbent pad 23 and accessories such as a liquid impermeable backsheet 24 can be assembled into a practical, economical disposable diaper by methods known in the art. An example of such assembly into a disposable diaper is admirably disclosed in the aforementioned U.S. Patent No. He 26,131.
Kuten on mainittu, tämän keksinnön mukainen suippenevia kapillaareja sisältävä päällyste on esitetty kertakäyttövaipan yhteydessä. Muita absorboivia välineitä, jotka ovat alalla hyvin tunnettuja, kuten terveyspyyhkeitä, terveys-siteitä, vuodetyynyjä, vuototyynyjä, pyyheliinoja, siteitä ja vastaavia, voidaan edullisesti valmistaa käyttäen tämän keksinnön mukaista, suippenevia kapillaareja sisältävää päällystettä. Esimerkkejä terveysliinoista ja terveys-siteistä, jolloin tämän keksinnön mukaista päällystettä voidaan käyttää, voidaan löytää USA-patentista 3 600 797, julkaissut Tunc 2. elokuuta 1374 ja USA-patentieta 3 815 601, julkaissut Schaefer 11. kesäkuuta 1974« joihin tässä yhteydessä viitataan.As mentioned, the coating containing tapered capillaries of the present invention is shown in connection with a disposable diaper. Other absorbent devices well known in the art, such as sanitary napkins, sanitary napkins, bed pads, bleed pads, towels, bandages, and the like, can be advantageously prepared using the tapered capillary coating of this invention. Examples of sanitary napkins and sanitary napkins in which the coating of this invention may be used can be found in U.S. Patent 3,600,797, issued Tunc August 2, 1374, and U.S. Patent 3,815,601, issued Schaefer June 11, 1974, incorporated herein by reference.
Tämän keksinnön paremmaksi ymmärtämiseksi, mutta ei sitä rajoittaviksi on mukaanliitetty seuraavat esimerkit.In order that this invention may be better understood, but not limited,, the following examples are included.
Esimerkki 1Example 1
Kartiomaisesti suippenevia kapillaareja, joiden pohjan läpimitta oli 1 mm ja huipun läpimitta 0,3 mm sekä suippenemiskulma 49°· muodostettiin tappimuotin avulla 0,0375 mmsn paksuiseen "Surlyn"-kalvoon, nestettä läpäisemätön ionomeerikalvo, jota valmistaa E.I.du Pont de Nemoura and Company* Kaikkiaan 113 kapillaaria neliösentimetriä kohti puristettiin säännölliseen järjestykseen kalvoon. Päällyste sijoitettiin siten, että suippenevien kapillaarien huiput olivat kosketuksessa absorboivan tyynyn kanssa, joka oli valmistettu pehmeitä puukuituja olevasta ilmastetusta huovasta. Muodostunut absorboiva rakenne salli suolaliuoksen siirtyä päällysteen lävitse absorboivaan tyynyyn. Päällysteen pinta tuntui kuivalta ja oli se miellyttävä kosketella.Conical tapered capillaries with a base diameter of 1 mm and a peak diameter of 0.3 mm and a taper angle of 49 ° · were formed by a pin mold into a 0.0375 mmsn "Surlyn" film, a liquid-impermeable ionomer film manufactured by EIdu Pont de Nemoura and Company * A total of 113 capillaries per square centimeter were pressed into the membrane in regular order. The coating was positioned so that the tips of the tapered capillaries were in contact with an absorbent pad made of aerated felt of soft wood fibers. The resulting absorbent structure allowed the saline solution to pass through the coating onto the absorbent pad. The surface of the coating felt dry and was pleasant to the touch.
