ES2757934T3 - Initiating pyrotechnic agent - Google Patents
Initiating pyrotechnic agent Download PDFInfo
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- ES2757934T3 ES2757934T3 ES15734332T ES15734332T ES2757934T3 ES 2757934 T3 ES2757934 T3 ES 2757934T3 ES 15734332 T ES15734332 T ES 15734332T ES 15734332 T ES15734332 T ES 15734332T ES 2757934 T3 ES2757934 T3 ES 2757934T3
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- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 alkaline earth metal perchlorates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydroanthracene Natural products C1=CC=C2C=C(CCCC3)C3=CC2=C1 XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010277 boron hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium dihydride Chemical compound [ZrH2] QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000568 zirconium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021346 calcium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylideneantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=S YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001963 alkali metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001964 alkaline earth metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical class [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000028 HMX Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HHEFNVCDPLQQTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium perchlorate Chemical class [NH4+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O HHEFNVCDPLQQTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Agente pirotécnico iniciador caracterizado por que contiene Zn2+2(C2N102-)(CO32-), Zn2+3(C2N102-)2(CO32-), Zn2+4(C2N102-)2(CO32-)(OH-)2, Zn2+2(C2N102-)(OH-)2 o Zn2+3(C2N102-)2(OH-)2, siendo (C2N102-) dianion azotetrazolato con la estructura **Fórmula** siendo la proporción del componente de azotetrazolato básico del 30% al 100% en peso, y estando contenido o contenidas del 0% al 70% en peso de un aditivo o de mezclas de una pluralidad de aditivos.Initiating pyrotechnic agent characterized by containing Zn2 + 2 (C2N102 -) (CO32-), Zn2 + 3 (C2N102-) 2 (CO32-), Zn2 + 4 (C2N102-) 2 (CO32 -) (OH-) 2, Zn2 + 2 (C2N102 -) (OH-) 2 or Zn2 + 3 (C2N102-) 2 (OH-) 2, where (C2N102-) is dianion azotetrazolate with the structure ** Formula ** where the proportion of the basic azotetrazolate component is 30% to 100% by weight, and 0% to 70% by weight being contained or contained in an additive or mixtures of a plurality of additives.
Description
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
Agente pirotécnico iniciadorInitiating pyrotechnic agent
El objeto de la presente invención es un agente pirotécnico iniciador.The object of the present invention is an initiating pyrotechnic agent.
Agentes pirotécnicos iniciadores en el sentido de la invención son materiales o compuestos de materiales que pueden dar lugar a un efecto pirotécnico.Initiating pyrotechnic agents within the meaning of the invention are materials or material compounds that can give rise to a pyrotechnic effect.
En particular, el objeto de la presente invención es un agente pirotécnico iniciador que puede ser utilizado en sistemas de ignición mecánicos, eléctricos u optoeléctricos.In particular, the object of the present invention is an initiating pyrotechnic agent that can be used in mechanical, electrical or optoelectric ignition systems.
Del documento DE102010025104 A1 se conoce el uso de un explosivo de 5,5'-azotetrazolato que comprende una sal de hierro, cobalto, níquel, cobre, cadmio o guananyl-urea de un 5,5'-azotetrazolato o una mezcla de por lo menos un 5,5'-azotetrazolato y por lo menos un bistetrazolyltriacenato o al menos otra sal metálica o sal de guananyl-urea de un 5,5'-azotetrazolato. Las sales que se describen ahí son neutrales, es decir, ni ácidas ni básicas. Según el documento DE102010025104 A1, las sales de zinc y cromo del 5,5'-azotetrazolato no resultan aptas para su almacenamiento. Además se da el problema de que mezclas pirotécnicas que contienen tetraceno no resultan ser suficientemente estables térmicamente dado que el tetraceno empieza a deteriorarse a una temperatura de 120 °C.DE102010025104 A1 discloses the use of a 5.5'-azotetrazolate explosive comprising an iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, cadmium or guananyl-urea salt of a 5.5'-azotetrazolate or a mixture of minus a 5,5'-azotetrazolate and at least one bistetrazolyltriaceate or at least one other metal salt or guananyl-urea salt of a 5,5'-azotetrazolate. The salts described there are neutral, that is, neither acidic nor basic. According to DE102010025104 A1, the zinc and chromium salts of 5,5'-azotetrazolate are not suitable for storage. In addition, there is the problem that pyrotechnic mixtures containing tetracene do not turn out to be sufficiently thermally stable since tetracene begins to deteriorate at a temperature of 120 ° C.
El documento DE 102010036950 A1 divulga el uso como explosivo inicial de sales de 5,5'-azotetrazolato con una fórmula química general ([MLmXn]p+)q(C1N4R1")r, siendo M un elemento de los grupos tercero-duodécimo de la tabla periódica con número atómico en el rango 21-80.DE 102010036950 A1 discloses the use as an initial explosive of salts of 5,5'-azotetrazolate with a general chemical formula ([MLmXn] p +) q (C1N4R1 ") r, M being an element of the third-twelfth groups of the periodic table with atomic number in the range 21-80.
El objeto de la presente invención fue proporcionar un agente pirotécnico iniciador adicional. Otro objeto de la presente invención fue proporcionar un Agente pirotécnico iniciador que pueda ser utilizado en sistemas de ignición mecánicos, eléctricos u optoeléctricos.The object of the present invention was to provide an additional pyrotechnic initiating agent. Another object of the present invention was to provide a pyrotechnic initiating agent that can be used in mechanical, electrical or optoelectric ignition systems.
Este objeto se resuelve de manera sorprendente según la invención mediante las características de la reivindicación principal.This object is surprisingly solved according to the invention by the features of the main claim.
Realizaciones adicionales de la invención están definidas en las reivindicaciones dependientes.Additional embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
De manera sorprendente, se halló un medio de ignición pirotécnico que contiene Zn2+2(C2N102-)(CO32-), Zn2+3(C2N102-)2(CO32'), Zn2+ 4(C2N102-)2(CO32-)(OH-)2, Zn2+2(C2N102-)(OH-)2 o Zn2+3(C2N102-)2(OH-)2, siendo (C2N102-) dianion azotetrazolato con la estructuraSurprisingly, a pyrotechnic ignition medium was found containing Zn2 + 2 (C2N102 -) (CO32-), Zn2 + 3 (C2N102-) 2 (CO32 '), Zn2 + 4 (C2N102-) 2 (CO32 -) ( OH-) 2, Zn2 + 2 (C2N102 -) (OH-) 2 or Zn2 + 3 (C2N102-) 2 (OH-) 2, where (C2N102-) dianion azotetrazolate with the structure
siendo la proporción del componente de azotetrazolato básico de 30% a 100% en peso, y estando contenido o contenidas 0% a 70% en peso de un aditivo o de mezclas de una pluralidad de aditivos. Los nuevos compuestos básicos de azotetrazolato según la invención tienen temperaturas de deflagración en el rango de 180 °C a 240 °C, sensibilidades a la fricción de 0,1 N a 1,0 N y sensibilidades a impacto de 0.1 J a 0.5 J. Se tiene así la estabilidad térmica de los compuestos básicos de azotetrazolato según la invención. Para un almacenamiento a 71 °C no se observa ninguna degradación de los compuestos de azotetrazolato pasados 28 días.the proportion of the basic azotetrazolate component being from 30% to 100% by weight, and 0% to 70% by weight being contained or contained in an additive or mixtures of a plurality of additives. The new basic azotetrazolate compounds according to the invention have deflagration temperatures in the range of 180 ° C to 240 ° C, friction sensitivities of 0.1 N to 1.0 N and impact sensitivities of 0.1 J to 0.5 J. Thus, the thermal stability of the basic azotetrazolate compounds according to the invention is obtained. For storage at 71 ° C, no degradation of the azotetrazolate compounds is observed after 28 days.
Preferiblemente, el agente pirotécnico iniciador contiene, como aditivo, 10% a 60% en peso de un agente oxidante seleccionado de entre uno o más de los siguientes: nitratos de metales alcalinos y/o metales alcalinotérreos y/o de amonio, percloratos de metales alcalinos y/o metales alcalinotérreos y/o de amonio y peróxidos de metales alcalinos y/o metales alcalinotérreos y/o de zinc.Preferably, the pyrotechnic initiating agent contains, as an additive, 10% to 60% by weight of an oxidizing agent selected from one or more of the following: alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal and / or ammonium nitrates, metal perchlorates alkali and / or alkaline earth metals and / or ammonium and alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal and / or zinc peroxides.