Esimerkki 2Example 2
Esimerkki 1 toistettiin paitsi, että 49 kartiomaista kapillaaria, joiden pohjan läpimitta oli 1,3 mm ja huipun läpimitta 0,3 mm aekä suippenemiskulma 45°, muodostettiin säännölliseksi kuvioksi neliösentimetriä kohti "Surlyn"-kalvolle ja pienitiheyksiselle polyteenikalvolle, joiden paksuudet olivat 0,0375 mm. Saavutettiin oleellisesti samat tulokset* 9 58051Example 1 was repeated except that 49 conical capillaries with a base diameter of 1.3 mm and a peak diameter of 0.3 mm and a taper angle of 45 ° were formed as a regular pattern per square centimeter for a "Surlyn" film and a low density polyethylene film having a thickness of 0.0375 mm. Substantially the same results were obtained * 9 58051
Esimerkki 3Example 3
Pyramidinmuotoisia suippenevia kapillaareja, joiden neliömäisen pohjan jokainen sivu oli 1,3 mm pitkä ja neliömäisen huipun jokainen sivu 0,3 mm sekä suippenemiskulma 45°· puristettiin 0,0375 mm:n paksuiseen pienitiheyksistä polyetyleeniä olevaan levyyn. Kaikkiaan 60 kapillaaria muodostettiin ne-liösentimetriä kohti kalvoa. Havaittiin oleellisesti samat tulokset kuin esimerkissä 1, kun päällyste sijoitettiin asianmukaisesti kosketukseen esimerkin 1 mukaisen ilmastetun huovan kanssa. Tätä absorboivaa rakennetta käytettiin lisäksi kertakäyttövaipan valmistamiseen Duncan et ai'ien edellämainitun Re 26 121 mukaisesti. Käytettäessä asianmukaisesti pikkulapsille, kertakäyttövaipan pinta oli kuivempi ja miellyttävämpi lapsen ihoa vastaan kuin mitä voidaan saavuttaa tavanomaisella hydrofobisella kutomattomalla päällysteellä.Pyramidal tapered capillaries with a square bottom of 1.3 mm each side and a square peak of 0.3 mm each side and a taper angle of 45 ° · were pressed into a 0.0375 mm thick low density polyethylene sheet. A total of 60 capillaries were formed per square centimeter of membrane. Substantially the same results as in Example 1 were observed when the coating was properly placed in contact with the aerated felt of Example 1. This absorbent structure was further used to make a disposable diaper according to the aforementioned Re 26 121 of Duncan et al. When used properly for infants, the surface of the disposable diaper was drier and more comfortable against the child's skin than can be achieved with a conventional hydrophobic nonwoven coating.
Esimerkki 4Example 4
Esimerkki 2 toistettiin, mukaanlukien muodostuneiden kartioiden saattaminen kosketukseen absorboivan ilmastetun huovan kanssa, jolloin muodostuneiden kartioiden pohjan läpimitta, huipun läpimitta, suippenemiskulma ja kapillaarien lukumäärä neliösentimetriä kohden olivat seuraavat: 0,76 mm, 0,23 mm 45°# 200; 1,52 mm, 0,30 mm, 60°, 49; Ja 2,54 mm, 0,375 mm, 30°, 11,5· Jokaisessa tapauksessa saatiin tyydyttävät tulokset nesteen läpivirtauksen ja pinnan tunnun suhteen.Example 2 was repeated, including contacting the formed cones with an absorbent aerated felt, wherein the base diameter, peak diameter, taper angle, and number of capillaries per square centimeter of the formed cones were as follows: 0.76 mm, 0.23 mm 45 ° # 200; 1.52 mm, 0.30 mm, 60 °, 49; And 2.54 mm, 0.375 mm, 30 °, 11.5 · In each case, satisfactory results were obtained in terms of fluid flow and surface feel.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US535003A US3929135A (en) | 1974-12-20 | 1974-12-20 | Absorptive structure having tapered capillaries |
US53500374 | 1974-12-20 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FI753610A FI753610A (en) | 1976-06-21 |
FI58051B FI58051B (en) | 1980-08-29 |
FI58051C true FI58051C (en) | 1980-12-10 |
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ID=24132452
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FI753610A FI58051C (en) | 1974-12-20 | 1975-12-19 | ABSORBER STRUCTURE WITH AVSMALNANDE KAPILLARER |