De manera especialmente preferente, el agente pirotécnico iniciador contiene, como aditivo, 0% a 10% en peso de un sensibilizador, preferiblemente tetraceno.Particularly preferably, the initiating pyrotechnic agent contains, as an additive, 0% to 10% by weight of a sensitizer, preferably tetracene.
El agente pirotécnico iniciador según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado por que contiene, como aditivo, 0% a 20% en peso un agente reductor seleccionado de entre uno o más de los siguientes: aluminio, sulfuro de antimonio, siliciuro de calcio, titanio, hidruro de titanio, boro, hidruro de boro, circonio, hidruro de circonio, silicio, grafito, carbón activo, negro de carbón o agente de fricción, preferentemente fragmentos de vidrio. The initiating pyrotechnic agent according to claim 1 characterized in that it contains, as an additive, 0% to 20% by weight, a reducing agent selected from one or more of the following: aluminum, antimony sulfide, calcium silicide, titanium, hydride of titanium, boron, boron hydride, zirconium, zirconium hydride, silicon, graphite, activated carbon, carbon black or friction agent, preferably glass fragments.
De manera especialmente preferente, el agente pirotécnico iniciador contiene, como aditivo, 0,1% a 5% en peso un aglutinante seleccionado de entre uno o más de los siguientes: celulosa y sus derivados, butirales de polivinilo, polinitropolifenileno, polinitrofenil éter, plexiglás, acetato de polivinilo y copolímeros.Particularly preferably, the pyrotechnic initiating agent contains, as an additive, 0.1% to 5% by weight, a binder selected from one or more of the following: cellulose and its derivatives, polyvinyl butyrals, polynitropoliphenylene, polynitrophenyl ether, plexiglass , polyvinyl acetate and copolymers.
Los agentes pirotécnicos iniciadores según la invención pueden ser utilizados en sistemas de ignición mecánicos, eléctricos u optoeléctricos.The initiating pyrotechnic agents according to the invention can be used in mechanical, electrical or optoelectric ignition systems.
Pueden utilizarse como aditivos:They can be used as additives:
1. Agentes oxidantes (por separado o en mezclas) seleccionados de entre el grupo formado por: nitratos de metales alcalinos o alcalinotérreos o de amonio como nitrato de sodio, de potasio o de amonio, percloratos de metales alcalinos o alcalinotérreos o de amonio, peróxidos de metales alcalinos o alcalinotérreos o de zinc.1. Oxidizing agents (separately or in mixtures) selected from the group consisting of: alkali or alkaline earth metal or ammonium nitrates such as sodium, potassium or ammonium nitrate, alkali or alkaline earth metal or ammonium perchlorates, peroxides of alkali or alkaline earth metals or zinc.
2. Suplementos altamente energéticos (por separado o en mezclas) de hexógeno, octogeno, nitrocelulosa. 3. Agentes reductores (por separado o en mezclas) seleccionados de entre el grupo formado por: aluminio, titanio, hidruro de titanio, boro, hidruro de boro, circonio, hidruro de circonio, silicio, grafito, carbón activado, negro de humo.2. Highly energetic supplements (separately or in mixtures) of hexogen, octogen, nitrocellulose. 3. Reducing agents (separately or in mixtures) selected from the group consisting of: aluminum, titanium, titanium hydride, boron, boron hydride, zirconium, zirconium hydride, silicon, graphite, activated carbon, carbon black.
4. Aglutinantes (por separado o en mezclas) seleccionados de entre el grupo formado por: celulosa y sus derivados, polivinilbutirales, polinitropolifenilos, polinitrofenil éteres, plexiglás, acetato de polivinilo, copolímeros.4. Binders (separately or in mixtures) selected from the group consisting of: cellulose and its derivatives, polyvinylbutyrals, polynitropoliphenyls, polynitrophenyl ethers, plexiglas, polyvinyl acetate, copolymers.
5. Moderadores de combustión, estabilizadores y procesadores auxiliares (por separado o en mezclas) seleccionados de entre el grupo formado por: óxido de cinc, carbonato de cinc, silicatos, geles de sílice, ácidos silícicos, por ejemplo Aerosil (firma Degussa), nitruro de boro.5. Combustion moderators, stabilizers and auxiliary processors (separately or in mixtures) selected from the group consisting of: zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, silicates, silica gels, silicic acids, for example Aerosil (firm Degussa), boron nitride.
Las sustancias se caracterizan por ser libres de plomo y bario, por una gran potencia de ignición, tiempos de reacción cortos y sensibilidades correspondientes. Estas propiedades posibilitan una reducción de la masa de explosivo necesaria para una iniciación segura.The substances are characterized by being free of lead and barium, by a high ignition power, short reaction times and corresponding sensitivities. These properties make it possible to reduce the explosive mass necessary for a safe initiation.
En la tabla 1 se muestran temperaturas de deflagración y sensibilidades a la fricción y al impacto de ejemplos seleccionados. La medición de la sensibilidades a la fricción y al impacto se hizo según métodos de la Agencia Federal para la Investigación de Materiales de Alemania (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung, BAM) citadas en el informe del BAM (“BAM-Bencht”) 142 (1987), mientras que la medición de las temperaturas de deflagración se hizo mediante calorimetría diferencial dinámica (DSC) (de la firma Mettler) a una velocidad de calentamiento de 10 K por minuto.Table 1 shows deflagration temperatures and friction and impact sensitivities for selected examples. Measurement of friction and impact sensitivities was made using methods of the German Federal Agency for Materials Research (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung, BAM) cited in the BAM report (“BAM-Bencht”) 142 (1987) , whereas the measurement of the deflagration temperatures was made by means of dynamic differential calorimetry (DSC) (from Mettler) at a heating rate of 10 K per minute.
El objeto de la presente invención es en particular:The object of the present invention is in particular:
- Un agente pirotécnico iniciador que contiene Zn 2+ 2(C2N102 ")(CO32 "), Zn 2+ 3(C2N102 ")2(CO32 "), Zn2+4(C2N1ü2')2(CO32")(OH')2, Z n ^ ^ N ^ K O K ^ o Z n ^ ^ N ^ M O H '^ , siendo (C2N102") dianion azotetrazolato con la estructura- A pyrotechnic initiating agent containing Zn 2+ 2 (C2N10 2 ") (CO3 2 "), Zn 2+ 3 (C2N10 2 ") 2 (CO3 2 "), Zn2 + 4 (C2N1ü2 ') 2 (CO32 ") (OH ') 2, Z n ^ ^ N ^ KOK ^ or Z n ^ ^ N ^ MOH' ^, being (C2N102 ") azotetrazolate dianion with the structure
siendo la proporción del componente de azotetrazolato básico del 30% al 100% en peso, y estando contenido o contenidas 0% a 70% en peso de un aditivo o de mezclas de una pluralidad de aditivos.the proportion of the basic azotetrazolate component being from 30% to 100% by weight, and 0% to 70% by weight being contained or contained in an additive or mixtures of a plurality of additives.
Un agente pirotécnico iniciador que contiene, como aditivo, del 10% al 60% en peso de un agente oxidante seleccionado de entre uno o más de los siguientes: nitratos de metales alcalinos y/o metales alcalinotérreos y/o de amonio, percloratos de metales alcalinos y/o metales alcalinotérreos y/o de amonio y peróxidos de metales alcalinos y/o metales alcalinotérreos y/o de zinc.An initiating pyrotechnic agent containing, as an additive, 10% to 60% by weight of an oxidizing agent selected from one or more of the following: alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal and / or ammonium nitrates, metal perchlorates alkali and / or alkaline earth metals and / or ammonium and alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal and / or zinc peroxides.
Un agente pirotécnico iniciador que contiene, como aditivo, del 0% al 10% en peso de un sensibilizador, preferiblemente tetraceno.A pyrotechnic initiating agent containing, as an additive, 0% to 10% by weight of a sensitizer, preferably tetracene.
Un agente pirotécnico iniciador que contiene, como aditivo, del 0% al 20% en peso de un agente reductor seleccionado de entre uno o más de los siguientes: aluminio, sulfuro de antimonio, siliciuro de calcio, titanio, hidruro de titanio, boro, hidruro de boro, circonio, hidruro de circonio, silicio, grafito, carbón activo, negro de carbón o agente de fricción, preferentemente fragmentos de vidrio.A pyrotechnic initiating agent containing, as an additive, 0% to 20% by weight of a reducing agent selected from one or more of the following: aluminum, antimony sulfide, calcium silicide, titanium, titanium hydride, boron, boron hydride, zirconium, zirconium hydride, silicon, graphite, activated carbon, carbon black or agent friction, preferably glass fragments.
- Un agente pirotécnico iniciador que contiene, como aditivo, del 0,1% al 5% en peso de un aglutinante seleccionado de entre uno o más de los siguientes: celulosa y sus derivados, butirales de polivinilo, polinitropolifenileno, polinitrofenil éter, plexiglás, acetato de polivinilo y copolímeros.- A pyrotechnic initiating agent containing, as an additive, 0.1% to 5% by weight of a binder selected from one or more of the following: cellulose and its derivatives, polyvinyl butyrals, polynitropoliphenylene, polynitrophenyl ether, plexiglass, polyvinyl acetate and copolymers.
- El uso de un agente pirotécnico iniciador en sistemas de ignición mecánicos, eléctricos u optoeléctricos. La invención se explica con más detalle, sin ser por ello limitada, mediante los siguientes ejemplos:- The use of an initiating pyrotechnic agent in mechanical, electrical or optoelectric ignition systems. The invention is explained in more detail without being limited by the following examples:
En la Tabla 1 se muestran las composiciones de 5 sales básicas de 5,5'-azotetrazolato diferentes.Table 1 shows the compositions of 5 different basic salts of 5,5'-azotetrazolate.
Tabla 1 Composiciones, temperaturas de deflagración y sensibilidades a la fricción y al impacto de sales básicas de 5,5'-azotetrazolato seleccionadas.Table 1 Compositions, deflagration temperatures and sensitivities to friction and impact of selected 5.5'-azotetrazolate basic salts.
Núm. Fórmula química Tdef [a] en °C Ff„ct [b] en N Eimpacto ^^ en J No. Chemical formula Tdef [a] in ° C Ff „ct [b] in N Eimpact ^^ in J
1 Zn2+2(C2N102')(CO32') 227 0.7 0.31 Zn2 + 2 (C2N102 ') (CO32') 227 0.7 0.3
2 Zn2+3(C2N102-)2(CO32-) 223 0.5 0.12 Zn2 + 3 (C2N102-) 2 (CO32-) 223 0.5 0.1
3 Zn2+4(C2N102')2(CO32')(OH')2 215 0.7 0.33 Zn2 + 4 (C2N102 ') 2 (CO32') (OH ') 2 215 0.7 0.3
4 Zn2+2(C2N102-)(OH-)2 210 0.5 0.24 Zn2 + 2 (C2N102 -) (OH-) 2 210 0.5 0.2
5 Zn2+3(C2N102-)2(OH-)2 207 0.3 0.15 Zn2 + 3 (C2N102-) 2 (OH-) 2 207 0.3 0.1
[a]: temperatura de deflagración, [b]: sensibilidades a la fricción, [c]: sensibilidades al impacto [a]: deflagration temperature, [b]: friction sensitivities, [c]: impact sensitivities
Claims (6)
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| DE102014009807 | 2014-07-03 | ||
| PCT/EP2015/064729 WO2016001161A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 | 2015-06-29 | Pyrotechnic igniting agent |
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| CN110937962A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-31 | 北京理工大学 | Alloy type carmine cold firework chemical and preparation method thereof |
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| CH103654A (en) * | 1922-03-27 | 1924-03-01 | Hans Dr Rathsburg | Process for the production of ignition charges. |
| FR2228043B1 (en) * | 1972-10-17 | 1977-03-04 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | |
| US4566921A (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-01-28 | L'etat Francais Represente Par Le Delegue Ministeriel Pour L'armement | Priming composition which is sensitive to percussion and a method for preparing it |
| DE19505568A1 (en) * | 1995-02-18 | 1996-08-22 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Gas generating mixtures |
| JP5388573B2 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2014-01-15 | ルアグ アモテック ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Pyrotechnical active substance |
| CN101434617A (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2009-05-20 | 西北大学 | Energetic coordination complex based on azo tetrazole azotetrazole and use thereof |
| DE102010025104B4 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2015-06-11 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | initiating explosive |
| DE102010036950B4 (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2014-04-03 | Nammo Germany Gmbh | Explosive metal complexes, their preparation and use, as well as detonators |
| CN102731425A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-17 | 南京理工大学 | Preparation method of zinc 5, 5'-azotetrazole |
| CZ2013858A3 (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-09-02 | Sellier & Bellot | Bismuth-based energetic materials |
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| BR112016030839A2 (en) | 2017-08-22 |
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| HUE046300T2 (en) | 2020-02-28 |
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| RU2695200C2 (en) | 2019-07-22 |
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