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US (1) | US3929135A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5717081B2 (en) |
AT (3) | AT351156B (en) |
BE (1) | BE836857A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7508479A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1058801A (en) |
CH (1) | CH595830A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2556501C2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK138155B (en) |
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FI (1) | FI58051C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2294656A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1526778A (en) |
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IT (1) | IT1051534B (en) |
LU (1) | LU74067A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX144813A (en) |
NL (1) | NL171958C (en) |
SE (1) | SE7514345L (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA757380B (en) |
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-
1974
- 1974-12-20 US US535003A patent/US3929135A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-11-25 ZA ZA7380A patent/ZA757380B/en unknown
- 1975-11-25 CA CA240,440A patent/CA1058801A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-09 IE IE2670/75A patent/IE41963B1/en unknown
- 1975-12-11 MX MX162527A patent/MX144813A/en unknown
- 1975-12-12 AT AT945975A patent/AT351156B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-12 AT AT0587078A patent/AT369238B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-16 DE DE2556501A patent/DE2556501C2/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-18 SE SE7514345A patent/SE7514345L/en unknown
- 1975-12-19 FR FR7539010A patent/FR2294656A1/en active Granted
- 1975-12-19 DK DK583675AA patent/DK138155B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-19 IT IT30579/75A patent/IT1051534B/en active
- 1975-12-19 GB GB52158/75A patent/GB1526778A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-19 NL NLAANVRAGE7514895,A patent/NL171958C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-19 BR BR7508479*A patent/BR7508479A/en unknown
- 1975-12-19 FI FI753610A patent/FI58051C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-19 LU LU74067A patent/LU74067A1/xx unknown
- 1975-12-19 ES ES1975217535U patent/ES217535Y/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-19 BE BE162924A patent/BE836857A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-19 CH CH1648075A patent/CH595830A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-12-20 JP JP15271475A patent/JPS5717081B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-08-11 AT AT0587078A patent/ATA587078A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATA587078A (en) | 1982-05-15 |
NL7514895A (en) | 1976-06-22 |
LU74067A1 (en) | 1976-11-11 |
DE2556501C2 (en) | 1982-10-07 |
AU8709175A (en) | 1977-06-02 |
ES217535U (en) | 1976-10-16 |
AT369238B (en) | 1982-12-10 |
CA1058801A (en) | 1979-07-24 |
CH595830A5 (en) | 1978-02-28 |
DE2556501A1 (en) | 1976-07-01 |
MX144813A (en) | 1981-11-24 |
DK138155C (en) | 1979-01-02 |
ES217535Y (en) | 1977-03-01 |
SE7514345L (en) | 1976-06-21 |
IE41963B1 (en) | 1980-05-07 |
FI753610A (en) | 1976-06-21 |
AT351156B (en) | 1979-07-10 |
FR2294656B1 (en) | 1978-12-08 |
JPS51108943A (en) | 1976-09-27 |
DK138155B (en) | 1978-07-24 |
DK583675A (en) | 1976-06-21 |
ZA757380B (en) | 1977-01-26 |
IT1051534B (en) | 1981-05-20 |
FI58051B (en) | 1980-08-29 |
NL171958C (en) | 1983-06-16 |
BE836857A (en) | 1976-06-21 |
IE41963L (en) | 1976-06-20 |
BR7508479A (en) | 1976-08-24 |
JPS5717081B2 (en) | 1982-04-08 |
ATA945975A (en) | 1978-12-15 |
GB1526778A (en) | 1978-09-27 |
US3929135A (en) | 1975-12-30 |
FR2294656A1 (en) | 1976-07-16 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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MA | Patent expired | ||
MA | Patent expired |
Owner name: THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY |